Endnotes

  1. Shelton’s work was frequently reprinted, and the edition of 1691 is in the Pepysian Library. The late Mr. John E. Bailey read a very interesting paper on The Cipher of Pepys’s Diary, before the Manchester Literary Club, on December 14th, 1875, an abstract of which has been printed. ↩

  2. Mr. W. C. Pepys has paid great attention to the history of his family, and in 1887 he published an interesting work entitled Genealogy of the Pepys Family, 1273⁠–⁠1887, London, George Bell and Sons, which contains the fullest pedigrees of the family yet issued. ↩

  3. February 10th, 1661⁠–⁠62. ↩

  4. “We went through Horslydown, where I never was since a little boy, that I went to enquire after my father, whom we did give over for lost coming from Holland.”

    Diary, Jan. 24th, 1665⁠–⁠66

    John Pepys appears, from the State Papers, to have visited Holland as late as 1656.

    “That passes be graunted to goe beyond ye seas to ye persons following, vizt, To John Pepys and his man, with necessaryes for Holland, being on the desire of Mr Samll Pepys.

    “Ordered by the Council, Thursday, 7th August, 1656.”

    ↩

  5. See Diary, June 17th, 1666. ↩

  6. The following is a copy of John Pepys’s will:

    “My Father’s Will.

    [Endorsement by S. Pepys.]

    “Memorandum. That I, John Pepys of Ellington, in the county of Huntingdon, Gentn, doe declare my mind in the disposall of my worldly goods as followeth:

    “First, I desire that my lands and goods left mee by my brother, Robert Pepys, deceased, bee delivered up to my eldest son, Samuell Pepys, of London, Esqr., according as is expressed in the last Will of my brother Robert aforesaid.

    “Secondly, As for what goods I have brought from London, or procured since, and what moneys I shall leave behind me or due to me, I desire may be disposed of as followeth:

    “Imprimis, I give to the stock of the poore of the parish of Brampton, in which church I desire to be enterred, five pounds.

    “Item. I give to the Poore of Ellington forty shillings.

    “Item. I desire that my two grandsons, Samuell and John Jackson, have ten pounds a piece.

    “Item. I desire that my daughter, Paulina Jackson, may have my largest silver tankerd.

    “Item. I desire that my son John Pepys may have my gold seale-ring.

    “Lastly. I desire that the remainder of what I shall leave be equally distributed between my sons Samuel and John Pepys and my daughter Paulina Jackson.

    “All which I leave to the care of my eldest son Samuel Pepys, to see performed, if he shall think fit.

    “In witness hereunto I set my hand.”

    ↩

  7. Pepys tells us (Diary, Dec. 31st, 1664) that his father and mother were married at Newington in Surrey, on October 15th, 1626, but although the register of marriages of St. Mary, Newington, has been searched, the certificate of the marriage has not been found, and the maiden name of Mrs. John Pepys is still unknown. Mr. Osmund Airy suggests, in the Encyclopædia Britannica, the possibility that her maiden name may have been Perkins, and refers to an uncle and aunt Perkins who lived in poverty in the Fens near Wisbeach. I believe, however, that these Perkins were connections on the father’s rather than on the mother’s side. Jane Pepys, youngest sister of Samuel’s father, married Perkin. The suggestion, nevertheless, is useful, as it draws attention to the possibility of some of the cousins and aunts to whom we can find no clue, having been relations on the mother’s side. ↩

  8. Diary, April 25th, 1664. ↩

  9. May 12th, 1667. ↩

  10. March 15th, 1659⁠–⁠60. ↩

  11. Lord Braybrooke says Trinity College, but his statement does not agree with the information given in the extracts from the Magdalene College register books quoted in the note on p. xvii, where we find the words, “in Aula Trin.” I have made inquiries in order to settle this point, but the result is only negative. The Master of Trinity Hall has been so good as to inform me that the registers of his college do not go back so far as this date, and through the kindness of Mr. J. W. L. Glaisher, F.R.S., Fellow of Trinity College, I learn that Pepys’s name does not occur in the registers of that college, and that there is no reason to suspect any omissions in the registers. As there is thus much evidence against his admission at Trinity College, it seems but fair to accept the evidence of the books of Magdalene College until they are proved to be incorrect. ↩

  12. “Went to reside in Magl. Coll. Camb., and did put on my gown first, March 5, 1650⁠–⁠51.”

    Diary, Dec. 31st, 1664

    ↩

  13. Mr. Mynors Bright has printed the following extracts from the entry and register books of Magdalene College, which refer to these movements:

    “. Samuell Peapys filius Johannis Peapys civis Londinensis annos natus⁠—è scholâ Paulina admissus est Sizator, Tutore Doc Morland.

    “Mem, eū prius admissū fuisse in Aulâ Trin: 21 die Junii ejusdem añi, ut patet ex testif. Mri Twells ibidem Socio, dat. Mar. 4 1650/1, quo die etiū in ordinē transijt Pensionariorum apud nos.”

    “. Ego Samuel Pepys electus fui et admissus in discipulum hujus Collegij pro Magistro Spenluff.”

    “. Ego Samuel Pepys electus fui et admissus in discipulum hujus Collegij pro Magistro Johanne Smyth.”

    These entries are also printed in the Appendix to the Fifth Report of the Historical MSS. Commission, p. 484. ↩

  14. October 21st, 1653.

    “Memorandum: that Peapys and Hind were solemnly admonished by myself and Mr. Hill, for having been scandalously over-served with drink ye night before. This was done in the presence of all the Fellows then resident, in Mr. Hill’s chamber.⁠—John Wood, Registrar.”

    From the Registrar’s-book of Magdalene College

    ↩

  15. There is no information at the Registry of the University which throws any light upon the question whether Pepys was first entered at Trinity College or Trinity Hall, but Mr. Charles E. Grant, M.A., has kindly informed me that “Sam: Peapys” matriculated as a pensioner at Magdalene on July 4th, 1651, and was a B.A. of 1653. ↩

  16. These particulars are obtained from an interesting letter from Balthasar St. Michel to Pepys, dated “Deale, Feb. 8, 1673⁠–⁠4,” and printed in Life, Journals, and Correspondence of Samuel Pepys, 1841, vol. i, pp. 146⁠–⁠53. ↩

  17. The late Mr. T. C. Noble kindly communicated to me a copy of the original marriage certificate, which is as follows: “Samuell Peps of this parish Gent. & Elizabeth De Snt. Michell of Martins in the fields, Spinster. Published October 19th, 22nd, 29th 1655, and were married by Richard Sherwin Esqr one of the justices of the Peace of the Cittie and Lyberties of Westmr December 1st. (Signed) Ri. Sherwin.” ↩

  18. “June 10th, 1669. I went this evening to London, to carry Mr. Pepys to my brother Richard, now exceedingly afflicted with the stone, who had been successfully cut, and carried the stone, as big as a tennis ball, to show him and encourage his resolution to go thro’ the operation.”

    —⁠Evelyn’s Diary

    ↩

  19. Nov. 7th, 1660. See also Diary, March 8th, 1662⁠–⁠63. ↩

  20. Diary, Jan. 30th, 1659⁠–⁠60: “I taking my £12 10s. 0d. due to me for my last quarter’s salary.” ↩

  21. A List of such Shipps as were at Sceaueling in attending on his Maty at his returne to England, with an Account of the then Commanders in each Ship, as also an Account of the Gratuity: from a paper in the British Museum. ()
    Names. Commanders Men. Guns. Gratuities.
    Naseby, alias Charles Roger Cuttance 500 80 801 19 6
    London John Lawson 360 64 580 13 6
    Swiftsure Sir Richd Stayner 300 40 444 13 6
    Speaker, alias Mary Rob. Clarke 220 52 295 17 0
    Centurion John Park 150 40 209 17 0
    Plymouth Jo. Haywarde 260 54 298 7 10
    Cherriton, alias Speedwell Henry Cuttance 90 20 122 15 6
    Dartmouth Richd Rooth 100 22 134 4 2
    Lark Tho. Levidge 40 10 57 6 8
    Hinde Richd Country 35 6 55 15 8
    Nonsuch frigate John Parker 120 34 194 18 0
    Norwich Mich. Untton 100 22 133 0 0
    Winsby, Happy Return Joseph Ames 160 44 173 6 9
    Royal James John Stoakes 400 70 369 4 3
    Lamport, alias Henrietta John Coppin 210 50 274 1 4
    Essex Tho. Bunn 200 48 210 2 2
    Portsmouth Rob. Sansum 130 38 155 6 3
    Yarmouth Cha. Wager 160 44 215 2 0
    Assistance Thos Sparling 140 40 160 17 4
    Foresight Peter Mootham 140 40 176 19 4
    Elias Mark Harrison 110 36 172 10 3
    Bradford, Success Peter Bower 100 24 - - -
    Hampshire Henry Terne 130 38 171 9 1
    Greyhound Jerem. Country 85 20 95 15 10
    Francis Willm Dale 45 10 37 15 6
    Lilly John Pearce 35 6 46 9 9
    Hawk Andw Ashford 35 8 48 16 3
    Richmond, formerly Wakefield John Pointz 100 22 118 2 0
    Martin Wm Burrowes 50 - - - -
    Merlyn Edw. Grove - - 34 16 0
    Roe, ketch Tho. Bowry - - 51 8 0

    ↩

  22. Diary, Feb. 9th, 1664⁠–⁠65. ↩

  23. Diary, Feb. 11th, 1667⁠–⁠68. ↩

  24. Sir Robert Brooke, Lord of the Manor of Wanstead from 1662 to 1667, M.P. for Aldborough 1660, 1661⁠–⁠69. He retired to France in bad circumstances, and from a letter among the Pepys MSS. it appears that he was drowned in the river at Lyons. ↩

  25. “The House then proceeding upon the debate touching the Election for Castle Rising, between Mr. Pepys and Mr. Offley, did, in the first place, take into consideration what related personally to Mr. Pepys. Information being given to the House that they had received an account from a person of quality, that he saw an Altar with a Crucifix upon it, in the house of Mr. Pepys; Mr. Pepys, standing up in his place, did heartily and flatly deny that he ever had any Altar or Crucifix, or the image or picture of any Saint whatsoever in his house, from the top to the bottom of it; and the Members being called upon to name the person that gave them the information, they were unwilling to declare it without the order of the House; which, being made, they named the Earl of Shaftesbury; and the House being also informed that Sir J. Banks did likewise see the Altar, he was ordered to attend the Bar of the House, to declare what he knew of this matter. ‘Ordered that Sir William Coventry, Sir Thomas Meeres, and Mr. Garraway do attend Lord Shaftesbury on the like occasion, and receive what information his Lordship, can give on this matter.’ ”

    —⁠Journals of the House of Commons, vol. ix, p. 306

    “13th February, Sir W. Coventry reports that they attended the Earl of Shaftesbury, and received from him the account which they had put in writing. The Earl of Shaftesbury denieth that he ever saw an Altar in Mr. Pepys’s house or lodgings; as to the Crucifix, he saith he hath, some imperfect memory of seeing somewhat which he conceived to be a Crucifix. When his Lordship was asked the time, he said it was before the burning of the Office of the Navy. Being asked concerning the manner, he said he could not remember whether it were painted or carved, or in what manner the thing was; and that his memory was so very imperfect in it, that if he were upon his oath he could give no testimony.”

    —⁠Journals of the House of Commons, vol. ix, p. 309

    “16th February⁠—Sir John Banks was called in⁠—The Speaker desired him to answer what acquaintance he had with; Mr. Pepys, and whether he used to have recourse to him to his house and had ever seen there any Altar or Crucifix, or whether he knew of his being a Papist, or Popishly inclined. Sir J. Banks said that he had known and had been acquainted with Mr. Pepys several years, and had often visited him and conversed with him at the Navy Office, and at his house there upon several occasions, and that he never saw in his house there any Altar or Crucifix, and that he does not believe him to be a Papist, or that way inclined in the least, nor had any reason or ground to think or believe it.”

    —⁠Journals of the House of Commons, vol, ix, p. 310

    ↩

  26. Christie’s Life of the First Earl of Shaftesbury, 1871, vol. ii, pp. 195⁠–⁠197. ↩

  27. The office generally known as Secretary of the Admiralty dates back many years, but the officer who filled it was sometimes Secretary to the Lord High Admiral, and sometimes to the Commission for that office. “His Majesties Letters Patent for ye erecting the office of Secretary of ye Admiralty of England, and creating Samuel Pepys, Esq., first Secretary therein,” is dated June 10th, 1684. ↩

  28. Jesse’s Stuarts, vol. iii, p. 326. ↩

  29. Raikes’s Hon. Artillery Company, vol. i, p. 196. ↩

  30. Cobbett’s Parliamentary History, vol. iv, cols. 975, 976. ↩

  31. In Sir G. F. Duckett’s Naval Commissioners, 1660⁠–⁠1760 (privately printed, 1889), there are several particulars as to the life of Samuel Atkins. He was the son of “a colonel on the Parliament side in the late Rebellion,” and from 1670 to 1672 was clerk to Colonel Middleton, one of the Commissioners of the Navy, who died in the latter year. He was then clerk in Chatham Dockyard, and in 1674 “he went as junior clerk⁠ ⁠… under Mr. Hewer,” and afterwards chief or head-clerk under Pepys, to whom he is said to have been devoted. He was examined before a Committee of the House of Lords, and several times remanded back to Newgate touching the murder of Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey. He was eventually acquitted, and having influential friends he subsequently obtained several good appointments. He was a Commissioner of the Navy from 1694 to 1702, and in 1700 he was one of five Commissioners appointed by the House of Lords to state the accounts due to the Army. He died in 1706. An account of Atkins’s case, and other documents connected with Godfrey’s murder, will be found among the Rawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian Library, A. 173. References to Atkins are given in the House of Lords MSS. (“Historical MSS. Commission,” 11th Report, Appendix, part 2, pp. 49⁠–⁠151). Mr. J. R. Tanner communicated an interesting article on “Pepys and the Popish Plot” to the April number (1892) of the English Historical Review. He shows how the alibi which caused the jury to acquit Atkins without leaving the box was prepared by Pepys himself. ↩

  32. Scull’s Dorothea Scott, pp. 16, 17. ↩

  33. In connection with this period of disgrace the following is of interest:

    [Endorsed⁠—“The Coffeehouse-Paper, wherein ye scandalous intelligence touching Mr Pepys.”]

    “On Tuesday last, Mr Peeps went to Windsor, having ye confidence yt he might kisse ye King’s hand; and being at Court, mett the Lord Chamberlain and made his complent to his Lordshipp. But his Lordshipp told him ye he wondered he should presume to come to Court before he had cleared himselfe, being charged with treason; whose answer was, his innocency was such, that he valued not anything he was charged with; soe parted with his Lordshipp; but by the favour of some courtiers, he was brought into ye King’s presence: but so soon as his Majtie saw him, he frowned and turned aside, showing his dislike of seeing him there.”

    Extract from a paper without date

    The following contradiction to this statement appeared in The Domestic Intelligencer, and News from Town and Country, 15th and 26th September, 1679: “These are to give notice that all and every part of the relation published in The Domestic Intelligencer the 9th of this instant September, is, as to the matter, and every particular circumstance therein mentioned, altogether false and scandalous, there having no such passage happened, nor anything that might give occasion to that report.” ↩

  34. Scull’s Dorothea Scott, pp. 21, 22. ↩

  35. John James, of Glentworth, co. Lincoln, had been servant to Sir William Coventry, and was recommended to Pepys by Sir R. Mason. James’s evidence against Pepys is given in Grey’s Debates, vol. vii, p. 304. ↩

  36. Pepys’s Life, Journals, and Correspondence, 1841, vol. i, p. 216. ↩

  37. William Harbord sat as M.P. for Thetford in several parliaments. In 1689 he was chosen on the Privy Council, and in 1690 became Vice-Treasurer for Ireland. He was appointed Ambassador to Turkey in 1692, and died at Belgrade in July of that year. ↩

  38. Scull’s Dorothea Scott, p. 74. ↩

  39. It is included in the Boscobel Tracts, published with Grammont’s Memoirs in Bohn’s Standard Library (Bell and Sons). ↩

  40. Pepys to Hewer, May 10th, 1682 (Pepys’s Life, Journals, and Correspondence, 1841, vol. i, p. 295). ↩

  41. Pepys’s true friend, Mr. Houblon, gave him the following letter of credit when he set out on the expedition:

    “London, August 8, 1683.

    “Mr. Richard Gough⁠—This goes by my deare friend Mr. Pepys, who is embarked on board the Grafton man-of-war, commanded by our Lord Dartmouth, who is Admiral of the King’s Fleet for this Expedition. If Mr. Pepys’s occasions draw him to Cadiz, you know what love and respect I bear him, so that I need not use arguments with you for to serve him there, which I am sure you will do to the utmost of your power. And wherein you find yourself deficient either for want of language or knowing the country, oblige your friends to help you, that he may have all the pleasure and divertisement there that Cales can afford him. And if his occasions require any money, you will furnish him what he desires, placing it to my account. I shall write you per next post concerning other matters. I am, your loving friend,

    “James Houblon.”

    Rawlinson MSS.

    Pepys kept a journal of his proceedings at Tangier, which is now preserved among the Rawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. It was deciphered and published by the Rev. John Smith, in his Life, Journals, and Correspondence of Pepys, 1841. ↩

  42. Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, p. 23. ↩

  43. The Diploma sent by the University of Oxford to Mr. Pepys,

    Upon his presenting the Portrait of Dr. Wallis to their Picture Gallery, October, 1702.

    “Ornatissimo, Optimoque, Viro Samueli Pepys, Armigero, Regibus Carolo Secundo et Jacobo Secundo a Secretis Admiralitæ, Universitas Oxoniensis.

    “Te de litteris optimè mereri (Vir ornatissime!) si non multis aliis, hoc uno argumento probari possit, quod litteratorum honori tam impensè faves: certe ante oculos gratissimum simul atque splendidissimum munificentiæ vestræ atque in nos benevolentiæ exemplum quotidie cum laude tuâ observabitur, neque in doctissimi Professoris imagine ipsam quasi depictam mathematicen, insolitamque animi vestri descriptam benignitatem satis unquam mirabimur. Et quidem præclaræ indolis est posse magnum Wallisium in pretio habere, qui nihil unquam vulgare aut sapuit aut fecit, tendit in altos multâ curâ litterarum tractus, sublimesque aperit mathematum vias, cœlis proximus quos metitur et sideribus stellisque quorum numerus ejus arithmeticæ patet, omnesque nisi Lynceum atque Aquilinum oculum fugit. Tu solertissimus tam cœlestis ingenii æstimator, dum tantum in alio meritum suspicis, et dum tam eximii, tam perspicacis in rebus abstrusissimis Viri similitudinem nobis proponis, egregiæ mentis tuæ erigis immortalitatem: non illius formæ atque titulis tantum, verum famæ etiam nomen tuum inscribis, et quantus sis non obscurè inde judicare possumus, quod talem Virum Genti nostras, et litterati Orbis tam grande ornamentum, in amicum tibi cooptasti; pulchrè similes unit amor, atque in eâdem tabula in secula juncti vivatis, utrique perpetuis nostris encomiis dignissimi, quorum alter Academiam exornat, alter ipsum ornantem. At non a solé istius tabulæ diuturnitate utriusque immortalitas æstimanda est. Ilium Motûs Leges et quicquid uspiam cœli terrarumque ab humanâ mente capi, quædam quæ a solâ Wallisianâ inveniri possunt non morituris descripta voluminibus omnium temporum admirationi consecravere; patet vero in laudes tuas ipse Oceanus, quern illâ tam bene instructâ classe contravisti, quæ et potentissimorum hostium, et voracissimorum fluctuum iras potuit contemnere. Tu felicioribus quam ullus unquam Dædalus armamentis naves tuas firmasti, ut navigantium non tantum gloriæ fuerint, vèrum etiam saluti. Tu certè Ligneis Muris Britanniam munivisti, et quod ad utrumque Polum (sive quiddam novi exploraturi, sive victoriam circumferentes) vela nostri explicare potuissent, sola tua cura effecit. Alii res arduas mari aggredi ausi sunt, tuum vero profundius ipso Oceano ingenium audaces reddidit; quod mirâ arte, sive passis velis sive contractis ageretur, excogitavit, ut id tuto poterant præstare. Aliorum virtuti forsan debemus, ut res magnæ agerentur, sed ut agi potuissent, propria gloria est industrisæ tuæ. Fruere ergo felix hâc parte laudis tuæ, quæ tamdiu duratura est, quamdiu erit in usu Pyxis nautica, aut cursus suos peragent Sidera: quam quideni (omissis aliis rebus a quibus immortali gloria viges) ideo tantum memoramus, ne sis nescius probè nos scire quanto a Viro benevolentia ista in nos conferatur, quam gratis animis amplectimur ut non plus debeant artes atque scientitæ Wallisio, neque Reges et Britannia tibi, quam ob hoc præclarum munus nos tibi obæratos læti sentimus, atque optamus ut hoc gratitudinis nostræ testimonium observatissimæ in te nostræ mentis viva imago parem cum vestrâ famâ perennitatis circulum describat, atque adeo sit æterna.

    “Datum in Domo Convocationis, Vicesimo tertio die Mensis Octobris, Anno Domini millesimo septingesimo secundo.

    “Sigillat: in Domo Convocationis, Vicesimo nono ejusdem Mensis Octobris Annoque Domini supradict.”

    ↩

  44. Communicated to Lord Braybrooke by the late Mr. William Upcott. It appears, from the Evelyn Papers in the British Museum (bought at Mr. Upcott’s sale), that in September, 1705, Mr. John Jackson made a proposal of marriage to one of Evelyn’s granddaughters, through their common friend, William Hewer. The alliance was declined solely on account of Jackson’s being unable to make an adequate settlement on the young lady; whilst Evelyn (the draught of whose answer is preserved) courteously acknowledged the respect entertained by him for Pepys’s memory, and his sense of his nephew’s extraordinary accomplishments. Mr. Jackson married Anne, daughter of the Rev. John Edgerley, Vicar of Wandsworth, Prebendary of St. Paul’s, and Archdeacon, by Anne, daughter of ⸻ Blackburn, William Hewer’s uncle, often mentioned in the Diary. Mr. Jackson left two sons (at whose death, s. p., the male line became extinct) and five daughters, the youngest of whom married John Cockerell, of Bishop’s Hall, Somerset, and the present representatives are the family of Pepys Cockerell. ↩

  45. From the original in the Bodleian Library:

    “London, June 5. Yesterday, in the evening, were performed the obsequies of Samuel Pepys, Esq., in Crutched-Friars’ Church; whither his corpse was brought in a very honourable and solemn manner from Clapham, where he departed this life the 26th day of the last month.”

    —⁠Post Boy, No. 1257, June 5, 1703

    “June 4th, 1703.⁠—Samuel Peyps, Esqre, buried in a vault by ye Com̃union Table.”

    —⁠Register of St. Olave’s, Hart Street

    ↩

  46. See Ellis’s Early English Pronunciation, part iv, pp. 1230⁠–⁠1243. ↩

  47. The year did not legally begin in England before the 25th March until the act for altering the style fixed the 1st of January as the first day of the year, and previous to 1752 the year extended from March 25th to the following March 24th. Thus since 1752 we have been in the habit of putting the two dates for the months of January and February and March 1 to 24⁠—in all years previous to 1752. Practically, however, many persons considered the year to commence with January 1st, as it will be seen Pepys did. The 1st of January was considered as New Year’s day long before Pepys’s time. The fiscal year has not been altered; and the national accounts are still reckoned from old Lady Day, which falls on the 6th of April. ↩

  48. Pepys was successfully cut for the stone on March 26th, 1658. See March 26th below. Although not suffering from this cause again until the end of his life, there are frequent references in the Diary to pain whenever he caught cold. In a letter from Pepys to his nephew Jackson, April 8th, 1700, there is a reference to the breaking out three years before his death of the wound caused by the cutting for the stone: “It has been my calamity for much the greatest part of this time to have been kept bedrid, under an evil so rarely known as to have had it matter of universal surprise and with little less general opinion of its dangerousness; namely, that the cicatrice of a wound occasioned upon my cutting for the stone, without hearing anything of it in all this time, should after more than 40 years’ perfect cure, break out again.” At the postmortem examination a nest of seven stones, weighing four and a half ounces, was found in the left kidney, which was entirely ulcerated. ↩

  49. Pepys’s house was on the south side of King Street, Westminster; it is singular that when he removed to a residence in the city, he should have settled close to another Axe Yard. Fludyer Street stands on the site of Axe Yard, which derived its name from a great messuage or brewhouse on the west side of King Street, called “The Axe,” and referred to in a document of the 23rd of Henry VIII —⁠B. ↩

  50. Ed. note:⁠ ⁠… are used to denote censored passages ↩

  51. John Lambert, major-general in the Parliamentary army. The title Lord was not his by right, but it was frequently given to the republican officers. He was born in 1619, at Calton Hall, in the parish of Kirkby-in-Malham-Dale, in the West Riding of Yorkshire. In 1642 he was appointed captain of horse under Fairfax, and acted as major-general to Cromwell in 1650 during the war in Scotland. After this Parliament conferred on him a grant of lands in Scotland worth £1,000 per annum. He refused to take the oath of allegiance to Cromwell, for which the Protector deprived him of his commission. After Cromwell’s death he tried to set up a military government. The Commons cashiered Lambert, Desborough, and other officers, October 12th, 1659, but Lambert retaliated by thrusting out the Commons, and set out to meet Monk. His men fell away from him, and he was sent to the Tower, March 3rd, 1660, but escaped. In 1662 he was tried on a charge of high treason and condemned, but his life was spared. It is generally stated that he passed the remainder of his life in the island of Guernsey, but this is proved to be incorrect by a MS. in the Plymouth Athenaeum, entitled “Plimmouth Memoirs collected by James Yonge, 1684” This will be seen from the following extracts quoted by Mr. R. J. King, in Notes and Queries, “1667 Lambert the arch-rebel brought to this island [St. Nicholas, at the entrance of Plymouth harbour].” “1683 Easter day Lambert that old rebel died this winter on Plimmouth Island where he had been prisoner 15 years and more.” ↩

  52. Sir John Lawson, the son of a poor man at Hull, entered the navy as a common sailor, rose to the rank of admiral, and distinguished himself during the Protectorate. Though a republican, he readily closed with the design of restoring the King. He was vice-admiral under the Earl of Sandwich, and commanded the London in the squadron which conveyed Charles II to England. He was mortally wounded in the action with the Dutch off Harwich, June, 1665. He must not be confounded with another John Lawson, the Royalist, of Brough Hall, in Yorkshire, who was created a Baronet by Charles II, July 6th, 1665. ↩

  53. George Monk, born 1608, created Duke of Albemarle, 1660, married Ann Clarges, March, 1654, died January 3rd, 1676. ↩

  54. “The City sent and invited him [Monk] to dine the next day at Guildhall, and there he declared for the members whom the army had forced away in year forty-seven and forty-eight, who were known by the names of secluded members.”

    Burnet’s Hist. of his Own Time, book i

    ↩

  55. George Downing was one of the Four Tellers of the Receipt of the Exchequer, and in his office Pepys was a clerk. He was the son of Emmanuel Downing of the Inner Temple, afterwards of Salem, Massachusetts, and of Lucy, sister of Governor John Winthrop. He is supposed to have been born in August, 1623. He and his parents went to New England in 1638, and he was the second graduate of Harvard College. He returned to England about 1645, and acted as Colonel Okey’s chaplain before he entered into political life. Anthony à Wood (who incorrectly describes him as the son of Dr. Calybute Downing, vicar of Hackney) calls Downing a sider with all times and changes: skilled in the common cant, and a preacher occasionally. He was sent by Cromwell to Holland in 1657, as resident there. At the Restoration, he espoused the King’s cause, and was knighted and elected M.P. for Morpeth, in 1661. Afterwards, becoming Secretary to the Treasury and Commissioner of the Customs, he was in 1663 created a Baronet of East Hatley, in Cambridgeshire, and was again sent Ambassador to Holland. His grandson of the same name, who died in 1749, was the founder of Downing College, Cambridge. The title became extinct in 1764, upon the decease of Sir John Gerrard Downing, the last heir-male of the family. Sir George Downing’s character will be found in Lord Clarendon’s Life, vol. iii p. 4. Pepys’s opinion seems to be somewhat of a mixed kind. He died in July, 1684. ↩

  56. Peter Gunning, afterwards Master of St. John’s College, Cambridge, and successively Bishop of Chichester and Ely. He had continued to read the Liturgy at the chapel at Exeter House when the Parliament was most predominant, for which Cromwell often rebuked him. Evelyn relates that on Christmas Day, 1657, the chapel was surrounded with soldiers, and the congregation taken prisoners, he and his wife being among them. There are several notices of Dr. Gunning in Evelyn’s Diary. When he obtained the mastership of St. John’s College upon the ejection of Dr. Tuckney, he allowed that Nonconformist divine a handsome annuity during his life. He was a great controversialist, and a man of great reading. Burnet says he “was a very honest sincere man, but of no sound judgment, and of no prudence in affairs” (Hist. of his Own Time). He died July 6th, 1684, aged seventy-one. ↩

  57. Exeter House, which stood on the north side of the Strand, to the east of Bedford House, was built by Sir William Cecil, Lord Burghley, whose eldest son was created first Earl of Exeter. It was also known as Cecil and Burleigh House. Exeter Street and Burleigh Street mark the site of the house. ↩

  58. The conduit was situated near the north end of Salisbury Square. Monk’s lodgings were close by. ↩

  59. Theophila Turner, daughter of Sergeant John and Jane Turner, who married Sir Arthur Harris, Bart. She died 1686. ↩

  60. W. Shepley was a servant of Admiral Sir Edward Montagu (afterwards Earl of Sandwich), with whom Pepys was frequently brought in contact. He was steward at Hinchinbroke. ↩

  61. Sir Edward Montagu, born 1625, son of Sir Sidney Montagu, by Paulina, daughter of John Pepys of Cottenham, married Jemima, daughter of John Crew of Stene. He died in action against the Dutch in Southwold Bay, May 28th, 1672. The title of “My Lord” here applied to Montagu before he was created Earl of Sandwich is of the same character as that given to General Lambert. ↩

  62. John Crew, born 1598, eldest son of Sir Thomas Crew, Sergeant-at-Law and Speaker of the House of Commons. He sat for Brackley in the Long Parliament. Created Baron Crew of Stene, in the county of Northampton, at the coronation of Charles II. He married Jemima, daughter and co-heir of Edward Walgrave (or Waldegrave) of Lawford, Essex. His house was in Lincoln’s Inn Fields. He died December 12th, 1679. ↩

  63. Thomas, Lord Fairfax, Generalissimo of the Parliament forces. After the Restoration, he retired to his country seat, where he lived in private till his death, 1671. In a volume (autograph) of Lord Fairfax’s Poems, preserved in the British Museum, 11744, f. 42, the following lines occur upon the 30th of January, on which day the King was beheaded. It is believed that they have never been printed.

    “O let that day from time be bloted quitt,
    And beleef of ’t in next age be waved,
    In depest silence that act concealed might,
    That so the creadet of our nation might be saved;
    But if the powre devine hath ordered this,
    His will’s the law, and our must aquiess.”

    These wretched verses have obviously no merit; but they are curious as showing that Fairfax, who had refused to act as one of Charles I’s judges; continued long afterwards to entertain a proper horror for that unfortunate monarch’s fate. It has recently been pointed out to me, that the lines were not originally composed by Fairfax, being only a poor translation of the spirited lines of Statius (Sylvarum lib. v cap. ii l. 88):

    “Excidat illa dies ævo, ne postera credant
    Secula, nos certè taceamus; et obruta multâ
    Nocte tegi propria patiamur crimina gentis.”

    These verses were first applied by the President de Thou to the massacre of St. Bartholomew, 1572; and in our day, by Mr. Pitt, in his memorable speech in the House of Commons, January, 1793, after the murder of Louis XVI —⁠B. ↩

  64. This gentleman was a connection of Sir Edward Montagu’s, whose daughter Jemima he wanted to marry, but he was not received with favour by her (see January 17th, 1659⁠–⁠60). ↩

  65. Clare Market, named after John Holies, Earl of Clare, was at first known as New Market. John Willis’s Mnemonica, or the Art of Memory, was published in 1661, by “Leonard Sowerby at the Turnstile near New Market in Lincoln’s Inn Fields.” ↩

  66. Mrs. Jemimah, or Mrs. Jem, was Jemima, eldest daughter of Sir Edward Montagu. At this time she and her sister, Mrs. Ann, seem to have been living alone with their maids in London, and Pepys’s duty was to look after them. ↩

  67. Pepys does not appear to have made any progress in learning the game, for on May 15th he writes that he cannot play it. “The game at cribbidge” is described in the Complete Gamester, 1677, and subsequent editions. ↩

  68. Pepys constantly visited “Will’s” about this time; but this could not be the famous coffeehouse in Covent Garden, because he mentions visiting there for the first time, February 3rd, 1663⁠–⁠64. It was most probably the house of William Joyce, who kept a place of entertainment at Westminster (see Jan. 29th). ↩

  69. Jemima, wife of Sir Edward Montagu, daughter of John Crew of Stene, afterwards Lord Crew. ↩

  70. Jane, daughter of John Pepys of South Creake, Norfolk, married to John Turner, Sergeant-at-law, Recorder of York; their only child, Theophila, frequently mentioned as The. or Theoph., became the wife of Sir Arthur Harris, Bart., of Stowford, Devon, and died 1686, s.p. ↩

  71. Mr. Vanley appears to have been Pepys’s landlord; he is mentioned again in the Diary on September 20th, 1660. ↩

  72. Pepys visited several Swan taverns, so that it is impossible to say which one is here referred to. It might have been either the one in the Palace Yard or the one in King Street, Westminster. ↩

  73. It was not usual at this time to sit down to breakfast, but instead a morning draught was taken at a tavern. ↩

  74. The rising of the Fifth Monarchy men is described later on. ↩

  75. Hinchinbroke was Sir Edward Montagu’s seat, from which he afterwards took his second title. Hinchinbroke House, so often mentioned in the Diary, stood about half a mile to the westward of the town of Huntingdon. It was erected late in the reign of Elizabeth, by Sir Henry Cromwell, on the site of a Benedictine nunnery, granted at the Dissolution, with all its appurtenances, to his father, Richard Williams, who had assumed the name of Cromwell, and whose grandson, Sir Oliver, was the uncle and godfather of the Protector. The knight, who was renowned for his hospitality, had the honour of entertaining King James at Hinchinbroke, but, getting into pecuniary difficulties, was obliged to sell his estates, which were conveyed, July 28th, 1627, to Sir Sidney Montagu of Barnwell, father of the first Earl of Sandwich, in whose descendant they are still vested. On the morning of the 22nd January, 1830, during the minority of the seventh Earl, Hinchinbroke was almost entirely destroyed by fire, but the pictures and furniture were mostly saved, and the house has been rebuilt in the Elizabethan style, and the interior greatly improved, under the direction of Edward Blore, Esq., R.A. —⁠B. ↩

  76. Dick Spicer, afterwards a brother clerk with Pepys of the Privy Seal. ↩

  77. Dick Vines. ↩

  78. George Vines. ↩

  79. It was usual to have a “chest of viols,” which consisted of six, viz., two trebles, two tenors, and two basses (see note in North’s Memoirs of Music, ed. Rimbault, p. 70). The bass viol was also called the viola da gamba, because it was held between the legs. ↩

  80. Later on (January 9th) it is said that Bradshaw’s lodgings were being prepared for Monk. ↩

  81. Edward Montagu, son of Sir Edward, and afterwards Lord Hinchinbroke. ↩

  82. Thomas Pepys, probably the son of Thomas Pepys of London (born, 1595), brother of Samuel’s father, John Pepys. ↩

  83. John Pepys was born in 1641, and his brother Samuel took great interest in his welfare, but he did not do any great credit to his elder. He took orders in 1666, and in 1670 was, through the influence of his brother Samuel, appointed Clerk to the Trinity House. In 1674 he was appointed joint Clerk of the Acts with Thomas Hayter. He died in March, 1676⁠–⁠77, leaving some debts which Samuel paid. ↩

  84. Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Pepys, Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, and wife of Thomas Stradwick. ↩

  85. George Vines and Dick Vines. ↩

  86. J. Scott was husband of Judith, another daughter of Chief Justice Richard Pepys. ↩

  87. Paulina, sister of Samuel, who was born 1640, and married John Jackson of Brampton, co. Hunts. She had two sons, Samuel and John, the second being heir to his uncle Samuel. ↩

  88. This was probably Joyce Norton, who was cousin to the Turners as well as to Pepys. She was the daughter of Richard Norton of South Creake and his wife, Barbara Pepys. ↩

  89. Antoine de Neuville, Seigneur de Bordeaux. ↩

  90. Probably Hugh May, who after 1662 was established as an architect. ↩

  91. John Harding was one of the Gentlemen of the King’s Private Music in 1674. ↩

  92. The Emblems, Divine and Moral of Francis Quarles was first published in 1635. There is no copy of this book now in the Pepysian Library. ↩

  93. Mrs. Bell; she died of the plague. ↩

  94. Dr. Robert Mossum, author of several sermons preached in London, and printed about the time of the Restoration, who was in 1666 made Bishop of Derry. In the title-page of his Apology in Behalf of the Sequestered Clergy, printed in 1660, he calls himself “Preacher of God’s word at St. Peter’s, Paul’s Wharf, London,” and at the end, “one of the sequestered clergy.” This pamphlet is reprinted in Somers Tracts, vol. vii p. 237, edit. 1812. ↩

  95. Declamations at St. Paul’s School, in which there were opponents and respondents. ↩

  96. William Simons. ↩

  97. Henry Scobell was Clerk to the House of Commons. I. ↩

  98. Henry Elsynge, born at Battersea, appointed Clerk of the House of Commons through the influence of Archbishop Laud, resigned in 1648 to avoid taking part in the proceedings against Charles I. He retired to Hounslow, where he died 1654. I. ↩

  99. Miles’s Coffee House in Old Palace Yard, where was held the Rota Club, founded by James Harrington, which is referred to again further on. ↩

  100. John Bradshaw (born 1586), President of the Council of State, died at the Deanery, Westminster, on October 31st, 1659. ↩

  101. Sir Harry Vane the younger, an inflexible republican. He was executed in 1662, on a charge of conspiring the death of Charles I. ↩

  102. Raby Castle in Durham, now the seat of Sir Harry Vane’s descendant, the Duke of Cleveland. ↩

  103. Mr. Jennings is mentioned again August 8th, 1660. ↩

  104. Ralph Greatorex, the well-known mathematical instrument maker of his day. He is frequently mentioned by Pepys. ↩

  105. There are two tokens of the Star Tavern in Cheapside, one dated 1648 and the other 1652 (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i 1889, pp. 562, 563). ↩

  106. Captain Okeshott is not mentioned again in the Diary. ↩

  107. James Harrington, the political writer, born January, 1611, author of Oceana, and founder of a club called The Rota, in 1659, which met at Miles’s coffeehouse in Old Palace Yard, and lasted only a few months. He attended Charles I on the scaffold. In 1661 he was sent to the Tower, on suspicion of treasonable designs, and was removed from thence to St. Nicholas Island, near Plymouth, but his intellect having failed his friends obtained his discharge on giving security for his behaviour. He died September 11th, 1667. Henry Nevill and Harrington “had every night a meeting at the (then) Turke’s Head, in the New Palace Yard, where they take water, the next house to the Staires, at one Miles’s, where was made purposely a large oval table, with a passage in the middle, for Miles to deliver his coffee. About it sat his disciples and the virtuosi.” —⁠Aubrey’s Bodleian Letters 1813, vol. ii pt. 2, p. 371 ↩

  108. Sir William Poultny, or Pulteney, subsequently M.P. for Westminster, and a Commissioner of the Privy Seal under King William. Died 1671. Grandfather to William Earl of Bath. ↩

  109. Edward Gold, the merchant. His name occurs among the Governors of Sir Roger Cholmley’s school at Highgate. ↩

  110. William Petty, M.D., an eminent physician and the founder of Political Economy (or Political Arithmetic, as he called it), born May 16th, 1623. He was elected Professor of Music at Gresham College by the interest of Captain John Graunt. Knighted in 1661. He died December 16th, 1687. His widow was created Baroness Shelburne in the Peerage of Ireland, and their eldest son succeeded to the title. ↩

  111. Thomas Doling. ↩

  112. Thomas Scott, M.P., was made Secretary of State to the Commonwealth on the 17th of this same January. He signed the death warrant of Charles I, for which he was executed at Charing Cross, October 16th, 1660. He gloried in his offence, and desired to have written on his tombstone, “Thomas Scott who adjudged to death the late king.” ↩

  113. Thomas Pepys, Samuel’s brother, born 1634 and died 1664. He carried on his father’s business as a tailor. ↩

  114. The game of battledore and shuttlecock was formerly much played even in tennis courts, and was a very violent game. ↩

  115. Edward Walgrave, or Waldegrave, of Lawford, Essex, father of Mrs. Crew. ↩

  116. Captain Philip Holland, at one time captain of Assurance (see December 11th, 1660); he renewed his commission on June 3rd, 1660. ↩

  117. The Swan tavern in Fenchurch Street. ↩

  118. Sir Arthur Haselrigge, Bart., of Nosely, co. Leicester, and M.P. for that county. He brought forward the Bill in the House of Commons for the attainder of the Earl of Strafford, and he was one of the five members charged with high treason by Charles I in 1642. Colonel of a regiment in the Parliament army, and much esteemed by Cromwell. In March, 1659⁠–⁠60, he was committed to the Tower by Monk, where he died, January, 1660⁠–⁠61. Although one of the King’s judges, he did not sign the death-warrant. ↩

  119. Colonel Morley, one of the Council of State, Lieutenant of the Tower. John Evelyn attempted to bring him over to the King’s side, but he hesitated, and lost the honour of restoring the King. ↩

  120. The Lord Mayor was Thomas Allen, created a baronet at the Restoration. ↩

  121. Leonard Pinckney was one of the four Tellers of the Receipt of the Exchequer, and he acted as Clerk of the Kitchen at Charles II’s Coronation feast. His son, William Pinckney, was admitted into his place of Teller in 1661. ↩

  122. Catan Stirpin, a girl who afterwards married a Monsieur Petit (see October 23rd, 1660). She is called Kate Sterpin on March 6th, 1659⁠–⁠60. ↩

  123. Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper was born July 22nd, 1621, and received his early instruction from Puritan private tutors. He was admitted into the Society of Lincoln’s Inn, February 18th, 1638, and was elected Member of Parliament for Tewkesbury in 1640. For a time he favoured the royal cause, but soon transferred his services to the Commonwealth. He had taken his seat for Downton on the 7th of this January. He was created Baron Ashley in 1661, and Earl of Shaftesbury in 1672. ↩

  124. “Baronius informs us that Pope John XIII in 968 consecrated a very large new cast bell in the Lateran Church, and gave it the name of John. This is the first instance I meet with of what has been since called ‘The baptizing of bells,’ a superstition which the reader may find ridiculed in the Beehive of the Romish Church, 1579.” A list of the ceremonies is quoted, and instance given of the practice in 14 Hen. VII, when Sir William Symys, Richard Clech, and Maistres Smyth were godfathers and godmother to a bell at Reading. See Brand’s Popular Antiquities, ed. Hazlitt, vol. ii pp. 239⁠–⁠240. ↩

  125. There is a token of the Green Dragon on Lambeth Hill, dated 1651 (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 650). ↩

  126. The flageolet is a small flute à bec. ↩

  127. Philip Stanhope, second Earl of Chesterfield, ob. 1713, æt. suæ 80. We learn, from the memoir prefixed to his Printed Correspondence, that he fought three duels, disarming and wounding his first and second antagonists, and killing the third. The name of the unfortunate gentleman who fell on this occasion was Woolly. Lord Chesterfield, absconding, went to Breda, where he obtained the royal pardon from Charles II. He acted a busy part in the eventful times in which he lived, and was remarkable for his steady adherence to the Stuarts. Lord Chesterfield’s letter to Charles II, and the King’s answer granting the royal pardon, occur in the Correspondence published by General Sir John Murray, in 1829.

    “Jan. 17th, 1659. The Earl of Chesterfield and Dr. Woolly’s son of Hammersmith, had a quarrel about a mare of eighteen pounds price; the quarrel would not be reconciled, insomuch that a challenge passed between them. They fought a duel on the backside of Mr. Colby’s house at Kensington, where the Earl and he had several passes. The Earl wounded him in two places, and would fain have then ended, but the stubbornness and pride of heart of Mr. Woolly would not give over, and the next pass [he] was killed on the spot. The Earl fled to Chelsea, and there took water and escaped. The jury found it chance-medley.”

    —⁠Rugge’s Diurnal, Addit MSS., British Museum

    —⁠B. ↩

  128. William Fuller, of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, was a schoolmaster at Twickenham during the Rebellion, and at the Restoration became Dean of St. Patrick’s, and, in 1663, Bishop of Limerick, from which see, in 1667, he was translated to Lincoln. He died April 23rd, 1675. ↩

  129. Mr. Washington the purser, see July 2nd, 1660. ↩

  130. Colonel William Sydenham had been an active officer during the Civil Wars, on the Parliament side; M.P. for Dorsetshire, Governor of Melcombe, and one of the Committee of Safety. He was the elder brother of the celebrated physician of that name. —⁠B. ↩

  131. In the Journals of that date, Major Richard Salwey. Colonel Salway is mentioned as a prisoner in the Tower, 1663⁠–⁠4, in Bayley’s History of the Tower of London, 1830, p. 590. ↩

  132. Richard Cromwell, third son of Oliver Cromwell, born October 4th, 1626, admitted a member of Lincoln’s Inn, May 27th, 1647, fell into debt and devoted himself to hunting and field sports. His succession to his father as Protector was universally accepted at first, but the army soon began to murmur because he was not a general. Between the dissensions of various parties he fell, and the country was left in a state of anarchy: He went abroad early in the summer of 1660, and lived abroad for some years, returning to England in 1680. After his fall he bore the name of John Clarke. Died at Cheshunt, July 12th, 1712. ↩

  133. Fleetwood and Desborough played a double game. John Desborough, born 1608, second son of James Disbrowe, married, 1636, Jane, sister to Oliver Cromwell; Major-General, 1648. Charles Fleetwood, son of Sir William Fleetwood, Cupbearer to James I and Charles I; Lord Deputy of Ireland (for a time being succeeded by Henry Cromwell), became Cromwell’s son-in-law by his marriage with Ireton’s widow, and a member of the Council of State. He seemed disposed to have espoused Charles II’s interests, but had not resolution enough to execute his design. At the Restoration, he was excepted out of the Act of Indemnity, and spent the remainder of his life in retirement at Stoke Newington. He died 1692. ↩

  134. Mr. Wilkinson was landlord of the Crown in King Street, Westminster. ↩

  135. Mr. Butler is usually styled by Pepys Mons. l’Impertinent. ↩

  136. Probably Mrs. (afterwards Lady) Anne Montagu, daughter of Sir Edward Montagu, and sister to Mrs. Jem. ↩

  137. The making of ciphers was a popular amusement about this time. Pepys made several for Montagu, Downing, and others. ↩

  138. This salary appears to have been £50 a year. See 30th of this month. ↩

  139. Pepys had two friends named Pierce, one the surgeon and the other the purser; he usually (but not always) distinguishes them. The one here alluded to was probably the surgeon, and husband of pretty Mrs. Pierce. After the Restoration James Pearse or Pierce became Surgeon to the Duke of York, and he was also Surgeon-General of the Fleet. ↩

  140. Nieuport, who is described by Evelyn as “a judicious, crafty, and wise man.” ↩

  141. Sir Thomas Widdrington was admitted a member of Gray’s Inn in 1618. As Recorder of Berwick he addressed a loyal speech to Charles I in 1633, when he expressed the wish that his throne might be “established before the Lord for ever.” He afterwards distinguished himself as a zealous Presbyterian, and in 1648 he was appointed a Commissioner of the Great Seal. When the trial of the King was arranged, he and his fellow Commissioner (Whitelocke) kept out of the way, so that they should have nothing to do with that criminal proceeding. Having declined to serve further as Commissioner, he was made Sergeant for the Commonwealth in 1650, and member of the Council of State in 1651. In 1654 he was again appointed Commissioner of the Great Seal, but was dismissed in 1655. He was elected in 1656 for York and for Northumberland, and chose to sit for the county. He was Speaker of this Parliament, which was dissolved in 1658. He was appointed Lord Chief Baron, but soon after was transferred to his former office of Commissioner of the Great Seal. He had the benefit of the Act of Indemnity at the Restoration, and was the first named of the re-appointed sergeants. He died May 13th, 1664, and was buried in the chancel of the church of St. Giles’s-in-the-Fields. ↩

  142. The Swan in Old Fish Street was an old tavern, as it is mentioned in 1413 as the Swan on the Hoop, at the southeast comer of old Fish Street and Bread Street. There is a token of the house. (See Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 691.) ↩

  143. Mr. Falconberge (or Falconbridge, as sometimes spelt) appears to have been a clerk in the Exchequer. Mrs. Barker, Mrs. Pepys’s woman, was previously in the service of Mr. Falconberge. ↩

  144. Mrs. Betty Lane, a haberdasher or seamstress who occupied a stall in the Hall. She is frequently mentioned in the Diary. ↩

  145. These stationers and booksellers, whose shops disfigured Westminster Hall down to a late period, were a privileged class. In the statutes for appointing licensers and regulating the press, there is a clause exempting them from the pains and penalties of these obnoxious laws. The exception in the 14 Car. II cap. 33, sec. xx, runs thus: “Provided alsoe⁠ ⁠… that neither this act, nor any therein contained, shall be construed to prohibit any person or persons to sell books or papers who have sold books or papers within Westminster Hall, the Palace of Westminster, or in any shopp or shopps within twenty yards of the Great Gate of Westminster Hall aforesaid before the said 20th November, 1661, but they and every of them may sell books and papers as they have or did before the said 20th November, 1661, within the said Hall, Palace, and twenty yards aforesaid, and not elsewhere, anything in this act to the contrary in any wise notwithstanding.” ↩

  146. “Jan. 20th. Then there went out of the City, by desire of the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen, Alderman Fowke and Alderman Vincett, alias Vincent, and Mr. Broomfield, to compliment General Monk, who lay at Harborough Town, in Leicestershire.”

    “Jan. 21st. Because the Speaker was sick, and Lord General Monk so near London, and everybody thought that the City would suffer for their affronts to the soldiery, and because they had sent the sword-bearer to the General without the Parliament’s consent, and the three Aldermen were gone to give him the welcome to town, these four lines were in almost everybody’s mouth:

    “Monk under a hood, not well understood,
    The City pull in their horns;
    The Speaker is out, and sick of the gout,
    And the Parliament sit upon thorns.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    —⁠B. ↩

  147. The Mitre in Fleet Street was opposite St. Dunstan’s Church, and stood on the site of part of Messrs. Hoare’s banking house. It is said to have dated back to Shakespeare’s day. There is a token of “Will. Pagget at the Miter in Fleet Street.” Pagget appears to have succeeded John Bayly, who died January, 1648⁠–⁠9. Mitre Tavern, Mitre Court, is another tavern. (See Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 604.) ↩

  148. William Lenthall, born June, 1591, called to the bar at Lincoln’s Inn in 1616. He was chosen Speaker of Charles I’s second parliament of 1640, but was forced to vacate his chair by Cromwell’s forcible expulsion of the members from the House, 1653. He retired to the Rolls, having been sworn in Master of the Rolls in 1643. He was chosen Speaker of Cromwell’s second parliament in 1654. Cromwell made him one of his Lords, but when the Long Parliament resumed its sittings, he was induced again to take his seat as Speaker. He was three times Keeper of the Great Seal for short periods of time. After the Restoration he was in fear for his safety, but eventually he obtained the royal pardon, and died September 3rd, 1662. ↩

  149. Dr. Robert Mossum (afterwards Bishop of Derry). See January 8th, 1659⁠–⁠60. His name is sometimes written Mossum and sometimes Messum in the Diary. ↩

  150. Dr. Ralph Widdrington, Lady Margaret’s Professor and Public Orator, having been ejected from his fellowship by the Master and Fellows of Christ’s College, Cambridge, October 28th, 1661, sued out a mandamus to be restored to it; and the matter being referred to commissioners⁠—“The Bishop of London, the Lord Chancellor, and some of the judges”⁠—he obtained restitution. —⁠Kennett’s Register, p. 552 ↩

  151. John Herring, a Presbyterian minister, who was afterwards ejected from St. Bride’s, Fleet Street. His farewell sermon is described in the Diary under date August 17th, 1662. ↩

  152. Probably the Axe on the west side of King Street, Westminster, from the predecessor of which tavern Axe Yard, where Pepys lived, took its name. ↩

  153. Anne, daughter of John, first Lord Crew, married to Sir Harry Wright, Bart., M.P. She was sister to Lady Montagu. Lived till 1708. ↩

  154. Mrs. Michell, to whose shop in the Hall Pepys was a frequent visitor. ↩

  155. The Stone Gallery was a long passage between the Privy Garden and the river. It led from the Bowling Green to the Court of the Palace. ↩

  156. The scramble for ribbons, here mentioned by Pepys in connection with weddings (see also January 26th, 1660⁠–⁠61, and February 8th, 1662⁠–⁠63), doubtless formed part of the ceremony of undressing the bridegroom, which, as the age became more refined, fell into disuse. All the old plays are silent on the custom; the earliest notice of which occurs in the old ballad of the wedding of Arthur O’Bradley, printed in the Appendix to Robin Hood, 1795, where we read⁠—

    “Then got they his points and his garters,
    And cut them in pieces like martyrs;
    And then they all did play
    For the honour of Arthur O’Bradley.”

    Sir Winston Churchill also observes (Divi Britannici, p. 340) that James I was no more troubled at his querulous countrymen robbing him than a bridegroom at the losing of his points and garters. Lady Fanshawe, in her “Memoirs,” says, that at the nuptials of Charles II and the Infanta, “the Bishop of London declared them married in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost; and then they caused the ribbons her Majesty wore to be cut in little pieces; and as far as they would go, everyone had some.” The practice still survives in the form of wedding favours.

    A similar custom is still of every day’s occurrence at Dieppe. Upon the morrow after their marriage, the bride and bridegroom perambulate the streets, followed by a numerous cortege, the guests at the wedding festival, two and two; each individual wearing two bits of narrow ribbon, about two inches in length, of different colours, which are pinned crossways upon the breast. These morsels of ribbons originally formed the garters of the bride and bridegroom, which had been divided amidst boisterous mirth among the assembled company, the moment the happy pair had been formally installed in the bridal bed.⁠—Ex. inf. Mr. William Hughes, Belvedere, Jersey. —⁠B. ↩

  157. Robert Blackburne was Secretary to the Admiralty, with a salary of £250 a year, until the appointment of the Duke of York as Lord High Admiral in July, 1660. James Southerne, his clerk (afterwards clerk to Sir William Coventry), was Clerk of the Acts from 1677 till 1690, when he was appointed Secretary to the Admiralty. ↩

  158. Lieutenant Lambert was appointed captain of the Norwich in June, 1661. His death is mentioned by Pepys under date September 14th, 1665. ↩

  159. Samuel Cromleholme (or Crumlum), born in Wiltshire in 1618; Surmaster of St. Paul’s School, 1647; Head Master in 1657. He was a good scholar, and lost a valuable library when the school was burnt in the Great Fire. Died July 21st, 1672. ↩

  160. Tom Pepys the turner was son of Thomas Pepys, the elder brother of Samuel’s father. He had a shop in Bartholomew Fair in 1667. ↩

  161. Pepys’s uncle and aunt Wight are frequently mentioned in the Diary. ↩

  162. John Hewson, who, from a low origin, became a colonel in the Parliament army, and sat in judgment on the King: he escaped hanging by flight, and died in 1662, at Amsterdam. A curious notice of Hewson occurs in Rugge’s Diurnal, December 5th, 1659, which states that “he was a cobbler by trade, but a very stout man, and a very good commander; but in regard of his former employment, they [the city apprentices] threw at him old shoes, and slippers, and turniptops, and brickbats, stones, and tiles.”⁠ ⁠… “At this time [January, 1659⁠–⁠60] there came forth, almost every day, jeering books: one was called Colonel Hewson’s Confession; or, a Parley with Pluto, about his going into London, and taking down the gates of Temple-Bar.” He had but one eye, which did not escape the notice of his enemies. —⁠B. ↩

  163. Johannis Buxtorfii Thesaurus Grammaticus Linguæ Sanctæ Hebrææ, 1651, is in the Pepysian Library. ↩

  164. “Address to the King by his loyal subjects of the County of Northampton, 20 June, 1660.” Declarations came in from the nobility, knights, and gentry of the several counties, and most of these Declarations appeared before this one from Northampton. These broadsides are in the Library of the British Museum. ↩

  165. Thomas Crew, afterwards knighted, eldest son of John, afterwards Lord Crew, whom he succeeded in that title as second Lord. He died 1697. ↩

  166. William Jessop was Clerk of the Council under the Commonwealth, and Secretary to the Commissioners of Parliament for Accounts. ↩

  167. Fenner lived in Old Bailey. Pepys’s aunt Fenner died August 19th 1661, after twenty-eight years of married life, and his uncle married again in January, 1661⁠–⁠62; see January 19th. Uncle Fenner himself died May 24th, 1664. Their daughter Kate married Anthony Joyce. ↩

  168. Robert Pepys of Brampton, whose will was proved August 23rd, 1661, uncle of Samuel. ↩

  169. Ellenor Pepys (baptized 1598) married George Becke of Lolworth, co. Cambridge. This cousin was probably one of their children. ↩

  170. The Crown was in Palace Yard. ↩

  171. George Montagu, fifth son of Henry, first Earl of Manchester, afterwards M.P. for Dover, and father of the first Earl of Halifax. He was youngest brother of Lord Manchester. ↩

  172. Mr. Sherwin was afterwards Clerk to the Tangier Committee, see January 17th, 1664⁠–⁠65. ↩

  173. A place of entertainment within or adjoining Westminster Hall. It is called in Hudibras, “False Heaven, at the end of the Hall.” There were two other alehouses near Westminster Hall, called Hell and Purgatory.

    “Nor break his fast
    In Heaven and Hell.”

    Ben Jonson’s Alchemist, act v Sc. 2

    ↩

  174. This is the beginning of the Marquis of Montrose’s verses on the execution of Charles I, which Pepys had set to music:

    “Great, good, and just, could I but rate
    My grief and thy too rigid fate,
    I’d weep the world to such a strain
    That it should deluge once again.
    But since thy loud-tongued blood demands supplies
    More from Briareus’ hands, than Argus’ eyes,
    I’ll sing thy obsequies with trumpet sounds,
    And write thy epitaph with blood and wounds.”

    ↩

  175. This may be the Hope Tavern, or more probably the reach of the Thames. ↩

  176. Gio. Torriano, M.A., a teacher of Italian in London, who edited a new edition of Florio’s Italian Dictionary. His Piazza Universale di Proverbi Italiani, published in 1666, is exceedingly rare, as the greater part of the impression was burnt in the Fire of London. ↩

  177. Colonel John Jones, impeached, with General Ludlow and Miles Corbet, for treasonable practices in Ireland. ↩

  178. Probably Edward Waterhouse, an heraldic and miscellaneous writer, styled by Lloyd “as the learned, industrious, and ingenious E. W. of Sion College.” His portrait was engraved by Loggan, and inserted in a book of his, entitled Fortescue Illustratus, folio, 1663; he died in 1670. ↩

  179. Polexandre, by Louis Le Roy de Gomberville, was first published in 1632. The History of Polexander was “done into English by W. Browne,” and published in folio, London, 1647. It was the earliest of the French heroic romances, and it appears to have been the model for the works of Calprenede and Mdlle. de Scudéry; see Dunlop’s History of Fiction for the plot of the romance. ↩

  180. Sir Harry Wright, M.P. for Harwich created a baronet by Cromwell, 1658, and by Charles II, 1660. He married Anne, daughter of the first Lord Crew, and sister to Sir E. Montagu’s wife, and resided at Dagenham, Essex. ↩

  181. Probably Judith Pepys, wife of J. Scott; see January 6th, 1659⁠–⁠60. ↩

  182. Thomas Fitch, colonel of a regiment of foot in 1658, M.P. for Inverness; also Lieutenant of the Tower. ↩

  183. Waterman White went to sea in May, 1661, and Pepys tried to get his place for Waterman Payne. ↩

  184. Roger Pepys, son of Talbot Pepys of Impington, a barrister of the Middle Temple, M.P. for Cambridge, 1661⁠–⁠78, and Recorder of that town, 1660⁠–⁠88. He married, for the third time, Parnell, daughter and heiress of John Duke, of Workingham, co. Suffolk, and this was the wedding for which the posy ring was required. ↩

  185. There were several Rhenish wine-houses in different parts of London. There was one in Cannon Row, and another on the east side of King Street, Westminster. This latter was about the middle of the street. There is a token of “John Garrew at ye old Renishe Wine house, King Street, Westminster,” 1668 (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 648). ↩

  186. It is supposed that the fashion of having mottoes inscribed on rings was of Roman origin. In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries the posy was inscribed on the outside of the ring, and in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries it was placed inside. A small volume was published in 1674, entitled Love’s Garland: Or Posies for Rings, Handkerchers and Gloves, and Such Pretty Tokens That Lovers Send Their Loves. ↩

  187. Links were torches of tow or pitch to light the way. Ed. ↩

  188. The Mercers Company as the patrons of St. Paul’s School. ↩

  189. Richard Cumberland, of St. Paul’s School, in his seventeenth year, was admitted a pensioner of Magdalene College in 1649, and in 1653 he was elected a Fellow of the College. In 1658 he got possession of the rectory of Brampton, but he was not legally instituted till 1661. He was presented to the rectory of All Saints, Stamford, in 1668. See Diary, March 18th, 1667, where Pepys writes: “The truth is, if he would accept of my sister’s fortune, I should give £100 more with him than to a man able to settle her four times as much as, I fear, he is able to do.” He dedicated his work on Jewish measures, 1686, to the Hon. S. Pepys, “for that good affection being begun in your youth thirty years ago in Magdalene College, Cambridge.” He was made Bishop of Peterborough 1691, and died 1719, aged 86. ↩

  190. “Feb. 6th. General Monk being in his lodgings at Whitehall, had notice that the House had a desire to see him. He came into the Court of Wards, and being there, the Sergeant-at-Arms went to meet him with the mace, and his Lordship attended the Sergeant, who went before him with the mace on his shoulder, being accompanied with Mr. Scott and Mr. Robinson.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    ↩

  191. His shop was in St. Paul’s Churchyard. See ante, January 24th, 1659⁠–⁠60. ↩

  192. John Colet, Dean of St. Paul’s, born 1466, died September 16th, 1519. ↩

  193. “Fox, or some other ‘weighty’ friend, on hearing of this, complained to Monk, who issued the following order, dated March 9th: ‘I do require all officers and soldiers to forbear to disturb peaceable meetings of the Quakers, they doing nothing prejudicial to the Parliament or the Commonwealth of England. George Monk.’ This order, we are told, had an excellent effect on the soldiers.”

    A. C. Bickley’s George Fox and the Early Quakers, London, 1884, p. 179

    The Quakers were at this time just coming into notice. The first preaching of George Fox, the founder, was in 1648, and in 1655 the preachers of the sect numbered seventy-three. Fox computed that there were seldom less than a thousand quakers in prison. The statute 13 and 14 Car. II cap. i (1662) was “An act for preventing the mischiefs and dangers that may arise by certain persons called quakers and others, refusing to take lawful oaths.” Billing is mentioned again on July 22nd, 1667, when he addressed Pepys in Westminster Hall. ↩

  194. Private cryptic code⁠—Ed. ↩

  195. Oliver St. John, born about 1598 called to the Bar as a member of Lincoln’s Inn, 1626; M.P. for Totnes, 1640; Solicitor-General, January, 1640⁠–⁠1; Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, 1648, and afterwards Lord Chief Justice of the Upper Bench. He died December 31st, 1673. His first wife, Johanna Altham, was aunt to Oliver Cromwell and to John Hampden. His second wife was Elizabeth Cromwell, first cousin to Oliver. ↩

  196. College Entry Book, Junij 27, 1651: “Thomas ffossan, filius Thomæ ffossan, civis Londinensis, annum agens decimū Septimū e schola de St. Mary Axe apud Londinenses, admissus est Pensionarius, tutore Dno. Moreland.” —⁠M. B. ↩

  197. The Rev. Charles Carter, a minister in Huntingdonshire; see December 23rd, 1660. ↩

  198. John Thurloe, born 1616; Secretary of State to Cromwell; M.P. for Ely, 1656, and for the University of Cambridge in Richard Cromwell’s Parliament of December, 1658. He was never employed after the Restoration, although the King solicited his services. He died February 21st, 1668. Pepys spells the name Thurlow, which was a common spelling at the time. ↩

  199. Balthasar St. Michel. Pepys seems to have done well for his brother-in-law in later life, although, from the entries in the Diary, he does not appear to have had a high opinion of him. St. Michel was Muster Master at Deale in 1674, Storekeeper at Tangier in 1681, and Naval Commissioner at Deptford in 1685. ↩

  200. This was a constant trouble to the pedestrian until the rule of passing to the right of the person met was generally accepted. Gay commences his Trivia with an allusion to this⁠—

    “When to assert the wall, and when resign⁠—”

    and the epigram on the haughty courtier and the scholar is well known. ↩

  201. The King’s Bench was called the Upper Bench at the time of the Commonwealth, when the word King was abolished universally. ↩

  202. Sir Robert Pye, the elder, was auditor of the Exchequer, and a staunch Royalist. He garrisoned his house at Faringdon, which was besieged by his son, of the same names, a decided Republican, son-in-law to Hampden, and colonel of horse under Fairfax. The son, here spoken of, was subsequently committed to the Tower for presenting a petition to the House of Commons from the county of Berks, which he represented in Parliament, complaining of the want of a settled form of government. He had, however, the courage to move for an habeas corpus, but judge Newdigate decided that the courts of law had not the power to discharge him. Upon Monk’s coming to London, the secluded members passed a vote to liberate Pye, and at the Restoration he was appointed equerry to the King. He died in 1701. —⁠B. ↩

  203. Richard, fifth Earl of Dorset, died 1677. ↩

  204. This was the Sackville College for the poor, at East Grinstead, founded by Robert Sackville, second Earl of Dorset, who died in 1608. There is a good account of Sackville College in the Gentleman’s Magazine for December, 1848. —⁠B. ↩

  205. The Court of Wards and Liveries was first erected in the reign of Henry VIII for the administration of the estates of the king’s wards during their minority, and for delivery of seizin upon coming of age. The court was practically put an end to by the Long Parliament (by resolution of both houses), and was abolished 12 Car. II. ↩

  206. Sir Thomas Widdrington and Sergeants Thomas Tyrrell and John Fountaine had just been appointed Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal. ↩

  207. There are tokens of George Bryan at the Sugar Loaf without Temple Bar (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 761). ↩

  208. The quaker mentioned before on the 7th of this month. ↩

  209. Thomas Allen, afterwards created a baronet. ↩

  210. Matthew Lock, the famous composer, was a native of Exeter and a chorister in the cathedral of that city. He was employed to write some triumphal music for performance during the King’s progress from the Tower to Whitehall. After which he was appointed composer in ordinary to the King. The music to Macbeth, associated with his name, is by many attributed to Purcell. Lock became a Roman Catholic, and resigning his appointment at the Chapel Royal was made organist to the Queen at Somerset House. He died in August, 1677. ↩

  211. The Committee of Public Safety consisted of the following members: Fleetwood, Lambert, Desborough, Steel, Whitelocke, Vane, Ludlow, Sydenham, Salloway, Strickland, Berry, Lawrence, Sir James Harrington, Johnston of Warriston, Henry Brandreth, Cornelius Holland, Colonels Hewson, Clarke, Bennet, and Lilburn. ↩

  212. Praise God Barebone (or Barbon), an active member of the Parliament called by his name. About this period he had appeared at the head of a band of fanatics, and alarmed Monk, who well knew his influence. He was a leather seller in Fleet Street. He died January, 1679⁠–⁠80, and was buried at St. Andrew’s, Holborn. ↩

  213. Thomas Scott, referred to on January 10th of this year, and Luke Robinson. Both were members of Parliament and of the Council of State. They were selected, as firm adherents of the Rump, to watch Monk’s proceedings. ↩

  214. An eminent merchant actively engaged in the African trade, and one of the farmers of the Customs. He had advanced large sums to assist Charles I, who knighted him, January 1st, 1641. He was elected member of Parliament for Winchelsea in the Long Parliament, but expelled February 2nd, 1641. He was one of the Commission sent to Charles II at Breda, and created a baronet April 16th, 1665. He died February 26th, 1665⁠–⁠6, and was buried in the church of St. Mildred, Bread Street. His mansion at Hammersmith stood on the site of Brandenburgh House. ↩

  215. The Star tavern was in Cheapside. ↩

  216. Described in Maitland’s History of London as a handsome bridge crossing the Strand, near the east end of Catherine Street, under which a small stream glided from the fields into the Thames, near Somerset House. ↩

  217. Where stands the church of St. Mary-le-Strand. ↩

  218. Nathaniel Holmes, D.D., of Exeter College, Oxford. He was the intruding incumbent of St. Mary Staining, London, and ejected by the Act of Uniformity, and died in 1676. He was a very learned, but voluminous and fanciful writer. A list of his works is given in Wood’s Athenæ (ed. Bliss), vol. iii, 1160. See also Kennett’s Register, p. 827. ↩

  219. Anne Clarges, said to be the daughter of a blacksmith, but a more distinguished parentage has been given to her brother. She was bred a milliner, and became first mistress of General Monk and afterwards (1654) his wife. It was said that when she married Monk she had a husband named Radford living. ↩

  220. Monk lodged at the Glasshouse in Broad Street. “Feb. 12, 1659⁠–⁠60, Monk drew up his forces in Finsbury, dined with the Lord Mayor, had conference with him and the Court of Aldermen, retired to the Bull Head in Cheapside, and quartered at the Glasshouse in Broad Street.” —⁠Whitelocke ↩

  221. Joseph Kirton was a bookseller in St. Paul’s Churchyard, at the sign of “The King’s Arms,” ruined by the Fire of London. His death, in October, 1667, is recorded in Smith’s Obituary, printed for the Camden Society. He was buried in St. Faith’s. ↩

  222. Edward Pepys of Broomsthorpe, co. Norfolk, and of the Middle Temple, born 1617; married Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress of John Walpole of Broomsthorpe. He was brother of Mrs. Turner, and died December 22nd, 1663. ↩

  223. Roger Pepys. ↩

  224. Pepys calls Charles Glasscock cousin under July 29th, 1661, but he was really no relation. He was brother-in-law of his first cousin’s wife (Judith Pepys, née Cutter). Glasscock lived in Fleet Street (see April 22nd, 1661). ↩

  225. John Playford (1623⁠–⁠1693), the music-seller, whose shop was in the Temple. His Introduction to the Skill of Music, first published in 1655, went through many editions. He was known as “Honest John Playford,” and was succeeded in his business by his son Henry. ↩

  226. The practice of choosing valentines was very general at this time, but some of the best examples of the custom are found in this Diary. ↩

  227. Thomas Lord Fairfax, mentioned before. He had succeeded to the Scotch barony of Fairfax of Cameron, on the death of his father in 1647; even after his accession to the title he is frequently styled “Sir Thomas” in the pamphlets and papers of the day. ↩

  228. Sir H. Vane the younger had married Frances, daughter of Sir Christopher Wray of Ashby, Lincolnshire Bart. ↩

  229. Roger Cuttance, a native of Weymouth, appointed captain of the Peace frigate in 1651, and to the Naseby in 1657. He was knighted, July 1st, 1665, after having in the battle of June 3rd mainly contributed to the defeat of the Dutch. He afterwards fell into disgrace. ↩

  230. Anne Pepys, of Worcestershire, married Mr. Fisher for her second husband. (See June 12th, 1662.) ↩

  231. Edward Walgrave (or Waldegrave) was the father of Jemima, wife of John Crew, afterwards Lord Crew. ↩

  232. Mr. Herring was a merchant in Colman Street. ↩

  233. Thomas Fuller’s Church History of Britain, London, 1656, folio, is in the Pepysian Library. ↩

  234. Kate, wife of Anthony Joyce, who kept the Three Stags at Holborn Conduit. ↩

  235. Nicholas Osborne, Mr. Gauden’s clerk. ↩

  236. Frances Butler, the great beauty, who is sometimes styled la belle Boteler. ↩

  237. “They were brought to the place of execution, which was at Charing Cross, and over against Somerset House in the Strand, where were two gibbets erected. These men were the grand actors in the mutinies at Gravesend, at Somerset House, and in St. James’ Fields.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    —⁠B. ↩

  238. Purl is hot beer flavoured with wormwood or other aromatic herbs. The name is also given to hot beer flavoured with gin, sugar, and ginger. ↩

  239. Thomas Gregory was, in 1672, Clerk of the Cheque at Chatham. ↩

  240. This pamphlet is among the Thomason Collection of Civil War Tracts (British Museum), and dated in MS. this same day, February 20th⁠—A Plea for Limited Monarchy as it was established in this Nation before the late War. In an Humble Address to his Excellency General Monck. By a Zealot for the good old Laws of his Country, before any Faction or Caprice, with additions. An Eccho to the Plea for Limited Monarchy, etc., was published soon afterwards. ↩

  241. Chancery Row must have been near the end of the hall where the Court of Chancery was situated. ↩

  242. This remarkable speech is given at length by Rugge, who adds that about fourscore of the secluded members attended the first meeting of the House. It is highly probable that Monk had ascertained that they were ready to support him, before he committed himself to the Parliament. —⁠B. ↩

  243. William Prynne, born 1600, well known by his voluminous publications, and the persecution which he endured. He was M.P. for Bath, 1660, and died October 24th, 1669. Appointed Keeper of Tower Records, 1660. ↩

  244. Matthew Lock, see ante, February 11th, 1659⁠–⁠60. Henry Purcell, father of the celebrated composer, was gentleman of the Chapel Royal, member of the Royal Band, singing-man at Westminster Abbey, master of the boys there, and music copyist. He died 1664. ↩

  245. Richard Brown, William Wilde, John Robinson, and William Vincent. ↩

  246. Sir George Booth of Dunham Massey, Bart., created Baron De la Mere, 1661, for his services in behalf of the King. At this time he was a prisoner in the Tower, from which he was released the next day. Died 1684. ↩

  247. Silas Taylor published The History of Gavel-Kind in 1663. ↩

  248. Richard Brown, a major-general of the Parliament forces, citizen of London and a woodmonger; Sheriff of London, 1647. He was imprisoned for five years, but in Richard Cromwell’s Parliament he was one of the members for London. He was one of the deputation from the City of London to Charles II at Breda, and he and his eldest son were knighted. Lord Mayor, 1660; he was created a baronet for his prompt action during Venner’s insurrection, and the City rewarded him with a pension of £500. He died September 24th, 1669. ↩

  249. Boiled salt beef. To powder was to sprinkle with salt, and the powdering tub a vessel in which meat was salted. ↩

  250. This support for the neck is mentioned on the previous February 1st, where Mrs. Scott and her husband are said to have promised to get it made. ↩

  251. William Pierrepoint, M.P. of Thoresby, second son to Robert, first Earl of Kingston, and known as “Wise” Pierrepoint. He died 1679, aged 71. ↩

  252. The old Falcon Inn is on the south side of Petty Cury. It is now divided into three houses, one of which is the present Falcon Inn, the other two being houses with shops. The Falcon yard is but little changed. From the size of the whole building it must have been the principal inn of the town. The room said to have been used by Queen Elizabeth for receptions retains its original form. —⁠M. B. ↩

  253. The Petty Cury. The derivation of the name of this street, so well known to all Cambridge men, is a matter of much dispute among antiquaries. (See Notes and Queries.) The most probable meaning of it is the Parva Cokeria, or little cury, where the cooks of the town lived, just as “The Poultry,” where the Poulters (now Poulterers) had their shops. The Forme of Cury, a Roll of Ancient English Cookery, was compiled by the principal cooks of that “best and royalest viander of all Christian Kings,” Richard the Second, and edited with a copious Index and Glossary by Dr. Samuel Pegge, 1780. —⁠M. B. ↩

  254. Extract from admission-book of Christ’s College, Cambridge:

    “Febr. 25°. 1660.

    “Johannes a Johanne Pepys Londini natus literas edoctus a Dno Crumbleholm Scholæ Paulinæ Moderatore annos natus 18 admissus est Sizator sub Mro. Widdrington.

    “Hic cum prius admissus est in Collegium Magdalense Maii 26to. ut ex literis testimonialibus constat ejusdem etiam anni apud nos habendus est.”

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  255. This might read “Pepys’s scholars,” but there do not appear to have been any such scholars. ↩

  256. Joseph Hill, a native of Yorkshire, chosen in 1649 Fellow of Magdalene College, and in 1659 University Proctor: he afterwards retired to London, and, according to Calamy, was offered a bishopric by Charles II, which he declined, disliking the terms of conformity and accepting a call to the English Church at Rotterdam in 1678, died there in 1707, aged 83.

    Nonconformists’ Memorial

    —⁠B. ↩

  257. Clement Zanchy, admitted at Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1648, and Foundation Fellow, 1654. At the College meetings he spelt his name “Zanchy,” at first, but in 1656 he changed it to “Sankey,” and it is sometimes spelt “Sanchy.” —⁠M. B. ↩

  258. Hezekiah Burton, of Lound, Nottinghamshire, pensioner of Magdalene College, 1647. His admission to a Wray Fellowship is curious:

    “Mar. 8. 1650.

    “Hezekias Burton in Artibus Baccalaureus hujus Collij, authoritate ordinationis Parliamentariæ, admissus est in sodalitium Mri. Johannis David, eadem authoritate vacant.”

    The last word is not quite clear. —⁠M. B. ↩

  259. Percival Angier. His affairs appear to have got into disorder at the end of 1663, and he became a bankrupt. He died in January, 1664⁠–⁠65, and was buried on the 19th of that month. ↩

  260. William Fairbrother, Fellow of King’s College, Cambridge, was made D.D. of Cambridge, per Regias litteras, in 1661. He was taken prisoner at the battle of Naseby while fighting on the King’s side, and sent to London. ↩

  261. A pamphlet by George Bate, M.D., first published anonymously in 1649, and frequently reprinted. It was translated into Italian and published at Venice in 1652. After the Restoration it was reprinted and a second part added. The following is the title: “Elenchus Motuum nuperorum in Anglia; simul ac juris Regii at Parlamentarii brevis enarratio. A. 2455 Lutetiæ Parisiorum pro R. R. An. Dom. 1649.” 12º. Address to the reader signed “Theodorus Veridicus.” “Elenchi Motuum Nuperorum in Anglia pars prima; simul ac Juris Regii & Parlamentarii brevis enarratio, ab autore Geor. Batio, M.D. Regiæ Majestatis Protomedico recognita & aucta Ære Christianæ Anno 1660. Londini typis J. Flesher & prostant apud R. Royston in Ivy Lane, 1661.” 8vo “Pars J. Secunda. Simul ac Regiæ Effugii mirabilis è Prætio Wigornia enarratio. Londini, 1663.” ↩

  262. The Tripos or Bachelor of the Stool, who made the speech on Ash Wednesday, when the senior Proctor called him up and exhorted him to be witty but modest withal. Their speeches, especially after the Restoration, tended to be boisterous, and even scurrilous. “26 Martii 1669. Ds Hollis, fellow of Clare Hall is to make a public Recantation in the Bac. Schools for his Tripos speeche.” The Tripos verses still come out, and are circulated on Ash Wednesday. The list of successful candidates for honours is printed on the same paper, hence the term “Tripos” applied to it. ↩

  263. John Peachell, Vicar of Stanwick and Prebendary of Carlisle, made Master of Magdalene College, 1679, suspended from that office and deprived of the Vice-Chancellorship, May 7th, 1687, for refusing to admit Alban Francis, a Benedictine monk, to the degree of Master of Arts without his taking the oaths. He was restored by James II’s letter to the Mastership, October, 1688, and died 1690.

    A copy of Dr. Peachell’s sentence as it was fixed on the public School Doors and Magdalene College Gates:

    “By His Majesties Commissioners for Ecclesiastical Causes and for the Visitation of the University and of every Collegiate and Cathedral Churches, Colledges, Grammar Schools, Hospitals and other the like Incorporations, or Foundations or Societies.

    “Whereas John Peachell, Dr. of Divinity, Vice Chancellour of Cambridge, Master of Magdalen Colledge, in the said University, has been conveñd before us for his disobedience to his Majesties Royal Letters mandatory and other his contempts: and the said Dr. John Peachell having been fully heard thereupon, we have thought fit after mature consideration of the matter to declare, decree and pronounce that the said Dr. John Peachell, shall for the said disobedience and contempt, be deprived from being Vice Chancellour of the said University, and from all power of acting in the same: and also that he be suspended ab officio et beneficio of his Mastership of the said Colledge, during his Majesties pleasure: and accordingly we do by these presents deprive him the said Dr. John Peachell from being Vice Chancellour of the said University and from all power of acting in the same. And we also suspend him ab officio et beneficio of his Mastership of the said Colledge, peremptorily admonishing and requiring him hereby to abstain from the function of Master of the said Colledge, during the said suspension under pain of deprivation from his said Mastership. And we also further order and decree, that the profit and perquisites belonging to his, said Mastership, shall during the same suspension be applyed to the use and benefit of the said Colledge.

    “Given under our Seal, the 7th day of May 1687.”

    “Finis.”

    “I find in the first Lord Dartmouth’s manuscript notes on Bishop Burnet’s History, that Dr. Peachell afterwards starved himself to death, Archbishop Sancroft having rebuked him for setting an ill example in the University by drunkenness and other loose behaviour. He did penance by four days’ abstinence, after which he would have eaten but could not.”

    From the Master of Magdalene’s “private” book

    For his red nose, which made Pepys ashamed to be seen with him, see Diary, May 3rd, 1667. —⁠M. B. ↩

  264. The Rose Tavern opened on the Market Hill at the end of Rose Crescent. —⁠M. B. ↩

  265. Then the residence of James Howard, third Earl of Suffolk. It was built by Thomas, the first earl, at the commencement of the seventeenth century, and called after his maternal ancestor. Lord Chancellor Audley, to whom the monastery of Walden, the site of which is occupied by the present house, had been granted at the Dissolution. —⁠B. ↩

  266. The inscription and the bowl are still to be seen at King Edward VI’s almshouses, Saffron Walden. There is an engraving and description of this bowl in Mr. W. H. St. John Hope’s paper, “On the English Medieval Drinking Bowls Called Mazers,” in Archæologia, vol. 1 (p. 163 and plate xiii). ↩

  267. Royal Exchange. ↩

  268. Edward Reynolds, D.D., Preacher of Lincoln’s Inn; Dean of Christ Church, 1648⁠–⁠50; Bishop of Norwich, 1660⁠–⁠1676. He died July 28th, 1676, aged 76. The sermon which Pepys heard was printed, and has the following title: “The Wall and Glory of Jerusalem, in a Sermon preached in St. Paul’s Church, London, before the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor, Lord General, Aldermen, Common Council and Companies of the Honourable City of London, February 28, 1659, being a day of solemn Thanksgiving unto God for restoring the Parliament and Common Council and for preserving the City. By Edward Reynolds, D.D. London, 1660.” ↩

  269. Grocers’ Hall was the scene of many important occurrences during the period of the Great Rebellion. This was the first hall on the present site between the Poultry and Princes Street, which was built in 1427. The second hall was built after the Great Fire, and the present one was opened in 1802. ↩

  270. Changed his dress. ↩

  271. William Howe is frequently mentioned in the Diary, and he appears more than once to have got into trouble. He is mentioned as Deputy Treasurer of the Navy, under date September 18th, 1665. ↩

  272. As the Greyhound is mentioned so soon after the Plough it also may have been in Fleet Street. See November 12th, 1661. ↩

  273. Probably Joyce Norton, see ante, January 7th, 1659⁠–⁠60. ↩

  274. A liquor made of honey and water, boiled and fermenting. By 12 Charles II cap. 23, a grant of certain impositions upon beer, ale, and other liquors, a duty of ½d. per gallon was laid upon “all metheglin or mead.” ↩

  275. Thomas Crew, eldest son of John, afterwards first Lord Crew. ↩

  276. Son of Sir Christopher Yelverton, the first baronet, grandson of Sir Henry Yelverton, Judge C.P., author of the Reports. He married Susan, Baroness Grey de Ruthyn, which title descended to his issue. His son was afterwards advanced to the dignity of Viscount Longueville, and his grandson to the earldom of Sussex. The Yelverton Collection of MSS. belongs to Lord Calthorpe, whose ancestor married a daughter of the first Viscount Longueville. —⁠B. ↩

  277. Probably the Sun Tavern in King Street, Westminster (see August 3rd, 1668). There is a token of this house described in Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 649. ↩

  278. The Leg tavern in King Street appears to have been a house of good resort. It is mentioned in Burton’s Diary as the scene of a dinner of the Clothworkers’ Company, December 18th, 1656, who had then a cause before the House of Commons. Pepys frequently visited it. ↩

  279. Charles II, or George Monk, or Richard Cromwell. ↩

  280. Compare a letter of Mr. Luttrell to Ormond, March 9th, 1660, in Carte’s Letters, vol. ii p. 312:

    “Yesterday there was a debate about the form of the dissolution, when Mr. Prynne asserted the King’s right in such bold language that I think he may be styled the Cato of this age.”

    Notes and Queries, vol. x p. 2

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  281. John Creed of Oundle, Esq. From the way in which Pepys speaks of his friend, he was probably of humble origin, and nothing is known of his history previously to the Restoration, when he seems to have been a retainer in the service of Sir Edward Montagu. In 1662 he was made Secretary to the Commissioners for Tangier, and in 1668 he married Elizabeth Pickering, the niece of his original patron, by whom he had eleven children. Major Richard Creed, the eldest son, who was killed at the battle of Blenheim, lies buried in Tichmarsh Church, in Northamptonshire, where there is also a monument erected to his father, describing him as “of Oundle,” and as having served King Charles II in divers honourable employments at home and abroad, lived with honour, and died lamented, A.D. 1701. What these employments were cannot now be ascertained. There exists still a cenotaph to the memory of the major in Westminster Abbey. Mrs. Creed, wife of John Creed of Oundle, Esq., was the only daughter of Sir Gilbert Pickering, Bart., by Elizabeth, only daughter of Sir Edward Montagu, and sister of Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich. See Malone’s Life of Dryden, p. 339. —⁠B. ↩

  282. Warwick House, on the north side of Holborn, a little to the west of Gray’s Inn Gate. It had given place to Warwick Court in 1708. ↩

  283. Edward Montagu, second Earl of Manchester, the Parliamentary General, afterwards particularly instrumental in the King’s Restoration, became Chamberlain of the Household, K.G., a Privy Councillor, and Chancellor of the University of Cambridge. He died in 1671, having been five times married. ↩

  284. Sir Dudley North, K.B., became the fourth Lord North on the death of his father in 1666. He died 1677. ↩

  285. John, third son of William, first Viscount Say and Sele, and one of Oliver’s Lords. ↩

  286. George, fourteenth Lord Berkeley of Berkeley, created Viscount Dursley and Earl of Berkeley, 1679. There were at this time two Lord Berkeleys, each possessing a town house called after his name, which misled Pennant. George, fourteenth Lord Berkeley of Berkeley, advanced to an earldom in 1679, the peer here spoken of, lived at Berkeley House, in the parish of St. John’s, Clerkenwell, which had been in his family for three generations, and he had a country-seat at Durdans, near Epsom, mentioned by Evelyn and Pepys. He presented the library of his uncle, Sir Robert Coke, to Sion College, and that institution possesses a painted portrait of the earl in his robes. He died October 14th, 1698. The other nobleman, originally known as Sir John Berkeley, and in the service of Charles I, created in 1658 Baron Berkeley of Stratton, subsequently filled many high offices in the State. See post, July 12th, 1660. ↩

  287. There is a token of “Edmund Browne at the Pall Mall,” on which he describes himself as “Strong water man” (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 694). ↩

  288. Charles X, Gustavus, King of Sweden, died on February 3rd, 1659⁠–⁠60 (see March 8th). ↩

  289. Orpheus’ hymn, “King of Heaven and Hell and Sea and Earth,” by Henry Lawes, is printed in The Second Book of Ayres and Dialogues. London (Playlord), 1655. ↩

  290. The theorbo was a bass lute. Having gut strings it was played with the fingers. There is a humorous comparison of the long waists of ladies, which came into fashion about 1621, with the theorbo, by Bishop Corbet:

    “She was barr’d up in whale-bones, that did leese
    None of the whale’s length, for they reached her knees;
    Off with her head, and then she hath a middle
    As her waste stands, just like the new found fiddle,
    The favourite Theorbo, truth to tell ye,
    Whose neck and throat are deeper than the belly.”

    Corbet, Iter Boreale

    ↩

  291. There is a token of the Salutation at Billingsgate (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 531). ↩

  292. The body of Poor Knights of Windsor was founded by Edward III. The intention of the king with regard to the poor knights was to provide relief and comfortable subsistence for such valiant soldiers as happened in their old age to fall into poverty and decay. On September 20th, 1659, a Report having been read respecting the Poor Knights of Windsor, the House “ordered that it be referred to a Committee, to look into the revenue for maintenance of the Poor Knights of Windsor,” etc. (See Tighe and Davis’s Annals of Windsor.) ↩

  293. John Goods. He went to sea with Sir Edward Montagu. ↩

  294. The Swiftsure was a second-rate of sixty guns, built at Woolwich in 1654 by Christopher Pett. ↩

  295. The Nazeby was commanded by Captain, afterwards Sir Richard Stayner. It was a first-rate of eighty guns, built at Woolwich in 1655 by Christopher Pett. ↩

  296. Major-General Overton was committed to the Tower in 1649, 1655, and in December, 1660. ↩

  297. See note 359, where it is stated that Monk had dined at nine of the halls. ↩

  298. Evelyn, about the same date (August 9th, 1661), “tried several experiments on the sensitive plant and humilis, which contracted with the least touch of the sun through a burning glass, though it rises and opens only when it shines on it.” ↩

  299. The Angel tavern in King Street, Westminster. A token of this house, kept by Will. Carter, is described in Boyne’s Trade Tokens, by Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 647. ↩

  300. The Cock alehouse at Temple Bar was originally called the Cock and Bottle, and dates back to the reign of James I. It was pulled down in 1882. There is a very scarce token of the house, dated 1665 (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 762). ↩

  301. The Sun Tavern behind the Royal Exchange was a famous house in its day. A token of it is described in Boyne’s Trade Tokens, by Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 591. It was rebuilt by John Wadlow after the Great Fire. ↩

  302. Brampton in Huntingdonshire, where Pepys was probably born, and where his father afterwards retired. ↩

  303. John Pepys, younger brother of Samuel; Paulina, sister of Samuel, afterwards Mrs. Jackson. ↩

  304. Richard Hutchinson was Deputy Treasurer to Sir Henry Vane, whom he succeeded as Treasurer of the Navy in 1651. He continued to hold the office until the Restoration. ↩

  305. There were several Dog taverns in London, but the one at Westminster mentioned by Pepys was the famous tavern in King Street, which was frequented previously by Ben Jonson. It was chiefly resorted to by Cavaliers. There is a token of the “Black Dog” (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 649). ↩

  306. Charles X, Gustavus, son of John Casimir, Count Palatine of the Rhine. He succeeded his cousin Christina, who resigned the crown in 1654. ↩

  307. The Painted Chamber, or St. Edward’s Chamber, in the old Palace at Westminster. The first name was given to it from the curious paintings on the walls, and the second from the tradition that Edward the Confessor died in it. ↩

  308. This is the first notice in the Diary of the Navy Office in Crutched Friars. ↩

  309. His father was a tailor, and this was his cutting-out room. ↩

  310. Mr. Bowyer, of Huntsmore, Bucks, was an old friend of Pepys, and, according to a habit of the time, he sometimes styled him father (see November 7th, 1660). This misled Lord Braybrooke into supposing that he was Mrs. Pepys’s stepfather. ↩

  311. Daniel Rawlinson, the Royalist host of the Mitre in Fenchurch Street. ↩

  312. Thomas Hater appears to have been a clerk at the Navy Office before Pepys went there. In July, 1660, he became Pepys’s clerk; in 1674 he was appointed Clerk of the Acts, and in 1679 Secretary of the Admiralty. ↩

  313. Huntsmore, a hamlet belonging to Iver, in which parish Robert Bowyer founded a free school about 1750. —⁠Lysons’ Hist. of Bucks, p. 587 ↩

  314. The Speaker was renamed the Mary after the Restoration. It was built at Woolwich by Christopher Pett in 1649. It was a third-rate of fifty-four guns and 395 tonnage. ↩

  315. Clement Clerke of Lawnde Abbey, co. Leicester, created a baronet in 1661. ↩

  316. Robert Montagu, Viscount Mandeville, eldest son of the Earl of Manchester, whom he succeeded in 1671. ↩

  317. Robert Bernard, created a baronet in 1662, served in Parliament for Huntingdon, before and after the Restoration, and died in 1666. His son and successor, Sir John Bernard, the second baronet, at the time of his death, in 1669, was one of the knights of the shire for the county of Huntingdon. The inscription upon his monument in Brampton Church is given in the Topographer and Genealogist, vol. i p. 113. Sir Nicholas Pedley, who was also burgess for Huntingdon, married a daughter of Sir Robert Bernard. —⁠B. ↩

  318. John Burr, the clerk who accompanied Pepys to sea. ↩

  319. The Rolls Chapel, where were kept the rolls and records of the Court of Chancery until the erection of the Record Office in Fetter Lane in 1856. ↩

  320. On February 28th Pepys styles the Royal Exchange the Old Exchange; now it is the Great Exchange. ↩

  321. “Then the writing in golden letters, that was engraven under the statue of Charles I, in the Royal Exchange (Exit tyrannus, Regum ultimus, anno libertatis Angliae, anno Domini 1648, Januarie xxx.) was washed out by a painter, who in the day time raised a ladder, and with a pot and brush washed the writing quite out, threw down his pot and brush and said it should never do him any more service, in regard that it had the honour to put out rebels’ handwriting. He then came down, took away his ladder, not a misword said to him, and by whose order it was done was not then known. The merchants were glad and joyful, many people were gathered together, and against the Exchange made a bonfire.

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    In the Thomason Collection of Civil War Tracts at the British Museum is a pamphlet which is dated in MS. March 21st, 1659⁠–⁠60, where this act is said to be by order of Monk: “The Loyal Subjects Teares for the Sufferings and Absence of their Sovereign Charles II, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland; with an Observation upon the expunging of Exit Tyrannus, Regum ultimus, by order of General Monk, and some Advice to the Independents, Anabaptists, Phanatiques, etc. London, 1660.” ↩

  322. The Harp was a sixth-rate of eight guns, built at Dublin in 1656. ↩

  323. Laud Crisp was afterwards page to Lady Sandwich. ↩

  324. Thomas Blagrave was one of the Gentlemen of the Royal Chapel, and a cornet-player of repute. ↩

  325. Major Richard Creed, who commanded a troop under Lambert when that general surrendered to Ingoldsby: see April 24th following. He was imprisoned with the rest of the officers, but his name does not recur in the Diary, nor is it known whether he was related to John Creed, so frequently mentioned hereafter. ↩

  326. Foy. A feast given by one who is about to leave a place. In Kent, according to Grose, a treat to friends, either at going abroad or coming home. See Diary, November 25th, 1661. ↩

  327. Monteeres, montero (Spanish), a kind of huntsman’s cap. ↩

  328. In the MS. there is the following note appended to this: “In an error here, for I did not take leave of them till the next day.” ↩

  329. “In this month the wind was very high, and caused great tides, so that great hurt was done to the inhabitants of Westminster, King Street being quite drowned. The Maidenhead boat was cast away, and twelve persons with her. Also, about Dover the waters brake in upon the mainland; and in Kent was very much damage done; so that report said, there was £20,000 worth of harm done.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    —⁠B. ↩

  330. William, second son of Edward, first Lord Montagu of Boughton, and first cousin to Sir Edward Montagu. He was appointed Lord Chief Baron 1676. Died 1707, aged 89. ↩

  331. There is a token of the Pope’s Head tavern in Chancery Lane described in Boyne’s Trade Tokens, by Williamson, 1889, vol. i p. 554. ↩

  332. The name Mary-le-bone has been corrupted from St. Mary-le-bourne, but this is a still further corruption, and an amazing instance of popular etymology. ↩

  333. Sir Sidney Montagu, brother of the first Earl of Manchester, and the father of “my Lord,” had married for his second wife one of the Isham family, of Lamport. ↩

  334. Long Reach, between Erith and Gravesend. ↩

  335. Vice-Admiral John Lawson, knighted by Charles II in September, 1660. ↩

  336. Edmund Ibbott, S.T.B., chaplain of the ship, in 1662 made rector of Deale. Died 1677. ↩

  337. Captain Roger Cuttance, commander of the Naseby, afterwards the Charles. ↩

  338. A reach of the Thames near Tilbury. ↩

  339. “A small hole or port cut either in the deck or side of a ship, generally for ventilation. That in the deck is a small hatchway.”

    Smyth’s Sailor’s Word-Book

    ↩

  340. Robin Clerke, Captain of the Speaker, afterwards the Mary. ↩

  341. John Bernard and Nicholas Pedley, reelected in the next Parliament. The latter had been a Commissioner of the Wine Office. Sir Edward Montagu had set up Lord Mandeville, the Earl of Manchester’s eldest son, and Mr. G. Montagu, as candidates. See ante, March 14th. ↩

  342. Sir E. Montagu’s flag was on board the Naseby when he went to the Sound in 1658. ↩

  343. Mr. Hill, who was a neighbour of Pepys’s in Axe Yard, is mentioned again under date August 5th, 1660, when Pepys sat in his pew at St. Margaret’s, Westminster. ↩

  344. Younger brother of Sir Gilbert Pickering, Bart, born 1618, and bred to the law; and in 1681 a resident in Lincoln’s Inn. He married Dorothy, one of the daughters of Sir John Weld of Arnolds, in Edmonton, Middlesex, and died in 1698, s.p.s.; his widow survived till December, 1707. Roger North (Life of Lord Keeper Guildford, 1742, p. 58) has drawn a very unfavourable picture of Edward Pickering, calling him a subtle fellow, a money-hunter, a great trifler, and avaricious, but withal a great pretender to Puritanism, frequenting the Rolls’ Chapel, and most busily writing the sermon in his hat, that he might not be seen. We learn from the same authority that Sir John Cutts of Childerley, having left his aunt, Mrs. Edward Pickering, an estate worth £300 per annum, for ninety-nine years, if she should so long live, her husband, who was the executor, erased from the will the words of reference to her life, with intention to possess himself of the property for the term, absolutely, which fraud being suspected, the question was tried in a court of law, and the jury without hesitation found Pickering the author of the erasure, before the publication of the will. —⁠B. ↩

  345. Edward Montagu, eldest son of Edward, second Lord Montagu of Boughton, killed in the action in Bergen, 1665. ↩

  346. This is the first mention in the Diary of Admiral (afterwards Sir William) Penn, with whom Pepys was subsequently so particularly intimate. At this time admirals were sometimes styled generals. William Penn was born at Bristol in 1621, of the ancient family of the Penns of Penn Lodge, Wilts. He was Captain at the age of twenty-one; Rear-Admiral of Ireland at twenty-three; Vice-Admiral of England and General in the first Dutch war, at thirty-two. He was subsequently M.P. for Weymouth, Governor of Kingsale, and Vice-Admiral of Munster. He was a highly successful commander, and in 1654 he obtained possession of Jamaica. He was appointed a Commissioner of the Navy in 1660, in which year he was knighted. After the Dutch fight in 1665, where he distinguished himself as second in command under the Duke of York, he took leave of the sea, but continued to act as a Commissioner for the Navy till 1669, when he retired to Wanstead, on account of his bodily infirmities, and dying there, September 16th, 1670, aged forty-nine, was buried in the church of St. Mary Redcliffe, in Bristol, where a monument to his memory was erected. ↩

  347. Gray’s Thurrock, a market town on the Thames, in the county of Essex. ↩

  348. Balthasar St. Michel, Mrs. Pepys’s brother. ↩

  349. Reformado, “a broken or disbanded officer.” Boyer translates “Officier reformé, a reformado.” See Diary, October 1st, 1660. ↩

  350. John Stokes, or Stoakes, was captain of the Royal James. He died at Portsmouth, February, 1664⁠–⁠65. ↩

  351. Bardsey Isle, in Pwllheli district, Carnarvon. It lies at the northwest extremity of Cardigan Bay, and is famous for oysters, lobsters, and white fish. ↩

  352. Probably Edward Pickering, see note 344. ↩

  353. “A vessel of the galliot order, equipped with two masts, viz., the main and mizzenmasts, usually from 100 to 250 tons burden. Ketches were principally used as yachts for conveying great personages from one place to another.”

    Smyth’s Sailor’s Word-Book, 1867

    ↩

  354. The castles were Walmer, Sandgate, Sandwich, Deale, and Dover. ↩

  355. “A sort of chamber or apartment in a large ship of war, just before the great cabin. The floor of it is formed by the aftmost part of the quarter deck, and the roof of it by the poop: it is generally the habitation of the flag-captain.”

    Smyth’s Sailor’s Word-Book

    ↩

  356. Charles, who succeeded his father as second Earl of Norwich. He had been banished eleven years before by the Parliament for heading an army, and keeping the town of Colchester for the use of the King. At his first coming he went to the Council of State, and had leave to remain in London, provided he did not disturb the peace of the nation. —⁠Rugge’s Diurnal —⁠B. ↩

  357. The Hon. Robert Boyle, youngest son of Richard, first Earl of Cork. ↩

  358. Probably a miswriting for Sir John Boys, the celebrated Royalist commander, who was released from Dover Castle on February 23rd, 1659⁠–⁠60, having been imprisoned for petitioning for a free parliament. ↩

  359. “His Excellency had now dined at nine of the chief Halls; at every Hall there was after dinner a kind of stage-play, and many pretty conceits, and dancing and singing, and many shapes and ghosts, and the like, and all to please Lord Monk.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    —⁠B. ↩

  360. The manner of the escape of John Lambert, out of the Tower, on the 11th inst., as related by Rugge:⁠—“That about eight of the clock at night he escaped by a rope tied fast to his window, by which he slid down, and in each hand he had a handkerchief; and six men were ready to receive him, who had a barge to hasten him away. She who made the bed, being privy to his escape, that night, to blind the warder when he came to lock the chamber-door, went to bed, and possessed Colonel Lambert’s place, and put on his nightcap. So, when the said warder came to lock the door, according to his usual manner, he found the curtains drawn, and conceiving it to be Colonel John Lambert, he said, ‘Good night, my Lord.’ To which a seeming voice replied, and prevented all further jealousies. The next morning, on coming to unlock the door, and espying her face, he cried out, ‘In the name of God, Joan, what makes you here? Where is my Lord Lambert?’ She said, ‘He is gone; but I cannot tell whither.’ Whereupon he caused her to rise, and carried her before the officer in the Tower, and [she] was committed to custody. Some said that a lady knit for him a garter of silk, by which he was conveyed down, and that she received £100 for her pains.” —⁠B. ↩

  361. Captain, afterwards Admiral Sir Thomas Teddiman. ↩

  362. The Worcester (formerly the Dunkirk) was a third-rate of forty-eight guns, built at Woolwich in 1651 by Mr. Russell. ↩

  363. John Coppin was captain of the Lambert, afterwards the Henrietta. ↩

  364. Sir John Lawson (see ante, note 52). ↩

  365. Sir Richard Stayner, knighted and made a Vice-Admiral by Cromwell, 1657, and after the Restoration sent to command at Tangier till the Governor arrived. ↩

  366. Sir Edward Montagu afterwards recommended the Duke of York as High Admiral, to give regular and lawful commissions to the Commanders of the Fleet, instead of those which they had received from Sir Edward himself, or from the Rump Parliament.

    Kennett’s Register, p. 163

    ↩

  367. Thomas Wendy of Haselingfield. ↩

  368. Isaac Thornton of Smallwell. ↩

  369. He had represented Cambridgeshire in the preceding Parliament. ↩

  370. Of Bonnington and Sandwich, Gentleman of the Privy-Chamber to Charles I. He defended Donnington Castle, Berkshire, for the King against Jeremiah Horton, 1644, and received an augmentation to his arms in consequence. ↩

  371. A Major Norwood had been Governor of Dunkirk; and a person of the same name occurs as one of the esquires of the body at the Coronation of Charles II. Richard Norwood of Danes Court, in the Isle of Thanet, see December 1st, 1662. —⁠B. ↩

  372. Brielle, or Den Briel, a seaport town in the province of South Holland. ↩

  373. Pepys’s guess at E. Montagu’s business is confirmed by Clarendon’s account of his employment of him to negotiate with Lord Sandwich on behalf of the King. (History of the Rebellion, book xvi)⁠—Notes and Queries, vol. x p. 3 —⁠M. B. ↩

  374. Allhallows the Great, a church in Upper Thames Street. The old church destroyed in the Great Fire was also known as “Allhallows in the Ropery.” ↩

  375. As trustees for Sir Thomas Gresham, the founder of the Royal Exchange. ↩

  376. The Paradox was a sixth-rate of twelve guns. ↩

  377. “The Blacksmith” was the same tune as “Green Sleeves.” The earliest known copy of “The Praise of the Blacksmith” is in “An Antidote against Melancholy,” 1661. See Roxburghe Ballads, ed. W. Chappell, 1872, vol. ii p. 126. (Ballad Society.) ↩

  378. The London was a second-rate of sixty-four guns, built at Chatham in 1657 by Captain Taylor. ↩

  379. Colonel Richard Ingoldsby had been Governor of Oxford under his kinsman Cromwell. He signed the warrant for the execution of Charles I, but was pardoned for the service here mentioned, and made K.B. at the Coronation of Charles II. He afterwards retired to his seat at Lethenborough, Bucks, and died 1685. He was buried in the church of Hartwell, near Aylesbury. ↩

  380. Edward, second Earl of Manchester, whose father, Henry, first earl, had been chosen Speaker of the House of Lords in 1641. ↩

  381. Ancestor of the Earls of Verulam. He was made Master of the Rolls, November following. Born 1594, and died December 31st, 1683. ↩

  382. See ante, February 28th, 1659⁠–⁠60. ↩

  383. Of Easton Mauduit, Bart., grandson to the Attorney-General of both his names. Died 1679. ↩

  384. Of Long Stanton, co. Cambridge, Bart. ↩

  385. Of Allerton Maleverer, Yorkshire, Bart. ↩

  386. The King arrived at Breda on the 14th April. Sir W. Lower writes (Voyage and Residence of Charles II in Holland, p. 5): “Many considerations obliged him to depart the territories under the obedience of the King of Spain in this conjuncture of affairs.” ↩

  387. As there were several of this name it is impossible to say which Mr. Pett is meant. ↩

  388. Captain Thomas Sparling, of the Assistance. ↩

  389. In 1656 was published “The Yellow Book, or a serious letter sent by a private Christian to the Lady Consideration the first of May 1656, which she is desired to communicate in Hide Park to the Gallants of the Times a little after sunset. Also a brief account of the names of some vain persons that intend to be there.” ↩

  390. The Nonsuch was a fourth-rate of thirty-two guns, built at Deptford in 1646 by Peter Pett, jun. The captain was John Parker. ↩

  391. Captain Henry Cuttance, of the Cheriton, afterwards the Speedwell. ↩

  392. “His Majesty added thereunto an excellent Declaration for the safety and repose of those, who tortured in their consciences, for having partaken in the rebellion, might fear the punishment of it, and in that fear might oppose the tranquillity of the Estate, and the calling in of their lawful Prince. It is printed and published as well as the letter, but that shall not hinder me to say, that there was never seen a more perfect assemblage of all the most excellent natural qualities, and of all the venues, as well Royal as Christian, wherewith a great Prince may be endowed, than was found in those two wonderful productions.”

    Sir William Lower’s Relation⁠ ⁠… of the Voyage and Residence which⁠ ⁠… Charles II hath made in Holland, Hague, 1660, folio, p. 3

    ↩

  393. Of Pickering Lyth, in Yorkshire, M.P. for Scarborough; discharged from sitting in the House of Commons, July 21st, 1660. ↩

  394. Created Earl of Bath, 1661; son of Sir Bevil Grenville, killed at the battle of Lansdowne; he was, when a boy, left for dead on the field at the second battle of Newbury, and said to have been the only person entrusted by Charles II and Monk in bringing about the Restoration. ↩

  395. “The picture of King Charles II was often set up in houses, without the least molestation, whereas a while ago, it was almost a hanging matter so to do; but now the Rump Parliament was so hated and jeered at, that the butchers’ boys would say, ‘Will you buy any Parliament rumps and kidneys?’ And it was a very ordinary thing to see little children make a fire in the streets, and burn rumps.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    —⁠B. ↩

  396. Charles, eldest son of Dudley, afterwards fourth Lord North. On the death of his father in 1677 he became fifth Lord North. ↩

  397. “King Charles II his Declaration to all his loving Subjects of the Kingdome of England, dated from his Court at Breda in Holland 4/14 of April, 1660, and read in Parliament with his Majesties Letter of the same date to his Excellence the Ld. Gen. Monck to be communicated to the Ld. President of the Council of State and to the Officers of the Army under his Command. London, Printed by W. Godbid for John Playford in the Temple, 1660.” 40, pp. 8. ↩

  398. John Hayward was captain of the Plymouth. Thomas Binns commanded the Essex. ↩

  399. When only seventeen years old, Montagu had married Jemima, daughter of John Crew, created afterwards Baron Crew of Stene. ↩

  400. See the letter printed in Lister’s Life of Lord Clarendon, vol. iii p. 404. It is dated 4th May. ↩

  401. Philip, fifth Earl of Pembroke, and second Earl of Montgomery, died 1669. Clarendon says, “This young earl’s affections were entire for his Majesty.” ↩

  402. William, second Earl of Salisbury. After Cromwell had put down the House of Peers, he was chosen a member of the House of Commons, and sat with them. Died 1668. ↩

  403. Schevingen, the port of the Hague. ↩

  404. Hellevoetsluis, in South Holland. ↩

  405. Thomas Clarges, physician to the army, created a baronet, 1674, died 1695. He had been previously knighted; his sister Anne married General Monk.

    “The Parliament also permitted General Monk to send Mr. Clarges, his brother-in-law, accompanied with some officers of the army, to assure his Majesty of the fidelity and obedience of the army, which had made public and solemn protestations thereof, after the Letter and Declaration was communicated unto them by the General.”

    Sir William Lower’s Relation⁠ ⁠… of the Voyage and Residence which⁠ ⁠… Charles II hath made in Holland, Hague, 1660, folio

    ↩

  406. Entendimiento, Spanish: the understanding. ↩

  407. Kate Fenner married Anthony Joyce. ↩

  408. Third son of Spencer, Earl of Northampton, a Privy Councillor and Master of the Ordnance, ob. 1663, aged 39. When only eighteen years of age, he had charged with his gallant father at the battle of Edgehill. His mother was first cousin to George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, and to John Ashburnham; and his great uncle, Sir Thomas Compton, had been the third husband of the Duke’s mother, Mary, Countess of Buckingham. —⁠B. ↩

  409. Waistcloths are the painted canvas coverings of the hammocks which are stowed in the waist-nettings. ↩

  410. A set or company of musicians, an expression constantly used by old writers without any disparaging meaning. It is sometimes applied to voices as well as to instruments. ↩

  411. Henry, eldest son of Lord Bellasis, made K.B. at Charles II’s coronation. ↩

  412. Sir Thomas Leventhorpe, Bart., married Mary, daughter of Sir Capell Bedell, Bart. Died 1671. ↩

  413. Colonel, afterwards Sir Philip Honywood, son of Robert Honywood of Charing, Kent. ↩

  414. Colonel Silas Titus, Gentleman of the Bedchamber to Charles II, author of Killing No Murder. ↩

  415. The jurats of the Cinque Ports answered to the aldermen of other towns. ↩

  416. Sir Peter Killigrew, Knight, of Arwenack, Cornwall, was known as “Peter the Post,” from the alacrity with which he despatched “like wild fire” all the messages and other commissions entrusted to him in the King’s cause. His son Peter, who succeeded his uncle as second baronet in 1665, was M.P. for Camelford in 1660. ↩

  417. Afterwards Sir William Sanderson, gentleman of the chamber, author of the History of Mary Queen of Scots, James I, and Charles I His wife, Dame Bridget, was mother of the maids. ↩

  418. Heneage Finch, second Earl of Winchelsea, constituted by General Monk Governor of Dover Castle, July, 1660; made Lord Lieutenant of Kent, and afterwards ambassador to Turkey. Died 1689. ↩

  419. Sir Edward Montagu’s eldest son, afterwards second Earl of Sandwich, called by Pepys “The child.” ↩

  420. John Maitland, second Earl, and afterwards created Marquis of March, Duke of Lauderdale, and Earl of Guilford (in England), and K.G. He became sole Secretary of State for Scotland in 1661, and was a Gentleman of his Majesty’s Bedchamber, and died in 1682, s.p. —⁠B. ↩

  421. “Ordered that General Montagu do observe the command of His Majesty for the disposing of the fleet, in order to His Majesty’s returning home to England to his kingly government: and that all proceedings in law be in His Majesty’s name.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    —⁠B. ↩

  422. Mr. Pitts was secretary to Sir J. Lawson, Vice-Admiral. ↩

  423. “Ordered that General Montagu do observe the command of His Majesty for the disposing of the fleet, in order to His Majesty’s returning home to England to his kingly government: and that all proceedings in law be in His Majesty’s name.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    —⁠B. ↩

  424. Timothy Clarke, M. D., one of the original Fellows of the Royal Society. He was appointed one of the physicians in ordinary to Charles II on the death of Dr. Quartermaine in 1667. ↩

  425. John, fourteenth Earl of Crauford, restored in 1661 to the office of High Treasurer of Scotland, which he had held eight years under Charles I. —⁠B. ↩

  426. William, Lord Cavendish, afterwards fourth Earl and first Duke of Devonshire. ↩

  427. Robert and Edward Bertie, two of the surviving sons of Robert, first Earl of Lindsay, killed at Edgehill. Their mother was Elizabeth, only child of Edward, first Lord Montagu of Boughton; they were, therefore, nearly connected with Sir E. Montagu, and with Pepys, in some degree. —⁠B. ↩

  428. Probably Thomas Dalmahoy, who had married the Duchess Dowager of Hamilton: see (infra) Speaker Onslow’s note to Burnet. The husband of the loyal Duchess would be naturally one of the first to welcome the King; and Onslow says he was in the interest of the Duke of York:

    “Lord Middleton retired, after his disgrace, to the Friary, near Guildford, to one Dalmahoy there, a genteel, generous man, who was of Scotland: had been Gentleman of the Horse to William Duke of Hamilton (killed at the battle of Worcester); married that Duke’s widow; and by her had this house, etc. This man, Dalmahoy, being much in the interest of the Duke of York, and a man to be relied upon, and long a candidate for the town of Guildford, at the election of the Parliament after the Long one, in 1678, and being opposed, I think, by the famous Algernon Sidney, the Duke of York came from Windsor to Dalmahoy’s house, to countenance his election, and appeared for him in the open court, when the election was taken.”

    Note to Burnet’s O. T., vol. i p. 350

    ↩

  429. Dr. Timothy Clarke. See note 424. ↩

  430. The Lark carried ten guns and forty men. Its captain was Thomas Levidge. ↩

  431. Samuel Morland, son of the Rev. Thomas Morland, of Sulhamstead Banister, near Reading, Berks, was born about 1625. He was educated at Winchester School, whence he removed to Magdalene College, Cambridge; admitted to a scholarship, July 8th, 1645; to a quinquennial fellowship, November 30th, 1649; and to a foundation fellowship, September 24th, 1651. One of the fellows who signed Pepys’s admission entry, October 1st, 1650. He became afterwards one of Thurloe’s undersecretaries, and was employed in several embassies, particularly to the Vaudois, by Cromwell, whose interests he betrayed, by secretly communicating with Charles II. He published in 1658, in a folio volume, his History of the Evangelical Churches of the Valleys of Piemont. He was knighted at Breda, and afterwards created a baronet. He was an ingenious mechanic, and made some improvements in the steam engine. At the Restoration he was made Master of Mechanics to Charles II, who presented him with a medal as an “honourable badge of his signal loyalty.” He subsequently received a pension of £400, but he sold it for ready money. He died December 30th, 1695, and was buried in Hammersmith church on the 6th of the following January. His MSS. are at Cambridge, in the Public Library.

    “We think to relate here, as a thing most remarkable that the same day Mr. Moorland, Chief Commissioner under Mr. Thurlo, who was Secretary of Estate under Oliver Cromwell, his chief and most confident minister of his tyranny, arrived at Breda, where he brought divers letters and notes of most great importance, forasmuch as the King discovered there a part of the intricate plots of the interreign, and likewise the perfidiousness of some of those who owed him, without doubt, the greatest fidelity of the world. The King received him perfectly well, made him knight, and rendred him this public testimony, that he had received most considerable services from him for some years past.”

    Sir William Lower’s Relation⁠ ⁠… of the Voyage and Residence which⁠ ⁠… Charles II hath made in Holland, Hague, 1660, folio

    ↩

  432. In May, 1658, the old Union Jack (being the crosses of St. George and St. Andrew combined) was revived, with the Irish harp over the centre of the flag. This harp was taken off at the Restoration. (See The National Flags of the Commonwealth, by H. W. Henfrey, Journ. Brit. Arch. Assoc., vol. xxxi, p. 54.) The sign of the “Commonwealth Arms” was an uncommon one, but a token of one exists⁠—“Francis Wood at ye Commonwealth arms in Mary Maudlens” [St. Mary Magdalen, Old Fish Street]. ↩

  433. “A sort of cabin or cook-room, generally in the forepart, but sometimes near the stern of lighters and barges of burden.”

    Smyth’s Sailor’s Word-Book

    ↩

  434. Elizabeth, daughter of James I and widow of Frederick, Elector Palatine and titular King of Bohemia. She was known as the “Queen of Hearts” and the “White Queen.” She is supposed to have married Lord Craven, and died February 12th, 1661⁠–⁠63. ↩

  435. Son of the Prince of Orange and Mary, eldest daughter of Charles I⁠—afterwards William III. He was then in his tenth year, having been born in 1650. ↩

  436. Fowler, see ante, March 21st. ↩

  437. Prince of Orange, afterwards William III. ↩

  438. Index Rhetoricus of Thomas Farnaby was a book which went through several editions. The first was published at London by R. Allot in 1633. ↩

  439. Thomas Case, born 1598, was a famous preacher and a zealous advocate for the Solemn League and Covenant, a member of the assembly of divines, and rector of St. Giles’s-in-the-Fields. He was one of the deputation to Charles II at Breda, and appointed a royal chaplain. He was ejected by the Act of Uniformity, but remained in London after his ejection. Died May 30th, 1682. ↩

  440. This is somewhat different to the usual account of Morland’s connection with Sir Richard Willis. In the beginning of 1659 Cromwell, Thurloe, and Willis formed a plot to inveigle Charles II into England and into the hands of his enemies. The plot was discussed in Thurloe’s office, and Morland, who pretended to be asleep, heard it and discovered it. Willis sent for Morland, and received him in a cellar. He said that one of them must have discovered the plot. He laid his hand upon the Bible and swore that he had not been the discoverer, calling upon Morland to do the same. Morland, with presence of mind, said he was ready to do so if Willis would give him a reason why he should suspect him. By this ready answer he is said to have escaped the ordeal (see Birch’s Life of Thurloe). ↩

  441. The admiral celebrated in Lord Dorset’s ballad, “To all you ladies now at land.”

    “Should foggy Opdam chance to know
    Our sad and dismal story;
    The Dutch would scorn so weak a foe,
    And quit their fort at Goree
    For what resistance can they find
    From men who’ve left their hearts behind?”

    —⁠B. ↩

  442. Peter Pett succeeded his father, Phineas Pett, as Commissioner of the Navy at Chatham, in 1647; he was continued in his office after the Restoration, but in 1667, in consequence of the Dutch attack upon Chatham, he was superseded, sent to the Tower, and threatened with impeachment. The threat was not carried out, but he was never restored to office. Fuller observes that the mystery of shipwrights for some descents hath been preserved successively in families, “of which the Pettes of Chatham are of singular regard.” —⁠Worthies of England. There is an interesting autobiographical memoir of Phineas Pett, in his own handwriting, in the British Museum (Harl. MS. 6279). Extracts from a copy of this MS. were printed in the Archæologia (vol. xii). ↩

  443. Eldest son of Sir Gilbert Pickering, whom he succeeded in his titles and estates in 1668. His father had been an active Commonwealth man, and was one of the knights of the shire for the county of Northampton in 1656; he was also of Cromwell’s council, chamberlain of the court, and high steward of Westminster. Sir Gilbert Pickering’s petition being read, he was ordered to be excepted as to the penalties to be inflicted not reaching to life, by an act provided for that purpose. —⁠Commons’ Journals; see June 19th, 1660. —⁠B. ↩

  444. Andrew Marvell alludes to the poor condition, for clothes and money, in which the King was at this time, in A Historical Poem:⁠—

    “At length, by wonderful impulse of fate,
    The people call him back to help the State;
    And what is more, they send him money, too,
    And clothe him all from head to foot anew.”

    ↩

  445. Mary, Princess of Orange. ↩

  446. James’s patent was dated June 6th, 1660. ↩

  447. Edward Montagu, afterwards Lord Hinchinbroke. ↩

  448. On January 29th, 1658, Charles II entrusted the Great Seal to Sir Edward Hyde, with the title of Lord Chancellor, and in that character Sir Edward accompanied the King to England. ↩

  449. Thomas Fuller, born June, 1608; D.D. 1660; one of the most delightful writers in the English language; Chaplain to the King, Lecturer at the Savoy, Prebendary of Salisbury and Rector of Cranford. He died at his lodgings in Covent Garden, August 16th, 1661, and was buried at Cranford. ↩

  450. Henrietta Maria. ↩

  451. The House in the Wood (Huis ten Bosch) at the Hague is still a show place, and the picture described by Pepys can still be seen in the Oranje Zaal (Orange Hall). The hall was built by a Princess of Solms, grandmother of our William III, and decorated with paintings in honour of her husband, Prince Frederick Henry of Orange. ↩

  452. Mary, Princess Royal, eldest daughter of Charles I, and widow of William of Nassau, Prince of Orange. She was not supposed to be inconsolable, and scandal followed her at the court of Charles II, where she died of smallpox, December 24th, 1660. ↩

  453. The Voorhout is the principal street of the Hague, and it is lined with handsome trees. ↩

  454. Delft is about five miles from the Hague. ↩

  455. The trekschuit (drag-boat) along the canal is still described as an agreeable conveyance from Leyden to Delft. ↩

  456. Admiral Martin van Tromp’s monument here described is in the Oude Kerk (Old Church) at Delft. ↩

  457. The costly but clumsy monument erected by the United Provinces to the memory of William I, Prince of Orange (who was assassinated at Delft, 10th July, 1584), is in the so-called New Church at Delft. ↩

  458. The Stadhuis is a fine building situated in the marketplace. ↩

  459. Afterwards Colonel Edward Harley, M.P. for Hereford, and Governor of Dunkirk; ancestor of the Earls of Oxford of that race, now extinct in the male line. He was afterwards made a Knight of the Bath at the Coronation of Charles II. ↩

  460. Edmond Ibbott, made rector of Deale in 1662. See ante, March 25th. ↩

  461. Mr. Ackworth seems to have held some office in Deptford Yard, see January 14th, 1660⁠–⁠61. ↩

  462. Crambo is described as “a play at short verses in which a word is given, and the parties contend who can find most rhymes to it.” ↩

  463. There were several Pickerings, and it is not easy to say which of them Pepys would style “uncle.” ↩

  464. Month’s-mind. An earnest desire or longing, explained as alluding to “a woman’s longing.” See Shakespeare, Two Gentlemen of Verona, act i sc. 2: “I see you have a month’s mind to them.” —⁠M. B. ↩

  465. This is a somewhat late use of an expression which was once universal. It was formerly the custom for both sexes to sleep in bed without any nightlinen.

    “Who sees his true love in her naked bed,
    Teaching the sheets a whiter hue than white.”

    Shakespeare, Venus and Adonis

    Nares (Glossary) notes the expression so late as in the very odd novel by T. Amory, called John Bunde, where a young lady declares, after an alarm, “that she would never go into naked bed on board ship again.” Octavo edition, vol. i p. 90. ↩

  466. Apparently Mallows stands for St. Malo and Murlace for Morlaise. ↩

  467. Sir John Lenthall, who survived till 1681, was the only son of Speaker Lenthall, and Cromwell’s Governor of Windsor Castle. He had been knighted by the Protector in 1657; but is styled “Mr. Lenthall” in the Commons’ Journals of the House, May 12th, 1660, where the proceedings alluded to by Pepys are fully detailed. Mrs. Hutchinson also gives an account of them, in her Memoirs of Colonel Hutchinson, p. 367, 4to edit. On the 22nd of May following, Lenthall lost his seat for Abingdon, the double return for that borough having been decided in favour of Sir John Stonehouse; probably the then recent offence which Lenthall had given to the House of Commons had more influence in the adverse issue of the petition than the actual merits of the case. Sir John Lenthall, of whom Pepys speaks, August 10th, 1663, was the brother to the Speaker. See that passage. —⁠B. ↩

  468. Henry, Duke of Gloucester, the youngest child of Charles I, born July 6th, 1640, who, with his sister Elizabeth, was allowed a meeting with his father on the night before the King’s execution. Burnet says: “He was active, and loved business; was apt to have particular friendships, and had an insinuating temper which was generally very acceptable. The King loved him much better than the Duke of York.” He died of smallpox at Whitehall, September 13th, 1660, and was buried in Henry VII’s Chapel. ↩

  469. William Coventry, to whom Pepys became so warmly attached afterwards, was the fourth son of Thomas, first Lord Coventry, the Lord Keeper. He was born in 1628, and entered at Queen’s College, Oxford, in 1642; after the Restoration he became private secretary to the Duke of York, his commission as Secretary to the Lord High Admiral not being conferred until 1664; elected M.P. for Great Yarmouth in 1661. In 1662 he was appointed an extra Commissioner of the Navy, an office he held until 1667; in 1665, knighted and sworn a Privy Councillor, and, in 1667, constituted a Commissioner of the Treasury; but, having been forbid the court on account of his challenging the Duke of Buckingham, he retired into the country, nor could he subsequently be prevailed upon to accept of any official employment. Burnet calls Sir William Coventry the best speaker in the House of Commons, and “a man of the finest and best temper that belonged to the court,” and Pepys never omits an opportunity of paying a tribute to his public and private worth. He died, 1686, of gout in the stomach. ↩

  470. Admiral Sir William Penn (see ante, April 4th). ↩

  471. “About midnight arrived there Mr. Downing, who did the affairs of England to the Lords the Estates, in quality of Resident under Oliver Cromwell, and afterward under the pretended Parliament, which having changed the form of the government, after having cast forth the last Protector, had continued him in his imploiment, under the quality of Extraordinary Envoy. He began to have respect for the King’s person, when he knew that all England declared for a free parliament, and departed from Holland without order, as soon as he understood that there was nothing that could longer oppose the reestablishment of monarchal government, with a design to crave letters of recommendation to General Monk. This lord considered him, as well because of the birth of his wife, which is illustrious, as because Downing had expressed some respect for him in a time when that eminent person could not yet discover his intentions. He had his letters when he arrived at midnight at the house of the Spanish Embassador, as we have said. He presented them forthwith to the King, who arose from table a while after, read the letters, receiv’d the submissions of Downing, and granted him the pardon and grace which he asked for him to whom he could deny nothing. Some daies after the King knighted him, and would it should be believed, that the strong aversions which this minister of the Protector had made appear against him on all occasions, and with all sorts of persons indifferently, even a few daies before the public and general declaration of all England, proceeded not from any evil intention, but only from a deep dissimulation, wherewith he was constrained to cover his true sentiments, for fear to prejudice the affairs of his Majesty.”

    Sir William Lower’s Relation⁠ ⁠… of the Voyage and Residence which⁠ ⁠… Charles II hath made in Holland, Hague, 1660, folio, pp. 72⁠–⁠73

    ↩

  472. Otte Krag was one of the two extraordinary ambassadors from the King of Denmark to Charles II at the Hague. See Lower’s Voyage and Residence of Charles II in Holland, 1660, p. 41. ↩

  473. William Quartermaine, M.D., matriculated as member of Brasenose College, Oxford, and afterwards removed to Pembroke College. He was appointed one of the physicians in ordinary to Charles II, and died in June, 1667. ↩

  474. Marmaduke, fifth son of Conyers, Lord Darcy, one of the companions of Charles’s exile, whom the King was wont to call “ ’Duke Darcey,” and he is so styled in Charles’s narrative of his escape, as given to Pepys. On the pavement in the south aisle of St. George’s Chapel, Windsor, is the following inscription:

    “Here lyeth the body of the Honourable Marmaduke Darcy, Esq., brother to the Earl of Holderness, first gentleman usher of the privy-chamber to His Majesty, who died in this castle on Sunday, the 3rd of July, in the seventy-third year of his age, A.D. 1687.”

    Pote’s History of Windsor, p. 365

    —⁠B. ↩

  475. “The Naseby now no longer England’s shame,
    But better to be lost in Charles his name.”

    Dryden, Astræa Redux

    Another Charles was built at Deptford in 1667 by Jo. Shish. ↩

  476. The Richard was a second-rate of seventy guns, built at Woolwich in 1658 by Christopher Pett. ↩

  477. The Speaker was a third-rate of fifty-two guns, built at Woolwich in 1649 by Christopher Pett. ↩

  478. The Henry then Dunbar, was a second-rate of sixty-four guns, built at Deptford in 1656 by Mr. Callis. ↩

  479. The Happy Return, then the Winsley, was built at Yarmouth in 1654 by Edgar; it was a fourth-rate of forty-six guns. ↩

  480. The Richmond, then the Wakefield, was built at Portsmouth in 1655 by Sir J. Tippets; it was a fifth-rate of twenty-six guns. ↩

  481. The Henrietta, then the Lambert, was built at Horslydown in 1653⁠–⁠4 by Bright; it was a third-rate of fifty guns. ↩

  482. The Speedwell, then the Cheriton, was a fifth-rate of twenty guns, built at Deptford in 1655 by Mr. Callis. ↩

  483. The Success, then the Bradford, was a fifth-rate built at Chatham in 1657 by Captain Taylor. ↩

  484. For the King’s own account of his escape dictated to Pepys, see “Boscobel” (Bohn’s “Standard Library”). ↩

  485. This was at Brighton. The inn was the “George,” and the innkeeper was named Smith. Charles related this circumstance again to Pepys in October, 1680. He then said, “And here also I ran into another very great danger, as being confident I was known by the master of the inn; for, as I was standing after supper by the fireside, leaning my hand upon a chair, and all the rest of the company being gone into another room, the master of the inn came in and fell a-talking with me, and just as he was looking about, and saw there was nobody in the room, he upon a sudden kissed my hand that was upon the back of the chair, and said to me, ‘God bless you wheresoever you go! I do not doubt before I die, but to be a lord, and my wife a lady.’ So I laughed, and went away into the next room.” ↩

  486. On Saturday, October 11th, 1651, Colonel Gunter made an agreement at Chichester with Nicholas Tettersell, through Francis Mansell (a French merchant), to have Tettersell’s vessel ready at an hour’s warning. Charles II, in his narrative dictated to Pepys in 1680, said, “We went to a place, four miles off Shoreham, called Brighthelmstone, where we were to meet with the master of the ship, as thinking it more convenient to meet there than just at Shoreham, where the ship was. So when we came to the inn at Brighthelmstone we met with one, the merchant [Francis Mansell] who had hired the vessel, in company with her master [Tettersell], the merchant only knowing me, as having hired her only to carry over a person of quality that was escaped from the battle of Worcester without naming anybody.”

    The boat was supposed to be bound for Poole, but Charles says in his narrative: “As we were sailing the master came to me, and desired me that I would persuade his men to use their best endeavours with him to get him to set us on shore in France, the better to cover him from any suspicion thereof, upon which I went to the men, which were four and a boy.”

    After the Restoration Mansell was granted a pension of £200 a year, and Tettersell one of £100 a year. (See Captain Nicholas Tettersell and the Escape of Charles II, by F. E. Sawyer, F.S.A., Sussex Archaeological Collections, vol. xxxii pp. 81⁠–⁠104). ↩

  487. A mistake for Lord Berkeley of Berkeley, who had been deputed, with Lord Middlesex and four other Peers, by the House of Lords to present an address of congratulation to the King. —⁠B. ↩

  488. Lionel Cranfield, third and last Earl of Middlesex. Died 1674, when the title became extinct. ↩

  489. Canons, canions, or cannions. Thus defined in Kersey’s Dictionary: “Cannions, boot hose tops; an old-fashioned ornament for the legs.” That is to say, a particular addition to breeches. Coles says, “Cannions, Perizomata.” Cotgrave, “Canons de chausses.” Minshew says, “On les appelle ainsi pourceque, etc., because they are like cannons of artillery, or cans, or pots.”

    Nares, Glossary

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  490. John Earle, born about 1601; appointed in 1643 one of the Westminster Assembly of Divines, but his principles did not allow him to act. He accompanied Charles II when he was obliged to fly from England. Dean of Westminster at the Restoration, Bishop of Worcester, November 30th, 1662, and translated to Salisbury, September 28th, 1663. He was tender to the Nonconformists, and Baxter wrote of him, “O that they were all such!” Author of Microcosmography. Died November 17th, 1665, and was buried in the chapel of Merton College, of which he had been a Fellow. Charles II had the highest esteem for him. ↩

  491. Denzil Holles, second son of John, first Earl of Clare, born at Houghton, Notts, in 1597. He was one of the five members charged with high treason by Charles I in 1641. He was a Presbyterian, and one of the Commissioners sent by Parliament to wait on Charles II at the Hague. Sir William Lower, in his Relation, 1660, writes: “All agreed that never person spake with more affection nor expressed himself in better terms than Mr. Denzil Hollis, who was orator for the Deputies of the Lower House, to whom those of London were joined.” He was created Baron Holles on April 20th, 1661, on the occasion of the coronation of Charles II ↩

  492. Charles Scarburgh, M.D., an eminent physician who suffered for the royal cause during the Civil Wars. He was born in London, and educated at St. Paul’s School and Caius College, Cambridge. He was ejected from his fellowship at Caius, and withdrew to Oxford. He entered himself at Merton College, then presided over by Harvey, with whom he formed a lifelong friendship. He was knighted by Charles II in 1669, and attended the King in his last illness. He was also physician to James II and to William III, and died February 26th, 1693⁠–⁠4. ↩

  493. Stephen Fox, born 1627, and said to have been a choirboy in Salisbury Cathedral. He was the first person to announce the death of Cromwell to Charles II, and at the Restoration he was made Clerk of the Green Cloth, and afterwards Paymaster of the Forces. He was knighted in 1665. He married Elizabeth, daughter of William Whittle of Lancashire. (See June 25th, 1660.) Fox died in 1716. His sons Stephen and Henry were created respectively Earl of Ilchester and Lord Holland. ↩

  494. Thomas Killigrew, fourth son of Sir Robert Killigrew of Hanworth, Middlesex, page of honour to Charles I, and groom of the bedchamber to Charles II, whose fortunes he had followed. He was Resident for the King at Venice, 1650; a great favourite with his master on account of his uncommon vein of humour, and author of several plays. He was born in the parish of St. Margaret, Lothbury, February 7th, 1611⁠–⁠12, and died March, 1682⁠–⁠3, being buried in Westminster Abbey. He married twice: 1, June 29th, 1636, Cicely, daughter of Sir James Crofts of Saxham, co. Suffolk, maid of honour to Queen Henrietta Maria (she died January 1st, 1637⁠–⁠8); 2, January 28th, 1654⁠–⁠5, Charlotte, daughter of John de Hesse (she died at the Hague in 1716). ↩

  495. This right of purveyance was abolished in Charles’s reign. ↩

  496. Late the Naseby. ↩

  497. Charles II’s love of dogs is well known, but it is not so well known that his dogs were continually being stolen from him. In the Mercurius Publicus, June 28-July 5, 1660, is the following advertisement, apparently drawn up by the King himself: “We must call upon you again for a Black Dog between a greyhound and a spaniel, no white about him, onely a streak on his brest, and his tayl a little bobbed. It is His Majesties own Dog, and doubtless was stoln, for the dog was not born nor bred in England, and would never forsake His master. Whoesoever findes him may acquaint any at Whitehal for the Dog was better known at Court, than those who stole him. Will they never leave robbing his Majesty! Must he not keep a Dog? This dog’s place (though better than some imagine) is the only place which nobody offers to beg.” (Quoted in Notes and Queries, 7th S., vii 26, where are printed two other advertisements of Charles’s lost dogs.) ↩

  498. Clarendon describes William Batten as an obscure fellow, and, although unknown to the service, a good seaman, who was in 1642 made Surveyor to the Navy; in which employ he evinced great animosity against the King. The following year, while Vice-Admiral to the Earl of Warwick, he chased a Dutch man-of-war into Burlington Bay, knowing that Queen Henrietta Maria was on board; and then, learning that she had landed and was lodged on the quay, he fired above a hundred shot upon the house, some of which passing through her majesty’s chamber, she was obliged, though indisposed, to retire for safety into the open fields. This act, brutal as it was, found favour with the Parliament. But Batten became afterwards discontented; and, when a portion of the fleet revolted, he carried the Constant Warwick, one of the best ships in the Parliament navy, over into Holland, with several seamen of note. For this act of treachery he was knighted and made a Rear-Admiral by Prince Charles. We hear no more of Batten till the Restoration, when he became a Commissioner of the Navy, and was soon after M.P. for Rochester. See an account of his second wife, in note to November 24th, 1660, and of his illness and death, October 5th, 1667. He had a son, Benjamin, and a daughter, Martha, by his first wife. —⁠B. ↩

  499. Edward Walker was knighted February 2nd, 1644⁠–⁠5, and on the 24th of the same month was sworn in as Garter King at Arms. He adhered to the cause of the king, and published Iter Carolinum, being a succinct account of the necessitated marches, retreats, and sufferings of his Majesty King Charles I, from Jan. 10, 1641, to the time of his death in 1648, collected by a daily attendant upon his sacred Majesty during all that time: He joined Charles II in exile, and received the reward of his loyalty at the Restoration. He died at Whitehall, February 19th, 1676⁠–⁠7, and was buried at Stratford-on-Avon, his daughter having married Sir John Clepton of that place. ↩

  500. “His Majesty put the George on his Excellency, and the two Dukes put on the Garter. The Princes thus honoured the Lord-General for the restoration of that lawful family.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    ↩

  501. Sir George Villiers received the Garter in 1616. ↩

  502. Mr. Hetley died in the following year, see January 19th, 1660⁠–⁠61. ↩

  503. The gold ducat is valued at about 9s. 6d., and the silver at 3s. 4d. ↩

  504. The spire of St. Paul’s (which was 208 feet high) was injured by fire in 1561, and taken down soon afterwards. The height of the remaining tower was 285 feet. ↩

  505. Probably a book on St. Paul’s in the possession of Mr. Shepley. ↩

  506. “Divers maidens, in behalf of themselves and others, presented a petition to the Lord Mayor of London, wherein they pray his Lordship to grant them leave and liberty to meet His Majesty on the day of his passing through the city; and if their petition be granted, that they will all be clad in white waistcoats and crimson petticoats, and other ornaments of triumph and rejoicing.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal, May, 1660

    —⁠B. ↩

  507. Probably Henry Lawes, although nothing is known of this song. The late Dr. Hueffer wrote, “Mr. R. Lane Poole, of the musical department of the British Museum, informs me that he has in vain searched for it amongst the MS. and printed collections of the Museum.” —⁠Hueffer’s Italian and Other Studies, 1883, p. 290 ↩

  508. Young Edward Montagu. ↩

  509. Foreign coins were in frequent use at this time. A Proclamation, January 29th, 1660⁠–⁠61, declared certain foreign gold and silver coins to be current at certain rates. The rate of the ducatoon was at 5s. 9d. ↩

  510. 12 Car. II cap. 14, “An Act for a perpetual Anniversary Thanksgiving on the nine-and-twentieth day of May.” ↩

  511. One only of these two was elected, for Bullen Reymes became M.P. for Weymouth on June 22nd. ↩

  512. The King’s “Proclamation against vicious, debauched, and profane Persons” is dated May 30th. It is printed in Somers’ Tracts, ed. 1812, vol. vii p. 423. ↩

  513. “Help, Help, O Help, Divinity of Love,” by Henry Lawes, printed in The Second Book of Ayres and Dialogues. London (Playford), 1655. It is entitled “A Storme.” ↩

  514. Cittern (cither), a musical instrument having wire strings, sounded with a plectrum. ↩

  515. Symballs, i.e. cymbals. ↩

  516. In the Notices of Popular Histories, printed for the Percy Society, there is a curious woodcut representing the interior of a barber’s shop, in which, according to the old custom, the person waiting to be shaved is playing on the “ghittern” till his turn arrives. Decker also mentions a “barber’s cittern,” for every serving-man to play upon. This is no doubt “the barber’s music” with which Lord Sandwich entertained himself. —⁠B. ↩

  517. Robert Pepys of Brampton, eldest son of Thomas Pepys the red, and brother of Samuel’s father. ↩

  518. Edmund Calamy, D.D., the celebrated Nonconformist divine, born February, 1600, appointed Chaplain to Charles II, 1660. He refused the bishopric of Lichfield which was offered to him. Died October 29th, 1666. ↩

  519. The names of the Commissioners were⁠—Sir Edward Hyde, afterwards Earl of Clarendon, General Monk, Thomas, Earl of Southampton, John, Lord Robartes, Thomas, Lord Colepeper, Sir Edward Montagu, with Sir Edward Nicholas and Sir William Morrice as principal Secretaries of State. The patents are dated June 19th, 1660. ↩

  520. The duty of the Master of the Wardrobe was to provide “proper furniture for coronations, marriages, and funerals” of the sovereign and royal family, “clothes of state, beds, hangings, and other necessaries for the houses of foreign ambassadors, clothes of state for Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, Prince of Wales, and ambassadors abroad,” as also to provide robes for Ministers of State, Knights of the Garter, etc. The last Master of the Wardrobe was Ralph, Duke of Montague, who died 1709. ↩

  521. Duke of York and Duke of Gloucester. ↩

  522. Epicene, or the Silent Woman, a comedy, by Ben Jonson. ↩

  523. Arthur Annesley, afterwards second Viscount Valentia, born July 10th, 1614. He had been chosen President of the Council of State in February, 1660. He was a Parliamentarian as long as that cause was in the ascendant, but was instrumental in the restoration of Charles II, for which service he was amply rewarded. He was Treasurer of the Navy from 1666 to 1668, and held the office of Lord Privy Seal from 1672 to 1682. Created Earl of Anglesea, 1661. He wrote several books, and died April 26th, 1686. ↩

  524. Lincoln’s Inn Gardens were originally known as Coneygarth, from the rabbits which burrowed there. Ben Jonson mentions them:

    “The walks of Lincoln’s Inn
    Under the Elms.”

    The Devil Is an Ass

    ↩

  525. Dorset House, in Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, at this time occupied by the Chancellor, once the residence of the Bishops of Salisbury, one of whom (Jewel) alienated it to the Sackville family. The house being afterwards pulled down, a theatre was built on its site, in which the Duke of York’s troop performed. The name is still preserved in Dorset Street. ↩

  526. William Faithorne the elder, engraver and portrait painter, born in London in 1616. On the outbreak of the Civil War he took up arms for the King, and was confined for a time in Aldersgate as a prisoner of war. He was banished for refusing to take the oath to Oliver Cromwell, but obtained permission to return to England in 1650, when he settled at the sign of the Drake, outside Temple Bar. About 1680 he went to Printing House Yard, Blackfriars, and died May, 1691. ↩

  527. Sir George Carteret had been appointed Treasurer of the Navy at the Restoration in succession to Richard Hutchinson. See post, July 3rd, 1660. ↩

  528. It was customary to use carpets as table cloths. ↩

  529. Elizabeth Montagu, sister to the Earl of Sandwich, who had married Sir Gilbert Pickering, Bart., of Nova Scotia, and of Tichmersh, co. Northampton. ↩

  530. There was another Bull Head at Charing Cross. There were several Brewer’s Yards in London, but this was probably the one on the south side of the Strand, near Hungerford Market; and the Bull Head tavern was doubtless the one at Charing Cross. ↩

  531. The house attached to the office of the Master of the Wardrobe was near Puddle Wharf, Blackfriars. It was built by Sir John Beauchamp (d. 1359), and his executors sold it to Edward III. When Stow drew up his Survey, Sir John Fortescue was lodged in the house as Master of the Wardrobe. ↩

  532. Mrs. Sarah, Lord Sandwich’s housekeeper. ↩

  533. Afterwards Sir Robert Holmes. He is styled “Major,” although in the navy. Thus Lord Sandwich and Sir W. Penn were called “Generals;” see also January 6th, 1661⁠–⁠2. ↩

  534. All organs were removed from churches by an ordinance dated 1644. ↩

  535. Frances Butler, sister to Mons. L’Impertinent; see February 17th, 1659⁠–⁠60. ↩

  536. The old hall of the Trinity House was at Deptford. The present building on Tower Hill was erected 1793⁠–⁠95. ↩

  537. The letters patent appointing Pepys to the office of Clerk of the Acts is dated July 13th, 1660. ↩

  538. Thomas Elborough was one of Pepys’s schoolfellows, and afterwards curate of St. Lawrence Poultney. ↩

  539. Baynard’s Castle, Thames Street, was garrisoned by the Parliament in 1648. It was destroyed in the Great Fire. ↩

  540. The Hon. George Montagu of Horton, co. Northampton, was elected M.P. for Dover, August 16th, 1660, in place of the Earl of Sandwich. ↩

  541. Whence it would go by water carriage. ↩

  542. At the King’s Head there was a half-crown ordinary. ↩

  543. William Swan is called a fanatic and a very rogue in other parts of the Diary. ↩

  544. Roger Boyle, fifth son of Richard, Earl of Cork, born April 25th, 1621 and at the age of seven created Lord Broghill. He was created Earl of Orrery in 1660. Died October 16th, 1679. ↩

  545. Colonel John Jones was M.P. for the City of London in the Parliament summoned to meet May 8th, 1661. ↩

  546. See ante, January 17th, 1660. ↩

  547. A sweet drink which still survives in pharmacy, and the name is used in the United States for a special drink called mint julep. ↩

  548. Anne Clarges, Lady Monk, and Duchess of Albemarle. ↩

  549. This ceremony is usually traced to Edward the Confessor, but there is no direct evidence of the early Norman kings having touched for the evil. Sir John Fortescue, in his defence of the House of Lancaster against that of York, argued that the crown could not descend to a female, because the Queen is not qualified by the form of anointing her, used at the coronation, to cure the disease called the King’s evil. Burn asserts, History of Parish Registers, 1862, p. 179, that “between 1660 and 1682, 92,107 persons were touched for the evil.” Everyone coming to the court for that purpose, brought a certificate signed by the minister and churchwardens, that he had not at any time been touched by His Majesty. The practice was supposed to have expired with the Stuarts, but the point being disputed, reference was made to the library of the Duke of Sussex, and four several Oxford editions of the Book of Common Prayer were found, all printed after the accession of the house of Hanover, and all containing, as an integral part of the service, “The Office for the Healing.” The stamp of gold with which the King crossed the sore of the sick person was called an angel, and of the value of ten shillings. It had a hole bored through it, through which a ribbon was drawn, and the angel was hanged about the patient’s neck till the cure was perfected. The stamp has the impression of St. Michael the Archangel on one side, and a ship in full sail on the other. “My Lord Anglesey had a daughter cured of the King’s evil with three others on Tuesday.” —⁠MS. Letter of William Greenhill to Lady Bacon, dated December 31st, 1629, preserved at Audley End. Charles II “touched” before he came to the throne. “It is certain that the King hath very often touched the sick, as well at Breda, where he touched 260 from Saturday the 17 of April to Sunday the 23 of May, as at Bruges and Bruxels, during the residence he made there; and the English assure⁠ ⁠… it was not without success, since it was the experience that drew thither every day, a great number of those diseased even from the most remote provinces of Germany.” —⁠Sir William Lower’s Relation of the Voyage and Residence which Charles II hath made in Holland, Hague, 1660, p. 78. Sir William Lower gives a long account of the touching for the evil by Charles before the Restoration. ↩

  550. John Frederic de Friesendorff, ambassador from Sweden to Charles II, who created him a baronet, 1661. ↩

  551. An angelique is described as a species of guitar in Murray’s New English Dictionary, and this passage from the Diary is given as a quotation. The word appears as angelot in Phillips’s English Dictionary (1678), and is used in Browning’s Sordello, as a “plaything of page or girl.” ↩

  552. Alderman Edward Backwell, an eminent banker and goldsmith, who is frequently mentioned in the Diary. His shop was in Lombard Street. He was ruined by the closing of the Exchequer by Charles II in 1672. The crown then owed him £295,994 16s. 6d., in lieu of which the King gave him an annuity of £17,759 13s. 8d. Backwell retired into Holland after the closing of the Exchequer, and died there in 1679. See Hilton Price’s Handbook of London Bankers, 1876. ↩

  553. Thomas Turner (or Tourner) was General Clerk at the Navy Office, and on June 30th he offered Pepys £150 to be made joint Clerk of the Acts with him. In a list of the Admiralty officers just before the King came in, preserved in the British Museum, there occur, Richard Hutchinson; Treasury of the Navy, salary £1,500; Thomas Tourner, General Clerk, for himself and clerk, £100. ↩

  554. Elizabeth, daughter of William Whittle of Lancashire, married to Mr., afterwards Sir Stephen Fox. See note 493. ↩

  555. Sir Edward Nicholas, Secretary of State to Charles I and II. He was dismissed from his office through the intrigues of Lady Castlemaine in 1663. He died 1669, aged seventy-seven. ↩

  556. Montagu changed his mind, and ultimately took his title from the town of Sandwich, leaving that of Portsmouth for the use of a King’s mistress. ↩

  557. There is a token of “Thomas Darling at the Three Tuns neare Charing Cross.” See Boyne’s Trade Tokens, vol. i p. 557. ↩

  558. Puddlewharf was at the foot of St. Andrew’s Hill, Upper Thames Street, Blackfriars. ↩

  559. The letters patent, dated July 13th, 12 Charles II, recite and revoke letters patent of February 16th, 14 Charles I, whereby the office of Clerk of the Ships had been given to Dennis Fleming and Thomas Barlow, or the survivor. D. F. was then dead, but T. B. living, and Samuel Pepys was appointed in his room, at a salary of £33 6s. 8d. per annum, with 3s. 4d. for each day employed in travelling, and £6 per annum for boathire, and all fees due. This salary was only the ancient “fee out of the Exchequer,” which had been attached to the office for more than a century. Pepys’s salary had been previously fixed at £350 a year. ↩

  560. A token of William Burges, at the Swan at Dowgate Conduit, 1668, is described in Boyne’s Trade Tokens, by Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 583. ↩

  561. Sir Thomas Ingram was appointed Commissioner for Tangier. ↩

  562. Matthew Wren, born 1585, successively Bishop of Hereford, Norwich, and Ely. At the commencement of the Rebellion he was sent to the Tower, and remained a prisoner there eighteen years. Died April 24th, 1667. ↩

  563. “A Proclamation for setting apart a day of Solemn and Public Thanksgiving throughout the whole Kingdom,” dated June 5th, 1660. ↩

  564. Clothworkers’ Hall, in Mincing Lane. The original Hall was burned in the Great Fire. It will be seen from this entry that ladies were admitted to the dinners. ↩

  565. Mr., afterwards Sir Francis Chaplin, from Bury St. Edmund’s, Alderman of Vintry Ward and Clothworker. He was Sheriff in 1668, and Lord Mayor in 1677. ↩

  566. This must either have been in Davenant’s Siege of Rhodes, acted at Rutland House in 1656, or in the same author’s Cruelty of the Spaniards in Peru, acted at the Cockpit in 1658. It is unfortunate that the Diarist does not tell us who it was that sang behind the scenes. ↩

  567. Dennis Gauden, Victualler to the Navy, subsequently knighted while sheriff of London: the large house at Clapham, in which Pepys died, was built by him, and intended as a palace for the Bishops of Winchester; his brother, Dr. John Gauden, then expecting to be translated from Exeter to that See, but he was promoted to Worcester. Sir Dennis was ultimately ruined, and his villa purchased by William Hewer. ↩

  568. Daniel Rawlinson kept the Mitre in Fenchurch Street, and there is a farthing token of his extant, “At the Mitetr in Fenchurch Streete, D. M. R.” The initials stand for Daniel and Margaret Rawlinson (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol i, 1889, p. 595) In Reliquiæ Hearnianæ (ed. Bliss, 1869, vol. ii p. 39) is the following extract from Thomas Rawlinson’s Note Book R.: “Of Daniel Rawlinson, my grandfather, who kept the Mitre tavern in Fenchurch Street, and of whose being sequestred in the Rump time I have heard much, the Whiggs tell this, that upon the king’s murder he hung his signe in mourning. He certainly judged right. The honour of the Mitre was much eclipsed through the loss of so good a parent of the church of England. These rogues say, this endeared him so much to the churchmen that he soon throve amain and got a good estate.” Mrs. Rawlinson died of the plague (see August 9th, 1666), and the house was burnt in the Great Fire. Mr. Rawlinson rebuilt the Mitre, and he had the panels of the great room painted with allegorical figures by Isaac Fuller. Daniel was father of Sir Thomas Rawlinson, of whom Thomas Hearne writes (October 1st, 1705): “Sir Thomas Rawlinson is chosen Lord Mayor of London for ye ensuing notwithstanding the great opposition of ye Whigg party” (Hearne’s Collections, ed. Doble, 1885, vol. i p. 51). The well-known antiquaries, Thomas and Richard Rawlinson, sons of Sir Thomas, were therefore grandsons of Daniel. ↩

  569. Edith Pepys, daughter of Samuel Pepys of Steeple Bumsted (died 1665), married Thomas Wight of Denston, co. Suffolk. ↩

  570. Jane Wayneman. ↩

  571. Sir Geoffrey Palmer, Attorney-General, and Chief Justice of Chester, 1660; created a baronet, 1661. Died 1670. ↩

  572. Sir John Grenville was a cousin of General Monk, and for his services in the cause of the Restoration was created Lord Grenville of Kilkhampton and Biddeford, Viscount Grenville of Lansdown, and Earl of Bath, April 20th, 1661. Died 1701. ↩

  573. Sir Richard Fanshawe, knight and baronet, born at Ware Park, Herts. 1608, secretary to Charles II at Breda, and after the Restoration M.P. for Cambridge. He negotiated the marriage with Catherine of Braganza. He was a good linguist, and “gave our language,” says Campbell, “some of its earliest and most important translations from modern literature.” He was appointed ambassador to Spain in 1664, and died at Madrid, 1666. ↩

  574. Thomas Barlow was originally in the service of Algernon, Earl of Northumberland, and was appointed by him Muster Master of the Fleet under his command in 1636. He was appointed in 1638 joint Clerk of the Acts (with Dennis Fleming). ↩

  575. Algernon Percy, tenth Earl of Northumberland, Lord High Admiral to Charles I. ↩

  576. Thomas De Critz was Serjeant Painter to Charles I, and some account of him is given in Walpole’s Anecdotes of Painting. This Mr. De Cretz, who was probably his son, was a copier of pictures. ↩

  577. William Wayneman was constantly getting into trouble, and Pepys had to cane him. He was dismissed on July 7th, 1663. ↩

  578. Camlet was a mixed stuff of wool and silk. It was very expensive, and later Pepys gave £24 for a suit. (See June 1st, 1664.) ↩

  579. John Roder, knighted August 5th, 1660. Le Neve calls him Roth, and says he was of Utrecht. ↩

  580. Nan Hartlib. ↩

  581. The Bell Tavern in King Street, Westminster, was of some antiquity. It is mentioned in 1466 among Sir John Howard’s expenses, and was famous in the reign of Queen Anne. Here the October Club met. ↩

  582. A list of the Officers of the Admiralty, May 31st, 1660.

    From a MS. in the Pepysian Library in Pepys’s own handwriting.

    • His Royal Highness James, Duke of York, Lord High Admiral.

    • Sir George Carteret, Treasurer.

    • Sir Robert Slingsby, (soon after) Comptroller.

    • Sir William Batten, Surveyor.

    • Samuel Pepys, Esq., Clerk of the Acts.

    • John, Lord Berkeley [of Stratton], Commissioner.

    • Sir William Penn, Commissioner.

    • Peter Pett, Esq., Commissioner.

    —⁠B. ↩

  583. Sir George Carteret, born 1599, had originally been bred to the sea service, and became Comptroller of the Navy to Charles I, and Governor of Jersey, where he obtained considerable reputation by his gallant defence of that island against the Parliament forces. At the Restoration he was made Vice-Chamberlain to the King, Treasurer of the Navy, and a Privy Councillor, and in 1661 he was elected M.P. for Portsmouth. In 1666 he exchanged the Treasurership of the Navy with the Earl of Anglesea for the Vice-Treasurership of Ireland. He became a Commissioner of the Admiralty in 1673. He continued in favour with Charles II till his death, January 14th, 1679, in his eightieth year. He married his cousin Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip Carteret, Knight of St. Ouen, and had issue three sons and five daughters. ↩

  584. The Navy Office was erected on the site of Lumley House, formerly belonging to the Fratres Sancta Crucis (or Crutched Friars), and all business connected with naval concerns was transacted there till its removal to Somerset House. The ground was afterwards occupied by the East India Company’s warehouses. The civil business of the Admiralty was removed from Somerset House to Spring Gardens in 1869. ↩

  585. The first Excise Office was in Smithfield, and it was frequently removed to different parts of London. ↩

  586. “July 5th. His Majesty, the two Dukes, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons, and the Privy Council, dined at the Guildhall. Every Hall appeared with their colours and streamers to attend His Majesty; the Masters in gold chains. Twelve pageants in the streets between Temple Bar and Guildhall. Forty brace of bucks were that day spent in the City of London.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    —⁠B. ↩

  587. Thomas Hayter. He remained with Pepys for some time; and by his assistance was made Petty Purveyor of Petty Missions. He succeeded Pepys as Clerk of the Acts in 1673, and in 1679 he was Secretary of the Admiralty, and Comptroller of the Navy from 1680 to 1682. ↩

  588. Richard Cooling or Coling, A.M., of All Souls College, Secretary to the Earls of Manchester and Arlington when they filled the office of Lord Chamberlain, and a Clerk of the Privy Council in ordinary. There is a mezzotinto print of him in the Pepysian Collection. —⁠B. ↩

  589. This salary was in place of the ancient fee out of the Exchequer of £33 6s. 8d. ↩

  590. During the Commonwealth organs were destroyed all over the country, and the following is the title of the Ordinances under which this destruction took place: “Two Ordinances of the Lords and Commons assembled in Parliament, for the speedy demolishing of all organs, images, and all matters of superstitious monuments in all Cathedrals and Collegiate or Parish Churches and Chapels throughout the Kingdom of England and the dominion of Wales; the better to accomplish the blessed reformation so happily begun, and to remove all offences and things illegal in the worship of God. Dated May 9th, 1644.” When at the period of the Restoration music again obtained its proper place in the services of the Church, there was much work for the organ builders. According to Dr. Rimbault (Hopkins on the Organ, 1855, p. 74), it was more than fifty years after the Restoration when our parish churches began commonly to be supplied with organs. Drake says, in his Eboracum (published in 1733), that at that date only one parish church in the city of York possessed an organ. Bernard Schmidt, better known as “Father Smith,” came to England from Germany at the time of the Restoration, and he it was who built the organ at the Chapel Royal. He was in high favour with Charles II, who allowed him apartments in Whitehall Palace. ↩

  591. Henry King, Dean of Rochester, advanced to the See of Chichester, February, 1641⁠–⁠42. Died September 30th, 1669, in the seventy-seventh year of his age. ↩

  592. Salisbury, portrait painter, not mentioned by Walpole. ↩

  593. The Grace which passed the University, on this occasion, is preserved in Kennett’s Chronicle, and commenced as follows:

    “Cum Sam. Pepys, Coll. Magd. Inceptor in Artibus in Regiâ Classe existat e Secretis, exindeq. apud mare adeo occupatissimus ut Comitiis proximè futuris interesse non possit; placet vobis ut dictus S. P. admissionem suam necnon creationem recipiat ad gradum Magistri in Artibus sub personâ Timothei Wellfit, Inceptoris, etc. etc.⁠—June 26, 1660.”

    See post, August 14th, 1660. —⁠B. ↩

  594. Goring House in St. James’s Park, the town residence of George, Lord Goring, Earl of Norwich. It occupied the site of Buckingham House, afterwards Buckingham Palace. Goring House was burnt in 1674, at which time the Earl of Arlington was living there. ↩

  595. That would be £1 13s. 3d. The rate at which the Mexico or Seville piece of eight was to be received was 4s. 9d. ↩

  596. The motive for Sir Edward Montagu’s so suddenly altering his intended title is not explained; probably, the change was adopted as a compliment to the town of Sandwich, off which the Fleet was lying before it sailed to bring Charles from Scheveling. Montagu had also received marked attentions from Sir John Boys and other principal men at Sandwich; and it may be recollected, as an additional reason, that one or both of the seats for that borough have usually been placed at the disposal of the Admiralty. The title of Portsmouth was given, in 1673, for her life, to the celebrated Louise de Querouaille, and becoming extinct with her, was, in 1743, conferred upon John Wallop, Viscount Lymington, the ancestor of the present Earl of Portsmouth. —⁠B. ↩

  597. Pepys was a frequent visitor to the Dolphin, which was conveniently situated in Tower Street. There is a farthing token of this tavern which is dated 1650 (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 779). ↩

  598. Sir John Berkeley, son of Sir Maurice Berkeley of Bruton, co. Somerset, knighted at Berwick in 1637⁠–⁠8. He was distinguished as a royalist officer in the Civil Wars, and created Baron Berkeley of Stratton in 1658 by letters patent dated at Brussels. At the Restoration he was appointed an Extra Commissioner of the Navy, which office he held until December, 1664; sworn in the Privy Council in 1663, and appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1670. He went as ambassador to France in 1674. He built, in 1665, a mansion in Piccadilly, at a cost of £30,000, called Berkeley House, which was destroyed by fire in 1733, when in the possession of the Duke of Devonshire, and Devonshire House now occupies its site. He died in 1678. ↩

  599. Willoughby’s name does not occur in the list of Naval Commissioners, 1660⁠–⁠1760, by Sir George Jackson, privately printed by Sir G. F. Duckett in 1889. ↩

  600. The Six Clerks’ Office was in Chancery Lane, near the Holborn end. The business of the office was to enrol commissions, pardons, patents, warrants, etc., that had passed the Great Seal; also other business in Chancery. “In the early history of the Court of Chancery, the Six Clerks and their under-clerks appear to have acted as the attorneys of the suitors. As business increased, these under-clerks became a distinct body, and were recognized by the court under the denomination of ‘sworn clerks,’ or ‘clerks in court.’ The advance of commerce, with its consequent accession of wealth, so multiplied the subjects requiring the judgment of a Court of Equity, that the limits of a public office were found wholly inadequate to supply a sufficient number of officers to conduct the business of the suitors. Hence originated the ‘Solicitors’ of the Court of Chancery.” See Smith’s Chancery Practice, p. 62, 3rd edit. The “Six Clerks” were abolished by act of Parliament, 5 Vict. c. 5. ↩

  601. Edward, second Lord Montagu of Boughton. He died 1683. ↩

  602. The Earls of Worcester had a large house in the Strand between Durham Place and the Savoy, the site of which is now marked by Beaufort Buildings, which Lord Clarendon rented while his own mansion was building. ↩

  603. Barbara Villiers, only child of William, second Viscount Grandison, born November, 1640, married April 14th, 1659, to Roger Palmer, created Earl of Castlemaine, 1661. She became the King’s mistress soon after the Restoration, and was in 1670 made Baroness Nonsuch, Countess of Southampton, and Duchess of Cleveland. She had six children by the King, one of them being created Duke of Grafton, and the eldest son succeeding her as Duke of Cleveland. She subsequently married Beau Fielding, whom she prosecuted for bigamy. She died October 9th, 1709, aged sixty-nine. Her life was written by G. Steinman Steinman, and privately printed 1871, with addenda 1874, and second addenda 1878. ↩

  604. Major Tollhurst was an old friend of Pepys’s, and is mentioned again on January 9th, 1662⁠–⁠63. ↩

  605. Payne Fisher, who styled himself Paganus Piscator, was born in 1616, in Dorsetshire, and removed from Hart Hall, Oxford, of which he had been a commoner, to Magdalene College, Cambridge, in 1634, and there took a degree of B.A., and first discovered a turn for poetry. He was afterwards a captain in the King’s service at Marston Moor fight; but, leaving his command, employed his pen against the cause which he had supported with his sword, and became a favourite of Cromwell’s. After the King’s return, he obtained a scanty subsistence by flattering men in power, and was frequently imprisoned for debt. He borrowed from Pepys, see post 28th of this same month. He died, 1693, in the Fleet Prison (Harl. MS. 1460). He published several poems, chiefly in Latin and, in 1682, printed a book of Heraldry, with the arms of such of the gentry as he had waited upon with presentation copies. He was a man of talents, but vain, unsteady, and conceited, and a great timeserver. —⁠B. ↩

  606. Jack Spicer, brother clerk of the Privy Seal. ↩

  607. William Hewer, of whose family little more is known than that his father died of the plague, September 14th, 1665. He was first the clerk, and afterwards the faithful friend of Pepys, who died in his house at Clapham, previously the residence of Sir Dennis Gauden. He was appointed Deputy Judge Advocate of the Fleet in 1677, and Commissioner of the Navy in 1685, and elected M.P. for Yarmouth, Isle of Wight, in 1685. He was also Treasurer for Tangier. Mr. Hewer was buried in the old church at Clapham, where a large monument of marble, with his bust in alto-relievo, erected to his memory, was, on the rebuilding of the church, placed outside. ↩

  608. The New Exchange on the south side of the Strand, built on the site of the stables of Durham House. The first stone was laid June 10th, 1608, and the new building was named by James I “Britain’s Burse.” It was a much frequented place after the Restoration, and the destruction of the Royal Exchange in the Great Fire caused it much prosperity for a time. It was taken down in 1737. ↩

  609. The oath of allegiance was printed on July 2nd. ↩

  610. Robert Barnwell. He died in 1662. See post, June 4th, 1662. ↩

  611. Still retains the name New Street. ↩

  612. As Earl of Sandwich. ↩

  613. This is still railed off from St. James’s Park, and called the Enclosure. ↩

  614. Sir William Morrice, born November 6th, 1602, at Exeter, Secretary of State from 1660 to 1668. He died December 12th, 1676. He was kinsman to General Monk. ↩

  615. They were both clerks of the Privy Seal. ↩

  616. My dining with Mr. Creed and seeing the Butlers ought to be placed in yesterday’s account, it being put here by mistake.

    Pepys

    ↩

  617. In the Journals this is stated to have taken place July 24th. ↩

  618. The Gatehouse at Westminster was a prison. Perhaps they were friends of the keeper. ↩

  619. Frances Butler, the beauty. ↩

  620. The Earl of Manchester was chosen Speaker of the House of Lords, see ante, April 26th, 1660. ↩

  621. August, 1661:

    “This year the Fair, called St. James’s Fair, was kept the full appointed time, being a fortnight; but during that time many lewd and infamous persons were by his Majesty’s express command to the Lord Chamberlain, and his Lordship’s direction to Robert Nelson, Esq., committed to the House of Correction.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    St. James’s fair was held first in the open space near St. James’s Palace, and afterwards in St. James’s Market. It was prohibited by the Parliament in 1651, but revived at the Restoration. It was, however, finally suppressed before the close of the reign of Charles II. ↩

  622. This is one of the earliest references to Pall Mall as an inhabited street, and also one of the earliest uses of the word clubbing. ↩

  623. Half a piece was valued at 2s. 4½d., see ante, July 10th. ↩

  624. Some clocks are still made with a small ball, or bullet, on an inclined plane, which turns every minute. The King’s clocks probably dropped bullets. Gainsborough the painter had a brother who was a dissenting minister at Henley-on-Thames, and possessed a strong genius for mechanics. He invented a clock of a very peculiar construction, which, after his death, was deposited in the British Museum. It told the hour by a little bell, and was kept in motion by a leaden bullet, which dropped from a spiral reservoir at the top of the clock, into a little ivory bucket. This was so contrived as to discharge it at the bottom, and by means of a counterweight was carried up to the top of the clock, where it received another bullet, which was discharged as the former. This seems to have been an attempt at the perpetual motion.

    Gentleman’s Magazine, 1785, p. 931

    —⁠B. ↩

  625. Brian Duppa, born March 10th, 1588⁠–⁠9, tutor to the Prince of Wales, afterwards Charles II, successively Bishop of Chichester, Salisbury, and Winchester. Died March 26th, 1662. ↩

  626. Baptist, third Viscount Campden, Lord Lieutenant of Rutlandshire. Died 1682. Campden House was built about 1612 by Sir Baptist Hicks, first Viscount Campden. The third Earl entertained Charles II here immediately after the Restoration. The house was burnt down March 23rd, 1862, and rebuilt soon afterwards. ↩

  627. The manor of Lisson Green (Domesday Lilesstone) remained a rural district till the end of the last century, and Dodsley (1761) describes it as “a pleasant village near Paddington.” Marylebone was quite a country place in Pepys’s day, and long after. ↩

  628. The clerks of the Privy Seal took the duty of attendance for a month by turns. ↩

  629. There is a farthing token of the Sun in New Fish Street (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 681). ↩

  630. Pepys wished to let his house in Axe Yard now that he had apartments at the Navy Office. ↩

  631. This well-known theatre was situated in St. John’s Street on the site of Red Bull Yard. Pepys went there on March 23rd, 1661, when he expressed a very poor opinion of the place. T. Carew, in some commendatory lines on Sir William Davenant’s play, The Just Italian, 1630, abuses both audiences and actors:⁠—

    “There are the men in crowded heaps that throng
    To that adulterate stage, where not a tongue
    Of th’ untun’d kennel can a line repeat
    Of serious sense.”

    There is a token of this house (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 725). ↩

  632. Sir John Robinson, clothworker, son of Archdeacon Robinson of Nottingham. He was one of the Commissioners sent to Breda to desire Charles II to return to England immediately, and was created a baronet for his services to the King, 1660, and had an augmentation to his arms. He was alderman of Dowgate, afterwards of Cripplegate; Lord Mayor, 1662. He retained the Lieutenancy of the Tower till 1678. A portrait of him is at Clothworkers’ Hall. ↩

  633. Lady Jemima Montagu, daughter of Lord Sandwich, previously described as Mrs. Jem. ↩

  634. Heneage Finch, son of Sir Heneage Finch, Recorder of London, was born December 23rd, 1621. He was called to the bar in 1645, and soon obtained considerable fame as a counsel. He was styled “the silver-tongued lawyer,” “the English Cicero,” and “the English Roscius.” A week after the King’s return in 1660 he was appointed Solicitor-General and created a baronet; Attorney-General, 1670; Lord Keeper, and created Baron Finch, 1673; Lord Chancellor, 1675; Earl of Nottingham, 1681. Died December 18th, 1682. ↩

  635. Colonel Cary Dillon, a friend of the Butlers, who courted the fair Frances; but the engagement was subsequently broken off, see December 31st, 1661. ↩

  636. This was Samuel Hartlib the younger, son of the friend of Milton, who was a neighbour of Pepys in Axe Yard. When Pepys refers to the elder Samuel Hartlib he calls him Mr. Hartlib. In Dircks’s Biographical Memoir of Samuel Hartlib (1865), the mistake is made of supposing that the Samuel Hartlib here referred to was the elder, and Nan Hartlib his sister instead of his daughter. ↩

  637. Sir John Roder or Roth, see ante, July 1st and 10th. ↩

  638. Holland House, the fine old mansion still standing at Kensington, was greatly added to and improved by Henry Rich, Earl of Holland, who was beheaded, March 9th, 1649. His house was afterwards successively occupied by Generals Fairfax and Lambert, but subsequently it was restored to the earl’s widow; she seems to have let a portion of the house. ↩

  639. Catan did not take the good advice offered her, but married Mons. Petit. See October 23rd, 1660. ↩

  640. Heneage Finch, Earl of Winchelsea. Died 1689. ↩

  641. Races in Hyde Park were fashionable in the reign of Charles I. They were usually run round the Ring. ↩

  642. John Claypole (born August 21st, 1625) married, on January 13th, 1645⁠–⁠46, Elizabeth, second daughter of Oliver Cromwell, to whom he became Master of the Horse, and a Lord of the Bedchamber: he was also placed in his father-in-law’s Upper House. During Richard Cromwell’s time he retained all his places at Court; and at the Restoration he was not molested. He was arrested in June, 1678, and imprisoned in the Tower, but speedily released. He died June 26th, 1688. His father had been proceeded against in the Star Chamber, for resisting the payment of Ship Money, and was by Cromwell constituted Clerk of the Hanaper, and created a baronet. Mrs. Claypole died August 6th, 1658. ↩

  643. Henry Cooke, chorister of the Chapel Royal, adhered to the royal cause at the breaking out of the Civil Wars, and for his bravery obtained a captain’s commission. At the Restoration he received the appointment of Master of the Children of the Chapel Royal; he was an excellent musician, and three of his pupils turned out very distinguished musicians, viz., Pelham Humphrey, John Blow, and Michael Wise. He was one of the original performers in The Siege of Rhodes. He died July 13th, 1672, and was buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey. In another place, Pepys says, “a vain coxcomb he is, though he sings so well.” ↩

  644. Edward Montagu, second Earl of Manchester, K.G., Lord Chamberlain, died 1671. ↩

  645. John Pickering married a fortune of £5,000; see post, November 5th, 1666. ↩

  646. Captain Henry Cuttance. The Speedwell was originally the Cheriton, see ante, May 1st, 1660. ↩

  647. See ante, July 8th, 1660. ↩

  648. A yacht which was greatly admired, and was imitated and improved by Commissioner Pett, who built a yacht for the King in 1661, which was called the Jenny. Queen Elizabeth had a yacht, and one was built by Phineas Pett in 1604. ↩

  649. The Cockpit Theatre, situated in Drury Lane, was occupied as a playhouse in the reign of James I. It was occupied by Davenant and his company in 1658, and they remained in it until November 15th, 1660, when they removed to Salisbury Court. ↩

  650. A tragicomedy by Beaumont and Fletcher. Kynaston’s part was Olympia. ↩

  651. Edward Kynaston, engaged by Sir W. Davenant, in 1660, to perform the principal female characters: he afterwards assumed the male ones in the first parts of tragedy, and continued on the stage till the end of King William’s reign. He died in 1712. Who played Archas is unknown; but Betterton, as Downes tells us, was early distinguished for playing in The Loyal Subject. ↩

  652. Daniel Milles, D.D., thirty-two years rector of St. Olave’s, Hart Street, and buried there, October, 1689, aged sixty-three. He was appointed April 17th, 1657. Newcourt (Repertorium) writes, “Dan Mills was admitted to the church in the late times of usurpation by the Commission for approving of Public Preachers, but at whose presentation I know not.” In 1667 Sir Robert Brooks presented him to the rectory of Wanstead, in Essex, which he also held till his death. ↩

  653. It is said that these woolpacks were placed in the House of Lords for the judges to sit on, so that the fact that wool was a main source of our national wealth might be kept in the popular mind. The Lord Chancellor’s seat is now called the Woolsack. ↩

  654. Henry Hickman, a native of Worcestershire, took the degree of B.A. at St. Catherine’s Hall, Cambridge, and, migrating to Oxford, obtained a fellowship at Magdalen College, from the usurping powers, which he lost in 1660, to make room for the rightful owner. He then retired to Holland and passed most of his time abroad, dying at Leyden in 1692. He wrote several theological tracts, and was considered a severe enemy to the ceremonies of the Church of England. —⁠B. ↩

  655. Colonel John Birch, elected M.P. for Leominster in 1646, and continued until 1660. He represented Penrhyn in the parliament of 1661. ↩

  656. Monk, Duke of Albemarle, was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland with the understanding that he should perform the duties by deputy. ↩

  657. John Robartes, second Lord Robartes, afterwards (1661) Lord Privy Seal, advanced to the Earldom of Radnor, 1679. Lord Robartes went again to Ireland as Lord Lieutenant in 1669. Died 1685. ↩

  658. James Butler, afterwards created Duke of Ormond, and K.G., and twice Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. ↩

  659. Dr. (afterwards Sir William) Walker was one of the Judges of the Admiralty. ↩

  660. Phineas Pett, Assistant Master Shipwright at Chatham, was suspended on this frivolous charge, and dismissed in October. ↩

  661. “Melons were hardly known in England till Sir George Gardiner brought one from Spain, when they became in general estimation. The ordinary price was five or six shillings.”

    Quarterly Review, vol. xix

    ↩

  662. The gallery built for the officers of the Navy House remained until the restoration of the church in 1870⁠–⁠71 under the direction of Mr. (now Sir Arthur) Blomfield, A.R.A. The memorial to Pepys, erected in 1884, was placed on the wall where the gallery was situated. ↩

  663. Thomas Pepys, M.A., M.D., son of Talbot Pepys of Middle Temple and Impington, born at Norwich, June 5th, 1621, Fellow of Trinity Hall, Cambridge. He died unmarried at Impington. ↩

  664. Jo. Barclaii Argenis. Lugd. Bat. 1659 is in the Pepysian Library, as also the second and third parts published in 1689. ↩

  665. Colonel Adrian Scroope, one of the persons who sat in judgment upon Charles I. ↩

  666. Pepys refers to two Wills. This was Will Wayneman; the other was William Hewer. ↩

  667. Hewer. ↩

  668. 12 Car. II cap. II, an act of free and general pardon, indemnity, and oblivion. ↩

  669. The fashion of placing black patches on the face was introduced towards the close of the reign of Charles I, and the practice is ridiculed in the Spectator. ↩

  670. Probably Josiah Child (born 1630), Deputy Treasurer of the Fleet, Mayor of Portsmouth, Director, and afterwards Chairman of the East India Company, which he ruled despotically. He wrote Brief Observations on Trade, 1668, a second edition of which appeared in 1690 as A New Discourse of Trade, and which went through many subsequent editions. He was created a baronet in 1678, and died June 22nd, 1699. ↩

  671. Mary, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange, who died in December of this year. ↩

  672. Claude Lamoral, Prince de Ligne, had commanded the cavalry in the Low Countries, was afterwards Viceroy of Sicily and Governor of Milan. He died at Madrid in 1679. He had married, by dispensation, his cousin Maria Clara of Nassau, widow of his brother Albert Henry, who had died without issue. In our own time his descendant, the Prince de Ligne, was Ambassador Extraordinary from Belgium at the coronation of Queen Victoria. —⁠B. ↩

  673. Henry Ferne, born at York in 1602, D.D. 1643, Chaplain Extraordinary to Charles I, Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, Dean of Ely, 1662, Bishop of Chester, February, 1661⁠–⁠62, and died five weeks after his consecration on the 16th March. He wrote many controversial pamphlets. ↩

  674. Gustavus XI, King of Sweden. ↩

  675. “Both Sir Williams” is a favourite expression with Pepys, meaning Sir William Batten and Sir William Penn. ↩

  676. Colonel, afterwards Sir Robert Slingsby, Bart., appointed Comptroller of the Navy in 1660. He died October 28th, 1661, and Pepys grieved for his loss. ↩

  677. Philip, Duke of Anjou, afterwards Duke of Orleans, brother of Louis XIV (born 1640, died 1701), married the Princess Henrietta, youngest daughter of Charles I, who was born June 16th, 1644, at Exeter. She was known as “La belle Henriette.” In May, 1670, she came to Dover on a political mission from Louis XIV to her brother Charles II, but the visit was undertaken much against the wish of her husband. Her death occurred on her return to France, and was attributed to poison. It was the occasion of one of the finest of Bossuet’s Oraisons Funèbres. ↩

  678. Hugh Peters, born at Fowey, Cornwall, and educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he graduated M.A. 1622. He was tried as one of the regicides, and executed. A broadside, entitled The Welsh Hubub, or the Unkennelling and Earthing of Hugh Peters That Crafty Fox, was printed October 3rd, 1660. ↩

  679. Major Hart; he lived in Cannon Street; see post, September 20th. ↩

  680. The Trained Bands were abolished in 1663, but those of the City of London were specially excepted. The officers of the Trained Bands were supplied by the Hon. Artillery Company. ↩

  681. The Bear at the Bridge foot was a famous tavern at the Southwark end of old London Bridge, on the west side of High Street. It was pulled down in December, 1761. ↩

  682. Liberty to hold an annual fair in Southwark on September 7th, 8th, and 9th, was granted to the City of London by the charter of 2 Edward IV (November 2nd, 1462). Though the allowed time for its continuance by charter was only three days, it generally continued, like other fairs, for fourteen days. ↩

  683. Thomæ Bartholini Anatomia, Hagæ Comitis, 1660, Joannis Rosini Antiquitatum Romanarum Corpus, Amstelodami, 1685, Petri Gassendi Institutio Astronomica, 1683, are in Pepys’s library. ↩

  684. A gold coin varying in value at different times from 6s. 8d. to 10s. ↩

  685. Elizabeth Stradwick, sister of Richard Pepys, and wife of Thomas Stradwick. ↩

  686. Probably an Indian rattan cane. ↩

  687. Elegies on the Duke of Gloucester’s death were printed. One of these was entitled, “Some Teares dropped on the Herse of the incomparable Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester.” ↩

  688. The Mitre in Wood Street was kept by William Proctor, who died insolvent of the plague, 1665 (see July 31st, 1665). The tavern was destroyed in the Great Fire (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 800). ↩

  689. Nathaniel Hardy, D.D., was for many years preacher at the church of St. Dionis Backchurch, and on August 10th, 1660, he was appointed rector of that parish. He was son of Anthony Hardy, and born in the Old Bailey, September 14th, 1618. He became a prominent Presbyterian minister, but after the Treaty of Uxbridge, 1644, he changed his opinions, and preached a recantation sermon in London. He was appointed Dean of Rochester, December 10th, 1660, and vicar of St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields. Died at Croydon, June 1st, 1670, and was buried in the church of St. Martin’s. ↩

  690. Aubrey de Vere, then twentieth Earl of Oxford, survived till March 12, 1702⁠–⁠3, when the title became extinct. ↩

  691. This is the Mall in St. James’s Park, which was made by Charles II, the former Mall (Pall Mall) having been built upon during the Commonwealth. Charles II also formed the canal by throwing the several small ponds into one. ↩

  692. “The Queen-mother of France,” says Ward, in his Diary, p. 177, “died at Agrippina, 1642, and her son Louis, 1643, for whom King Charles mourned in Oxford in purple, which is Prince’s mourning.” ↩

  693. According to Noble, Jeremiah White married Lady Frances Cromwell’s waiting-woman, in Oliver’s lifetime, and they lived together fifty years. Lady Frances had two husbands, Mr. Robert Rich and Sir John Russell of Chippenham, the last of whom she survived fifty-two years dying 1721⁠–⁠22 The story is, that Oliver found White on his knees to Frances Cromwell, and that, to save himself, he pretended to have been soliciting her interest with her waiting-woman, whom Oliver compelled him to marry. (Noble’s Life of Cromwell, vol. ii pp. 151, 152.) White was born in 1629 and died 1707. ↩

  694. Elizabeth, wife of Oliver Cromwell. ↩

  695. “A game at cards not unlike Loo, but with this difference, the winner of one trick has to put in a double stake, the winner of two tricks a triple stake, and so on. Thus, if six persons are playing, and the general stake is 1s., suppose A gains the three tricks, he gains 6s., and has to ‘hand i’ the cap,’ or pool, 4s. for the next deal. Suppose A gains two tricks and B one, then A gains 4s. and B 2s., and A has to stake 3s. and B 2s. for the next deal.”

    Hindley’s Tavern Anecdotes

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  696. The Vice-Admiral. ↩

  697. The Old Swan tavern in Thames Street was a very old house, and mention of it is found as early as 1323. There is a token of Richard Evans dated 1668, which must have been issued from the new building, as the old tavern was destroyed in the Great Fire (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 768). ↩

  698. Samphire was formerly a favourite pickle; hence the “dangerous trade” of the samphire gatherer (King Lear, act iv sc. 6) who supplied the demand. It was sold in the streets, and one of the old London cries was “I ha’ Rock Samphier, Rock Samphier!” ↩

  699. A fort four miles east of Dunkirk, probably dismantled when that town was sold to Louis XIV. ↩

  700. In the Strand; built, under the auspices of James I, in 1608, out of the stables of Durham House, the site of the present Adelphi. The New Exchange stood where Coutts’s banking-house now is. “It was built somewhat on the model of the Royal Exchange, with cellars beneath, a walk above, and rows of shops over that, filled chiefly with milliners, sempstresses, and the like.” It was also called “Britain’s Burse.”

    “He has a lodging in the Strand⁠ ⁠… to watch when ladies are gone to the china houses, or to the Exchange, that he may meet them by chance and give them presents, some two or three hundred pounds worth of toys, to be laughed at.”

    Ben Jonson, The Silent Woman, act i sc. 1

    ↩

  701. Probably Joyce Norton, see note 88. ↩

  702. Pepys apparently was ignorant of the instructions in the Levitical law, “Then shalt thou kill the ram, and take of his blood and put it upon the tip of the right ear of Aaron, and upon the tip of the right ear of his sons, and upon the thumb of their right hand, and upon the great toe of their right foot.” Exodus 29:20. (See also Leviticus 8:23, 14:14.) ↩

  703. Richard Pepys, eldest son of Richard Pepys, Lord Chief Justice of Ireland. He went to Boston, Mass., in 1634, and returned to England about 1646. ↩

  704. William Wilde, elected Recorder on November 3rd, 1659, and appointed one of the commissioners sent to Breda to desire Charles II to return to England immediately. He was knighted after the King’s return, called to the degree of Serjeant, and created a baronet, all in the same year. In 1668 he ceased to be Recorder, and was appointed judge of the Court of Common Pleas. In 1673 he was removed to the King’s Bench. He was turned out of his office in 1679 on account of his action in connection with the Popish Plot, and died November 23rd of the same year. ↩

  705. James Howell directed a letter from Middleburg in Zealand, June 6th, 1619, to “Captain Francis Bacon, at the Glass house in Broad Street.” Monk was lodged there in February, 1659⁠–⁠60. The place was burned in the Great Fire. ↩

  706. Luke Cheynell, a hop merchant, is mentioned not very respectfully in Select City Quæries, by Mercurius Philalethes, Part I, London, 1660. This may be the same person. ↩

  707. Colonel, afterwards Sir Robert Slingsby, Comptroller of the Navy, whose father, Sir Guildford Slingsby, held the same office. See ante, September 5th. ↩

  708. Sir Richard Ford was one of the commissioners sent to Breda to desire Charles II to return to England immediately. ↩

  709. The Mercurius Politicus of September 30th, 1658, sets forth:

    That excellent and by all Physicians, approved, China drink, called by the Chineans Tcha, by other nations Tay alias Tee, is sold at the Sultaness Head Coffeehouse, in Sweetings Rents, by the “Royal Exchange, London.”

    “Coffee, chocolate, and a kind of drink called tee, sold in almost every street in 1659.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    It is stated in Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 593 “that the word tea occurs on no other tokens than those issued from ‘the Great Turk’ (Morat ye Great) coffeehouse in Exchange Alley. The Dutch East India Company introduced tea into Europe in 1610, and it is said to have been first imported into England from Holland about 1650. The English “East India Company” purchased and presented 2lbs. of tea to Charles II in 1660, and 23⅔lbs. in 1666. The first order for its importation by the company was in 1668, and the first consignment of it, amounting to 143lbs., was received from Bantam in 1669 (see Sir George Birdwood’s Report on the Old Records at the India Office, 1890, p. 26). By act 12 Car. II, capp. 23, 24, a duty of 8d. per gallon was imposed upon the infusion of tea, as well as on chocolate and sherbet. ↩

  710. “The Princess Royal came from Gravesend to Whitehall by water, attended by a noble retinue of about one hundred persons, gentry, and servants, and tradesmen, and tirewomen, and others, that took that opportunity to advance their fortunes, by coming in with so excellent a Princess as without question she is.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    A broadside, entitled Ourania, the High and Mighty Lady the Princess Royal of Aurange, Congratulated on Her Most Happy Arrival, September the 25th, 1660, was printed on the 29th. ↩

  711. The Tredagh, a third-rate of fifty guns, had its name changed to Resolution. ↩

  712. A shoal in the North Sea, off the Thames mouth, outside the Long Sand, fifteen miles N.N.E. of the North Foreland. It measures seven miles northeastward, and about two miles in breadth. It is partly dry at low water. A revolving light was set up in 1840. ↩

  713. A Prospect of the Most Famous Parts of the World⁠ ⁠… by John Speed, London, 1631, is in the Pepysian Library. ↩

  714. Sir Wm. Doyly was M.P. for the borough of Great Yarmouth. ↩

  715. This is the first mention in the Diary of this famous prince, third son of Frederick, Prince Palatine of the Rhine, and Elizabeth, daughter of James I, born December 17th, 1619. He died at his house in Spring Gardens, November 29th, 1682. ↩

  716. The four humours of the body described by the old physicians were supposed to exert their influence upon the mind, and in course of time the mind as well as the body was credited with its own particular humours. The modern restricted use of the word humour did not become general until the eighteenth century. ↩

  717. John Pepys of Cottenham (who died 1604) married the daughter of John Bendish of Bower Hall, Steeple Bumsted, co. Essex, so they may have thought there was some relationship. Sir Thomas Bendish was an Essex baronet, and for many years English ambassador at the Porte. ↩

  718. Dr. Accepted Frewen, Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, died March 28th, 1664. ↩

  719. Brian Duppa, translated from Salisbury, died March 26th, 1662. ↩

  720. William Roberts, elected 1637, died August 12th, 1665. ↩

  721. John Warner, elected 1637, died October 14th, 1666, aged eighty-six. ↩

  722. William Pierce, translated from Peterborough, 1632, died April, 1670. ↩

  723. Humphrey Henchman, elected 1660, translated to London, 1663, died October 7th, 1675, aged eighty-three. ↩

  724. William Spurstow, D.D., Vicar of Hackney and Master of Catherine Hall, Cambridge, both which pieces of preferment he lost for nonconformity, 1662. ↩

  725. Anne Hyde, born March 12th, 1637, daughter of Edward, first Earl of Clarendon. She was attached to the court of the Princess of Orange, daughter of Charles I, 1654, and contracted to James, Duke of York, at Breda, November 24th, 1659. The marriage was avowed in London September 3rd, 1660. She joined the Church of Rome in 1669, and died March 31st, 1671. ↩

  726. The Duke of York married Anne Hyde, and he avowed the marriage September 3rd, so that Pepys was rather behindhand in his information. ↩

  727. James Lamb, D.D., installed prebendary of Westminster July 23rd, 1660, rector of St. Andrew’s, Holborn, 1662, died 1664. ↩

  728. Fuller’s Church History of Britain. There is a copy of the edition of 1656 in the Pepysian Library. ↩

  729. Lord Sandwich’s portrait by Lely, see post, 22nd of this same month. ↩

  730. A figurative expression for an eager longing desire, used by Udall and by Spenser. The latest authority given by Dr. Murray in the New English Dictionary, is Bailey in 1725. ↩

  731. The usual corruption of the name Rotherhithe. ↩

  732. Sir Hardress Waller, Knt., one of Charles I’s judges. His sentence was commuted to imprisonment for life. ↩

  733. Thomas Scott, the regicide Secretary of State. See ante, note 112. ↩

  734. John Cook, a member of Gray’s Inn, appointed Solicitor-General for the Commonwealth, and ordered to prepare the charge against Charles I. Owing to the illness of the Attorney-General, the conduct of the prosecution fell chiefly upon him. He was rewarded for his services by being made Master of the Hospital of St. Cross. In 1655 appointed Justice of the Court of Upper Bench in Ireland. He was excluded by name from the Act of Indemnity, and executed October 16th, 1660. He wrote several pamphlets, some of which were very scurrilous in language. ↩

  735. See ante, September 5th. ↩

  736. General Thomas Harrison, son of a butcher at Newcastle-under-Lyme, appointed by Cromwell to convey Charles I from Windsor to Whitehall, in order to his trial. He signed the warrant for the execution of the King. He was hanged, drawn, and quartered on the 13th. ↩

  737. Second son of John Bridgeman, Bishop of Chester, became, after the Restoration, successively Chief Baron of the Exchequer, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, and Lord Keeper of the Great Seal (1667). He was created a baronet in 1660. In 1672 he was removed from the office of Lord Keeper, and he died June 25th, 1674. ↩

  738. It is said that Le Notre, the architect of the groves and grottos at Versailles, was engaged by Charles II to arrange the improvements in St. James’s Park, but Dr. Morison seems to have been the King’s chief adviser. ↩

  739. The Cockpit theatre in Drury Lane. ↩

  740. Nicholas Burt ranked in the list of good actors after the Restoration, though he resigned the part of Othello to Hart, who had previously acted Cassio when Burt took the Moor.

    Davies’ Dramatic Miscellanies, vol. i p. 221

    ↩

  741. In Fleet Street, opposite Clifford’s Inn Passage. The keeper of the tavern appears to have been Edward Oldham, who issued a token (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 604). ↩

  742. Major (afterwards Colonel) Norwood, Deputy Governor of Tangier. ↩

  743. Dr. Herbert Croft, Dean of Hereford, consecrated Bishop of Hereford, February 9th, 1661⁠–⁠2. He succeeded Bishop Morley as Dean of the Chapel. Burnet says, “Crofts was a warm devout man, but of no discretion in his conduct; so he lost ground quickly. He used much freedom with the King, but it was in the wrong place, not in private but in the pulpit.” Bishop Croft died at Hereford, May 18th, 1691. ↩

  744. John Carew signed the warrant for the execution of Charles I. He held the religion of the Fifth Monarchists, and was tried October 12th, 1660. He refused to avail himself of many opportunities of escape, and suffered death with much composure. ↩

  745. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, first printed in 1639, and again in 1661. ↩

  746. Col. Francis Hacker commanded the guards at the King’s execution. ↩

  747. Axtell had guarded the High Court of Justice. ↩

  748. Crowe was fined for Alderman in 1663, see post, December 1st of that year, but he appears to have taken the office subsequently, see October 15th, 1668. ↩

  749. The old gate was taken down in 1617, and rebuilt in the same year from a design by Gerard Christmas. The gate was injured in the Great Fire, but was repaired and remained until 1761. ↩

  750. Peter Lely, afterwards knighted. He lived in the Piazza, Covent Garden. This portrait was bought by Lord Braybrooke at Mr. Pepys Cockerell’s sale in 1848, and is now at Audley End. ↩

  751. The edition in the Pepysian Library of Certain Sermons or Homilies Appointed to Be Read in Churches is dated 1673. ↩

  752. See ante, August 8th. ↩

  753. The child was born October 22nd. ↩

  754. William Lilly, the astrologer and almanac-maker, born 1602. He lived in the Strand, and died in 1681. His Merlinus Anglicus Junior was read to the Parliament’s troops in Scotland as promising victory. ↩

  755. Elias Ashmole, the antiquary, born May 23rd, 1617. He was for a time in the royal army, but subsequently he settled in London, and became associated with the astrologers. He was made Windsor Herald on June 18th, 1660. Died May 18th, 1692. ↩

  756. John Booker, astrologer (born 1603, died 1667); mentioned in Hudibras, part ii, canto iii, line 1093. ↩

  757. Eugene Maurice of Savoy, youngest son of Thomas of Savoy, by Marie de Bourbon, Countess of Soissons, whose title he inherited. He married Olympia Mancini, one of the nieces of Cardinal Mazarin, more than suspected of poisoning practices (like the Brinvilliers). His youngest son was the celebrated general, Prince Eugene of Savoy. —⁠B. ↩

  758. The History of the Thrice Illustrious Princess Henrietta Maria de Bourbon Queen of England. London 1660. Dedicated “to the Paragon of Virtue and Beauty, her Grace the Dutchess of Aubemarle, etc.,” by John Dauncy. The dedication ends with the wish “that the Rising Sun of your Grace’s Virtues and Honours may still soar higher, but never know a declension.” ↩

  759. Alderman Sir Richard Browne was one of the commissioners sent to Charles II at Breda to desire his speedy return to England. See note 248. ↩

  760. Johannis Henrici Alstedii Encyclopædia, 1630, bound in two volumes folio, is in the Pepysian Library. ↩

  761. Lord Hinchinbroke and Sidney Montagu. ↩

  762. When the calendar was reformed in England by the act 24 Geo. II c. 23, different provisions were made as regards those anniversaries which affect directly the rights of property and those which do not. Thus the old quarter days are still noted in our almanacs, and a curious survival of this is brought home to payers of income tax. The fiscal year still begins on old Lady-day, which now falls on April 6th. All ecclesiastical fasts and feasts and other commemorations which did not affect the rights of property were left on their nominal days, such as the execution of Charles I on January 30th and the restoration of Charles II on May 29th. The change of Lord Mayor’s day from the 29th of October to the 9th of November was not made by the act for reforming the calendar (c. 23), but by another act of the same session (c. 48), entitled “An Act for the Abbreviation of Michaelmas Term,” by which it was enacted, “that from and after the said feast of St. Michael, which shall be in the year 1752, the said solemnity of presenting and swearing the mayors of the city of London, after every annual election into the said office, in the manner and form heretofore used on the 29th day of October, shall be kept and observed on the ninth day of November in every year, unless the same shall fall on a Sunday, and in that case on the day following.” ↩

  763. Officers of the Wardrobe. ↩

  764. Wife of Mr. Davis, belonging to the Navy Office. The appellation of my Lady is used in the same sense as the French word Madame. —⁠B. ↩

  765. The Woman’s Prize, or Tamer Tamed, a comedy by John Fletcher, and a sort of sequel to Shakespeare’s Taming of the Shrew, published in the folio edition of Beaumont and Fletcher, 1647. ↩

  766. At Walthamstow. ↩

  767. Pepys might well be anxious on this point, for in October of this year Phineas Pett, assistant master shipwright at Chatham, was dismissed from his post for having when a Child spoken disrespectfully of the King. See ante, August 23rd. ↩

  768. Rev. Thomas Case, see ante, May 15th. ↩

  769. Rev. Simeon Ash, one of the leading Presbyterian ministers. ↩

  770. Philip Nye, minister of Kimbolton and rector of Acton, Middlesex. He succeeded Daniel Featley in the latter living in 1642, and was turned out at the Restoration. He died in 1672. ↩

  771. Thomas Holliard or Hollier was appointed in 1638 surgeon for scald heads at St. Thomas’s Hospital, and on January 25th, 1643⁠–⁠4, he was chosen surgeon in place of Edward Molins. In 1670 his son of the same names was allowed to take his place during his illness. Ward, in his Diary, p. 235, mentions that the porter at St. Thomas’s Hospital told him, in 1661, of Mr. Holyard’s having cut thirty for the stone in one year, who all lived. ↩

  772. “Nov. 2. The Queen-mother and the Princess Henrietta came into London, the Queen having left this land nineteen years ago. Her coming was very private, Lambeth-way, where the King, Queen, and the Duke of York, and the rest, took water, crossed the Thames, and all safely arrived at Whitehall.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    ↩

  773. The bookseller’s, see ante, February 12th, 1659⁠–⁠60. ↩

  774. St. Olave’s, Hart Street. ↩

  775. Dr. Rimbault says that Father Smith built his organ in Westminster Abbey in 1662, and that it cost £120 (Hopkins on the Organ, 1855, p. 82). The organ which Pepys heard must therefore have been one put in temporarily. ↩

  776. See ante, August 30th. ↩

  777. The Henrietta was formerly the Lambert, see ante, May 23rd. ↩

  778. The old-fashioned custom of sale by auction by inch of candle was continued in sales by the Admiralty to a somewhat late date. See September 3rd, 1662. ↩

  779. To cry was to bid. ↩

  780. Mr. Borfett was Lord Sandwich’s chaplain, see ante, July 29th. ↩

  781. Afterwards Sir Stephen Fox, see ante, May 24th. ↩

  782. William Lawes, elder brother of the more celebrated Henry Lawes, and educated under the same master, John Cooper. For a time he held the situation of a gentleman of the chapel, but at the outbreak of the Civil War he entered the royal army and obtained the rank of captain. He was killed at the siege of Chester, in 1645. Charles I regretted his loss greatly, and went in to mourning for him. The chief work of Lawes was Choice Psalms Put Into Music for Three Voices. The Psalms were set to the well-known paraphrase of Sandys, and this volume was published in 1648 by Henry Lawes. ↩

  783. “A Proclamation to restrain the abuses of Hackney Coaches in the Cities of London and Westminster and the Suburbs thereof.”

    Notes and Queries, First Series, vol. viii p. 122

    “In April, 1663, the poor widows of hackney-coachmen petitioned for some relief, as the parliament had reduced the number of coaches to 400; there were before, in and about London, more than 2,000.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    ↩

  784. This Dutch pleasure boat is mentioned on August 15th, 1660. On January 13th, 1660⁠–⁠61, Pepys comes to the conclusion that Pett’s yacht is much superior to the Dutch boat. ↩

  785. Montelion, the Prophetical Almanac for the Year 1660, 8vo, with frontispiece, by John Phillips. The Montelions for 1661 and 1662 were written by Thomas Flatman. It would appear that Pepys bought the Montelion for 1661. ↩

  786. The Rump, or the Mirror of the Late Times, a comedy by John Tatham, acted at Dorset Court, and printed in 1660 and 1661. ↩

  787. The date of the origin of smoke-jacks does not appear to be known, but the first patent taken out for an improved smoke-jack by Peter Clare is dated December 24th, 1770. The smoke-jack consists of a wind-wheel fixed in the chimney, which communicates motion by means of an endless band to a pulley, whence the motion is transmitted to the spit by gearing. In the valuable introduction to the volume of Abridgments of Specifications Relating to Cooking, 1634⁠–⁠1866 (Patent Office), mention is made of an Italian work by Bartolomeo Scappi, published first at Rome in 1572, and afterwards reprinted at Venice in 1622, which gives a complete account of the kitchens of the time and the utensils used in them. In the plates several roasting-jacks are represented, one worked by smoke or hot air and one by a spring. ↩

  788. Painful, i.e. painstaking or laborious. Latimer speaks of the “painful magistrates.” ↩

  789. Cornelianum dolium is a Latin comedy, by T. R., published at London in 1638. Douce attributed it to Thomas Randolph (d. 1635). The book has a frontispiece representing the sweating tub which, from the name of the patient, was styled Cornelius’s tub. There is a description of the play in the European Magazine, vol. xxxvii (1805), p. 343. ↩

  790. Sir Arnold Breames, Brahams, or Brames, of Bridge Court, Kent, was son of Charles Breames, of Dover, and was knighted at Canterbury, May 27th, 1660. He married, first, Joanna, daughter of Walter Henflete (or Septvans), secondly, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Dudley Digges, Master of the Rolls, and thirdly, Margaret, daughter of Sir Thomas Palmer, of Wingham, Bart. ↩

  791. “The contract of bottomry is a negotiable instrument, which may be put in suit by the person to whom it is transferred; it is in use in all countries of maritime commerce and interests. A contract in the nature of a mortgage of a ship, when the owner of it borrows money to enable him to carry on the voyage, and pledges the keel or bottom of the ship as a security for the repayment. If the ship be lost the lender loses his whole money; but if it returns in safety, then he shall receive back his principal, and also the premium stipulated to be paid, however it may exceed the usual or legal rate of interest.”

    Smyth’s Sailor’s Word Book

    ↩

  792. Rev. John Turner, rector of Eynesbury. ↩

  793. Elizabeth Pickering, who married John Creed in 1668. ↩

  794. A celebrated place of entertainment in the Strand, by Temple Bar, largely associated with the fame of Ben Jonson. The Royal Society held its dinners here for many years. In 1787 Messrs. Child, the bankers, bought the freehold, and pulling the building down erected Child’s Place on the site. This was destroyed in 1879. ↩

  795. The lyre viol is a viol with extra open bass strings, holding the same relation to the viol as the theorbo does to the lute. A volume entitled Music’s Recreation on the Lyra Viol, was printed by John Playford in 1650. ↩

  796. “Elizabeth Woodcock, evidently his second wife, as his daughter Martha is often mentioned, married February 3rd, 1658⁠–⁠59, to Sir W. Batten; and, secondly, in 1671, to a foreigner called, in the register of Battersea parish, Lord Leyonberg. Lady Leighenberg was buried at Walthamstow, September 16th, 1681.

    Lysons’ Environs

    Sir James Barkman Leyenberg, the envoy from Sweden, was resident in England till 1682, or later. See January 21st, 1666⁠–⁠67. His name occurs in The Intelligencer, March 12th, 1663⁠–⁠64, as delayed at Stockholm by a fever, though his despatches were ready. A hostile message appears to have passed between him and Pepys, in November, 1670, but the duel was prevented. Perhaps they quarrelled about the money due from Sir W. Batten to Pepys, for which the widow was liable. —⁠B. ↩

  797. Muscadine or muscadel, a rich sort of wine. Vinum muscatum quod moschi odorem referat.

    “Quaffed off the muscadel, and threw the sops
    All in the sexton’s face.”

    Shakespeare, Taming of the Shrew, act iii sc. 2

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  798. There is a token of the Leg in New Palace Yard, which was a famous tavern at this time (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 684). ↩

  799. The Globe is given as one of the taverns in Cornhill in the list of taverns in London and Westminster, 1698 (Harl. MS. 4716). ↩

  800. This was Killigrew’s, or the King’s House, opened for the first time November 8th, 1660. ↩

  801. The Beggar’s Bush, a comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, published in the 1647 edition of their plays. ↩

  802. Michael Mohun, or Moone, the celebrated actor, who had borne a major’s commission in the King’s army. The period of his death is uncertain, but he is known to have been dead in 1691. Downes relates that an eminent poet [Lee] seeing him act Mithridates

    “vented suddenly this saying: ‘Oh, Mohun, Mohun, thou little man of mettle, if I should write a 100, I’d write a part for thy mouth.’ ”

    Roscius Anglicanus, p. 17

    ↩

  803. The Cockpit at Whitehall. The plays at the Cockpit in Drury Lane were acted in the afternoon. ↩

  804. John Singleton, appointed, 1660, one of the musicians of the sackbuts in place of William Lanier. From the sackbut he advanced to the violin, and lastly to the flute. He is mentioned by Dryden in MacFlecknoe, and by Shadwell in Bury Fair. He was one of the King’s twenty-four fiddlers in 1674; see North’s Memoirs of Music, ed. Rimbault, 1846, p. 99 (note). He died 1686, and was buried (April 7th), in the churchyard of St. Paul’s, Covent Garden. ↩

  805. A hard, compact, black-green wood, obtained from Guaiacum officinale, from which pestles, ship-blocks, rollers, castors, etc., are turned. ↩

  806. Mr. Cade was a stationer in Cornhill. ↩

  807. Pope’s Head Alley, a footway from Cornhill to Lombard Street, named after the Pope’s Head Tavern, was at this time famous for its cutlers. ↩

  808. A gorget or neckerchief worn by women at this time.

    “A woman’s neck whisk is used both plain and laced, and is called of most a gorget or falling whisk, because it falleth about the shoulders.”

    Randle Holme (quoted by Planché)

    ↩

  809. There is a token of “Robert Chamberlaine at the Maypole in the Strand,” so that it may have been at this house that Pepys alighted (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 755). ↩

  810. The King’s House, near Lincoln’s Inn Fields, see ante, November 20th. ↩

  811. The Traitor, a tragedy by James Shirley, licensed May 4th, 1631, and first printed in 1635. ↩

  812. Michael Mohun, see note 802. ↩

  813. Laud Crisp. ↩

  814. Henry Jermyn, second son of Sir Thomas Jermyn, born about 1604, created Baron Jermyn of St. Edmondsbury about 1643; advanced to the earldom of St. Albans, 1660, K.G. 1672. Died January 2nd, 1683⁠–⁠4. He was supposed to be married to the Queen Dowager, Henrietta Maria. ↩

  815. Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) is celebrated for its intensely bitter, tonic, and stimulating qualities, which have caused it to be used in various medicinal preparations, and also in the making of liqueurs, as wormwood wine and crême d’absinthe. ↩

  816. Both these songs by Henry Lawes have been mentioned before. “Help, Help, O Help, Divinity of Love” (see June 5th, 1660). “O King of Heaven and Hell” (not “O God”) is the same as “Orpheus’ Hymn” (see March 4th, 1659⁠–⁠60). Henry Lawes was the friend of Milton and composed the music for Comus, performed at Ludlow Castle in 1634. He set the anthem, “Zadok the Priest,” for the coronation of Charles II. He died October 21st, 1662, and was buried in the Cloisters, Westminster Abbey. ↩

  817. John Wilkins, D.D., born 1614, took the Parliament side, and was made Warden of Wadham College, Oxford. In 1656 he married Robina, the widow of Dr. French and sister of Oliver Cromwell. He was appointed Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1659, but was ejected in 1660. Consecrated Bishop of Chester, November 15th, 1668. He died November 19th, 1672. He was one of the founders of the Royal Society, and jokes were often made respecting the publication of his work, The Discovery of a New World. ↩

  818. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, first printed in 1616. After the Restoration it was one of the plays acted by Killigrew’s company. ↩

  819. For “bill of imprest.” In Italian imprestare means “to lend.” In the ancient accounts of persons officially employed by the crown, money advanced, paid on, account, was described as “de prestito,” or “in prestitis.” —⁠M. B. ↩

  820. John Holland was secretary to Sir G. Carteret, then Treasurer of the Navy, and was author of A Brief Discourse on the Navy, written in 1638. See July 25th, 1662. ↩

  821. The system of tickets afterwards gave great trouble, and caused much discontent. —⁠B. ↩

  822. Henry Pinckney (sometimes called Major Pinckney) of the Three Squirrels in Fleet Street over against St. Dunstan’s Church. He was founder of the banking firm now known as Messrs. Goslings and Sharpe (see Hilton Price’s Handbook of London Bankers, 1876, p. 63). He must not be confounded with Leonard Pinckney, one of the Four Tellers of the Receipt of the Exchequer. ↩

  823. “The Fleece Tavern, in York Street, Covent Garden,” observes John Aubrey, in his Miscellanies, p. 31, “was very unfortunate for homicides; there have been several killed; three in my time. It is now (1692) a private house.” In Rugge’s Diurnal is the following entry: “Nov. 1660. One Sir John Gooscall was unfortunately killed in the Fleece Tavern, Covent Garden, by one Balendin, a Scotchman, who was taken, and committed to the Gatehouse in this month.” The tavern was on the west side of Bridges Street, about six doors south of Russell Street. If Aubrey did not blunder there may have been a back entrance from York Street. William Clifton was the keeper of the tavern. ↩

  824. Ben Jonson’s Epicœne, first published in 1609. ↩

  825. The names of Cromwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw are not found in the Registers of Westminster Abbey. Colonel Chester, in his edition of the Registers (p. 521), prints the royal warrant for a further exhumation of Commonwealth personages, dated September 9th, 1661. This warrant contains twenty-one names, and these bodies were re-interred on the green on the north side of the Abbey, between the north transept and the west end. ↩

  826. Killigrew’s house, see ante November 20th and 22nd, and above on the 4th of this month. Pepys sometimes calls it the Theatre and at others the Playhouse. ↩

  827. Falstaff was acted by Cartwright, but neither Downes nor Genest give the names of the actors who took the characters of Justice Shallow and Dr. Caius. ↩

  828. Jonas Moore was born at Whitley, Lancashire, February 8th, 1617, and was appointed by Charles I tutor to the Duke of York. Soon after the Restoration he was knighted and made Surveyor-General of the Ordnance. He was famous as a mathematician, and was one of the founders of the Royal Society. He died August 27th, 1679, and at his funeral sixty pieces of ordnance were discharged at the Tower. ↩

  829. There were taverns with this sign in the Strand and Fleet Street. They are registered in the list of taverns in London and Westminster in 1698 (Harl. MS. 4716). ↩

  830. The Middlesex Sessions House in St. John Street, Clerkenwell, named after Sir Baptist Hicks, one of the justices, and afterwards Viscount Campden, at whose cost it was built in 1612. The Sessions House was removed to the present building on Clerkenwell Green in 1782. ↩

  831. Mrs. Crisp. ↩

  832. Which forms part of his Church History, book vi. ↩

  833. Artamène ou le Grand Cyrus, by Madeleine de Scudéry, the second of her works, which was published in 1650. ↩

  834. All instruments of the harpsichord and spinet kind were styled virginals. ↩

  835. The Assurance was a fourth-rate of forty guns, built at Deptford in 1646 by P. Pett, sen. ↩

  836. John Stoakes, late captain of the Royal Henry. ↩

  837. John Denham, son of Sir John Denham, Lord Chief Justice of the King’s Bench in Ireland, born at Dublin in 1615, appointed at the Restoration Surveyor-General of the Works, and created a Knight of the Bath at the Coronation of Charles II; better known as the author of Cooper’s Hill. He was one of the original Fellows of the Royal Society. His troubles with his second wife are related further on in the Diary. He died March, 1668⁠–⁠9, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. ↩

  838. Kennard was master-joiner at Whitehall, see February 11th, 1660⁠–⁠61. ↩

  839. Nothing further appears to have been done in respect to Sir Robert Slingsby’s scheme of an Order of Knights of the Sea. ↩

  840. The Stocks originally stood on the site of the Mansion House. At this time the place was occupied by a market. ↩

  841. Sir Charles Berkeley, in the Memoirs of Grammont improperly called Sir George Berkeley, created Baron Berkeley of Rathdown and Viscount Fitzharding of Bearhaven (in Ireland) in 1663, and Earl of Falmouth in 1665, was the confidant and favourite of the king. He was killed at Southwold Bay, in the seafight, June 2nd, 1665, and the earldom became extinct. The Duke of York had married Anne Hyde on the 3rd September before. ↩

  842. Pepys seems to have been let off very easily, for, by Act of Parliament 18 Car. II cap. I (1666), servants were to pay one shilling in the pound of their wages, and others from one shilling to three shillings in the pound. ↩

  843. By the proclamation of January 27th, 1660⁠–⁠61, a double ducat was valued at 18s. and a golden rider at £1 2s. 6d. ↩

  844. Probably the Coffee House in Exchange Alley which had for its sign, Morat, or the Turk’s Head. It is frequently referred to in subsequent pages. ↩

  845. Sir Peter Buck was Clerk of the Cheque at Chatham before his appointment as Clerk of the Acts about 1600. He died in 1625, and was succeeded as Clerk of the Acts by Dennis Fleming. ↩

  846. Simon Beale is mentioned again on September 26th, 1668, where he is said to have been one of Oliver’s guards. ↩

  847. Henry Jermyn, second son of Thomas Jermyn and nephew of the Earl of St. Alban’s, born 1636; Master of the Horse to the Duke of York, 1660⁠–⁠1675; created Baron Dover of Dover, 1685, and Earl of Dover, 1689; succeeded as third Baron Jermyn of St. Edmondsbury, 1703. He died, April 6th, 1708. The report in the text was of course false. ↩

  848. Murrough O’Brien, sixth Baron of Inchiquin, in Ireland, advanced to the earldom of Inchiquin in 1654. ↩

  849. Afterwards Sir John Lawrence. ↩

  850. Sir Thomas Bond was a Roman Catholic Comptroller of the Household to the Queen Dowager; created a baronet in 1658 by Charles II, to whom, whilst in exile, he had advanced large sums. He died in 1685, and lies buried at Camberwell, in which parish he had purchased an estate at Peckham, and built a house alienated by his son, Sir Henry, to Chief Justice Trevor. —⁠B. ↩

  851. Alexander Fraizer, M.D. (of Montpelier), was physician in ordinary to Charles II, and was knighted by the king, with whom he was a great favourite. In 1651 and 1652 he had been in attendance on the royal family at St. Germains. He died May 3rd, 1681. Dr. Munk says, “His character was never of the highest.” Roll of the Royal College of Physicians 1878, vol. ii, p. 232. ↩

  852. The Princess Royal died on December 24th. ↩

  853. William Warren, a rich tradesman of Wapping, was knighted in 1661, see post, April 17th, 1661. Le Neve says he was “a great builder of ships for King Charles II.” A square built on the site of his residence was named “Sir William Warren’s Square.” ↩

  854. Shakespeare’s King Henry IV, presumably the first part, is given by Downes as one of the plays acted by the King’s Servants, and he gives the following cast⁠—“King: Mr. Wintersel; Prince: Mr. Burt; Hotspur: Mr. Hart; Falstaff: Mr. Cartwright; Poyns: Mr. Shatterel.” ↩

  855. Will Wayneman appears by this to have been forgiven for his theft (see ante). He was dismissed on July 8th, 1663. ↩

  856. Or Princess Royal. ↩

  857. This was the rising of the Fifth Monarchy men under Thomas Venner. See post, January 7th, 1660⁠–⁠61. ↩

  858. Anthony Joyce, who married Kate Fenner. ↩

  859. Meat cut crosswise and broiled was said to be carboned. Falstaff says in King Henry IV, Part L, act v, sc. 3, “Well, if Percy be alive, I’ll pierce him. If he do come in my way, so; if he do not, if I come in his willingly, let him make a carbonado of me.” ↩

  860. Robert Barnwell died June, 1662. See June 4th. ↩

  861. The King dissolved the Convention Parliament on December 24th, 1660. The King’s and the Lord Chancellor’s speeches are printed in Cobbett’s Parliamentary History, vol. iv, pp. 170⁠–⁠78. ↩

  862. The Trinity House was at Deptford. In 1671 the Corporation removed to Water Lane, and in 1795 to the present house on Tower Hill. ↩

  863. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, acted at Whitehall in 1622, and published in 1647. It was revived in November, 1660. ↩

  864. Downes does not give the cast of this play. After the Restoration the acting of female characters by women became common. The first English professional actress was Mrs. Coleman, who acted Ianthe in Davenant’s Siege of Rhodes, at Rutland House in 1656. ↩

  865. Several of the Jewel Office rolls are in the British Museum. They recite all the sums of money given to the King, and the particulars of all the plate distributed in his name, as well as gloves and sweetmeats. The Museum possesses these rolls for the 4th, 9th, 18th, 30th, and 31st Eliz.; for the 13th Charles I; and the 23rd, 24th, 26th, and 27th of Charles II —⁠B. ↩

  866. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, first published in 1616. ↩

  867. William Joyce, brother of Anthony, married Mary Fenner. ↩

  868. Peter Beckford, who resided in Dr. Fuller’s neighbourhood. Mr. Beckford, of Maidenhead, tailor, left two sons, one of whom, Thomas, a clothworker, became Sheriff of London, and was knighted on the 29th December, 1677. He is the slop-seller mentioned post, February 21st, 1667⁠–⁠8. His brother, Peter Beckford, probably the person alluded to in January 1st, 1668⁠–⁠9, had a son of the same names, who rose to the rank of colonel in the army, having estates in Jamaica, and settling in that island. He became President of the Council there, in the latter part of Charles II’s reign; was made Governor and Commander-in-Chief by William III, and died (1710) immensely rich. Governor Beckford had a son of the same names, who was father of the well-known Alderman Beckford, and grandfather of the author of Vathek. There is a token of a Peter Beckford in Field Lane, “at the Guy of Worick,” see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 598. ↩

  869. The Fables of Aesop Paraphrased in Verse by John Ogilby, London, 1665, a folio in vellum, is in the Pepysian Library. ↩

  870. The edition of Tully’s Offices in the Pepysian Library is dated 1699. ↩

  871. “A great rising in the city of the Fifth-monarchy men, which did very much disturb the peace and liberty of the people, so that all the train-bands arose in arms, both in London and Westminster, as likewise all the king’s guards; and most of the noblemen mounted, and put all their servants on coach horses, for the defence of his Majesty, and the peace of his kingdom.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    The notorious Thomas Venner, the Fifth-monarchy man, a cooper and preacher to a conventicle in Swan Alley, Coleman Street, with a small following (about fifty in number) took arms on the 6th January for the avowed purpose of establishing the Millennium. He was a violent enthusiast, and persuaded his followers that they were invulnerable. After exciting much alarm in the City, and skirmishing with the Trained Bands, they marched to Caen Wood. They were driven out by a party of guards, but again entered the City, where they were overpowered by the Trained Bands. The men were brought to trial and condemned; four, however, were acquitted and two reprieved. The execution of some of these men is mentioned by Pepys under date January 19th and 21st. “A Relation of the Arraignment and Trial of those who made the late Rebellious Insurrections in London, 1661,” is reprinted in Somers’ Tracts, vol. vii (1812), p. 469. ↩

  872. Ben Jonson’s comedy. Pepys mentions the play before under date June 6th, 1660. ↩

  873. The Widow, a comedy by Ben Jonson, Fletcher, and Middleton, published in 1652. ↩

  874. See ante, January 7th. ↩

  875. The Hoop was in Thames Street, near London Bridge. It is registered in the list of taverns in London and Westminster in 169S (Harl. MS. 4716). ↩

  876. Venner retreated with his followers to Caen Wood (there were about fifty). The extent of Caen Wood must not be estimated by the small portion now surrounding Lord Mansfield’s mansion. ↩

  877. In the list of taverns in London and Westminster and ten miles round in 1698 (Harl. MS. 4716), the taverns at Deptford are given as the Castle, Angel, Swan, King’s Head, and Red Lion. The Globe is not mentioned. ↩

  878. The old expression for a brunette. ↩

  879. And probably a relation, as Mary, daughter of Sir Henry Slingsby (cousin of the Comptroller) married Sir Walter Bethel, of Alne, Yorkshire. ↩

  880. Burnt wine was somewhat similar to mulled wine, and a favourite drink. It is remembered by Bishop Corbet’s witty message to Ben Jonson. Burnt wine is mentioned by Dickens in Our Mutual Friend, book i, chap. xiii. ↩

  881. Dick Shore, now Duck Shore, Limehouse, is a landing place or stairs at the narrow street end of Fore Street. It is not far from the great turn of the river southward, opposite to the Isle of Dogs. Dick’s-Shore, Fore Street, Limehouse, and Dick’s-Shore Alley by Dick’s Shore, are both mentioned in Dodsley’s London and Its Environs, vol. ii, p. 233, edit. 1761. ↩

  882. Peter Pett. The great shipbuilding family of Pett was chiefly connected with the growth of the English navy from the reign of Henry VIII to that of William III, but as the Christian names of Peter and Phineas appear to have been favourites in the family, it is very difficult to distinguish between some of them, and great confusion has been the result. Amongst the original Fellows of the Royal Society are mentioned Peter Pett, Esq., and Sir Peter Pett. The former of these two was the Commissioner (see ante, note 442), and the latter was Advocate-General, and Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford. Peter Pett, Esq., was the fifth son of Phineas Pett, “Master Shipwright to James I,” and was born in 1610. It is frequently stated that he was knighted, but this appears to be incorrect. ↩

  883. Christopher Pett was the eleventh child of Phineas Pett, “Master Shipwright to James I,” and was born May 14th, 1620. ↩

  884. Wife of Captain Arthur Browne, Sir William Batten’s brother-in-law. See February 14th, 1660⁠–⁠61, and for his death, April 27th, 1663. ↩

  885. Captain (afterwards Sir) Roger Cuttance. See note 229. ↩

  886. To forsooth is to address in a polite and ceremonious manner.

    “Your city-mannerly word forsooth, use it not too often in any case.”

    Ben Jonson’s Poetaster, act iv, sc. 1

    ↩

  887. The Sovereign, a first-rate of one hundred guns, was built at Woolwich, in 1657, by Captain Phineas Pett, sen. ↩

  888. Standing’s was in Fleet Street. ↩

  889. There was a Greyhound tavern in Tower Street, of which a token exists (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 777). Pepys may refer to that, or more probably to the Greyhound in Fleet Street, see November 12th, 1662. ↩

  890. Thomas Venner and Roger Hodgkins were executed in Coleman Street; Giles Pritchard and William Oxman at the end of Wood Street. Others were executed in various parts of London. ↩

  891. A tragicomedy, by Sir William Barclay, published in 1638. ↩

  892. This document is in the British Museum, Add. MS. 11,602, and consists of twenty-two closely printed pages. It is entitled, “A Discourse touching the Past and Present State of the Navy, composed by that Ingenious Gentleman, Sir Robert Slingsby, Knt. and Baronet, Comptroller thereof.” —⁠B. ↩

  893. Mercer’s Hall and Chapel occupy the site of the ancient college or hospital of St. Thomas of Acon or Acres. These buildings were destroyed in the Great Fire, and rebuilt about 1672. ↩

  894. Charles II established a Council of Trade “for keeping a control and superintendence upon the whole commerce of the nation” on November 7th, 1660. On December 1st of the same year he created a Council of Foreign Plantations. The two were united in 1672. The present Board of Trade was constituted in 1786. ↩

  895. The Worthies of England was published in 1662. During the Commonwealth period Fuller made a visit to the Committee of Sequestrations sitting at Waltham in Essex, when they talked about his remarkable memory, and he agreed to give them an example. “Gentlemen,” said he, “I will give you an instance of my memory in the particular business in which you are employed. Your worships have thought fit to sequester an honest but poor cavalier parson, my neighbour, from his living, and committed him to prison. He has a large family of children, and his circumstances are but indifferent. If you will please to release him out of prison, and restore him to his living, I will never forget the kindness while I live.” ↩

  896. Many years ago, but within my recollection, it was said that a former Public Orator of Cambridge, when in a similar difficulty, used to begin his sentence with “Verum enimvero.” —⁠M. B. ↩

  897. Martha Batten was the daughter of Sir William Batten, and is frequently mentioned in the Diary. She married Mr. Castle. ↩

  898. Gresham College occupied the house of Sir Thomas Gresham, in Bishopsgate Street, from 1596, when Lady Gresham, Sir Thomas’s widow, died. The meeting which Pepys attended was an early one of the Royal Society, which was incorporated by royal charter in 1663. ↩

  899. The seventh edition of Francis Osborn’s works, 8vo, 1673, is in the Pepysian Library. ↩

  900. Patriarchæ, sive Christi Genealogia, by Emmanuele Tesauro, published at London in 1651 and frequently reprinted. ↩

  901. Algernon Percy, Earl of Northumberland, held the office of Lord High Admiral from March, 1637, to June, 1642. ↩

  902. Richard Rooth, who commanded the Dartmouth⁠—one of the ships which attended Charles II on his return to England from Scheveling. He was knighted March 9th, 1675. ↩

  903. The surgeon and the purser. ↩

  904. For a note on ribbons and garters at weddings, see note 156. ↩

  905. “A Proclamation for the observation of the thirtieth of January as a day of Fast and Humiliation according to the late Act of Parliament for that purpose” is dated January 25th, 1660[⁠–⁠1661]. ↩

  906. “The bodies of Oliver Cromwell, Henry Ireton, John Bradshaw, and Thomas Pride, were dug up out of their graves to be hanged at Tyburn, and buried under the gallows. Cromwell’s vault having been opened, the people crowded very much to see him.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    Henry Ireton (born 1610) married Bridget, eldest daughter of Oliver Cromwell, Jan. 15th, 1646⁠–⁠7. He was afterwards one of Charles I’s judges, and one of the committee who superintended his execution. Lord Deputy of Ireland, 1650. He died at the siege of Limerick, November 26th, 1651. ↩

  907. Stubbes, speaking of the hats worn by the gentlemen of his day, says,

    “As the fashions be rare and strange, so are the things whereof their hats be made, divers also; for some are of silk, some of velvet, some of taffety, some of sarcenet, some of wool, and which is more curious, some of a certain kind of fine hair⁠ ⁠… these they call bever hats, of xx, xxx or xl shillings price, fetched from beyond the sea.”

    —⁠The Anatomy of Abuses, 1583

    ↩

  908. At Apothecaries’ Hall, where Davenant produced the first and second parts of The Siege of Rhodes. Downes says, in his Roscius Anglicanus, that Davenant’s company acted at “Pothecaries Hall” until the building in Lincoln’s Inn Fields was ready. ↩

  909. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, first produced in 1623. ↩

  910. Margaret, daughter of Sir William Water, an alderman of York. She was mother of the Comptroller, and widow of Sir Guildford Slingsby. ↩

  911. The Great James was in Bishopsgate Without. It is registered in the list of London taverns in 1698 (Harl. MS. 4716). ↩

  912. “Jan. 30th was kept as a very solemn day of fasting and prayer. This morning the carcasses of Cromwell, Ireton, and Bradshaw (which the day before had been brought from the Red Lion Inn, Holborn), were drawn upon a sledge to Tyburn, and then taken out of their coffins, and in their shrouds hanged by the neck, until the going down of the sun. They were then cut down, their heads taken off, and their bodies buried in a grave made under the gallows. The coffin in which was the body of Cromwell was a very rich thing, very full of gilded hinges and nails.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    ↩

  913. The timber purchased from Warren (see ante, December 29th, 1660), sent to Lynn to be conveyed to Hinchinbroke as the barge was, mentioned June 20th, 1660. ↩

  914. A tragicomedy by Henry Glapthorne, founded on the story of the two lovers in Sydney’s Arcadia, and published in 1639. ↩

  915. Sir Peter Ball, the Queen’s Attorney-General, and possessor of Brampton manor. ↩

  916. This story relates to circumstances which had occurred many years previously. George, Lord Goring, was sent by Charles I as Ambassador Extraordinary to France in 1644, to witness the oath of Louis XIV to the observance of the treaties concluded with England by his father, Louis XIII, and his grandfather, Henry IV. Louis XIV took this oath at Ruel, on July 3rd, 1644, when he was not yet six years of age, and when his brother Philippe, then called Duke of Anjou, was not four years old. Shortly after his return home, Lord Goring was created, in September, 1644, Earl of Norwich, the title by which he is here mentioned. Philippe, Duke of Anjou, who was frightened by the English nobleman’s ugly faces, took the title of Duke of Orleans after the death of his uncle, Jean Baptiste Gaston, in 1660. He married his cousin, Henrietta of England. —⁠B. ↩

  917. Sir Philip Warwick, born 1608, secretary to Charles I when in the Isle of Wight, and Clerk of the Signet, to which place he was restored in 1660; knighted, and elected M.P. for Westminster. He was also Secretary to the Treasury under Lord Southampton till 1667. Died January 15th, 1682⁠–⁠3. He wrote A Discourse on Government and Memoirs of Charles I. His second wife, here mentioned, was Joan, daughter to Sir Henry Fanshawe, and widow of Sir William Botteler, Bart. ↩

  918. Marmaduke Darcy. See note 474. ↩

  919. Benjamin Batten. ↩

  920. Daniel Whistler, M.D., Fellow of Merton College, whose inaugural dissertation on Rickets in 1645 contains the earliest printed account of that disease. He was Gresham Professor of Geometry, 1648⁠–⁠57, and held several offices at the College of Physicians, being elected President in 1683. He was one of the original Fellows of the Royal Society. Dr. Munk, in his Roll of the Royal College of Physicians, speaks very unfavourably of Whistler, and says that he defrauded the college. He died May 11th, 1684. ↩

  921. Thomas Wriothesley, fourth and last Earl of Southampton, K.G., born 1607. He was one of the four who bore Charles I to his burial. Burnet says, “he disdained to sell places.” He died May 16th, 1667. ↩

  922. John Cuttle, captain of the Hector. ↩

  923. Peter Mootham, captain of the Foresight; afterwards slain in action. ↩

  924. The Long Parliament imposed a tax on merchants’ goods (called Algier Duty) for the redemption of captives in the Mediterranean. ↩

  925. John Dawes, created a baronet in 1663, father of Sir William Dawes, Archbishop of York. ↩

  926. Or prison. ↩

  927. William Hewer. ↩

  928. Salisbury Court Theatre, which was reopened in 1660 by Rhodes’s company. ↩

  929. A tragicomedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, printed in the folio of 1647. ↩

  930. “ ‘Telescope’ and ‘microscope’ are both as old as Milton, but for long while ‘perspective’ (glass being sometimes understood and sometimes expressed) did the work of these. It is sometimes written ‘prospective.’ Our present use of ‘perspective’ does not, I suppose, date farther back than Dryden.”

    Trench’s Select Glossary

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  931. Adam Chard is mentioned previously in the Diary. See March 7th, 1659⁠–⁠60. ↩

  932. See ante, on the 9th of this month, where it is called Whitefriars. ↩

  933. Beaumont and Fletcher’s comedy. See note 866. ↩

  934. According to Downes’s Roscius Anglicanus the characters were taken as follows:⁠—Elder Lovelace: Burt; Young Lovelace: Kynaston; Welford: Hart; Sir Roger: Lacy; The Lady: Mrs. Marshall; Martha: Mrs. Rutter; Abigail: Mrs. Corey. ↩

  935. The observation of St. Valentine’s day is very ancient in this country. Shakespeare makes Ophelia sing

    “Tomorrow is Saint Valentine’s day,
    All in the morning betime,
    And I a maid at your window
    To be your Valentine.”

    Hamlet, act iv sc. 5

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  936. Mrs. Martha Batten, Sir W. Batten’s daughter. ↩

  937. Captain Arthur Browne. See note 884. ↩

  938. “A Proclamation for restraint of killing, dressing, and eating of Flesh in Lent or on fish-dayes appointed by the law to be observed,” was dated 29th January, 1660⁠–⁠61. ↩

  939. A tragedy by Massinger and Decker, printed in 1622. ↩

  940. More properly called “lustring”; a fine glossy silk. ↩

  941. The Prince de Ligne had no niece, and probably Pepys has made some mistake in the name. Charles at one time made an offer of marriage to Mazarin’s niece, Hortense Mancini. ↩

  942. Henry Slingsby, Master of the Mint of Kilpax, near Leeds, member of the first Council of the Royal Society, named in Charles II’s charter, dated April 22nd, 1663, but expelled from the Society January 24th, 1675. ↩

  943. Peter Blondeau, medallist, was invited to London from Paris in 1649, and appointed by the Council of State to coin their money; but the moneyers succeeded in driving him out of the country. Soon after the Restoration he returned, and was appointed engineer to the mint. ↩

  944. A comedy by Abraham Cowley, published in 1638. The scene was laid at Dunkirk. ↩

  945. The harpsichord is an instrument larger than a spinet, with two or three strings to a note. ↩

  946. Samuel Hartlib, son of a Polish merchant, and author of several ingenious works on agriculture, for which he received a pension from Cromwell. Milton’s Tractate of Education is addressed to him. Evelyn describes him in his Diary, November 27th, 1655, as “honest and learned,” and calls him “a public-spirited and ingenious person who had propagated many useful things and arts.” He lived in Axe Yard about 1661, and had a son named Samuel and a daughter, Nan, who married John Roder or Roth, afterwards knighted. Evelyn says that Claudius, referred to before (see July 10th, 1660, of this Diary), was Hartlib’s son-in-law. If so, Hartlib must have had another daughter. He seems to have been in some poverty at the end of his life. ↩

  947. The Steelyard was situated where Cannon Street Station now stands. The Rhenish wine-house occupied the ground floors of the front in Thames Street. ↩

  948. Thomas, Earl of Ossory, K.G., the accomplished son of the Duke of Ormond. Died 1680, aged forty-six. ↩

  949. The Duke of York’s marriage took place September 3rd, 1660. Anne Hyde was contracted to the Duke at Breda, November 24th, 1659. ↩

  950. A tragedy, by Thomas Middleton, acted before the court at Whitehall, January 4th, 1623⁠–⁠4. The plot is taken from a story in Reynolds’s God’s Revenge Against Murder, book i, hist. iv. ↩

  951. Perhaps a letter of recommendation to some constituency. ↩

  952. Randle Cotgrave’s valuable French and English Dictionary was first published in 1611, and several editions were subsequently issued. ↩

  953. The cruel custom of throwing at cocks on Shrove Tuesday is of considerable antiquity. It is shown in the first print of Hogarth’s Four Stages of Cruelty. ↩

  954. Christ’s College, Cambridge. ↩

  955. His son-in-law William Joyce. ↩

  956. The Hampshire was a fourth-rate of thirty-eight guns, built at Deptford in 1653 by Phineas Pett. ↩

  957. Massinger’s play, which was first published in 1624. ↩

  958. Thomas Betterton, younger but eldest surviving son of Matthew Betterton of Westminster, said to be under-cook to Charles I, but who (writes Colonel Chester) described himself in his will as a “gentleman.” Thomas was baptized at St. Margaret’s, Westminster, August 11th, 1635. He joined the company of actors formed by Rhodes, bookseller (and formerly wardrobe keeper to the Blackfriars Company), which commenced to act at the Cockpit, in Drury Lane, in 1659. When, after the Restoration, Davenant took over Rhodes’s company, Betterton became his principal actor. Betterton died April 28th, 1710, and was buried in the East Cloister of Westminster Abbey on May 2nd. ↩

  959. Sir Paul Neile, of White Waltham, Berks, son of Richard Neile, Archbishop of York (1632⁠–⁠40). A member of the first council of the Royal Society, and a constant attendant at the meetings. He was frequently the bearer of messages from Charles II. We learn from Birch’s History of the Royal Society, that on July 17th, 1661, “Sir Paul Neile having mentioned that the king had within four days past desired to have a reason assigned why the sensitive plants stir and contract themselves upon being touched, it was resolved that Dr. Wilkins, Dr. Clarke, Mr. Boyle, Mr. Evelyn, and Dr. Goddard be curators for examining the fact relating to these plants.” ↩

  960. Love’s Mistress, or the Queen’s Masque, by Thomas Haywood, published in 1636. The plot is borrowed from the Golden Ass of Apuleius. ↩

  961. Thomas Woodcock, afterwards ejected from St. Andrew’s Undershaft. ↩

  962. This report of the death of Cardinal Mazarin appears to have been premature, for he did not die until the 9th of March, 1661. ↩

  963. Charles XI, son of Charles (X) Gustavus. He succeeded his father in 1660. ↩

  964. Wigg, a kind of north country bun or teacake, still so called, to my knowledge, in Staffordshire. —⁠M. B. ↩

  965. Alderman and Colonel of the red regiment of Trainbands. He was one of the Commissioners sent to Breda to desire Charles II to return to England immediately. ↩

  966. When Pepys saw this play on March 1st he called it by its second title The Queen’s Masque. ↩

  967. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, acted before the court in 1611 by the King’s Players. ↩

  968. Although Balthasar St. Michel, Mrs. Pepys’s brother, is frequently mentioned, there is no further notice of this lady in the Diary. ↩

  969. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, acted before the court in 1622. ↩

  970. Sir William Batten was elected M.P. for Rochester March 21st, 1660⁠–⁠61, and held the seat till his death, when he was succeeded by Richard Head, Alderman of Rochester, who was elected November 2nd, 1667. ↩

  971. The Duke of Anjou became Duke of Orleans on the death of his uncle Gaston in 1660. ↩

  972. Sir William Penn was well fitted to give this information, as it was he who took the island from the Spaniards in 1655. ↩

  973. The four members elected for London were Alderman John Fowke, Alderman William Love, John Jones, and Alderman Sir William Thompson. ↩

  974. The Red Bull was situated in St. John’s Street, Clerkenwell. ↩

  975. A tragedy, by W. Rowley. ↩

  976. Probably Argal Baron, of Croydon, Lieutenant-Governor of Windsor Castle, and said to have been a distinguished Royalist. —⁠B. ↩

  977. Zachary Crofton, born in Ireland. His first living was at Wrenbury, Cheshire, from which he was expelled in 1648 for refusing to take the Engagement. When he came to London he was for sometime minister of St. James’s, Garlickhithe, and then obtained the cure of St. Botolph, Aldgate, which he held till he was ejected for Nonconformity. He was said to be zealous for the Restoration, but he was committed to the Tower for defending the Solemn League and Covenant. In 1667 he opened a school near Aldgate. He was the author of several works, and died in 1672. ↩

  978. Noise, see ante, May 7th, 1660. ↩

  979. Rollo, Duke of Normandy, a tragedy by John Fletcher, published in 1640. It was previously published in 1639 as The Bloody Brother. ↩

  980. A Portuguese city on the Malabar or western coast of Hindostan. ↩

  981. A comedy by John Fletcher, licensed October, 1624. ↩

  982. The game was originally played in the road now styled Pall Mall, near St. James’s Square, but at the Restoration when sports came in fashion again the street was so much built over, that it became necessary to find another ground. The Mall in St. James’s Park was then laid out for the purpose. ↩

  983. The Night Walker, or the Little Thief, a comedy by John Fletcher, acted at court in 1633. ↩

  984. The proverb, “A hair of the dog that bit you,” which probably had originally a literal meaning, has long been used to inculcate the advice of the two Sir Williams. ↩

  985. The play is not known otherwise than by this notice. ↩

  986. A plan, with front and side elevations, of the Hill-house as it was in 1698, is in King’s MS. 43. The ground on which it stood is now included in the Marine Barracks. In the Memoirs of English Affairs, Chiefly Naval, from the Year 1660 to 1673, Written by James, Duke of York, there is a letter from James to the principal officers of the Navy (dated May 10th, 1661), in which he recommends that the lease of the Hill-house should be bought by them if it can be obtained at a reasonable rate, as the said house “is very convenient for the service of his Majesty’s Navy.” ↩

  987. Kenrick Edisbury, Surveyer of the Navy, 1632⁠–⁠38. ↩

  988. Rebecca, who married Henry Jowles, of Chatham, in 1662. Her father, John Allen, formerly Clerk of the Rope Yard at Chatham, is sometimes referred to as Mr. and sometimes as Captain Allen. Under the latter title he may be confused with Captain (afterwards Sir Thomas) Allen. ↩

  989. I.e. coats of arms. ↩

  990. Captain Phineas Pett, when in command of the Tiger frigate, was killed in action with a Zealand privateer. This may be the same man. ↩

  991. Sir William Batten’s black servant. ↩

  992. The Prince (originally the Resolution) was a first-rate of eighty guns, built at Woolwich in 1641 by Capt. Phineas Pett, sen. It ran aground on the Galloper Sands, and Avas burnt by the Dutch, 1666. See post, June 7th, 1666. ↩

  993. Traditions similar to that at Rochester, here alluded to, are to be found in other places in England. Sir Harry Englefield, in a communication made to the Society of Antiquaries, July 2nd, 1789, called attention to the curious popular tale preserved in the village of Hadstock, Essex, that the door of the church had been covered with the skin of a Danish pirate, who had plundered the church. At Worcester, likewise, it was asserted that the north doors of the cathedral had been covered with the skin of a person who had sacrilegiously robbed the high altar. The date of these doors appears to be the latter part of the fourteenth century, the north porch having been built about 1385. Dart, in his History of the Abbey Church of St. Peter’s, Westminster, 1723 (vol. i, book ii, p. 64), relates a like tradition then preserved in reference to a door, one of three which closed off a chamber from the south transept⁠—namely, a certain building once known as the Chapel of Henry VIII, and used as a “Revestry.” This chamber, he states, “is enclosed with three doors, the inner cancellated, the middle, which is very thick, lined with skins like parchment, and driven full of nails. These skins, they by tradition tell us, were some skins of the Danes, tann’d and given here as a memorial of our delivery from them.” Portions of this supposed human skin were examined under the microscope by the late Mr. John Quekett of the Hunterian Museum, who ascertained, beyond question, that in each of the cases the skin was human. From a communication by the late Mr. Albert Way, F.S.A., to the late Lord Braybrooke. ↩

  994. John Minnes (Mennes or Mennis), son of Andrew Minnes of Sandwich, born in that town March 1st, 1598, and educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, became afterwards a great traveller and noted seaman. He was knighted by Charles I at Dover in 1641, and in 1642 he was captain of the Rainbow. When the Earl of Warwick was nominated by the Parliament Lord High Admiral he refused to act under him. After the Restoration he was appointed Governor of Dover Castle, and his warrant from the Duke of York to act as Vice-Admiral and Commander-in-Chief in the Narrow Seas was dated May 18th, 1661. He was Comptroller of the Navy from 1661 till his death in 1671. He is buried in the church of St. Olave, Hart Street, where, in the south aisle, part of a monument to his memory is still to be seen. Wood describes him as an honest and stout man, generous and religious, well skilled in physic and chemistry. He was part-author of Musarum Deliciæ. ↩

  995. Shooter’s Hill, Kent, between the eighth and ninth milestones on the Dover road. It was long a notorious haunt of highwaymen. The custom was to leave the bodies of criminals hanging until the bones fell to the ground. ↩

  996. Rev. John Turner, rector of Eynesbury. ↩

  997. Matthew Wren, Bishop of Hereford, 1634⁠–⁠35; Bishop of Norwich, 1635⁠–⁠38; Bishop of Ely, 1638⁠–⁠67. He died April 24th, 1667, aged eighty-one. See note 562. ↩

  998. Thomas Jacomb, of Burton Lazers, Leicestershire, entered at Magdalen Hall, Oxford, in 1640; but removing to Cambridge on the breaking out of the Rebellion, he obtained a Fellowship at Trinity College, in the place of a royalist ejected, and had the degree of M.A. conferred on him He afterwards became rector of St. Martin’s-infra-Ludgate, in London; and was put out for nonconformity in 1662, being then D.D. He subsequently followed the trade of conventicling, which brought him into trouble; and he died March 27th, 1687, in the house of the Countess of Exeter, to whom he was domestic chaplain. Abridged from Kennett’s Register. —⁠B. ↩

  999. Matthew Griffith, D.D., rector of St. Mary Magdalene, Old Fish Street, and preacher at the Temple. He was an Episcopalian, and author of several printed sermons. He died in 1665. —⁠B. ↩

  1000. Robert Barnwell, who died in June, 1662. ↩

  1001. Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Edward Radclyffe, of Dilston, Northumberland, and widow of Sir William Fenwick, Bart., of Meldon. Sir R. Slingsby’s first wife was Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Robert Brooke, of Newcells. —⁠B. ↩

  1002. Sir Francis Anderson and Sir John Morley were elected for Newcastle-on-Tyne, April 10th, 1661. ↩

  1003. Four triumphal arches were raised in the City in honour of the Coronation. The first was at the Lime Street end of Leadenhall Street, where Rebellion and Monarchy were personated. The second near the Royal Exchange, where one representing the River Thames made an address. The third, representing the Temple of Concord, was placed on the site of Cheapside Cross. The fourth arch, representing Plenty, stood in Fleet Street, near Whitefriars. ↩

  1004. The old East India House in Leadenhall Street, which existed from 1648 to 1726, had figures of ships and dolphins on the upper part of the front. ↩

  1005. “Church stile” is in long hand, and not in cipher. In an old book of accounts belonging to Warrington Parish, the following minute occurs: “Nov. 5, 1688. Payd for drink at the Church-Steele, 13s.;” and in 1732, “it is ordered that hereafter no money be spent on ye 5th of November, or any other state day, on the parish account, either at the Church-Stile, or at any other place.” —⁠Gent. Mag., November, 1852, p. 442. —⁠B. ↩

  1006. A large number of Knights of the Bath were made at the Coronation. A list is given in Haydn’s Book of Dignities, by Ockerby, 1890, p. 763. ↩

  1007. Edward Hyde (Lord Hyde), Viscount Cornbury, and Earl of Clarendon; Arthur (Lord Capel), Viscount Malden, and Earl of Essex; Thomas (Lord Brudenell), Earl of Cardigan; Charles Howard, Lord Dacre, Viscount Howard of Morpeth, and Earl of Carlisle; Sir Arthur Annesley (Viscount Valentia), Lord Annersley, and Earl of Anglesea; Sir John Granville, Viscount Granville of Lansdowne, and Earl of Bath. ↩

  1008. John Crew, Baron Crew of Stene; Denzil Holles, Baron Holles of Ifield; Sir Frederic Cornwallis, Bart., Baron Cornwallis of Eye; Sir Horace Townshend, Bart., Baron Townshend of King’s Lynn (merged in the Marquisate); Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, Bart., Baron Ashley of Wimborne St. Giles (merged in the Earldom of Shaftesbury); Sir George Booth, Bart., Baron Delamere of Dunham Massey. ↩

  1009. The Cockpit at Whitehall, the residence of the Duke of Albemarle. ↩

  1010. The Humorous Lieutenant, a tragicomedy, by Beaumont and Fletcher. Published in the folio of 1647. ↩

  1011. Foreigners were workmen dwelling outside the city. ↩

  1012. The king in the early morning of the 22nd went from Whitehall to the Tower by water, so that he might proceed from thence through the City to Westminster Abbey, there to be crowned. ↩

  1013. The members of the Navy Office appear to have chosen Mr. Young’s house on account of its nearness to the second triumphal arch, situated near the Royal Exchange, which was dedicated to the Navy. ↩

  1014. John Carie and Sir Francis Lawley, two gentlemen of the Privy Chamber, represented the Dukes of Normandy and Aquitaine. ↩

  1015. Simon Wadlow was the original of “old Sir Simon the king,” the favourite air of Squire Western in Tom Jones.

    “Hang up all the poor hop-drinkers,
    Cries old Sim, the king of skinkers.”

    Ben Jonson, Verses over the door into the Apollo

    The Simon Wadlow alluded to by Ben Jonson died March 30th, 1627. The Ashmolean Museum Catalogue mentions “Eight verses upon Simon Wadloe, Vintner, dwelling att ye sign of ye Devill and St. Dunstan,” commencing “Apollo et cohors musarum.” The Wadlow of Pepys was John, apparently the son of Simon. (See Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 766.) ↩

  1016. We do not see any reason for discrediting the statement that the whole of the Devil Tavern was pulled down in 1787, and of its having been purchased by Messrs. Child and Co. for the sum of £2,800, and in the year following the row of houses now known as Child’s Place was built upon the site. It may be worth recording that excellent cellars also run beneath the open space in front of those houses, as they were in all probability the cellars in which Simon Wadlow (the landlord at the sign of “St. Dunstan pulling the Devil by the nose,” commonly known as the “Old Devil”) kept his celebrated wines. The great room was called the Apollo. Here Jonson lorded it with greater authority than Dryden did afterwards at Will’s, or Addison at Button’s. Taken from Price’s ye Marigold. —⁠M. B. ↩

  1017. This company is represented in the curious contemporary picture by Stoop, at Goodrich Court, Herefordshire. —⁠B. ↩

  1018. Mum. Ale brewed with wheat at Brunswick.

    “Sedulous and stout
    With bowls of fattening mum.”

    J. Phillips, Cyder, Vol. ii p. 231

    As soon as the beer begins to work, they put into it the inner rind of fir, tops of fir and birch, betony, marjory, pennyroyal, wild thyme, etc. Our English brewers use cardamom, ginger, and sassafras, instead of the inner rind of fir, and add also walnut rinds, madder, red sanders, and elecampane. —⁠M. B. ↩

  1019. Mary, third daughter of Oliver Cromwell, and second wife of Thomas Bellasis, second Viscount Fauconberg, created Earl of Fauconberg, April 9th, 1689. ↩

  1020. Born at Dublin in 1615, created K.B. at the Coronation, and appointed Surveyor-General of all the King’s buildings; better known as the author of Cooper’s Hill. Died March, 1668⁠–⁠69, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. ↩

  1021. The Coronation chair in Westminster Abbey is an object of the greatest interest. Beneath the seat is the “Stone of Destiny,” carried oft from Scone by Edward I in 1296. ↩

  1022. John Earle, D.D., see ante, May 24th, 1660. ↩

  1023. A long sceptre or staff of gold, with a cross at the top, and a pike at the foot of steel, called St. Edward’s staff. There were two other sceptres. ↩

  1024. Mond or orb of gold, with a cross set with precious stones, carried by the Duke of Buckingham. ↩

  1025. Gilbert Sheldon, Bishop of London, acting for Juxon, Archbishop of Canterbury, whose age and infirmities prevented him from performing the whole of the service. Sheldon succeeded Juxon in the archbishopric when the latter died in 1663. ↩

  1026. As yet barons had no coronet. A grant of that outward mark of dignity was made to them by Charles soon after his coronation. Queen Elizabeth had assigned coronets to viscounts. —⁠B. ↩

  1027. Sir Edward Walker, Garter King of Arms, who wrote an account of the Coronation, which was published from his MS. in 1820. ↩

  1028. The south, west, and north sides. —⁠B. ↩

  1029. Sir Frederick Cornwallis, Baronet, had been created a baron three days before the coronation. He was Treasurer of His Majesty’s Household, and a Privy Councillor. He had married Elizabeth, daughter of John Ashburnham. His wife, therefore, and her brother John Ashburnham, were first cousins to Villiers, Duke of Buckingham. Rugge states in July, 1660, that “the King supped with Sir Frederick Cornwallis at Durham Yard, in the Strand.” He died in January, 1661⁠–⁠62, and was buried with his ancestors at Brome, on the 18th. See post, January 16th, 1661⁠–⁠62. Collins and other writers erroneously state his death to have occurred on the 31st. The medals which he received as his fee (nearly one hundred in number) were carefully preserved in the family, and have been arranged, so as to form the setting of a large silver cup, at Audley End. —⁠B. ↩

  1030. Pepys was himself one of the Barons of the Cinque Ports at the Coronation of James II. ↩

  1031. Algernon Percy, tenth earl of Northumberland, acting as Lord High Constable of England on this occasion. —⁠B. ↩

  1032. James Howard, third Earl of Suffolk, acting as Earl Marshal of England. —⁠B. ↩

  1033. James Butler, first Duke of Ormonde, Lord High Steward of England and bearer of the crown. ↩

  1034. Sir Edward Dymock, as Lord of the Manor of Scrivelsby, co. Lincoln. This service was last performed by one of that family at the coronation of George IV, and with the coronation dinner has since been dispensed with. —⁠B. ↩

  1035. York Herald, George Owen, who, it will be seen, rescued the canopy from the valetaille. —⁠B. ↩

  1036. The terms of the Champion’s challenge were as follows: “If any person of what degree soever, high or low, shall deny or gainsay our Sovereign Lord King Charles the Second, King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, defender of the faith, Sonne and next heire to our Sovereign Lord Charles the First, the last King deceased, to be right heire to the Imperiall Crown of this Realme of England, or that bee ought not to enjoy the same; here is his champion, who sayth that he lyeth and is a false Traitor, being ready in person to combate with him, and in this quarrell will venture his life against him, on what day soever hee shall be appointed.” ↩

  1037. See some congratulatory lines, “On the Thunder happening after the Solemnity of the Coronation of Charles II,” by Henry Bold, of New College, Oxford, in the Somers Tracts, ed. 1817, vol. vii p. 514. They commence thus:

    “Heavens! we thank you that you thundered so!
    As we did here, you cannonado’d too.”

    ↩

  1038. Baxter, in his Life, mentions this storm. “On April 23, was His Majesty’s coronation-day, the day being very serene and fair, till suddenly in the afternoon, as they were returning from Westminster Hall, there was very terrible thunders when none expected it, which made me remember his father’s coronation, on which, being a boy at school, and having leave to play for the solemnity, an earthquake, about two o’clock in the afternoon, did affright the boys, and all the neighbourhood. I intend no commentary on these, but only to relate the matter of fact.” —⁠B. ↩

  1039. Bishop Kennett gives a somewhat fuller account of this unseemly broil: “No sooner had the aforesaid Barons brought up the King to the foot of the stairs in Westminster Hall, ascending to his throne, and turned on the left hand (towards their own table) out of the way, but the King’s footmen most insolently and violently seized upon the canopy, which the Barons endeavouring to keep and defend, were by their number and strength dragged down to the lower end of the Hall, nevertheless still keeping their hold; and had not Mr. Owen York Herald, being accidentally near the Hall door, and seeing the contest, caused the same to be shut, the footmen had certainly carried it away by force. But in the interim also (speedy notice hereof having been given the King) one of the Querries were sent from him, with command to imprison the footmen, and dismiss them out of his service, which put an end to the present disturbance. These footmen were also commanded to make their submission to the Court of Claims, which was accordingly done by them the 30th April following, and the canopy then delivered back to the said Barons.” Whilst this disturbance happened, the upper end of the first table, which had been appointed for the Barons of the Cinque Ports, was taken up by the Bishops, judges, etc., probably nothing loth to take precedence of them; and the poor Barons, naturally unwilling to lose their dinner, were necessitated to eat it at the bottom of the second table, below the Masters of Chancery and others of the long robe. —⁠B. ↩

  1040. Sir Robert Pye, Bart., of Faringdon House, Berks; married Anne, daughter of the celebrated John Hampden. They lived together sixty years, and died in 1701, within a few weeks of each other. ↩

  1041. John Glynne (born 1602) had been Recorder of London (1643); and during the Protectorate, Chief Justice of the Upper Bench (1655); nevertheless, he acted with considerable adroitness at the time of the Restoration, and was in consequence knighted and appointed King’s Serjeant, and his son created a baronet. He died November 15th, 1666. ↩

  1042. John Maynard, the eminent lawyer; M.P. for Totnes, 1640; made Serjeant to Cromwell in 1653, and afterwards King’s Serjeant by Charles II, who knighted him. In 1661 he was chosen burgess for Berealston, and sat in every Parliament till the Revolution, for that Borough, or Plymouth. It was he who made one of the most famous of legal jokes. William III, in allusion to his age, having said that he must have outlived most of the judges and lawyers of his own standing, Maynard answered, “And I had like to have outlived the law itself if your Highness had not come over.” In March, 1689, he was appointed one of the Commissioners of the Great Seal; and, soon resigning from infirmity, died October 9th, 1690, aged eighty-eight. The popular feeling respecting Glynne and Maynard was echoed by Butler, who wrote:

    “Did not the learned Glynne and Maynard
    To make good subjects traitors strain hard?”

    ↩

  1043. Chocolate was introduced into England about the year 1652. In the Public Advertiser of Tuesday, June 16⁠–⁠22, 1657, we find the following: “In Bishopsgate Street in Queen’s Head Alley, at a Frenchman’s house, is an excellent West India drink called chocolate, to be sold, where you may have it ready at any time, and also unmade at reasonable rates.” —⁠M. B. ↩

  1044. A chamber is a small piece of ordnance. ↩

  1045. There are several tokens of the King’s Head in Tower Street. One of these of Thomas Mills is dated 1666, see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 772). ↩

  1046. The Chances, a comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, published in the folio of 1647. Revived at this time. ↩

  1047. At Temple Bar. See note 300. ↩

  1048. Elizabeth Walpole of Broomsthorpe, married to Edward Pepys, who died December 22nd, 1663. She died in 1669. ↩

  1049. Godalming, Surrey. It has been supposed that Godliman Street in London obtained its name from the sale of leather prepared at Godalming. ↩

  1050. It was an established custom for all classes to go a-maying in Hyde Park. The practice was for a time discontinued during the Commonwealth, but about 1654 it was revived, to the disgust of the Puritans. ↩

  1051. The Montagu (formerly the Lime) was a third-rate of fifty-two guns, built at Portsmouth in 1654 by Mr. Tippetts. ↩

  1052. The house wherein the murder was committed in August, 1628, is situated at the upper end of the High Street, at Portsmouth, and a portion still remains. A representation of the front of the house is given in Brayley’s Graphic Illustrator, p. 240. —⁠B. ↩

  1053. A Red Lion still exists in High Street, at the corner of Market Street, but it is no longer the best inn in the town. ↩

  1054. Archbishop Abbot’s Hospital, on the north side of the High Street, Guildford, was founded in 1619. The Grammar School, at the upper end of High Street, dates from the reign of Henry VIII. ↩

  1055. Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge, born October 22nd, 1660, died May 5th, 1661. He was the first of eight children by Anne Hyde. —⁠B. ↩

  1056. Frank Perkin. Jane, youngest sister of Pepys’s father, married J. Perkin. ↩

  1057. Edward, second Earl of Manchester, appointed to this office on June 1st, 1660. ↩

  1058. “Whatever the Swans may have done in the City,
    The Swan here in King Street has sung her last Ditty,”

    from The Search After Claret, or a Visitation of the Vintners, a poem in two cantos, printed for E. Hawkins, London, February 24th, 1691. ↩

  1059. The popular taste was formerly for sweet wines, and sugar was frequently mixed with the wine. ↩

  1060. The text meant is Job 14:14, “All the days of my appointed time will I wait till my change come.” —⁠B. ↩

  1061. The King’s Head, see March 27th, 1664. —⁠B. ↩

  1062. Richard Hutchinson, Treasurer for the Navy from 1651. He was succeeded by Sir George Carteret in 1660. ↩

  1063. By Beaumont and Fletcher. Acted at court in 1613. After the Restoration, Mohun played Melantius; Hart, Amintor; and Mrs. Marshall, Evadne. ↩

  1064. The dangers of shooting the bridge were so great that a popular proverb has it⁠—“London Bridge was made for wise men to go over and fools to go under.” ↩

  1065. The Courts of Chancery and King’s Bench were long held at the upper end of the hall. It is related that Sir Thomas More every day, before presiding in his own Court of Chancery, knelt for the blessing of his aged father, who was a judge of the King’s Bench. ↩

  1066. York House belonged to the See of York, but appears to have been let to the Lord Keepers of the Great Seal, and Chancellors Egerton and Bacon resided there. It was obtained by James I in 1624, after which it was granted to Villiers, Duke of Buckingham. The second duke obtained the house again by his marriage to the daughter of Lord Fairfax. He sold it in 1672, when it was pulled down, and streets built on the site which still bear his names. ↩

  1067. The Baron de Batteville, or Vatteville, who is said to have concealed much observant quickness and an intriguing spirit under a plain, rough, solderlike frankness of demeanour. He was very active in opposition to the proposed marriage of Charles II with the Infanta of Portugal. ↩

  1068. The Crown in King Street, Westminster. ↩

  1069. Captain Ferrers recovered. ↩

  1070. Christopher Gibbons, Mus. Doct. Oxon. (1664), second son of the more celebrated Dr. Orlando Gibbons (who died in 1625). Born 1615. He was appointed organist to Westminster Abbey, 1660, and composed several anthems. He died October 20th, 1676, and is buried in the cloisters of the Abbey. ↩

  1071. The Victualling Office was spoken of as on Tower Hill, but it was really at the end of East Smith field, and occupied the site of East Minster the Cistercian Abbey of St. Mary Graces. The Cooperage, a portion of the Victualling Office, was burnt May 18th, 1688. ↩

  1072. See note 185. ↩

  1073. See note 828. ↩

  1074. Dr. William Bates, one of the most eminent of the Puritan divines, and who took part in the Savoy Conference. His collected writings were published in 1700, and fill a large folio volume. The Dissenters called him silver-tongued Bates. Calamy affirmed that if Bates would have conformed to the Established Church he might have been raised to any bishopric in the kingdom. He died in 1699, aged seventy-four. ↩

  1075. Pepys here refers to the perambulation of parishes on Holy Thursday, still observed. This ceremony was sometimes enlivened by whipping the boys, for the better impressing on their minds the remembrance of the day, and the boundaries of the parish, instead of beating houses or stones. But this would not have harmonized well with the excellent Hooker’s practice on this day, when he “always dropped some loving and facetious observations, to be remembered against the next year, especially by the boys and young people.” Amongst Dorsetshire customs, it seems that, in perambulating a manor or parish, a boy is tossed into a stream, if that be the boundary; if a hedge, a sapling from it is applied for the purpose of flagellation. —⁠B. ↩

  1076. Ben Jonson’s Epicene. ↩

  1077. Massinger’s play was published in 1624. ↩

  1078. Alexander Burnett, M.D., who resided in Fenchurch Street, was Pepys’s regular medical attendant. He died of the plague, see post August 25th, 1665. ↩

  1079. The Leg tavern in King Street, Westminster. See note 278. ↩

  1080. It was an act for subscribing the Engagement. On the same day there had been burned by the hangman, in Westminster Hall, the act for “erecting an High Court of Justice for trying and judging Charles Stuart.” Two more acts were similarly burned the next day. —⁠B. ↩

  1081. John Holcraft of Balderton married Mary Pepys (born 1597), sister of Samuel’s father. This John Holcraft was probably their son. ↩

  1082. Jonathan Radcliff, A.M., Vicar of Walthamstow from November, 1660, to December, 1662. ↩

  1083. This text is from 2 Samuel 19:30, and the true reading is⁠—“And Mephibosheth said unto the king, Yea, let him take all, forasmuch as my lord the king is come again in peace unto his own house.” ↩

  1084. The wife of Captain, afterwards Sir Joseph Jordan. —⁠B. ↩

  1085. Robert Shipman bought the great tithes of Walthamstow from the Argall family in 1663; and left them by will to his wife Dorothy, from whom they passed in 1667 to Robert Mascall, merchant. —⁠Lysons’ Environs of London ↩

  1086. Arundel House, in the Strand, was the repository of the fine collection of works of art gathered by Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel. Arundel Street, which stands on the site, was built in 1678. ↩

  1087. A Bill for the Repeal of “An Act of Parliament intituled an Act for disenabling all persons in holy orders to exercise any temporal jurisdiction or authority,” was read a first time in the Commons on June 1st, and a third time on 13th. In the Lords it was read a first time on the 14th, and finally passed on the 18th. ↩

  1088. It will be seen from an entry further on (August 31st) that the Benevolence brought in very little. ↩

  1089. Walter Montagu, second son to the first Earl of Manchester, embracing the Romish faith while on his travels, was made Abbot of Pontoise, through the influence of Mary de Medici. He afterwards became almoner to the Queen-Dowager of England, and died 1670. —⁠B. ↩

  1090. The earldom of Kent was erected for the Grey family in 1465; that of Bedford for the Russells, in 1550. Lord Bedford was probably Francis, second earl, and Lord Grey may have been either Reginald, fifth earl, or Henry, sixth earl. ↩

  1091. “Botarga. The roe of the mullet pressed flat and dried; that of commerce, however, is from the tunny, a large fish of passage which is common in the Mediterranean. The best kind comes from Tunis.”

    Smyth’s Sailor’s Word-Book

    Botargo was chiefly used to promote drinking by causing thirst, and Rabelais makes Gargantua eat it. ↩

  1092. A comedy, by Ben Jonson; first acted at the Hope theatre, Bankside, October 31st, 1614. ↩

  1093. Murray and Heath, whose authority is generally good, assert that James Hamilton was at this time Bishop of Galloway; but the commission for his consecration bears date December 12th, 1661. Kennett also mentions Thomas Sydserf, who had been deposed from the see of Galloway by the Presbyterians in 1638, as the only Scotch prelate alive at the Restoration; and adds, that he came up to London, expecting to be advanced to the primacy. But he had so disgusted the English bishops, that he was only removed to the See of Orkney, which, though richly endowed, was considered at all times as a sinecure; and he did not long survive his translation. At all events, Hamilton was his successor, and the Bishop of Galloway mentioned in the Diary, May 15th, 1663. Lingard’s testimony is in favour of Sydserf being the Bishop of Galloway here alluded to. The death of the Bishop of Orkney (late of Galloway) is mentioned in The Intelligencer, September 29th, 1663. —⁠B. ↩

  1094. The reading in the early editions of the Diary is, “a person formerly of the fleet;” in the later editions, “a parson formerly of the Fleet.” The cipher for “person” or “parson” is the same. I have preferred the reading of the early editions, merely correcting “of” to “in,” for two reasons⁠—one, because the marriages were performed by clergymen, though disreputable, who would not require fresh ordination; the other because, although there were Fleet marriages at that time, yet they do not seem to be common. The date of the earliest Fleet register now preserved in the Bishop of London’s Registry is 1674. —⁠M. B. ↩

  1095. Katherine of Braganza, daughter of John IV of Portugal, born 1638, married to Charles II, May 21st, 1662. After the death of the king she lived for some time at Somerset House, and then returned to Portugal, of which country she became Regent in 1704 on the retirement of her brother Don Pedro. She died December 31st, 1705. ↩

  1096. Lionel Walden, elected M.P. for the borough of Huntingdon, April 12th, 1661. ↩

  1097. A Form of Prayer was published to be used in London on the 12th, and in the country on the 19th of June, being the special days appointed for a general fast to be kept in the respective places for averting those sicknesses and diseases, that dearth and scarcity, which justly may be feared from the late immoderate rain and waters: for a thanksgiving also for the blessed change of weather; and the begging the continuance of it to us for our comfort: And likewise for beseeching a Blessing upon the High Court of Parliament now assembled: Set forth by his Majesty’s authority. A sermon was preached before the Commons by Thomas Greenfield, preacher of Lincoln’s Inn. The Lords taxed themselves for the poor⁠—an earl, 30s., a baron, 20s. Those absent from prayers were to pay a forfeit. —⁠B. ↩

  1098. Perhaps the same person who had been envoy from the Protector to the King of Sweden, and is described by Kennet, in September, 1655, as kinsman to his Highness. —⁠B. ↩

  1099. Robin Shaw, manager of Backwell’s business, who died July 25th, 1665. ↩

  1100. A model. See October 5th. ↩

  1101. A comedy, by Thomas Middleton and William Rowley, printed 1653, and again in 1661. —⁠B. ↩

  1102. There are tokens of the Samson in St. Paul’s Churchyard (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 735). ↩

  1103. A woollen cloth. “Saye clothe serge.” —⁠Palsgrave ↩

  1104. Comedy by Ben Jonson, first printed in 1612. ↩

  1105. Theodore Goodgroome, Pepys’s singing-master. He was probably related to John Goodgroome, a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, who is also referred to in the Diary. ↩

  1106. “La Cruda la bella” does not appear to have been printed. ↩

  1107. Whilst a hat (see January 28th, 1660⁠–⁠61, ante) cost only 35s. See also Lord Sandwich’s vexation at his beaver being stolen, and a hat only left in lieu of it, April 30th, 1661, ante; and April 19th and 26th, 1662, post. —⁠B. ↩

  1108. The Maypole in the Strand was fixed on the site of the present church of St. Mary-le-Strand. It was taken away in 1718. ↩

  1109. The edition of Richard Hooker’s great work, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politic, in the Pepysian Library, is dated 1666. ↩

  1110. It appears, from an old MS. account-book of the collections in the church of St. Olave, Hart Street, beginning in 1642, still extant, that the money gathered on the 30th June, 1661, “for several inhabitants of the parish of St. Dunstan in the West towards their losse by fire,” amounted to “xx s. viii d.” Pepys might complain of the trade in briefs, as similar contributions had been levied fourteen weeks successively, previous to the one in question at St. Olave’s church. Briefs were abolished in 1828. —⁠B. ↩

  1111. Don Francisco de Mello, Conde de Ponte. —⁠B. ↩

  1112. This clashes with the statement of Downes, who says that his company being complete, Davenant opened his house in Lincoln’s Inn Fields with the two parts of the Siege of Rhodes, in the spring of 1662. Messrs. Maidment and Logan, in their edition of Davenant’s Dramatic Works, state that this performance was at Salisbury Court. ↩

  1113. Davenant’s opera of the Siege of Rhodes was published in 1656. The author afterwards wrote a second part, which Pepys saw. The two parts, as altered, and as acted at Lincoln’s Inn Fields, were published in 1663. ↩

  1114. Duck Lane was largely inhabited by booksellers. It is now renamed Little Britain. ↩

  1115. A tragicomedy, by Thomas Killigrew, first published in 1641. ↩

  1116. Robert Pepys, of Brampton, who died on the following day. ↩

  1117. Hæmorrhoids or piles. ↩

  1118. Rev. John Turner. ↩

  1119. Lewis Phillips. ↩

  1120. Talbot Pepys, sixth son of John Pepys of Impington, was born 1583, and therefore at this time he was seventy-eight years of age. He was educated at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, and called to the bar at the Middle Temple in 1605. He was M.P. for Cambridge in 1625, and Recorder of Cambridge from 1624 to 1660, in which year he was succeeded by his son Roger. He died of the plague, March, 1666, aged eighty-three. ↩

  1121. Gravely is in Cambridgeshire, although it is contiguous to Hunts. ↩

  1122. William Stankes, bailiff of Robert Pepys’s land. ↩

  1123. Sir Robert Bernard, Sergeant-at-Law, of Huntingdon, created baronet 1662, and died 1666. His second wife, here mentioned, was Elizabeth, relict of George, Lord Digby, died January, 1662. —⁠B. ↩

  1124. There is a monument to “Jasper Trice, gent.,” in Brampton Church, Hunts, from which it appears that he died October 27th, 1675. He is referred to on March 8th, 1659⁠–⁠60, as “Jasper” without a surname. Apparently he was brother of Tom Trice. ↩

  1125. Biggleswade, the largest town in Bedfordshire after Bedford. ↩

  1126. Hatfield or Bishop’s Hatfield, Herts. In 1109, when the abbey of Ely was erected into a bishopric, Hatfield became an episcopal residence, and a sumptuous palace was built there. In 1538 the manor was conveyed to Henry VIII by Thomas Goodrich, Bishop of Ely, in exchange for lands in Cambridge, Essex, and Norfolk, and the palace became a royal abode. James I in 1607 exchanged it with Lord Salisbury for Theobalds, and built a new mansion for his minister, who died the year after it was finished. The inn mentioned by Pepys was the Salisbury Arms. The vineyard is still carefully kept, and is one of the last of its age existing. William Cecil, second Earl of Salisbury, succeeded his father in 1612, and died December 3rd, 1668. ↩

  1127. Brennoralt, or the Discontented Colonel, a tragedy, by Sir John Suckling. Written about 1639, and first published in Suckling’s Works, 1646. ↩

  1128. The Jovial Crew, or the Merry Beggars, a comedy, by Richard Brome, acted at the Cockpit, Drury Lane, in 1641. ↩

  1129. When the Savoy Conference ended, the Royal Commission having expired on that day. —⁠B. ↩

  1130. George Digby, second Earl of Bristol. Died March 20th, 1678. ↩

  1131. Lady Jemima Montagu and Lady Paulina Montagu, daughters of the Earl of Sandwich. ↩

  1132. Margaret Penn, only daughter of Sir William Penn, was married to Anthony Lowther, of Marske, North Riding, in February, 1666⁠–⁠67. ↩

  1133. Immediately. ↩

  1134. Pepys was very lax in his use of the term cousin. Charles Glasscocke was brother-in-law of Judith Pepys, née Cutter. ↩

  1135. On October 30th, 1660, Pepys saw this play at the Cockpit theatre. ↩

  1136. But not the porringer of silver. See May 29th, 1661. —⁠M. B. ↩

  1137. A dresser and seller of sheepskins. ↩

  1138. Paulina Pepys, sister of Roger Pepys and Talbot Pepys, M.D., married Hamond Claxton of Booton, co. Norfolk. ↩

  1139. See note 263. ↩

  1140. Baldock, Herts, in the district of Hitchin. It belonged at one time to the Knights Templars, who built a church there. ↩

  1141. Panyards = panniers. ↩

  1142. John, second Lord Robartes, created Viscount Bodmin and Earl of Radnor in July, 1679. At the Restoration William Viscount Say and Sele was appointed Lord Privy Seal, but he was succeeded in May, 1661, by Lord Robartes, who held the office until April, 1673. Lord Radnor died July 17th, 1685. ↩

  1143. Humphry Madge, musician in ordinary to the King, and one of the twenty-four violins under Grebus’s leadership (see note 2017). ↩

  1144. Mr. Pierce did not die at this time, and is mentioned in the Diary on September 18th, 1665. ↩

  1145. The Signet and Privy Seal office was situated in what is now Whitehall Yard, a little north of the site of the United Service Institution. ↩

  1146. A comedy acted at the Globe, and first printed in 1608. In the original entry in the Stationers’ books it is said to be by T. B., which may stand for Tony or Anthony Brewer. The play has been attributed without authority both to Shakespeare and to Drayton. ↩

  1147. The old parish church of St. James the Less, Clerkenwell, was pulled down in 1788, and the first stone of the present church was laid on December 16th of that year. The church was completed in 1792. ↩

  1148. Mrs. Frances Butler and her sister. ↩

  1149. Hon. Sidney Montagu assumed the name of Wortley, and was father of Edward Wortley Montagu (husband of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu). He died in 1727 (see note 1639). ↩

  1150. Thomas Pepys of London, next brother to Robert Pepys of Brampton, His two sons were Thomas and Charles. ↩

  1151. So of the Emperor Claudius:

    “Dabitur mora parvula dum res
    Nota urbi et populo contingat Principis aures.
    Dedecus ille domus sciet ultimus.”

    Juv., Saf., x. 340

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  1152. A comedy, by Sir W. Davenant, licensed in January, 1633⁠–⁠34. ↩

  1153. Sir Heneage Finch, the Solicitor-General, was treasurer of the Inner Temple, and was selected as autumn reader, when he revived the splendid festivities which had long been discontinued. ↩

  1154. Dr. Thomas Fuller, who died on this day, was buried at Cranford, Middlesex, by his patron, Lord Berkeley. Dr. Hardy, Dean of Rochester, preached his funeral sermon. —⁠Smyth’s Obituary, p. 54 ↩

  1155. Matthew Nicholas, LL.D., installed Dean of St. Paul’s, July, 1660. Died August 14th, 1661, and was buried at Winterbourn-Erles, Wilts. He was brother to Sir Edward Nicholas, Secretary of State. ↩

  1156. William, first Earl of Craven, eldest son of Sir William Craven, born 1606. Knighted by Charles I in 1627, and a few days later created Baron Craven of Hampstead Marshall, Berks. He was rich, and aided the king with money; but in 1649 his estates were confiscated. He recovered them at the Restoration, and in 1664 he was created Earl of Craven. High Steward of the University of Cambridge, 1667, and Master of the Trinity House, 1670⁠–⁠71. He was a devoted adherent of the Queen of Bohemia, and was supposed to be married to her, but there is no direct evidence of such marriage. He died April 9th, 1697. ↩

  1157. This “thing” was probably one of those large grants which Clarendon quietly, or, as he himself says, “without noise or scandal,” procured from the king. Besides lands and manors, Clarendon states at one time that the king gave him a “little billet into his hand, that contained a warrant of his own handwriting to Sir Stephen Fox to pay to the Chancellor the sum of £20,000 of which nobody could have notice.” In 1662 he received £5,000 out of the money voted to the king by the Parliament of Ireland, as he mentions in his vindication of himself against the impeachment of the Commons; and we shall see that Pepys, in February, 1664, names another sum of £20,000 given to the Chancellor to clear the mortgage upon Clarendon Park; and this last sum, it was believed, was paid from the money received from France by the sale of Dunkirk. —⁠B. ↩

  1158. The Lord Privy Seal was John, Lord Robartes, and his house stood at the corner of Paradise Row and Robinson’s Lane. Lord Robartes was created Earl of Radnor in 1679, and one of the streets in the neighbourhood of his house is called Radnor Street. ↩

  1159. Houses at Chelsea situated on the low ground on the banks of the Thames. The church of St. Gabriel’s, Pimlico, marks the site. ↩

  1160. Alphonso, son of Robert Marsh, one of the musicians in ordinary to Charles I, baptized at St. Margaret’s, Westminster, January 28th, 1627. ↩

  1161. The child was christened Katherine, see post, September 3rd, 1661. ↩

  1162. Lady Jemima and Lady Paulina Montagu. ↩

  1163. Sir William Davenant introduced the use of scenery. The character of Hamlet was one of Betterton’s masterpieces. Downes tells us that he was taught by Davenant how the part was acted by Taylor of the Blackfriars, who was instructed by Shakespeare himself. ↩

  1164. A comedy, by Richard Brome, first acted at Salisbury Court, 1638, and published in 1640. ↩

  1165. This Three Cranes tavern was situated in the Poultry. There is a token of George Twine, dated 1665 (see Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 704). ↩

  1166. The Jovial Crew, or the Merry Beggars, a comedy, by Richard Brome, first acted at the Cockpit, Drury Lane, in 1641. Published in 1652. ↩

  1167. Balthazar St. Michel, see note 199. ↩

  1168. The French comedians acted at the Cockpit. The Theatre Royal on the site of the present Drury Lane Theatre was not built till 1663. ↩

  1169. Lord John Somerset, second son of the first Marquis of Worcester, had himself three sons, Henry, Thomas, and Charles, but it is uncertain which is here meant. There was no other Lord Somerset to whom the passage could apply. It was probably Thomas, as the other brothers were married. —⁠B. ↩

  1170. The young ladies’ governess. ↩

  1171. A voluntary contribution made by the subjects to their sovereign. Upon this occasion the clergy alone gave £33,743. See May 31st, 1661. —⁠B. ↩

  1172. Lady Katherine Montagu, youngest daughter of Lord Sandwich, married, first, Nicholas Bacon, eldest son and heir of Sir Nicholas Bacon, K.B., of Shrubland Hall, co. Suffolk; and, secondly, the Rev. Balthazar Gardeman. She died January 15th, 1757, at ninety-six years, four months. —⁠B. ↩

  1173. Apparently a servant of Mr. Somerset’s. —⁠B. ↩

  1174. A comedy, by John Fletcher, acted at the Blackfriars. It was published first in 1637. ↩

  1175. Admiral Sir George Ayscue, knighted by Charles I, but appointed Admiral of the Fleet in the Irish Seas in 1649 “for his fidelity and good affection to the Parliament.” Vice-Admiral of the Blue Squadron under the Duke of York in the action with the Dutch fleet on June 3rd, 1665, and Admiral of the White under Prince Rupert and the Duke of Albemarle in 1666, when he was taken prisoner by the Dutch (see Diary, June 7th, 1666). ↩

  1176. Sir Theophilus Jones had represented the county of Dublin in parliament, and served as a colonel in the Commonwealth army. —⁠B. ↩

  1177. Dorothy or Doll did not stay long, for on November 27th we find that Mrs. Pepys parted with her. ↩

  1178. A tragedy, by John Ford, acted at the Phoenix, Drury Lane, and printed 1633. ↩

  1179. Dr. Williams’s house was in Holborn. ↩

  1180. Pepys seldom liked any play of Shakespeare’s, and he sadly blundered when he supposed Twelfth Night was a new play. ↩

  1181. “Two long boats that were made in Venice, called gondolas, were by the Duke of Venice (Dominico Contareni) presented to His Majesty; and the attending watermen, being four, were in very rich clothes, crimson satin; very big were their breeches and doublets; they wore also very large shirts of the same satin, very richly laced.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    —⁠B. ↩

  1182. The manorial court of Graveley, in Huntingdonshire, to which Impington owed suit or service, and under which the Pepys’s copyhold estates were held. See July 8th, 1661, ante. —⁠B. ↩

  1183. Puckeridge, a village in Hertfordshire six and a half miles N.N.E., of Ware. ↩

  1184. Sturbridge fair is of great antiquity. The first trace of it is found in a charter granted about 1211 by King John to the Lepers of the Hospital of St. Mary Magdalen at Sturbridge by Cambridge, a fair to be held in the close of the hospital on the vigil and feast of the Holy Cross (see Cornelius Walford’s Fairs Past and Present, 1883, p. 54). ↩

  1185. To Robert Pepys of Brampton, his eldest brother. ↩

  1186. Bugden, or Buckden, a village and parish in the St. Neots district of Huntingdonshire, four miles S.W. of Huntingdon. ↩

  1187. Probably Thomas Case, see ante, May 15th, 1660. ↩

  1188. Baldock, a town, parish, and sub-district in the district of Hitchin, Herts. ↩

  1189. Probably the original of the well-known Mother Redcap at Upper Holloway. ↩

  1190. Algiers. ↩

  1191. The Mews stood on the site of the present National Gallery. The place was originally occupied by the king’s falcons, but in the reign of Henry VIII it was turned into a stable. After the battle of Naseby it was used as a prison for a time. The Mews was rebuilt in 1732, and taken down in 1830. ↩

  1192. Pepys saw this play acted well on March 14th, 1660⁠–⁠61. ↩

  1193. Richard Country, captain of the Hind, a vessel of six guns and thirty-five men, in the fleet at Scheveling. ↩

  1194. The antiquity of the cultivation of the melon is very remote. Both the melon (cucumis melo) and the watermelon (cucumis citrullus) were introduced into England at the end of the sixteenth century. See vol. i, p. 228. ↩

  1195. The only mention of this piece occurs in a MS. list of plays belonging to Will. Beeston, as governor of the Cockpit, in Drury Lane, preserved in the Lord Chamberlain’s office. The list is dated August 10th, 1639. Mr. Halliwell-Phillipps states that a small portion of the piece formed into a droll under the title of “The Doctors of Dullhead College,” is printed in the Wits, or Sport Upon Sport, 1672. ↩

  1196. George Penn, elder brother of Sir William, was a merchant at San Lucar. ↩

  1197. The Red Lion in King Street is not mentioned in the List of Taverns in London and Westminster in 1698 (Harl. MS. 4716). ↩

  1198. The Baron de Batteville, or, as is more often written, Vatteville. See ante, note 1067. ↩

  1199. Godefroi, Comte d’Estrades, Marshal of France, and Viceroy of America. He proved himself, upon many occasions, an able diplomatist, and particularly at the conferences of Nimeguen when acting as plenipotentiary in 1678. Died February 26th, 1686, aged seventy-nine. ↩

  1200. The Count Brahé. ↩

  1201. This had been a frequent source of contention, and many absurd incidents had occurred. In 1618, Caspar Dauvet, Comte des Marets, ambassador to James I, left our court in dissatisfaction upon a point of precedence claimed by him over Gondomar, which was not allowed by James. The question now came to a crisis, and was settled. See Evelyn’s account, drawn up by royal command, printed at the end of his Diary. —⁠B. ↩

  1202. The Comte de Brienne insinuates, in his Memoirs, that Charles purposely abstained from interfering, in the belief that it was for his interest to let France and Spain quarrel, in order to further his own designs in the match with Portugal. Louis certainly held that opinion; and he afterwards instructed D’Estrades to solicit from the English court the punishment of those Londoners who had insulted his ambassador, and to demand the dismissal of De Batteville. Either no Londoner had interfered, or Louis’s demand had not in England the same force as in Spain; for no one was punished. The latter part of his request it was clearly not for Charles to entertain, much less enforce. —⁠B. ↩

  1203. See note 1066. ↩

  1204. This fray was the occasion of a good joke at the French court, thus related in the Menagiana, vol. ii, p. 336:⁠—“Lors qu’on demandoit, ‘Que fait Batteville en Angleterre?’ on repondoit, ‘Ill bat L’Estrade.’” This expression, as is well known, means “battre la campagne avec de la cavalerie pour avoir des nouvelles des ennemis.” —⁠Chambaud’s Dictionary —⁠B. ↩

  1205. The French accounts swell the number of the Spanish ambassador’s attendants to two thousand; two hundred would, perhaps, be the truth. —⁠B. ↩

  1206. This place so often mentioned, was first given up to the English fleet under Lord Sandwich, by the Portuguese, January 30th, 1662; and Lord Peterborough left governor, with a garrison. The greatest pains were afterwards taken to preserve the fortress, and a fine mole was constructed at a vast expense, to improve the harbour. At length, after immense sums of money had been wasted there, the House of Commons expressed a dislike to the management of the garrison, which they suspected to be a nursery for a popish army, and seemed disinclined to maintain it any longer. The king consequently, in 1683, sent Lord Dartmouth to bring home the troops, and destroy the works; which he performed so effectually, that it would puzzle all our engineers to restore the harbour. It were idle to speculate on the benefits which might have accrued to England, by its preservation and retention; Tangier fell into the hands of the Moors, its importance having ceased, with the demolition of the mole. Many curious views of Tangier were taken by Hollar, during its occupation by the English; and his drawings are preserved in the British Museum. Some have been engraved by himself; but the impressions are of considerable rarity. —⁠B. ↩

  1207. The White Devil; or, the Tragedy of Paulo Giordano Ursini, Duke of Brachiano, with the Life and Death of Vittoria Corombona the Famous Venetian Courtesan, by John Webster. Acted at the Phoenix, in Drury Lane, and first printed in 1612. ↩

  1208. The courier sent by D’Estrades to Paris, with the news of his discomfiture, arrived at the hotel of the Comte de Brienne (Louis-Henri de Lomenie, who had succeeded his father, Henri-Auguste, as Secretary of State) at eleven at night. Brienne instantly repaired to the king, then at supper with the queen-mother, his own queen, and his brother, Philippe of Anjou (Monsieur); and, requesting Louis to appear composed before the numerous spectators, he told him that the Spanish ambassadors people had cut the traces of his ambassador’s coach, killed two coachmen, and cut the horses’ bridles; and that the Spanish ambassador’s coach had taken precedence of that of D’Estrades, whose own son had also been wounded in the affray. In spite of the caution which he had received, Louis rose up in such agitation, as nearly to overturn the table; seized Brienne by the arm, led him into the queen-mother’s chamber, and bade him read D’Estrade’s despatch. The queen-mother followed in haste. “What is the matter?” said she. “It is,” replied the king, “an attempt to embroil the King of Spain and myself.” The queen-mother begged him to return to the company. “I have supped, madam,” said he, raising his voice. “I will be righted in this affair, or I will declare war against the King of Spain; and I will force him to yield precedence to my ambassadors in every court in Europe.” “Oh, my son!” replied the queen-mother, “break not a peace which has cost me so dear; and remember, that the King of Spain is my brother.” “Leave me, madam,” rejoined Louis, “to hear D’Estrade’s despatch. Return to the table, and let some fruit only be prepared for me.” Anne of Austria having retired, Louis listened to the despatch, and instantly gave his commands to Brienne; which were, in substance, to order the Conde de Fuensaldagna, the Spanish ambassador, to quit France instantly, and to forbid the Marques de las Fuentes, his intended successor, to set foot on the French territory⁠—to recall his commissioners on the boundary question, as well as the Archbishop of Embrun, his ambassador at Madrid⁠—to demand from the King of Spain an apology proportionable to the offence; that De Batteville should be punished in person; and that in all the courts of Europe the Spanish ambassador should give place to the French; and, on the refusal of any part of his demands, to declare war. Louis gained all and every point. After much paper war, and many protocols, Spain gave way. The Baron de Batteville was recalled; the Marques de las Fuentes was sent ambassador extraordinary to Paris, to tender apologies; and on March 24th, 1662, in the presence of twenty-seven ambassadors and envoys from various courts of Europe, the Marques de las Fuentes declared to Louis XIV that the king, his master, had sent orders to all his ambassadors and ministers to abstain from all rivalry with those of Louis. Louis, turning to the foreign ministers, desired them to communicate this declaration to their masters. The Dutch ambassador drily remarked, that he had heard of embassies to tender obedience to the Pope, but that he had never before known of such from one prince to another. An amusing volume might be written on the absurd punctilios of the ambassadors of the seventeenth century. A medal was struck by the French to commemorate this great event. —⁠B. ↩

  1209. This prejudice extended to the days of Pope, whose country mouse entertained his courtly guest with

    “Cheese such as men in Suffolk make,
    But wished it Stilton for his sake.”

    Imitations of Horace, Sat. vi, b. ii

    See also Shadwell’s Works, vol. iv, p. 350. —⁠B. ↩

  1210. To bloat is to dry by smoke, a method chiefly used to cure herrings or bloaters.

    “I have more smoke in my mouth than would blote a hundred herrings.”

    Beaumont and Fletcher, Island Princess

    “Why, you stink like so many bloat-herrings newly taken out of the chimney.”

    Ben Jonson, Masque of Augurs

    ↩

  1211. Snuff, anger.

    “Who therewith angry, when it next came there,
    Took it in snuff.”

    Shakespeare, 1 Henry IV, act i, sc. 3

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  1212. Mr. Thornbury was yeoman of the wine cellar to the king. See ante, April 23, 1661. ↩

  1213. Elizabeth Dekins or Dickins, sometimes styled Morena (or brunette), daughter of John Dekins. She died in October, 1662 (see post Oct. 3, 1662). ↩

  1214. St. Gregory’s Church was at the west end of old St. Paul’s. It was destroyed in the Great Fire, and not rebuilt. The parish was then joined to that of St. Mary Magdalen’s, Knightrider Street, and is now united to St. Martin’s, Ludgate Hill. ↩

  1215. James Buck, D.D., afterwards preacher at the Temple, a man of great learning, and rector of St. James’s, Garlickhithe, from 1661 till his death, at an advanced age, in 1685. —⁠B. ↩

  1216. Sir William Rider’s house was at Bethnal Green, and was popularly associated with the ballad of the “Beggar’s Daughter of Bethnal Green.” It was long known as the “Blind Beggar’s House.” ↩

  1217. Elizabeth Montagu, wife of Sir Daniel Harvey, who was appointed ambassador to Constantinople in 1668. ↩

  1218. Pepys had seen Shirley’s Traitor on November 22nd, 1660. ↩

  1219. Captain George Cock, a merchant possessed of large tanning works in Limerick. On July 31st, 1660, he was rewarded for his services during the Civil War with the office of searcher of the port of Newcastle, his native place; commissioner for inspecting the chest; and in November, 1664, steward for sick and wounded seamen. Elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, 1666, and died 1679. ↩

  1220. The King of Portugal was Alfonso VI, who ascended the throne in 1656, and was deposed in 1667. ↩

  1221. A part of the main riverside road was long known as Limekiln Hill, after this lime-house. ↩

  1222. A peculiar boat of ten or fifteen tons, for the herring fishery.

    Smyth’s Sailor’s Word-Book

    ↩

  1223. “Wear your clothes neat, exceeding rather than coming short of others of like fortune; a charge borne out by acceptance where ever you come. Therefore spare all other ways rather than prove defective in this.”

    Advice to a Son, by Francis Osborn, i. 23

    ↩

  1224. A tragicomedy by Sir William Davenant. It was originally acted at the Blackfriars, and printed in 1649.

    “This play was richly cloth’d; the King gave Mr. Betterton his Coronation suit, in which he acted the part of Prince Alvaro; the Duke of York giving Mr. Harris his, who did Prince Prospero; and my Lord of Oxford gave Mr. Joseph Price his, who did Lionel, the Duke of Parma’s son. The Duke was acted by Mr. Lillistn; Evandra by Mrs. Davenport, and all the other parts being very well done. The play having a great run produc’d the Company great gain and estimation from the Town.”

    Downes, Roscius Anglicanus, 1708, pp. 21, 22

    ↩

  1225. This complaint is referred to in Ben Jonson’s Every Man in His Humour, and in 1659 H. Whitmore published a little book entitled Febris Anomala, or the New Disease that now rageth throughout England. It appears to have been somewhat similar to subsequent epidemics of influenza. ↩

  1226. Henry Mordaunt, second Earl of Peterborough, born November 16th, 1621; Captain-General of the Forces in Tangier, Fez, and Morocco, and Chief Governor of Tangier from September 6th, 1661, to June, 1663; Privy Councillor, 1674⁠–⁠79, 1683; and in 1685 made Groom of the Stole to James II. He was created K.G. 1685, and died June 19th, 1697. ↩

  1227. For note on Tangier, see ante, September 30th, 1661. ↩

  1228. A comedy by the Duke of Newcastle, which was originally played at the Blackfriars, and printed in 1649. ↩

  1229. Host of the Mitre in Fenchurch Street. ↩

  1230. Hunt was a musical instrument maker. See ante, Oct. 25th. ↩

  1231. Henry Glapthorne’s tragicomedy. See note 914. ↩

  1232. Doubtless the same mentioned June 27th, 1661. It was a chapeau de poil, a mark of some distinction in those days, and which gave name to Rubens’s famous picture, formerly in Sir Robert Peel’s collection (now at the National Gallery), of a lady in a beaver hat, or chapeau de poil. This having been corrupted into chapeau de paille, has led to many mistakes and conjectures. ↩

  1233. Sir John Frederick, educated at Christ’s Hospital, and afterwards its president. ↩

  1234. The celebrated Quaker, and founder of Pennsylvania. ↩

  1235. Fuller’s Historic of the Holy War, fourth edition, folio, Cambridge, 1651, is in the Pepysian Library. ↩

  1236. Thomas Betterton, the celebrated actor, born in Westminster and baptized on August 11th, 1635, was the son of Matthew Betterton, an under-cook to Charles I, and first appeared on the stage at the Cockpit in Drury Lane, in 1659⁠–⁠60. After the Restoration, two distinct companies were established by royal authority: one called the King’s Company, under a patent granted to Thomas Killigrew; the other styled the Duke’s Company, the patentee of which was Sir William Davenant, who engaged Betterton. Mr. Robert W. Lowe, in his valuable little work, Thomas Betterton, 1891, states his belief that the character of Archas in The Loyal Subject was taken by Betterton in 1660 (see ante, note 650). Betterton died April 28th, 1710, and was buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey. ↩

  1237. A bull fight. See May 24th, 1662. —⁠B. ↩

  1238. Of Impington, great-uncle to Samuel and father of Roger Pepys, M.P., and Thomas Pepys, M.D. He died March, 1665⁠–⁠66 (see March 12th, 1665⁠–⁠66). ↩

  1239. The Court of Requests was abolished by act of parliament, 16⁠–⁠17 Car. I c. 10. It was held in a part of the old Westminster Palace, and adjoined St. Stephen’s Chapel. ↩

  1240. Sergeant John Turner, husband of Jane Pepys, who lived in Salisbury Court. ↩

  1241. The King’s letter to the Council for this purpose was read on November 19th. —⁠B. ↩

  1242. Lord Braybrooke says probably John Buck, D.D., who was vicar of Stradbrook, Suffolk, and published, in 1660, a Thanksgiving Sermon, preached at St. Paul’s, but see ante, note 1215, for Dr. James Buck. ↩

  1243. “Woe unto thee, Chorazin! woe unto thee, Bethsaida!” etc.

    —⁠Matthew 11:21; Luke 10:13

    ↩

  1244. The Count Brahé. ↩

  1245. And that, too, in the river Thames itself. The right of obliging ships of all nations to lower topsails, and strike their flag to the English, whilst in the British seas, and even on the French coasts, had, up to this time, been rigidly enforced. When Sully was sent by Henry IV, in 1603, to congratulate James I on his accession, and in a ship commanded by a vice-admiral of France, he was fired upon by the English Admiral Mansel, for daring to hoist the flag of France in the presence of that of England, although within sight of Calais. The French flag was lowered, and all Sully’s remonstrances could obtain no redress for the alleged injury. According to Rugge, Holmes had insisted upon the Swede’s lowering his flag, and had even fired a shot to enforce the observance of the usual tribute of respect, but the ambassador sent his secretary and another gentleman on board the English frigate, to assure the captain, upon the word and honour of an ambassador, that the king, by a verbal order, had given him leave and a dispensation in that particular, and upon this false representation he was allowed to proceed on his voyage without further question. This want of caution, and disobedience of orders, fell heavily on Holmes, who was imprisoned for two months, and not re-appointed to the same ship. Brahé afterwards made a proper submission for the fault he had committed, at his own court. His conduct reminds us of Sir Henry Wotton’s definition of an ambassador⁠—that he is an honest man sent to lie abroad for the good of his country. A pun upon the term lieger⁠—ambassador. —⁠B. ↩

  1246. Edward Hyde, first Earl of Clarendon, was twice married. His first wife was Anne, daughter of Sir George Ayliffe, Bart., of Gretenham, in the county of Wilts. He married her in 1628, when he was only twenty years old, and she died of the smallpox six months afterwards, before any child was born. In 1634 he married Frances, daughter of Sir Thomas and Lady Aylesbury, by whom he had four sons and two daughters. Sir Thomas Aylesbury, Bart., had been secretary to George, Duke of Buckingham, and through his influence was made Master of Requests and Master of the Mint. He died at Breda in 1657, aged eighty-one. ↩

  1247. Fondness, foolishness.

    “Fondness it were for any, being free,
    To covet fetters, though they golden be.”

    Spenser, Sonnet 37

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  1248. Philaster; or, Love Lies A-Bleeding, a tragicomedy, by Beaumont and Fletcher, acted at court in 1613. ↩

  1249. Samuel, son of Lord Chief Justice Pepys. ↩

  1250. Letter on Liberty and Necessity, by Thomas Hobbes, 1654. ↩

  1251. Smallwood, poser at St. Paul’s School (see February 4th, 1663⁠–⁠64). ↩

  1252. The edition of Camden’s Britannia, now in the Pepysian Library, is that of London, 1695. ↩

  1253. A mistake. According to the journals, £1,200,000. And see Diary, February 29th, 1663⁠–⁠64. —⁠M. B. ↩

  1254. Martha Batten, afterwards married to Mr. Castle. ↩

  1255. Savill, the painter of Cheapside, is not mentioned by Walpole. ↩

  1256. Richard Dukes on was the rector of the parish at this time. ↩

  1257. “Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above.”

    Epistle of James 1:17

    ↩

  1258. Major-General Edward Massey (or Massie), son of John Massie, was captain of one of the foot companies of the Irish Expedition, and had Oliver Cromwell as his ensign (see Peacock’s Army Lists in 1642, p. 65). He was Governor of Gloucester in its obstinate defence against the royal forces, 1643; dismissed by the self-denying ordinance when he entered Charles II’s service. He was taken prisoner at the battle of Worcester, September 3rd, 1651, but escaped abroad. ↩

  1259. This is a strange use of the word Tory, and an early one also. The word originally meant bogtrotters or wild Irish, and as Penn was Governor of Kildare these may have been some of his Irish followers. The term was not used politically until about 1679. ↩

  1260. Lord Sandwich’s Journal has been printed by Kennett. See note 1338. —⁠B. ↩

  1261. The Ironmongers’ Company possess in trust an enormous sum, left by Thomas Betton, for the redemption of Christian slaves in Barbary. Since Lord Exmouth’s expedition, no claims have arisen upon the fund, which is now administered for other purposes, under the direction of the Court of Chancery. —⁠B. ↩

  1262. John Dugdale, Windsor Herald. ↩

  1263. Christopher, first Lord Hatton. Died 1670. ↩

  1264. Sarah did not stay long with Mrs. Pepys, who was continually falling out with her. She left to enter Sir William Penn’s service. ↩

  1265. Henry VII did not do this, and Selden did not say he did. It was, as Pepys says, “a lie.” In May, 1670, Arthur Capel, the first Earl of Essex, was sent as Ambassador Extraordinary to Denmark in a ship of war. He was thrice fired upon with shot by Major-General Holke, who commanded the Castle of Cronenburg, which Essex had neglected or refused to salute. Essex was ordered to obtain the fullest reparation, and he did so promptly. On the 19th of the same month, Sir John Trevor, Secretary of State, acknowledged the good success which Lord Essex had had “about the flag. His Majesty received your letter with great satisfaction, which came seasonably to be declared here before the French Court. The satisfaction you have obtained is absolute, and a full renounce to all that pretence on their part.” ↩

  1266. Here, as in so many other instances, Pepys gives the second title only of the play. The correct title is, The Princess, or Love at First Sight, a Tragicomedy: The Scene, Naples and Sicily. Written in Naples by Thomas Killigrew. It was published at London, 1663. ↩

  1267. Selden’s work is in the Pepysian Library, Joannis Seldeni Mare Clausum. Londini, 1635, folio. ↩

  1268. In a speech of Lord Lucas in the House of Lords, the 22nd February, 1670⁠–⁠1 (which speech was burnt by the common hangman), he thus adverted to that coin:

    “It is evident that there is scarcity of money; for all the parliament’s money called breeches (a fit stamp for the coin of the Rump) is wholly vanished⁠—the king’s proclamation and the Dutch have swept it all away, and of his now majesty’s coin there appears but very little; so that in effect we have none left for common use, but a little old lean coined money of the late three former princes. And what supply is preparing for it, my lords? I hear of none, unless it be of copper farthings, and this is the metal that is to vindicate, according to the inscription on it, the dominion of the four seas.”

    Quoted in Penn’s Memorials of Sir Wm. Penn, ii 264

    ↩

  1269. Sir John Ireton, Lord Mayor, 1658, knighted by Cromwell, died 1689. He was brother of General Ireton. ↩

  1270. Samuel Moyer, one of the Council of State, 1653. —⁠B. See note 3416. ↩

  1271. A tragicomedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, published in the edition of their plays, 1647. ↩

  1272. Charles II’s charter to the Company, confirming and extending the former charter, is dated April 3rd, 1661. Bombay, just acquired as part of Queen Katherine’s dowry, was made over to the Company by Letters Patent dated March 27th, 1669. ↩

  1273. See a similar outrage, committed by Captain Ferrers, September 12th, 1662. Swords were usually worn by footmen. See May 4th, 1662, post. —⁠B. ↩

  1274. Sir John Burroughs had already written a treatise on The Sovereignty of the British Seas proved by Records, History, and the Municipall Lawes of this Kingdome. Written in the year 1633 by that Learned Knight, Sir John Boroughs, Keeper of the Records in the Tower of London. London, 1651, copies of which, both in Latin and English, are common, and one of which is in the Pepysian Library. William Ryley, the herald, Deputy Keeper of the Records, had also written on the subject, and had made extracts from the records. Ryley’s collections appear to have belonged to James II, and were probably made for him at this time. The Duke of Newcastle afterwards possessed them, and they are now in the British Museum. ↩

  1275. The governess. See ante, note 1170. ↩

  1276. Cutter, an old word for a rough swaggerer: hence the title of Cowley’s play. It was originally called The Guardian, when acted before Prince Charles at Trinity College, Cambridge, on March 12th, 1641. ↩

  1277. Joseph Kirton (see note 221). ↩

  1278. Samuel Cromleholme or Crumlum, high master (see note 159). Nathaniel Bull was second or sur master. ↩

  1279. “The wenches with their wassall bowls
    About the streets are singing.”

    Wither’s Christmas Carol

    The old custom of carrying the wassail bowl from door to door, with songs and merriment, in Christmas week, is still observed in some of our rural districts. —⁠B. ↩

  1280. Bussy d’Ambois, a tragedy by George Chapman, first published in 1607. ↩

  1281. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, acted at court in December, 1622. Pepys saw this play March 16th, 1660⁠–⁠61, at Whitefriars Theatre. ↩

  1282. Probably John Grant or Graunt, a highly respected tradesman of Birchin Lane, author of Observations on a Collection of the London Bills of Mortality. He died April 18th, 1674. ↩

  1283. Samuel Cooper, the most eminent of English miniature painters, born in London, 1609, and instructed in his art by his uncle, John Hoskins. He resided for some years in Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, and died May 5th, 1672. ↩

  1284. William Faithorne, the well-known engraver. See note 526. ↩

  1285. Evelyn also mentions this visit of the king to Lincoln’s Inn, but enters into more detail. He writes,

    “I went to London, invited to the solemn foolery of the Prince de la Grange at Lincoln’s Inn, where came the King, Duke, etc. It began with a grand masque, and a formal pleading before the mock Princes, Grandees, Nobles, and Knights of the Sun. He had his Lord Chancellor, Chamberlain, Treasurer, and other Royal officers, gloriously clad and attended. It ended in a magnificent banquet. One Mr. Lort was the young spark who maintain’d the pageantry.”

    Evelyn’s Diary, January 1st, 1661⁠–⁠62

    ↩

  1286. Sir William Penn married very early in life Margaret, daughter of John Jasper, of Rotterdam. She died in 1682, and was buried at Walthamstow, March 4th, 1681⁠–⁠82. —⁠Penn’s Memorials of Sir William Penn, ii 572 ↩

  1287. The same custom is noticed, February 3rd, 1661⁠–⁠62. ↩

  1288. William Hewer. ↩

  1289. Sir Paul Neile, of White Waltham, Berks (see note 959). ↩

  1290. The first Duke or Doge of Genoa was Simon Boccanegra, elected in 1339. Hallam gives an account of the origin of the ducal government in his Europe During the Middle Ages, chapter iii. ↩

  1291. John Berchinshaw, an Irishman, translated the Elementale Musicum, 8vo, 1664, and issued, in 1672, a prospectus of a complete system of music, but it is doubtful if the book ever appeared. In the Pepysian Library is a thin folio volume entitled, Mr. Berchinshaw’s Two Parts to be sung (severally) with ye ordinary Church Tunes of the Singing Psalms. Evelyn mentions him in his Diary (August 3rd, 1664) in high terms, and describes him as “that rare artist who invented a mathematical way of composure very extraordinary, true as to the exact rules of art, but without much harmonie.” He lived at Southwark, see post, February 24th, 1661⁠–⁠62. A John Birchenshaw was buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey, May 14th, 1681, but it is not certain that this was the teacher of music. ↩

  1292. These three brothers were the sons of Robert Honywood of Charing, Kent, who had purchased the estate of Mark’s Hall, in Essex; and whose mother, Mary Attwaters, after forty-four years of widowhood, died at ninety-three, having lived to see three hundred and sixty-seven of her own lawful descendants. Colonel Honywood and Peter seem, from subsequent notices in the Diary, to have been both knighted: but we find no particulars of their history. Michael Honywood, D.D., was rector of Kegworth, co. Leicester, and seeking refuge at Utrecht during the Rebellion, was, on his return, made Dean of Lincoln, and died in 1681, aged eighty-five, having been generally considered a learned and holy man. The widow of Dean Honywood left his library to the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln. Many early printed books of great rarity contained in this collection were dispersed under the auspices of Dean Gordon in 1817, and replaced by the purchase of modern works comparatively of no value. See Botfield’s Account of Our Cathedral Libraries. In the Topographer and Genealogist, No. V, there is a printed account of “Mary Honywood and her Posterity,” taken from a MS. of Peter Le Neve’s, in the Lansdowne Collection in the British Museum. —⁠B. ↩

  1293. They are formed by dropping melted glass into water. These drops are still called after Prince Rupert, who brought them out of Germany, where they were named “Lacrymæ Batavicæ.” They consist of glass drops with long and slender tails, which burst to pieces on the breaking off those tails in any part. The invention is thus alluded to in Hudibras:⁠—

    “Honour is like that glassy bubble
    That finds philosophers such trouble,
    Whose least part cracked, the whole does fly,
    And wits are cracked to find out why.”

    Part II, canto ii, line 385

    —⁠B. ↩

  1294. A game of cards played by three persons with forty-four cards, each hand having twelve cards, and eight being left for the stock. —⁠Nares’s Glossary. Ben Jonson mentions it with Primero as a fashionable game in The Alchemist, v. 4. The laws of the game are given in the Wit’s Interpreter, 1662, p. 365. “Whatever games were stirring at places where he retired, as gammon, gleek, piquet, or even the merry main, he made one.” —⁠North’s Life of Lord Keeper Guildford, vol. i, p. 17 ↩

  1295. On the 8th a proclamation was issued for a general fast to be observed in London and Westminster on the 15th, and in the rest of England on the 22nd, with prayers on occasion of “the present unseasonableness of the weather.” William Lucy, Bishop of St. Davids, preached before the House of Lords. Dr. Samuel Bolton and Dr. Bruno Ryves preached at St. Margaret’s before the House of Commons. —⁠B. ↩

  1296. The old proverb says truly, that “a green yule maketh a fat kirk yard.” Apples were growing at this time. —⁠B. ↩

  1297. Frederick, created first Lord Cornwallis, April 20th, 1661, who died January 31st, 1662, was Treasurer of the Household. ↩

  1298. Gambia, on the western coast of Africa, then recently possessed by the English. Its unhealthy character is still, alas! well proved by our cruisers against the slave trade. —⁠B. ↩

  1299. The report proved to be false. ↩

  1300. Henry Montagu, first Earl of Manchester, had numerous issue by his first wife, Catherine Spencer; but George, here mentioned, was the eldest son of Margaret Crouch, widow of John Hare, the earl’s third wife. ↩

  1301. Edward Montagu, eldest son of Edward, second Lord Montagu of Boughton. He died unmarried. ↩

  1302. Ralph, second son of Edward, second Lord Montagu of Boughton. He was ambassador to France in 1666, 1669, 1676, 1677⁠–⁠78, and was created Earl in 1689, and Duke of Montagu in 1705; he died March 7th, 1709. ↩

  1303. Edward, second Earl of Manchester. ↩

  1304. Robert Montagu, Viscount Mandeville, was a gentleman of the bedchamber to Charles II, 1666⁠–⁠1681. He became third Earl of Manchester on his father’s death in 1671, and died at Paris, March 14, 1683. ↩

  1305. Charles, third son of Sir Miles Fleetwood, Knt.; General and Commander-in-Chief to the Protector Richard, whose sister, Bridget, widow of Ireton, he had married as his second wife. After the king’s return he lived in obscurity, and died October 4th, 1692. ↩

  1306. John Downes, member of the Long Parliament. He joined the Parliamentary army, and was made a colonel of militia. One of the king’s judges who signed the death warrant. Elected to the Council of State, November 25th, 1651, and again, May 14th, 1659. At the Restoration he published A True and Humble Representation Touching the Death of the Late King as Far as He May Be Concerned Therein. Arrested at Hampstead, June 18th, 1660; condemned, but reprieved, and kept prisoner in Newgate. He was in the Tower in November, 1666. ↩

  1307. Three Cranes, in Upper Thames Street. ↩

  1308. “I remember your honour very well, when you newly came out of France, and wore pantaloon breeches; at which time your late honoured father [Sir W. Penn] dwelt in the Navy Office, in that apartment the Lord Viscount Brouncker dwelt in afterwards, which was on the north part of the Navy Office garden.”

    P. Gibson of Penn ye Quaker, Life of Penn, vol. ii, p. 616

    —⁠B. ↩

  1309. He had been gentleman of the privy chamber to Charles I, and resident in France for that monarch. He was created a baronet September 1st, 1649, and died February 10th, 1683. Much is said of him in the Diary of John Evelyn, who married his only child and heir; and thus became possessor of Sayes Court. Part of Deptford Dockyard is still held under the Evelyn family. The plans, on a large scale, of Sayes Court and Deptford Dockyard, executed by Joel Gascoyne in 1692, probably for Evelyn himself, are in the British Museum, together with plans of the dockyard as it existed in 1688, 1698, and 1774, respectively; and also other plans of the docks made for the Evelyns. —⁠B. ↩

  1310. Sir N. Crisp was magnificent in all his projects. See ante, February 11th, 1659⁠–⁠60. —⁠B. ↩

  1311. A kind of weir with floodgate, or a navigable sluice. This project is mentioned by Evelyn, January 16th, 1661⁠–⁠62, and Lysons’ Environs vol. iv, p. 392. —⁠B. ↩

  1312. John Dekins. See ante, October 6th, 1661. ↩

  1313. William, second son of Sir Thomas Monson, Bart.; created, by Charles I, Viscount Monson of Castlemaine, in the kingdom of Ireland. Notwithstanding this act of favour, he was instrumental in the king’s death; and in 1661, being degraded of his honours, was sentenced, with Sir Henry Mildmay and Robert Wallop, to undergo the punishment here described. None of their names were subscribed to the king’s sentence. An account of this ceremony was printed at the time, entitled, “The Traitors’s Pilgrimage from the Tower to Tyburn, being a true relation of the drawing of William Lord Mounson, Sir Henry Mildmay and ’Squire Wallop⁠ ⁠… with the manner of the proceedings at Tyburn, in order to the degrading and divesting of them of their former titles of honour, and their declaratory speeches to both the right worshipful Sheriffs of London and Middlesex.” Lord Monson and Lord Sondes are descended from the eldest son of Sir Thomas Monson. Viscount Monson left one son by his second wife, Alston Monson, who died s.p. in 1674. —⁠Collins’s Peerage. —⁠B. ↩

  1314. Sir Henry Mildmay, third son of Sir Humphrey Mildmay, had enjoyed the confidence of Charles I, who made him Master of the Jewel Office; but he sat as one of the king’s judges, although he did not sign the death warrant. He died at Antwerp. His estate of Wansted was confiscated, and was given to Sir Robert Brookes; and by him, or his heirs, or creditors, alienated in 1667 to Sir Josiah Childe, ancestor of the Earl Tylney. See May 14th, 1665. It is now Lord Mornington’s, in right of his first wife. Sir Henry Mildmay’s other estates were saved by being settled on his marriage. —⁠B. ↩

  1315. Robert Wallop, the direct ancestor of the Earl of Portsmouth. He died in the Tower, November 16th, 1667. —⁠B. ↩

  1316. “Who can stretch forth his hand against the Lord’s anointed, and be guiltless?”

    1 Samuel 26:9

    ↩

  1317. Hezekiah Burton, S.T.B. 1661; died 1681. See ante, February 25th, 1659⁠–⁠60. ↩

  1318. Algiers. ↩

  1319. Ecclesiastes 11:1. ↩

  1320. As if they were a newly-married couple. See January 26th, 1660⁠–⁠61, and 8th February, 1662⁠–⁠63. ↩

  1321. Probably Benjamin Templer, rector of Ashby, in Northamptonshire. —⁠B. ↩

  1322. Who afterwards caused Pepys much trouble and inconvenience. ↩

  1323. The Duke of York’s letter “to the Principal Officers and Commanders of His Majesty’s Navy,” dated “Whitehall, January 28th, 1661⁠–⁠62,” is printed in Penn’s Memorials of Sir W. Penn, ii 265. The Instructions were a revisal and confirmation of the “Orders and Instructions” issued in 1640 by Algernon, Earl of Northumberland, then Lord High Admiral. Sir W. Penn had a hand in this revisal. ↩

  1324. Captain William Hill. ↩

  1325. Mrs. Porter, the turner’s wife (see August 10th, 1665). ↩

  1326. Fuller’s History of the Worthies of England, folio, 1662, is in the Pepysian Library. ↩

  1327. Sturtlow is near Brampton. Samuel frequently quarrelled with his brother Tom over the Sturtlow lands. ↩

  1328. The poetry of the song, “Gaze not on Swans,” is by H. Noel, and set to music by H. Lawes, in his “Ayres and Dialogues,” 1653. —⁠B. ↩

  1329. The “poor john” is a hake salted and dried. It is frequently referred to in old authors as poor fare. ↩

  1330. Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia, aunt of Charles II. See ante, May 14th, 1660. She died at Leicester House, on the north side of the present Leicester Square, to which she had removed only five days previously from Drury House, in Drury Lane, the residence of Lord Craven, to whom it has been asserted that she was married. She was sixty-five years of age. ↩

  1331. The Corporation of the Trinity House received its first charter from Henry VIII in 1514. In 1604 a select class was constituted, called elder brethren, the other members being called younger brethren. By the charter of 1609 the sole management of affairs was conferred on the elder brethren, the younger brethren having, however, a vote in the election of Master and Wardens. Among some miscellaneous manuscripts of Samuel Pepys, which were in the possession of Mr. S. J. Davey, of 47, Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury, in 1889, was a copy of this oath, in which Pepys swore to “use” himself “as becometh a younger brother for the time you shall so continue.” At the end is the following memorandum: “I tooke this oath at ye Trinity House in London (Sir Wm. Rider, Dep. Maistcr for the Earl of Sandwich), this 15th day of Feb., 1661.⁠—Samuel Pepys.” Pepys was Master of the Trinity House in 1676. ↩

  1332. A fourth-rate, of forty guns, a prize from Portugal; in 1665 it was commanded by Captain John Pearce. —⁠B. ↩

  1333. In Lent, of which the observance, intermitted for nineteen years, was now reviving. We have seen that Pepys, as yet, had not cast off all show of Puritanism.

    “In this month the Fishmongers’ Company petitioned the King that Lent might be kept, because they had provided abundance of fish for this season, and their prayer was granted.”

    Rugge

    —⁠B. ↩

  1334. Lewis Phillips of Brampton. He was uncle to John Jackson, who married Samuel Pepys’s sister Paulina. ↩

  1335. “A dreadful storm of wind happened one night in February, anno 1661⁠–⁠62, which, though general, at least, all over England, yet was remarkable at Oxford in these two respects;⁠—1. That though it forced the stones inwards into the cavity of Allhallow’s spire, yet it overthrew it not. And 2. That in the morning, when there was some abatement of its fury, it was yet so violent, that it laved water out of the river Cherwell, and cast it quite over the bridge at Magdalen College, above the surface of the water, near twenty foot high; which passage, with advantage of holding by the College wall, I had then curiosity to go to see myself, which otherwise perhaps I should have as hardly credited, as some other persons now may do.”

    Plot’s Natural History of Oxfordshire, p. 5

    —⁠B. ↩

  1336. A tragicomedy, by Sir William Davenant; taken from Measure for Measure, with the characters of Benedick and Beatrice from Much Ado About Nothing added; published in Davenant’s Works, 1673. ↩

  1337. This actress, so called from the character she played in the Siege of Rhodes, was Frances or Elizabeth Davenport, who was born March 3rd, 1642. Evelyn saw her on January 9th, 1661⁠–⁠62, she being soon after taken to be “My Lord Oxford’s Miss.” She was induced to marry Aubrey de Vere, twentieth and last Earl of Oxford, after indignantly refusing to become his mistress, and discovered, when too late, that the nuptial ceremony had been performed by the earl’s trumpeter, in the habit of a priest. For more of her history, see Mémoires de Grammont. Ashmole records the birth of the Earl of Oxford’s son by Roxalana, April 17th, 1664, which shows that the liaison continued. The child was called Aubrey Vere. —⁠Ward’s Diary, p. 131. Downes (Roscius Anglicanus, p. 20) places Mrs. Davenport first on the list of the four principal actresses who boarded in Sir William Davenant’s house. Davies and Curll supposed this actress to be Mrs. Marshall, but this was owing to a confusion between the characters Roxana and Roxalana. Mrs. Marshall was the original Roxana in Lee’s Rival Queens, produced at the Theatre Royal in 1677. The translator of Grammont’s Memoirs added to the confusion by translating Hamilton’s “Roxelane” into “Roxana.” ↩

  1338. “Sunday, Jan. 12. This morning, the Portuguese, 140 horse in Tangier, made a salley into the country for booty, whereof they had possessed about 400 cattle, 30 camels, and some horses, and 35 women and girls, and being six miles distant from Tangier, were intercepted by 100 Moors with harquebusses, who in the first charge killed the Aidill with a shot in the head, whereupon the rest of the Portuguese ran, and in the pursuit 51 were slain, whereof were 11 of the knights, besides the Aidill. The horses of the 51 were also taken by the Moors, and all the booty relieved.

    “Tuesday, Jan. 14. This morning, Mr. Mules came to me from the Governor, for the assistance of some of our men into the castle.

    “Thursday, Jan. 16. About 80 men out of my own ship, and the Princess, went into Tangier, into the lower castle, about four of the clock in the afternoon.

    “Friday, Jan. 17. In the morning, by eight o’clock, the Martyr came in from Cales (Cadiz) with provisions, and about ten a clock I sent Sir Richard Stayner, with 120 men, besides officers, to the assistance of the Governor, into Tangier.”

    Lord Sandwich’s Journal, in Kennet’s Register

    On the 23rd, Lord Sandwich put one hundred more men into Tangier; on the 29th and 30th, Lord Peterborough and his garrison arrived from England, and received possession from the Portuguese; and, on the 31st, Sir Richard Stayner and the seamen re-embarked on board Lord Sandwich’s fleet. —⁠B. ↩

  1339. Stoke Newington. ↩

  1340. The following account of this transaction is abridged from the Mercurius Publicus of the day: “Charles Lord Buckhurst, Edward Sackville, Esq., his brother; Sir Henry Belasyse, K.B., eldest son of Lord Belasyse; John Belasyse, brother to Lord Faulconberg; and Thomas Wentworth, Esq., only son of Sir G. Wentworth, whilst in pursuit of thieves near Waltham Cross, mortally wounded an innocent tanner named Hoppy, whom they had endeavoured to secure, suspecting him to have been one of the robbers; and as they took away the money found on his person, under the idea that it was stolen property, they were soon after apprehended on the charges of robbery and murder; but the Grand Jury found a bill for manslaughter only.” By a subsequent allusion in the Diary to their trial, it seems probable that a verdict of acquittal was pronounced. ↩

  1341. Charles Sackville, Lord Buckhurst, eldest son of Richard, fifth Earl of Dorset, was born January 24th, 1638. He was a volunteer with the fleet in 1665, when he wrote his famous song beginning

    “To all ye ladies now at land
    We men at sea indite.”

    In 1674, by the death of his uncle, Lionel Cranfield, Earl of Middlesex, he came into possession of a considerable property, and in the following year was created Earl of Middlesex. In 1677 he succeeded his father as sixth Earl of Dorset. He was a favourite companion of Charles II and of William III, and a patron of literary men. He died January 29th, 1707. ↩

  1342. Afterwards Sir Martin Beckman, many of whose plans are in the British Museum. He became chief engineer, and was knighted March 20th, 1685. The map of Tangier here mentioned is in the collection of George III at the British Museum. —⁠B. ↩

  1343. Genest gives the cast, on the authority of Downes, as follows (English Stage, vol. i, p. 42): Romeo⁠—Harris, Mercutio⁠—Betterton, Juliet⁠—Mrs. Saunderson. The Hon. James Howard turned Shakespeare’s tragedy into a tragicomedy, and apparently introduced a new character, Count Paris’s wife, which was taken by Mrs. Holden. But this apparently was produced at a later date, when, according to Downes, Shakespeare’s original and Howard’s travesty were acted alternately. ↩

  1344. Lord Braybrooke wrote, “This reminds me of a story of my father’s, when he was of Merton College, and heard Bowen the porter wish that he had £100 a-year, to enable him to keep a couple of hunters and a pack of foxhounds.” ↩

  1345. Although fumage or smoke money was as old as the Conquest, the first parliamentary levy of hearth or chimney money was by statute 13 and 14 Car. II, c. 10, which gave the king an hereditary revenue of two shillings annually upon every hearth in all houses paying church or poor rate. This act was repealed by statute I William and Mary, c. 10, it being declared in the preamble as “not only a great oppression to the poorer sort, but a badge of slavery upon the whole people, exposing every man’s house to be entered into and searched at pleasure by persons unknown to him.” ↩

  1346. Moorfields were first drained in 1527, and walks were laid out in 1606. In the following year Richard Johnson wrote The Pleasant Walks of Moore Fields. ↩

  1347. In Cornhill, where Pope’s Head Alley still exists. See June 20th, 1662. There was a Pope’s Head tavern in Chancery Lane, see March 22nd, 1659⁠–⁠60. ↩

  1348. Dr. Robert Creighton (born at Dunkeld in 1593), educated at Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1625 he was made Professor of Greek, and in 1627 succeeded his friend George Herbert as Public Orator, holding both offices until 1639. When Pepys heard him, Creighton was Dean of Wells. In 1670 he was consecrated Bishop of Bath and Wells. He died November 21st, 1672. His son, of the same name, was elected Greek Professor of Cambridge in 1662, and died at Wells, February 17th, 1733⁠–⁠4. The father and son have been sometimes confounded. ↩

  1349. She is called in the State Poems “the Monkey Duchess.” The duke was Master of the Horse to the king. —⁠B. ↩

  1350. Afterwards Duke of Montagu. See ante, note 1302. ↩

  1351. Sir Thomas Allen, Bart., Lord Mayor, 1660. ↩

  1352. Hume states that Downing was in early life chaplain in Okey’s regiment, and Pepys’s reference to ingratitude would seem to allude to this. (See note 55.) ↩

  1353. [“And hail the treason though we hate the traitor.”] On the 21st Charles returned his formal thanks to the States for their assistance in the matter. —⁠B. ↩

  1354. John Okey, Miles Corbet, and John Barkstead, three of the regicides executed April 19th following. —⁠B. ↩

  1355. The President Hénault mentions a similar speech made by Lockhart, in France.

    “Un Ecossois, nommé Lockart, ambassadeur d’Angleterre en France, sous Cromwell, dont il avait epousé la nièce, et qui le fut aussi depuis, sous Charles II, disoi qu’il n’étoit pas considéré en France, en qualité d’ambassadeur du roi, comme il l’avoit été du tems de Cromwell; cela devoit être parcequ’il y avoit bien de la différence entre celui qui obligea la France à prendre Dunkerque pour la lui remettre, et celui qui revendit cette place à la France quand il fut remonté sur le trône.”

    Hénault’s pithy remark expresses the truth. Nothing shows the degradation of Charles in a more striking light than this coincidence of opinion in two ambassadors. The first edition of Hénault does not contain this passage. —⁠B. ↩

  1356. Charles, when residing at Brussels, went to the Hague at night to pay a secret visit to his sister, the Princess of Orange. After his arrival, “an old reverend-like man, with a long grey beard and ordinary grey clothes,” entered the inn and begged for a private interview. He then fell on his knees, and pulling off his disguise, discovered himself to be Mr. Downing, then ambassador from Cromwell to the States-General. He informed Charles that the Dutch had guaranteed to the English Commonwealth to deliver him into their hands should he ever set foot in their territory. This warning probably saved Charles’s liberty. —⁠M. B. ↩

  1357. This is the secret of Cornelius van Drebbel (1572⁠–⁠1634), which is referred to again by Pepys on November 11th, 1663. Johannes Siberius Kuffler was originally a dyer at Leyden, who married Drebbel’s daughter. In the Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1661⁠–⁠62 (p. 327), is the following entry: “Request of Johannes Siberius Kuffler and Jacob Drebble for a trial of their father Cornelius Drebble’s secret of sinking or destroying ships in a moment; and if it succeed, for a reward of £10,000. The secret was left them by will, to preserve for the English crown before any other state.” Cornelius van Drebbel settled in London, where he died. James I took some interest in him, and is said to have interfered when he was in prison in Austria and in danger of execution. ↩

  1358. Waterfowl appear to have been kept in St. James’s Park from the reign of Queen Elizabeth, but the ponds were replenished after the Restoration. ↩

  1359. A “pink” was a form of vessel now obsolete, and had a very narrow stern. The Blackmoor was a sixth-rate of twelve guns, built at Chatham by Captain Tayler in 1656 (Archæologia, xlviii 174). ↩

  1360. See ante, note 160. ↩

  1361. It passed the House of Lords on April 9th. ↩

  1362. He was one of the commissioners sent to Breda to desire Charles II to return to England immediately, when he was knighted. He was afterwards created a baronet. ↩

  1363. One of these letters was probably from John Creed. Mr. S. J. Davey, of 47, Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury, in 1889 had in his possession nine long letters from Creed to Pepys. In the first of these, dated from Lisbon, March, 1662, Creed wrote: “My Lord Embassador doth all he can to hasten the Queen’s Majestie’s embarquement, there being reasons enough against suffering any unnecessary delay.” There appear to have been considerable delays in the arrangements for the following declaration of Charles II was dated June 22nd, 1661: “Charles R. Whereas his Maj. is resolved to declare, under his Royal hand and seale, the most illustrious Lady Infanta of Portugal to be his lawful wife, before the Treaty shall be signed by the King of Portugal; which is to be done only for the better expediting the marriage, without sending to Rome for a dispensation, which the laws of Portugal would require if the said most Illustrious Infanta were to be betrothed in that Kingdome,” etc. ↩

  1364. The following quotation in illustration of this passage is suggested in the Athenæum:⁠—“Master Field, the player, riding up Fleet Street a great pace, a gentleman called him and asked him what play was played that day? He (being angry to be stayed upon so frivolous a demand) answered that he might see what play was to be played upon every post. I cry you mercy (said the gentleman), I took you for a post you rode so fast.” —⁠Taylor the Water-Poet ↩

  1365. The Bear at the Bridge Foot on the west side of High Street, Southwark. ↩

  1366. The New Exchange in the Strand, See ante, note 608 and note 700. ↩

  1367. John Graunt, born in Birchin Lane, London, April 24th, 1620, bound apprentice to a haberdasher. He obtained for his friend Petty the professorship of music at Gresham College. He was captain of train-bands for several years. He was bred a Puritan, but turned Socinian, and lastly became a Roman Catholic. F.R.S., February, 1661⁠–⁠62. He was recommended by the king, and Dr. Sprat writes, in his History of the Royal Society:⁠—

    “In whose election it was so farr from being a prejudice that he was a shopkeeper of London, that his Majesty gave this particular charge to his Society, that if they found any more such tradesmen, they should be sure to admit them all, without any more ado.”

    He published his Natural and Political Observations Upon the Bills of Mortality in 1662, and this book, which laid the foundation of the science of statistics, went through several editions during his lifetime. Afterwards it was edited and improved by Sir William Petty, who sometimes spoke of it as his own, which gave rise to Burnet’s erroneous statement that he “published his Observations on the Bills of Mortality in the name of one Grant, a Papist.” Graunt died at his house in Birchin Lane, April 18th, 1674. ↩

  1368. Joyce Norton. See note 88. ↩

  1369. Tansy (tanacetum), a herb from which puddings were made. Hence any pudding of the kind. Selden (Table Talk) says: “Our tansies at Easter have reference to the bitter herbs.” See in Wordsworth’s University Life in the Eighteenth Century recipes for “an apple tansey,” “a bean tansey,” and “a gooseberry tansey.” —⁠M. B. ↩

  1370. The Guernsey (previously the Basing) was a fifth-rate of twenty-two guns, built at Walderwick in 1654 by Jonas Shish (Archæologia, xlviii 174). The name of the place should probably be Walberswick, on the Suffolk coast. ↩

  1371. This does not accord with the certificate which Dr. Milles wrote in 1681, where he says that Pepys was a constant communicant. ↩

  1372. Pepys had seen Fletcher’s play, The Nightwalker, or the Little Thief, at the Whitefriars Theatre, on April 2nd, 1661. ↩

  1373. The Spital sermons were originally preached in Spital Square, but they are now given at Christ Church, Newgate Street, on Easter Monday and Tuesday. ↩

  1374. Mary Saunderson, who married Thomas Betterton, December, 1662, one of Sir William Davenant’s company, who acted Ianthe in the Siege of Rhodes, at Lincoln’s Inn Fields. She retired from the stage about 1675, died April, 1712, and was buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey on the 13th. The Roxalana here alluded to was Mrs. Davenport. ↩

  1375. 2 Timothy 3:5. ↩

  1376. On the 5th of June following, Louis, notwithstanding the scarcity, gave that splendid carousal in the court before the Tuileries, from which the place has ever since taken its name. —⁠B. ↩

  1377. Richard Talbot, who figures conspicuously in the Grammont Memoirs, son of Sir William Talbot. He married, first, Catherine Boynton, “the languishing Boynton” of Grammont, and secondly, Frances Jennings, eldest sister of Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough. Talbot was created Earl of Tyrconnel in 1685, and made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and elevated to the dukedom of Tyrconnel in 1689 by James II after his abdication. He died at Limerick, August 5th, 1691. ↩

  1378. Thomas Windsor, Baron Windsor, Lord Lieutenant of Worcestershire, 1660; advanced to the earldom of Plymouth, 1682. Died November 3rd, 1689. ↩

  1379. This was the learned Robert South, then public orator at Oxford, and afterwards D.D. and prebendary of Westminster, and canon of Christchurch. The story, as copied from a contemporary tract, called Annus Mirabilis Secundus, is given with full details in Wood’s Athenæ and Kennett’s Register. It is by no means devoid of interest; but, having been so often printed, need not be here repeated. We may observe, however, that South had experienced a similar qualm whilst preaching at Oxford a few months before; but these seizures produced no bad consequences, as he lived to be eighty-three. —⁠B. ↩

  1380. Mary, daughter of George Villiers, first Duke of Buckingham, wife of James, fourth Duke of Lennox and third Duke of Richmond, who left her a widow secondly in 1655. She had previously married Charles, Lord Herbert; and she took for her third husband, Thomas Howard, brother of the Earl of Carlisle, who fought the duel with Jermyn, referred to on August 19th, 1662. She died November, 1685. ↩

  1381. Guildford. ↩

  1382. Joking on Dr. Clerke’s surname and Pepys’s office of Clerk of the Acts. ↩

  1383. James, Duke of Ormonde, as Lord High Steward. ↩

  1384. Edward, Earl of Manchester, as Lord Chamberlain. ↩

  1385. John Tippets, appointed master-shipwright in Portsmouth Dockyard, and afterwards knighted; Commissioner of the Navy (1667⁠–⁠72), and Surveyor of the Navy (1672⁠–⁠85, 1688⁠–⁠92). ↩

  1386. Sir George Carteret was elected Member of Parliament for Portsmouth, April 23rd, 1661. ↩

  1387. Titchfield House, erected by Sir Thomas Wriothesley on the site of a Premonstratensian abbey granted to him with the estates, 29th Henry VIII. Upon the death of his descendant, Thomas, Earl of Southampton, and Lord Treasurer, without issue male, the house and manor were allotted to his eldest daughter Elizabeth, wife of Edmund, first Earl of Gainsborough; and their only son dying s.p.m., the property devolved to his sister Elizabeth, married to Henry, Duke of Portland, whose grandson, the third duke, alienated it to Mr. Delme. The duke’s second title is taken from this place. —⁠B. ↩

  1388. Gough says,

    “It is the custom at this day all over Wales to strew the graves, both within and without the church, with green herbs, branches of box, flowers, rushes, and flags, for one year, after which such as can afford it lay down a stone.”

    Brand’s Popular Antiquities, edited W. C. Hazlitt, vol. ii, p. 218

    ↩

  1389. A preparation of the roe of sturgeons and other fish salted. It forms a lucrative branch of commerce in Italy and Russia. ↩

  1390. Sir Bevis of Hampton. ↩

  1391. James, Duke of Ormonde. ↩

  1392. The Earl of Manchester. ↩

  1393. Principal officers of the navy, of which body Pepys was one as Clerk of the Acts. ↩

  1394. A saltcellar answering this description is preserved at the Tower. ↩

  1395. The Royal Society. ↩

  1396. William, second Lord Viscount Brouncker of Castlelyons, born about 1620, was the first president of the Royal Society, and a respectable mathematician. Extra Commissioner of the Navy, 1664⁠–⁠66; Comptroller of the Treasurers Accounts, 1660⁠–⁠79; Master of St. Katharine’s Hospital in 1681. Died April 5th, 1684, ↩

  1397. John Owen, D.D., a learned Nonconformist divine, and a voluminous theological writer, born 1616, made Dean of Christ Church in 1653 by the Parliament, and ejected in 1659⁠–⁠60. He died at Ealing in 1683. ↩

  1398. William Penn, the celebrated Quaker. ↩

  1399. Theobald, second Viscount Taafe, created Earl of Carlingford, co. Louth, 1661⁠–⁠62. ↩

  1400. Mary, afterwards Queen of England. ↩

  1401. According to the original Statutes of Corpus Christi Coll. Oxon, a Scholar slept in a truckle bed below each Fellow. Called also “a trindle bed.” Compare Hall’s description of an obsequious tutor:

    “He lieth in a truckle bed
    While his young master lieth o’er his head.”

    Satires, ii 6, 5

    The bed was drawn in the daytime under the high bed of the tutor. See Wordsworth’s University Life in the Eighteenth Century. —⁠M. B. ↩

  1402. Watkins was a clerk of the Privy Seal, see post, May 9th. ↩

  1403. The Tower Menagerie was not abolished until the reign of William IV. ↩

  1404. Miniature by Savill, which cost £3, see post, June 11th. ↩

  1405. Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Philip Carteret, of St. Ouen, Jersey, married to her cousin, Sir George Carteret, Bart. ↩

  1406. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher which was written in 1611, and first published in 1613. ↩

  1407. For further particulars respecting Sir J. Lawson’s fight with the Turks, see post, June 27th. ↩

  1408. Penn accompanied the Duke of Ormonde to Ireland in July, 1662, and he took the opportunity of visiting his estates in Cork and his government of Kinsale. ↩

  1409. Mr. Watkins is mentioned as a clerk of the Privy Seal on July 11th and 24th, 1660. ↩

  1410. This appears to have been a predecessor of Powell’s more famous puppet-show. An Italian puppet-show was exhibited at Charing Cross in 1666 and 1667. ↩

  1411. The mourning was for the king’s aunt, the Queen of Bohemia. ↩

  1412. Richard Marriott was Housekeeper of Hampton Court Palace. He died 1664, and was succeeded by James Marriott (see note 2592). ↩

  1413. Thomas Pepys’s shop was in Bride Lane. ↩

  1414. The Earl of Sandwich’s letter to Lord Chancellor Clarendon (dated May 15th, 1662) contains an account of the Queen’s safe landing. He writes,

    “The Queen as soone as she came to her lodgings received my Lady Suffolk and ye Ladyes very kindly, and appointed them this morninge to come and putt her in that habit they thought would be most pleasing to ye Kinge; and I doubt not, but when they have done there parts she will appeare wth much more advantage and very well to ye Kinges contentment.”

    Lister’s Life of Clarendon, iii 193

    Rugge, in his Diurnal, tells us that the queen attired herself in the English fashion soon after she landed. ↩

  1415. Nathaniel Crew, born 1633, fifth son of John, first Lord Crew; he himself became third Lord Crew in 1697. Sub-Rector of Lincoln College, Oxford, 1659. Took orders in 1664, and was Rector of Lincoln College in 1668; Dean of Chichester, 1669; Bishop of Oxford, 1671; Bishop of Durham, 1674; sworn of the Privy Council in 1676. He was very subservient to James II, and at the Revolution was excepted from the general pardon of May, 1690, but he was allowed to keep possession of the bishopric of Durham. ↩

  1416. Mr. Knightly is referred to once or twice subsequently in the Diary, and described as a neighbour. ↩

  1417. John Racket, elected bishop of that see, December 6th, 1661. He died October 28th, 1670, in the seventy-ninth year of his age. ↩

  1418. Henry Cooke, Master of the Children of the Chapel Royal. See note 643. ↩

  1419. To ears accustomed to the official words of speeches from the throne at the present day, the familiar tone of the following extracts from Charles’s speech to the Commons, on the 1st of March; will be amusing:

    “I will conclude with putting you in mind of the season of the year, and the convenience of your being in the country, in many respects, for the good and welfare of it; for you will find much tares have been sowed there in your absence. The arrival of my wife, who I expect some time this month, and the necessity of my own being out of town to meet her, and to stay some time before she comes hither, makes it very necessary that the Parliament be adjourned before Easter, to meet again in the winter.⁠ ⁠… The mention of my wife’s arrival puts me in mind to desire you to put that compliment upon her, that her entrance into the town may be with more decency than the ways will now suffer it to be; and, to that purpose, I pray you would quickly pass such laws as are before you, in order to the amending those ways, and that she may not find Whitehall surrounded with water.”

    Such a bill passed the Commons on the 24th June. From Charles’s Speech, March 1st, 1662. —⁠B. ↩

  1420. For note on Mrs. Davenport, who was deceived by a pretended marriage with the Earl of Oxford, see ante. Lord Oxford’s first wife died in 1659. He married, in 1672, his second wife, Diana Kirke, of whom nothing more need be said than that she bore an inappropriate Christian name. ↩

  1421. The Halfway House, Rotherhithe, was a place of entertainment frequently visited by Pepys on his way to Deptford, towards which it was a halfway house. ↩

  1422. Lord Sandwich’s housekeeper. ↩

  1423. Charles Fitzroy, Lady Castlemaine’s son by the King, was born in June, 1662; created Duke of Southampton, 1675; succeeded his mother as Duke of Cleveland in 1709, and died September 9th, 1730. ↩

  1424. A droll formed out of the Duke of Newcastle’s play of The Variety, and printed in the Wits, or Sport Upon Sport, 1672; acted by Killigrew’s company, March 11th, 1661⁠–⁠62. See Sir Henry Herbert’s Register of Plays Performed at the Restoration, in Malone’s Shakespeare, by Boswell, vol. iii, p. 275. It is no wonder that Lacy performed his part so well, as he had been brought up as a dancing master. He afterwards procured a lieutenant’s commission in the army, which he soon quitted for the stage, and was the author of four plays. Died 1681, and was buried in the churchyard of St. Martin-in-the-Fields. ↩

  1425. The second title of Shirley’s play of The Changes. Thumpe, Sir Gervase’s man, was one of Lacy’s most celebrated parts.

    “For his just acting all gave him due praise,
    His part in The Cheats, Jony Thumpe, Teg, and Bayes.
    In these four excelling; the Court gave him the Bays.”

    ↩

  1426. The articles of peace between Charles II and the city and kingdom of Algiers, concluded August 30th, 1664, by Admiral Thomas Allen, according to instructions from the Duke of York, being the same articles concluded by Sir John Lawson, April 23rd, 1662, and confirmed November 10th following, are reprinted in Somers’ Tracts ed. 1812, vol. vii, p. 554. —⁠B. ↩

  1427. Charles wrote of the Queen to Clarendon on May 21st:

    “If I have any skill in physiognomy, which I think I have, she must be as good a woman as ever was born. Her conversation, as much as I can perceive, is very good, for she has wit enough, and a most agreeable voice. You would wonder to see how well we are acquainted already. In a word, I think myself very happy, for I am confident our two humours will agree very well together.”

    Lister’s Life of Clarendon, ii 144

    ↩

  1428. “I came to the Wardrobe in London to my family, where I met a letter from Captain Teddiman to Mr. Samuel Pepys, showing the news of Sir John Lawson’s having made peace with Algiers, they agreeing not to search our ships.”

    —⁠Lord Sandwich’s Journal, May 23rd

    ↩

  1429. A comedy, by Henry Glapthorne, printed 1640. ↩

  1430. The dulcimer (or psaltery) consisted of a flat box, acting as a resonating chamber, over which strings of wire were stretched. These were struck by little hammers. ↩

  1431. Shaving with pumice stone. See also on the 31st of this month. ↩

  1432. Farthingales had gone out of fashion in England during the reign of Charles I, and therefore their use by the Portuguese ladies astonished the English. Evelyn also remarks in his Diary on this ugly custom (May 30th, 1662). ↩

  1433. The Red Bull Playhouse in Clerkenwell. See note 631. ↩

  1434. Christopher Marlowe’s tragedy, with additional scenes. Printed in 1663. ↩

  1435. Backwell carried on business as a goldsmith at the “Unicorn” in Lombard Street. ↩

  1436. Foxhall, Faukeshall, or Vauxhall, a manor in Surrey, properly Fulke’s. Hall, and so called from Fulke de Breaute, the notorious mercenary follower of King John. The manor house was afterwards known as Copped or Copt Hall. Sir Samuel Morland obtained a lease of the place, and King Charles made him Master of Mechanics, and here “he (Morland), anno 1667, built a fine room,” says Aubrey, “the inside all of looking-glass and fountains, very pleasant to behold.” The gardens were formed about 1661, and originally called the “New Spring Gardens,” to distinguish them from the “Old Spring Gardens” at Charing Cross, but according to the present description by Pepys there was both an Old and a New Spring Garden at Vauxhall. Balthazar Monconys, who visited England early in the reign of Charles II, describes the “Jardins Printemps” at Lambeth as having lawns and gravel walks, dividing squares of twenty or thirty yards enclosed with hedges of gooseberry trees, within which were planted roses. ↩

  1437. Salt beef. ↩

  1438. The Royal James, formerly the Richard; not the same ship as the James, another second-rate. ↩

  1439. A very singular book by Dr. Thomas Bayly⁠—Herba Parietis; or, the Wallflower, as it grew out of the Stone Chamber belonging to Newgate. London, 1650, folio. —⁠B. ↩

  1440. Peace with Algiers. See ante, May 22nd. ↩

  1441. “An Act for the Uniformity of public prayers and administration of sacraments and other rites and ceremonies, and for establishing the form of making, ordaining, and consecrating bishops, priests, and deacons in the Church of England.”

    13 and 14 Car. II, cap. 4

    ↩

  1442. Cruzado, a Portuguese coin of 480 reis. It is named from a cross which it bears on one side, the arms of Portugal being on the other. It varied in value at different periods from 2s. 3d. to 4s.

    “Believe me, I had rather lost my purse
    Full of cruzados.”

    Shakespeare, Othello, act iii, sc. 4

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  1443. Sir Peter Ball was the Queen’s Attorney-General, and Evelyn mentions, in his Diary (January 11th, 1661⁠–⁠62), having received from him the draft of an act against the nuisance of the smoke of London. ↩

  1444. There is a beautiful copy of The Workes of King Charles the Martyr, and Collections of Declarations, Treaties, etc. (2 vols. folio, 1662), in the Pepysian Library, with a very interesting note in the first volume by Pepys (dated October 7th, 1700), to the effect that he had collated it with a copy in Lambeth Library, presented by Dr. Zachary Cradock, Provost of Eton. “This book being seized on board an English ship was delivered, by order of the Inquisition of Lisbon, to some of the English Priests to be perused and corrected according to the Rules of the Index Expurgatorius. Thus corrected it was given to Barnaby Crafford, English merchant there, and by him it was given to me, the English preacher resident there A.D. 1670, and by me as I then received it to the Library at Lambeth to be there preserved. Nov. 2, 1678. Ita testor, Zach. Cradock.⁠—From which (through the favour of the most Reverend Father in God and my most honoured Friend his Grace the present Archbishop of Canterbury) I have this 7th of October, 1700, had an opportunity given me there (assisted by my clerk, Thomas Henderson), leisurely to overlook, and with my uttermost attention to note the said Expurgations through each part of this my own Book.” Whole sentences in the book are struck through, as well as such words as Martyr, Defender of the Faith, More than Conqueror, etc. ↩

  1445. That is, by the old style. The new style was not introduced until 1752; see note 47 and note 762. ↩

  1446. Mr. Fisher, described on the 15th of this month as an old cavalier and a good-humoured man. ↩

  1447. Sir Harry Vane the younger was born 1612. Charles signed on June 12th a warrant for the execution of Vane by hanging at Tyburn on the 14th, which sentence on the following day “upon humble suit made” to him, Charles was “graciously pleased to mitigate,” as the warrant terms it, for the less ignominious punishment of beheading on Tower Hill, and with permission that the head and body should be given to the relations to be by them decently and privately interred.

    Lister’s Life of Clarendon, ii, 123

    ↩

  1448. It has been supposed that this was Sir William Boreman, clerk to the Board of Green Cloth, but this is unlikely, as there evidently was another Boreman frequently mentioned in the Diary. ↩

  1449. Peter Lely, the celebrated painter, afterwards knighted. He moved to the Piazza, Covent Garden, in this year, and remained there till his death in 1680. The portrait of the Duchess of York is now at Hampton Court. ↩

  1450. Michael Wright, a native of Scotland, and portrait-painter of some note, settled in London at an early age. He died about 1700 at his house in James Street, Covent Garden. ↩

  1451. Duarte de Silva is mentioned in the Earl of Sandwich’s letter to Lord Chancellor Clarendon (dated May 15th, 1662) as “the man that is to make all good.” Clarendon called him “Diego Silvas, a Jew of great wealth and full credit at Amsterdam” (see Lister’s Life of Clarendon, iii 193). ↩

  1452. Secretary and chancellor to the Queen Dowager. —⁠B. ↩

  1453. Lee Bayly is a hamlet in the parish of Newland, Gloucestershire. ↩

  1454. In 1662 was passed “An Act for providing of carriage by land and by water for the use of His Majesty’s Navy and Ordinance” (13⁠–⁠14 Gar. II, cap. 20), which gave power for impressing seamen, etc. ↩

  1455. Thomas Nicholson, A.M., 1672. —⁠B. ↩

  1456. The Duke of York’s name appears in the articles of peace, but not Lord Sandwich’s, see Somers Tracts, vol. vii, p. 555. ↩

  1457. Penn was Governor of Kinsale. —⁠B. ↩

  1458. Mentioned elsewhere as “My cousin in Ireland.” He was son of Lord Chief Justice Richard Pepys. ↩

  1459. Anne, daughter of Sir John Harrison, of Balls, Herts, born in Hart Street, St. Olave’s, March 25th, 1625; married Richard Fanshawe, May 18th, 1644. Her memoirs of her husband, Sir Richard Fanshawe, were first printed in 1829. She died January 30th, 1679⁠–⁠80. ↩

  1460. The Royal James (previously The Richard) was a second-rate of seventy guns, built at Woolwich, by Christopher Pett, in 1658. There was another second-rate of sixty guns named The James, which was built at Deptford, by Peter Pett, in 1633 (see List of the Royal Navy in 1660, Archæologia, vol. xlviii, p. 167). ↩

  1461. Daniell O’Neille (as he himself signed his name), son of Con. O’Niel and nephew of the celebrated Irish leader General Owen O’Niel, was a wealthy man of good family, who was active during the Civil War in support of Charles I. He was concerned in 1641 with Digby, Wilmot, Goring, and Ashburnham, in the “Army Plot,” the object of which was to support the king, uphold the church, and overawe the parliament. He was placed in the Tower, but managed to escape in woman’s clothes, and a few months later he was Lieutenant-Colonel of Horse under Rupert. At Marston he led Prince Rupert’s regiment of foot, and in 1658 he accompanied the Marquis of Ormonde in disguise to London, and remained there some time, holding meetings with the Royalists, and sounding them as to the prospect of a successful rising against Cromwell (see The Pythouse Papers, ed. W. A. Day, 1879, pp. lv-lvii, 25). A full description is given in O’Neille’s monumental inscription, in Boughton-Malherbe Church, Kent:

    “Here lies the Body of Mr. Daniel O’Neale, who descended from that great, honourable and ancient family of the O’Neales, in Ireland, to whom he added new lustre by his own merit, being rewarded for his courage and loyalty in the civil wars, under King Charles the First and Charles the Second, wth the offices of Postmaster General of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Master of the Powder, and Groome of His Majtyes Bedchamber. He was married to the right honourable Katherine Countess of Chesterfield, who erected him this monument, as one of the last markes of her kindness, to show her affection longer than her weak breath would serve to express it. He died A.D. 1663, aged 60.”

    This date must be incorrect, as Pepys records O’Neille’s death on October 24th, 1664, and is corroborated in his statement by a letter from Ed. Savage to Dr. Sancroft (Harl. MS. 3785, fol. 19). The monument is not now in the church, and it is therefore impossible to verify the inscription (see vol. iv, p. 273). ↩

  1462. Pepys mentions, on March 4th, 1663⁠–⁠4, “a new-fashion gun to shoot often, one after another,” but he does not mention Sir William Compton’s name in connection with it. ↩

  1463. Pepys gives some particulars about the Chest on November 13th, 1662.

    “The Chest at Chatham was originally planned by Sir Francis Drake and Sir John Hawkins in 1588, after the defeat of the Armada; the seamen voluntarily agreed to have ‘defalked’ out of their wages certain sums to form a fund for relief. The property became considerable, as well as the abuses, and in 1802 the Chest was removed to Greenwich. In 1817, the stock amounted to £300,000 Consols.”

    Hist. of Rochester, p. 346

    —⁠B. ↩

  1464. The umbles are the liver, kidneys, and other portions of the inside of the deer. They were usually made into pies, and old cookery books contain directions for the making of “umble pies.” ↩

  1465. Lady Sandwich. ↩

  1466. The officers had been allowed to raise their houses. —⁠B. ↩

  1467. See note 1071. ↩

  1468. Lady Castlemaine repaired to Richmond Palace, the residence of her uncle, Colonel Edward Villiers (see Steinman’s Memoir of Barbara, Duchess of Cleveland, 1871, p. 34). ↩

  1469. This was a MS. of ninety folio pages, entitled, A Brief Discourse of the Navy, and appears afterwards to have been in the possession of Sir William Penn. At the end is written, “Composed by Mr. John Holland 29º 7bris 1638.” Attached to the MS. is a note in the handwriting of William Penn the Quaker, of the date 1675⁠–⁠6, giving direction to a transcriber to make a copy of it for himself, but adding this prohibition, “I will part with no copy.” The transcript is now in the British Museum (Sloane MSS., No. 3232), and forms part of “Sir William Penn’s Naval Tracts,” but the author’s name at the end is omitted. —⁠Penn’s Memorials of Sir William Penn ii 530 ↩

  1470. The boy was born in June at Lady Castlemaine’s house in King Street. By the direction of Lord Castlemaine, who had become a Roman Catholic, the child was baptized by a priest, and this led to a final separation between husband and wife. Some days afterwards the child was again baptized by the rector of St. Margaret’s, Westminster, in presence of the godparents, the King, Aubrey De Vere, Earl of Oxford, and Barbara, Countess of Suffolk, first Lady of the Bedchamber to the Queen and Lady Castlemaine’s aunt. The entry in the register of St. Margaret’s is as follows: “1662 June 18 Charles Palmer Ld Limbricke, s. to ye right honorble Roger Earl of Castlemaine by Barbara” (Steinman’s Memoir of Barbara, Duchess of Cleveland, 1871, p. 33). The child was afterwards called Charles Fitzroy, and was created Duke of Southampton in 1674. He succeeded his mother in the dukedom of Cleveland in 1709, and died 1730. ↩

  1471. There was no Duchess of Suffolk at this time. The lady referred to was Barbara, eldest daughter of Sir Edward Villiers, widow of Richard Wenman, eldest son of Philip, third Viscount Wenman, an Irish peer, and second wife of James Howard, third Earl of Suffolk. ↩

  1472. “By the King’s command Lord Clarendon, much against his inclination, had twice visited his royal mistress with a view of inducing her, by persuasions which he could not justify, to give way to the King’s determination to have Lady Castlemaine of her household.⁠ ⁠… Lord Clarendon has given a full account of all that transpired between himself, the King and the Queen, on this very unpleasant business (Continuation of Life of Clarendon, 1759, ff. 168⁠–⁠178).”

    Steinman’s Memoir of Duchess of Cleveland, p. 35

    “The day at length arrived when Lady Castlemaine was to be formally admitted a Lady of the Bedchamber. The royal warrant, addressed to the Lord Chamberlain, bears date June 1, 1663, and includes with that of her ladyship, the names of the Duchess of Buckingham, the Countesses of Chesterfield and Bath, and the Countess Mareshall. A separate warrant of the same day directs his lordship to admit the Countess of Suffolk as Groom of the Stole and first Lady of the Bedchamber, to which undividable offices she had, with the additional ones of Mistress of the Robes and Keeper of the Privy Purse, been nominated by a warrant dated April 2, 1662, wherein the reception of her oath is expressly deferred until the Queen’s household shall be established. We here are furnished with the evidence that Charles would not sign the warrants for the five until Catherine had withdrawn her objection to his favourite one.”

    Addenda to Steinman’s Memoir of Duchess of Cleveland (privately printed), 1874, p. 1

    ↩

  1473. The old Tennis Court at Whitehall, built by Henry VIII, was converted by Charles II into lodgings for the Duke of Monmouth, and this garden was turned into the new Tennis Court, which was finished about the end of 1663. Captain Cooke, as Master of the Tennis Court, had apartments close by. (See Julian Marshall’s Annals of Tennis, 1878, pp. 86⁠–⁠88.) ↩

  1474. Mrs. Pepys’s father was Alexander Marchant, Sieur de St. Michel, a scion of a good family in Anjou. Having turned Huguenot at the age of twenty-one, his father disinherited him, and he was left penniless. He came over in the retinue of Henrietta Maria, on her marriage with Charles I, as one of her Majesty’s gentlemen carvers, but the Queen dismissed him on finding out he was a Protestant and did not go to mass. He described himself as being captain and major of English troops in Italy and Flanders.

    Wheatley’s Pepys and the World He Lived In, pp. 6, 250

    He was full of schemes; see September 22nd, 1663, for account of his patent for curing smoky chimneys. ↩

  1475. There is a token of Angus Brian at the George, Holborn Bridge. Boyne’s Tokens ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 630. ↩

  1476. Buckden, a village in Huntingdonshire, four miles southwest of Huntingdon. ↩

  1477. William Crofts, created Baron Crofts, of Saxham, in Suffolk, 1658, and died s. p. 1677. Governor to the King’s son (afterwards the Duke of Monmouth), who bore his name before he took that of Scott from his wife. ↩

  1478. Giles Rawlings occurs in an old household book of James, Duke of York at Audley End, as Gentleman of the Privy Purse to his Royal Highness, with a salary of £400 per annum. See August 19th, post. —⁠B. ↩

  1479. The game of shovelboard was played by two players (each provided with five coins) on a smooth heavy table. On the table were marked with chalk a series of lines, and the play was to strike the coin on the edge of the table with the hand so that it rested between these lines. Shakespeare uses the expression “shove-groat shilling,” as does Ben Jonson. These shillings were usually smooth and worn for the convenience of playing. Strutt says (Sports and Pastimes), “I have seen a shovelboard table at a low public house in Benjamin Street, near Clerkenwell Green, which is about three feet in breadth and thirty-nine feet two inches in length, and said to be the longest at this time in London.” ↩

  1480. A village near Epsom. ↩

  1481. The Foresight was a fourth-rate of forty guns; it was built at Deptford, by Shish, in 1650. ↩

  1482. Barrow was store keeper at Chatham. ↩

  1483. The Sovereign was a first-rate of one hundred guns, built at Woolwich, by Captain Phineas Pett, sen., in 1637. ↩

  1484. Upnor Castle, Kent, was erected by Queen Elizabeth to defend the passage of the Medway. In 1677 the Dutch were prevented from going up the river by this fort. ↩

  1485. William Barker, who married Martha, daughter of William Turner, and widow of Daniel Williams. His son William was created a baronet in 1676. ↩

  1486. Hugh Cholmeley, afterwards the third baronet of that name; he was the second son of Sir Hugh Cholmeley, of Whitby (governor of Scarborough for Charles I), whose autobiography has been printed. This Hugh succeeded his nephew of the same name, who died a minor in June, 1665, after which date Pepys speaks of him by his title. In February, 1666, he married Lady Anne Compton, eldest daughter of Spencer, Earl of Northampton. He was afterwards, for some years, governor of Tangier, of which he published an account. He died January 9th, 1688. He was descended from a younger branch of that great family of Egertons and Cholmondeleys. —⁠B. ↩

  1487. Sir Daniel Harvey, M.P. for Surrey 1661, ambassador to Turkey 1668, who married Elizabeth Montagu. ↩

  1488. John Bland published in 1660 a quarto pamphlet of fifty-seven pages, entitled, Trade Revived, or a Way Proposed to Restore the Trade of This Our English Nation in Its Manufactories, Coin, Shiping, and Revenue. London, 1660, a copy of which is in the British Museum Library. ↩

  1489. Sir John Millicent, Bart., of Barham, in Cambridgeshire. ↩

  1490. When the first editions of this Diary were printed no note was required here. Before the erection of the present London Bridge the fall of water at the ebb tide was great, and to pass at that time was called “Shooting the bridge.” It was very hazardous for small boats. The ancient mode, even in Henry VIII’s time, of going to the Tower and Greenwich, was to land at the Three Cranes, in Upper Thames Street, suffer the barges to shoot the bridge, and to enter them again at Billingsgate. See Cavendish’s Wolsey, p. 40, ed. 1852. ↩

  1491. The Savoy Palace in the Strand, a considerable part of which existed so lately as 1816. —⁠B. ↩

  1492. William Bates, D.D. (born 1625, died 1699), called the “silver-tongued” divine. He was appointed to the living of St. Dunstan’s in the West, which he retained till the Act of Uniformity was passed. His farewell sermon was preached on the 17th of this same month, see post. He took part in the negotiations for the restoration of Charles II. ↩

  1493. The Common Prayer Book of 1662, now in use. ↩

  1494. Thomas Gouge (1609⁠–⁠1681), an eminent Presbyterian minister, son of William Gouge, D.D. (lecturer at and afterwards Rector of St. Anne’s, Blackfriars). He was vicar of the parish of St. Sepulchre from 1638 until the Act of Uniformity, in 1662, forced him to resign his living. ↩

  1495. Sir William Turner, Merchant Taylor, Lord Mayor of London, 1668⁠–⁠69. ↩

  1496. A mistake for Bludworth. He had been Colonel of the Orange Regiment of the Trained Bands. Lord Mayor, 1665⁠–⁠66. ↩

  1497. Where he was Dean of St. Patrick’s. He became Bishop of Limerick in 1663. ↩

  1498. Anthony Deane, eldest son of Anthony Deane, mariner of Harwich, Essex, was born about 1638, celebrated as a shipbuilder. He was appointed to Woolwich dockyard at the Restoration, and was subsequently master shipwright at Harwich in 1664, and at Portsmouth in 1668. In 1672 he was Commissioner of the Navy at Portsmouth, and in 1675 Comptroller of the Victualling, and was knighted about that time. He was M.P. for Shoreham in 1678, and for Harwich in 1679 and 1685 (with Pepys), and elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1681. He was committed to the Tower with Pepys in 1679, and discharged in the following year. He died in Charterhouse Square in 1721 (see Duckett’s Naval Commissioners, 1889, p. 71). ↩

  1499. William Brouncker, second Viscount Brouncker of Castlelyons in the Irish peerage; created M.D., at Oxford, in 1647; Keeper of the Great Seal to Queen Katharine, a Commissioner of the Admiralty, and Master of St. Catherine’s Hospital. He was a man of considerable talents, and the first President of the Royal Society. He died April 5th, 1684, aged sixty-four. There is a fine portrait of him, by Lely, at Hagiey (Lord Lyttelton’s), and another by the same painter in the rooms of the Royal Society. See post, March 24th, 1667. ↩

  1500. On St. Bartholomew’s day, August 24th, 1662, the Act of Uniformity took effect, and about two hundred Presbyterian and Independent ministers lost their preferments. ↩

  1501. The Forest of Essex was known from the beginning of the fourteenth century as Waltham Forest, and in later times as Epping Forest. It was described by Sir Robert Heath, Attorney-General, in his pleadings in 1628, “as having a very fertile and fruitful soil, and being full of most pleasant and delightful plains and lawns, most useful and commodious for hunting and chasing of the game of red and fallow deer,” and as “having been always especially and above all their other forests, prized and esteemed by the King’s Majesty and his said noble progenitors the Kings and Queens of this Realm of England, as well for his and their own pleasure, disport, and recreation from those pressing cares for the public weal and safety which are inseparably incident to their kingly office, as for the entertainment of foreign Princes and Embassadors, thereby to show unto them the honour and magnificence of the Kings and Queens of this Realm.” Sir William Hicks held the office of Deputy of Sub-Warden (called Lieutenant of the Forest) from 1640 to 1670. Pepys refers to him on September 11th and 13th, 1665, and on the latter day he visited his house, Ruckholts at Leyton, where he was not very well entertained (see note 2660 and note 2663). About 1668 a restraint on the killing of deer was ordered, and in 1670 Sir William Hicks was fined £50 for not making it appear that he had published this warrant to the keepers, whereby deer had been killed, particularly for himself. Sir William Hicks died in 1680, and on his monument in Leyton Church he is represented in a recumbent position, holding a baton in his hand as Lieutenant of Waltham Forest. He was an ancestor of the Rt. Hon. Sir Michael Hicks-Beach, M.P., Chancellor of the Exchequer. Much timber fit for the use of the Navy was obtained from that part of the forest known as Hainault. (See W. R. Fisher’s Forest of Essex, pp. 1, 2, 120, 218, 240). ↩

  1502. Lord Braybrooke noted that off-square is evidently a mistake in the shorthand MS. for half-square, which is explained in W. Leybourn’s Complete Surveyor, third edition, London, 1674, folio, and he then quoted a series of calculations which, as they do not throw much light on the text, are omitted. Lord Braybrooke adds: “It is to be hoped that Pepys carried out his intention of putting an end to the nefarious practice of cheating the King in the purchase of timber. He speaks of it in good faith, and his term, mystery, simply implies his ignorance of the art of measuring. With regard to Sir William Warren, the case was probably different: he made large presents to Pepys, and confesses that he perjured himself before the Committee of the House of Commons, in concealing the fact. Frauds in the supply of timber for the use of the Navy have been common subjects of complaint at a much later period.” ↩

  1503. Henry Jermyn, younger nephew of the Earl of St. Albans. He was created Baron Jermyn of Dover, 1685, and died in 1708, s. p.; his elder brother, Thomas, became second Baron Jermyn of Bury St. Edmund’s, on the death of his uncle, the Earl of St. Albans, in 1683, and died unmarried in 1703. Thomas Jermyn was Governor of Jersey. ↩

  1504. See July 30th, 1662, ante. ↩

  1505. “. Capt. Thomas Howard, the Earl of Carlisle’s brother, and the Lord Dillon’s son, a Colonel, met with Mr. Giles Rawlings, privy purse to the D. of York, and Mr. Jermyn, the Earl of St. Alban’s nephew.⁠ ⁠… There had been a slight quarrel betwixt them, and as they, Rawlings and Jermyn, came from tennis, these two drew at them, and then Col. Dillon killed this Mr. Rawlings dead upon the spot. Mr. Jermyn was left for dead. This Captain Howard was unfortunate since the return of his Majy, in killing a horse-courser man in St. Giles, Mr. Rawlings was much lamented; he lived in a very handsome state, six horses in his coach, three footmen, etc. Oct. Capt. Thomas Howard, and Lord Dillon’s son, both of them fled about the killing of Mr. Giles Rawlings; but after a quarter of a year they came into England, and were acquitted by law.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    Thomas Howard, fourth son of Sir William Howard, was afterwards a colonel in the army, and third husband of Mary, Duchess of Richmond (see ante, April 21st, 1662). ↩

  1506. Colonel Cary Dillon, youngest son of Robert, second Earl of Roscommon (then Lord Dillon), who is previously referred to as the suitor of the beautiful Frances Boteler (or Butler), and not, as stated in former editions of the Diary, Charles, eldest son of James, fourth Viscount Dillon. Cary Dillon succeeded his nephew the poet, in 1684, as fifth Earl of Roscommon. He married Katharine, daughter of John Werden of Chester, and died November 25th, 1689. ↩

  1507. Hamilton gives the following account of the duel, which arose from rivalry between Howard and Jermyn about Lady Shrewsbury:

    “Jermyn prit pour second, Giles Rawlings, homme de bonne fortune, et gros joueur. Howard se servit de Dillon, adroit et brave, fort honnête homme, et par malheur intime ami de Rawlings. Dans ce combat, la fortune ne fut point pour les favoris de l’amour. Le pauvre Rawlings y fut tué tout roide, et Jermyn, percé de trois coups d’épée, fut porté chez son oncle, avec fort peu de signes de vie.”

    Mém. de Grammont

    —⁠B. ↩

  1508. The old Pall Mall represents the present street, which was so called when the Mall was made in St. James’s Park. ↩

  1509. A Moorish usurper, who had put himself at the head of an army for the purpose of attacking Tangier. —⁠B. ↩

  1510. Sir Heneage Finch, Bart., was Solicitor-General from 1660 to 1670, in which latter year he became Attorney-General. He was created Earl of Nottingham in 1681. ↩

  1511. This must be some friend of Pepys who is unknown to fame. In former editions the passage in the text has been supposed to refer to John Hales of Eton, but the “ever-memorable” Hales died some years before (on May 19th, 1656). ↩

  1512. Steventon was uncle of William Hewer. ↩

  1513. The Steelyard, Steleyard, or Stilliard, the hall of the Hanse merchants, stood in Upper Thames Street, where the Cannon Street station now stands. The superficial area of the place amounted to four acres. The principal entrance in Thames Street was formed by stone gateways. The ground floors of the buildings between these gates were devoted to the Rhenish wine tavern frequently alluded to by Pepys. ↩

  1514. The landing stage or stairs at Whitehall. These places were frequently called bridges. ↩

  1515. The engagement was broken off on account of the insufficiency of the lady’s portion (see post, October 22nd). ↩

  1516. Thomas Povy, who had held, under Cromwell, a high situation in the Office of Plantations, was appointed in July, 1660, Treasurer and Receiver-General of the Rents and Revenues of James, Duke of York; but his royal master’s affairs falling into confusion, he surrendered his patent on the 27th July, 1668, for a consideration of £2,000. He was also First Treasurer for Tangier, which office he resigned to Pepys. Povy, had apartments at Whitehall, besides his lodgings in Lincoln’s Inn, and a villa near Hounslow, called the Priory, which he had inherited from Justinian Povy, who purchased it in 1625. He was one of the sons of Justinian Povy, Auditor-General to Queen Anne of Denmark in 1614, whose father was John Povy, citizen and embroiderer of London. Justinian obtained a grant of arms: sable, a bend engrailed between six cinquefoils, or with an annulet for difference. Thomas Povy had two brothers⁠—Richard, who was Commissioner-General of Provisions at Jamaica; and William, Provost-Marshal at Barbados. Evelyn describes Thomas Povy, then one of the Masters of Requests (Diary, February 29th, 1675⁠–⁠6), as “a nice contriver of all elegancies, and exceedingly formal.” By Pepys’s report, he was “a wretched accountant.” His letter-books are in the British Museum. —⁠B. ↩

  1517. Alexander Burnett, M.D., who lived in Fenchurch Street. He died of the plague, August 25th, 1665. ↩

  1518. St. Matthew’s Church was situated on the west side of Friday Street, near Cheapside. It was destroyed in the Great Fire, and rebuilt under Sir Christopher Wren. This building was pulled down in 1881. ↩

  1519. A nickname given by the Dissenters to the Prayerbook. In Mrs. Behn’s City Heiress (1682), Sir Anthony says to Sir Timothy, “You come from Church, too.” Sir Timothy replies, “Ay, needs must when the Devil drives⁠—I go to save my bacon, as they say, once a month, and that too after the Porridge is served up.” Scott quotes, in his notes to Woodstock, a pamphlet entitled, Vindication of the Book of Common Prayer, Against the Contumelious Slanders of the Fanatic Party Terming It Porridge. ↩

  1520. Will Griffin, the doorkeeper. ↩

  1521. Durdans, a famous house near Epsom, then occupied by Lord Berkeley. ↩

  1522. The Breda (previously the Nantwich) was a fourth-rate of forty guns, built at Bristol in 1654. ↩

  1523. The Weymouth was a sixth-rate of nineteen guns. There were two vessels named the Success⁠—the Old Success, a fifth-rate of thirty-four guns, and the Success (previously the Bradford), a fifth-rate of twenty-four guns (see List of the Royal Navy in 1660, Archæologia, vol. xlviii, p. 167). ↩

  1524. Cromwell had considered the 3rd of September as the most fortunate day of his life, on account of his victories at Dunbar and Worcester. It was also remarkable for the great storm that occurred at the time of his death; and as being the day on which the Fire of London, in 1666, burnt with the greatest fury. —⁠B. ↩

  1525. Gilbert Sheldon, born July 19th, 1598; Fellow of All Souls, Oxford, 1622; Warden, 1635; Bishop of London, 1660⁠–⁠63; Archbishop of Canterbury, 1663. Died November 9th, 1677. ↩

  1526. John Bruce, M.P., F.R.S., drew up a very important report for the use of the Privy Council, which was privately printed in 1799. It is entitled, “Report on the Arrangements made for the Internal Defence of this Kingdom when Spain by its Armada projected the invasion of England.” ↩

  1527. William, Lord Viscount Brouncker, see ante, August 13th, 1662. ↩

  1528. For previous references to the Dutch and English yachts, see note 648 and note 784. ↩

  1529. The Commissioners of Customs, appointed September 20th, 1660, were: Sir Job Harby. Sir John Wolstenholme; created a baronet, 1664; an intimate friend of Lord Clarendon’s; and Collector outward for the Port of London; died 1679. Sir John Jacob, of Bromley, Middlesex; created a baronet, 1664, for his loyalty and zeal for the royal family; his third wife was a daughter of Sir John Ashburnham; died 1665⁠–⁠66. Sir Nicholas Crisp (see note 214). Sir John Harrison, of Balls, Herts (now the seat of the Marquis Townshend). Audrey Harrison, daughter of Edward Harrison of Balls, brought the property into the Townshend family by her marriage with Charles, third Viscount Townshend. Sir John Shaw, a Farmer of the Customs, was created a baronet, in 1665, for his services in lending the King large sums of money during his exile; died 1679⁠–⁠80. ↩

  1530. In 1583; the object of his mission being to persuade the Muscovite (Ivan IV the Terrible) to a peace with John, King of Sweden. He was also employed to confirm the trade of the English with Russia, and having incurred some personal danger, was received with favour on his return by the Queen. He died in 1616. There is a portrait of him in Lord Suffolk’s Gallery at Charlton, Wilts. —⁠B. ↩

  1531. The Council of State sitting at Whitehall, says Lilly (Life, p. 124), had no knowledge of what was passing out of doors, until Sir Martin Noel, a discreet citizen, came about nine at night, and informed them thereof. From this notice, Noel has been considered as the original of the messenger who brings the news of the burning of the Rumps, so admirably related in Hudibras, part iii, canto 11, l. 1497. We know nothing further about Sir Martin, except that he was a scrivener, and that Pepys records his death of the plague, in 1665. His son, of the same name, was knighted in November, 1665. —⁠B. ↩

  1532. Francis Wilford, D.D., Master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, made Dean of Ely, May 20th, 1662. He died in July, 1667, being then Vice-Chancellor, and was buried in the chapel of his college. —⁠B. ↩

  1533. James, the son of Charles II by Lucy Walter, daughter of William Walter, of Roch Castle, co. Pembroke. He was born April 9th, 1649, and landed in England with the Queen-Mother, July 28th, 1662, when he bore the name of Crofts, after Lord Crofts, his governor. He was created Duke of Monmouth, February 14th, 1663, and married Lady Anne Scott, daughter and heiress of Francis, second Earl of Buccleuch, on April 20th following. In 1673 he took the name of Scott, and was created Duke of Buccleuch. ↩

  1534. Epictetus, Encheiridion, i 1: τῶν ὅντων τὰ μέν ἐστιν ὲφ’ ἡμῖν τὰ δε οῦκ “Some things are in our power, others are not.” Pepys means, “I ought not to vex myself about what I cannot control.” ↩

  1535. Margaret was Tom Pepys’s servant; see April 6th, 1664. ↩

  1536. A good manager. ↩

  1537. Charles II determined to form his own chapel on the model of that at Versailles. Twenty-four instrumentalists were engaged, and this was the first day upon which they were brought into requisition. Evelyn alludes to the change in his Diary, but he puts the date down as the 21st instead of the 14th. “Instead of the ancient, grave and solemn wind musiq accompanying the organ, was introduc’d a concert of 24 violins between every pause after the French fantastical light way, better suiting a tavern or playhouse than a church. This was the first time of change, and now we no more heard the cornet which gave life to the organ, that instrument quite left off in which the English were so skilful.” A list of the twenty-four fiddlers in 1674, taken from an Exchequer document, “The names of the Gents of his Majesties Private Music paid out of the Exchequer,” is printed in North’s Memoires of Music, ed. Rimbault, 1846, p. 98 (note). ↩

  1538. Alderman Francis Meynell was a goldsmith and banker in London, and then one of the sheriffs. He was the third son of Godfrey Meynell, of Willington, in Derbyshire, and died in 1666; his father was buried at Langley, in that county, where their descendants still possess property. Sir W. Dugdale, in his Diary, mentions his having defaced the achievements which had been hung up at Bradley, in Derbyshire, where the alderman was interred: not, as it would seem, from any doubt as to that gentleman being entitled to bear arms, but because a London painter had been employed to blazon the shield who had not obtained the sanction of the Heralds’ Office, and thereby excited their jealousy at a moment when their occupation was on the decline. —⁠B. ↩

  1539. William Ashburnham, Cofferer of the King’s Household. ↩

  1540. It is not certain where this chapel was situated, but it was probably the same as that attached to Marlborough House, and known as the German Chapel. This chapel is said to have been built by Inigo Jones for the use of Queen Henrietta Maria, and it was, therefore, suitable for the Roman Catholic service. ↩

  1541. Pepys himself gives an account of this custom; see May 18th, 1660. ↩

  1542. Colonel Fitzgerald was Deputy-Governor of Tangier. ↩

  1543. Lord Braybrooke says that this was a mistake for Nicholas Burt, but there was an actor at this time named Theophilus Bird. ↩

  1544. Aglaura, a tragicomedy by Sir John Suckling, first published in 1638. ↩

  1545. “The French church in the Savoy” was established by Charles II. It was removed to Bloomsbury Street, and the present building, designed by Ambrose Poynter, architect, 1845⁠–⁠46. The Common Prayer Book In French is still used there. ↩

  1546. This seems to be the only mention of the acting of Shakespeare’s play at this time, and it does not appear to have been a favourite. ↩

  1547. A tragedy by John Webster, first published in 1623. The character of Bosola was taken by Betterton, and that of the Duchess of Malfy by Mary Saunderson, shortly afterwards his wife (Ianthe). The acting is highly praised by Downes. ↩

  1548. Two acts were passed in 1662 for this purpose, viz., 13 and 14 Car. II cap. 8: “An act for distribution of threescore thousand pounds amongst the truly loyal and indigent commission officers, and for assessing of offices and distributing the monies thereby raised for their further supply;” and cap. 9, “An act for the relief of poor and maimed officers and soldiers who have faithfully served his Majesty and his royal father in the late wars.” ↩

  1549. A tragedy by James Shirley, licensed on November 25th, 1641, and printed in 1652. ↩

  1550. See ante, September 12th, where the incident is mentioned. ↩

  1551. John Dekins (or Dickens), previously mentioned in the Diary, from whom the Navy Office bought hemp (see January 27th, 1661⁠–⁠62). ↩

  1552. Elizabeth Dekins (or Dickens), a brunette, sometimes described as “Morena” (the Portuguese term for a dark-complexioned woman, probably introduced with Queen Catherine of Braganza, who was also a brunette), and sometimes as “a black girl.” She died shortly after this entry was made, and was buried in Allhallows Barking Church, October 22nd (see note 1576). ↩

  1553. The Satisfaction was a Dutch prize. It was a fifth-rate of twenty-six guns. ↩

  1554. A lace band, the edges of which were indented with segments of circles, so as to resemble a scallop shell. The word “scallop” was used till recently for a part of a lady’s dress embroidered and cut to resemble a scallop shell. ↩

  1555. Afterwards agent in Holland for James II, who made use of him to inveigle over to England the Duke of Monmouth. —⁠B. ↩

  1556. Hamond Claxton, of Booton, co. Norfolk. ↩

  1557. Paulina, daughter of Talbot Pepys of Impington, and sister of Roger and of Dr. John Pepys, married Hamond Claxton. She was born at Norwich, January 30th, 1622. ↩

  1558. Oliver St. John, Solicitor-General, 1641⁠–⁠43, and Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, 1648; one of Cromwell’s Lords, and therefore, after the Restoration, properly called “My late Lord.” His third daughter, Elizabeth, by his second wife, daughter of Henry Cromwell of Upwood, uncle to the Protector, married John Bernard, who succeeded to the baronetcy on the death of his father, Sir Robert, in 1666, and was M.P. for Huntingdon. St. John died December 31st, 1673, at the age of seventy-five. There is a monument to his memory in Brampton Church, Huntingdonshire. ↩

  1559. That is, “undressing.” So of the French lords leaping over the walls in their shirts

    Alenc How now, my lords! what all unready so?
    Bast Unready! ay, and glad we ’scaped so well.
    Henry VI, act ii, sc. i

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  1560. Sir Robert Bernard. ↩

  1561. A musical instrument with wire strings, and sounded with a plectrum; used as a bass to the cittern. The banjo is a modification of the bandore, as the name is a negro corruption of that word. ↩

  1562. A blast of trumpets, intended as a reveillée, from French lever.

    “First he that led the Cavalcade
    Wore a Sow-gelder’s Flagellet,
    On which he blew as strong a Levet
    As well-feed Lawyer on his breviate.”

    Hudibras, II ii v. 609

    ↩

  1563. Theobalds, a royal palace and park in the parish of Cheshunt, Herts. The house was built by Sir William Cecil (afterwards Lord Burghley) in 1560. James I exchanged Hatfield with the Earl of Salisbury for this estate. Charles II granted Theobalds to Monk, Duke of Albemarle, but at the death of his son it reverted to the crown. The last vestiges of the palace were destroyed in 1765. ↩

  1564. The Satisfaction was a Dutch prize, a fifth-rate of twenty-six guns. ↩

  1565. Henry Bennet was born 1618, and knighted in 1657; M.P. for Kellington, 1663⁠–⁠65. Created Baron Arlington, 1665, and Viscount Thetford and Earl of Arlington, 1672. In the latter year he was also created a Knight of the Garter. He died July 28th, 1685. Isabella, his daughter and sole heir married the first Duke of Grafton in 1682. ↩

  1566. Created Baron Berkeley of Rathdown, and Viscount Fitzharding of Bearhaven (in Ireland), 1663; and, in 1665, Baron Botetort, and Earl of Falmouth, in England. Died June 3rd, 1665. He was the second son of Sir Charles Berkeley of Bruton. ↩

  1567. The child was owned by neither of the royal brothers. —⁠B. ↩

  1568. The Earl of St. Albans was never appointed Lord Treasurer. ↩

  1569. Christopher Merrett, M.D., a native of Gloucestershire, born February 16th, 1614, a friend of Harvey, and author of several works on medicine and natural history. Expelled from his Fellowship of the Royal College of Physicians, September 30th, 1681. He died at his house in Hatton Garden, August 19th, 1695. ↩

  1570. A treaty was signed on the 27th October by which Dunkirk was sold to France for five million livres, two of which were to be paid immediately, and the remaining three by eight bills at dates varying from three months to two years; during which time the King of England was to contribute the aid of a naval force, if necessary, for defence against Spain. Subsequently the remaining three millions were reduced to 2,500,000 to be paid at Paris, and 254,000 in London. It is not known that Clarendon suggested the sale of Dunkirk, but it is certain that he adopted the measure with zeal. There is also no doubt that he got as much as France could be induced to give.

    Lister’s Life of Clarendon, ii 173⁠–⁠4

    ↩

  1571. A tragedy by T. Porter.

    “The Villain, a tragedy which I have seen acted at the Duke’s Theatre with great applause: the part of Malignii being incomparably played by Mr. Sandford.”

    Langbaine, p. 407

    “This person [Sandford] acted strongly with his face; and, as King Charles said, was the best villain in the world.”

    Tony Aston, p. 11

    —⁠B. ↩

  1572. Peter Lely, who was knighted by Charles II. He lived for a time in Drury Lane, but in 1662 he moved to a house in the Piazza, Covent Garden. He died of apoplexy, 1680, and left an estate in Lincolnshire of £800 a year. His collection of pictures and drawings was very fine, and realized £26,000 when sold by auction. ↩

  1573. From Epictetus, Encheiridion, i 1. See ante, September 9th (note 1534), where Pepys uses the same quotation. ↩

  1574. Nicholas Lechmere, born September, 1613, called to the bar in 1641, and elected a bencher of the Middle Temple in 1655. He took the side of the Parliament, and was afterwards a staunch supporter of Richard Cromwell; but he made his peace with Charles II, and obtained a full pardon at Breda. At the age of seventy-six he was made a Baron of the Exchequer (May 4th, 1689), and knighted. He died April 30th, 1701. ↩

  1575. Mary Saunderson, famous for acting the character of Ianthe in Davenant’s Siege of Rhodes. The marriage licence of “Thomas Betterton, bachelor, of Westminster, aged about 30, and Mary Saunderson, of St. Giles, Cripplegate, spinster, about 25,” is dated December 24th, 1662. See Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, 1887, col. 123. ↩

  1576. The burial of Elizabeth, daughter of John Dekins or Dickens, is recorded in the parish register of All Hallows, Barking, as having taken place on October 22nd. See ante, October 3rd. ↩

  1577. Lady Castlemaine. ↩

  1578. This passage, as well as one written on August 5th, 1662, for which he makes an excuse, is written quite plainly, and the manuscript is as neat as usual. ↩

  1579. There has been much confusion as to the name and parentage of Charles’s mistress. Lucy Walter was the daughter of William Walter of Roch Castle, co. Pembroke, and Mr. S. Steinman, in his Althorp Memoirs (privately printed, 1869), sets out her pedigree, which is a good one. Roch Castle was taken and burnt by the Parliamentary forces in 1644, and Lucy was in London in 1648, where she made the acquaintance of Colonel Algernon Sidney. She then fell into the possession of his brother, Colonel Robert Sidney. In September of this same year she was taken up by Charles, Prince of Wales. Charles terminated his connection with her on October 30th, 1651, and she died in 1658, as appears by a document (administration entry in the Register of the Prerogative Court) met with by the late Colonel Chester. William Erskine, who had served Charles as cupbearer in his wanderings, and was appointed Master of the Charterhouse in December, 1677, had the care of Lucy Walter, and buried her in Paris. He declared that the king never had any intention of marrying her, and she did not deserve it. Thomas Ross, the tutor of her son, put the idea of this claim into his head, and asked Dr. Cosin to certify to a marriage. In consequence of this he was removed from his office, and Lord Crofts took his place (Steinman’s Althorp Memoirs). Lucy Walter took the name of Barlow during her wanderings. ↩

  1580. Now Mincing Lane. Stow writes, “Mincheon Lane, so called of tenements there some time pertaining to the Minchuns or nuns of St. Helen’s in Bishopsgate Street.” ↩

  1581. Intended for John Barkstead, Lieutenant of the Tower under Cromwell. Committed to the Tower (see March 17th, 1661⁠–⁠62). ↩

  1582. Cold Harbour, in Upper Thames Street. The City of London Brewery (formerly Calvert’s), No. 89, Upper Thames Street, occupies the site. The name has not been satisfactorily explained. One explanation is that it is a corruption of Koelner Herberge, or inn of the Cologne merchants. ↩

  1583. Lady Elizabeth Butler, daughter of James Butler, first Duke of Ormond, second wife of Philip Stanhope, second Earl of Chesterfield. She died July, 1665 (see Mémoires de Grammont, chap. viii). Peter Cunningham thinks that this banishment was only temporary, for, according to the Grammont Memoirs, she was in town when the Russian ambassador was in London, December, 1662, and January, 1662⁠–⁠63. “It appears from the books of the Lord Steward’s office⁠ ⁠… that Lord Chesterfield set out for the country on the 12th May, 1663, and, from his ‘Short Notes’ referred to in the Memoirs before his Correspondence, that he remained at Bretby, in Derbyshire, with his wife, throughout the summer of that year” (Story of Nell Gwyn, 1852, p. 189). ↩

  1584. Sir Richard Stayner’s funeral is mentioned on the 28th of this month. ↩

  1585. Thus in the MS., although the amount was first stated as £7,000 (see October 30th, 1662). ↩

  1586. Painstaking. ↩

  1587. Dr. Ball was at this time rector of the parish of St. Mary Woolchurch Haw, and in 1665 he became Master of the Temple. ↩

  1588. Henry Rich, second son of Robert, first Earl of Warwick, born about 1589; M.P. for Leicester, 1614. Created Lord Kensington March 8th, 1623. Ambassador Extraordinary to Paris, March 19th, 1624. He was advanced to the earldom of Holland, September 24th, 1624; K.G., 1625. Beheaded by the Parliament, March 9th, 1649. ↩

  1589. Louis XIII, in 1624. ↩

  1590. John Swinfen, M.P. for Tamworth. ↩

  1591. John Bridgeman, Bishop of Chester, ancestor of the present Earl of Bradford. He died in 1652 at Moreton in Shropshire, the seat of his son Orlando, who is styled in the text incorrectly his brother. In 1660 Orlando Bridgeman was created a baronet, and in the patent he was described as of Great Lever, in Lancashire, a property near Wigan. Ashton Hall, near Lancaster, was another seat of the family. (See ante, October 10th, 1660.) ↩

  1592. See ante, October 17th, 1662. ↩

  1593. The two Gosnells. The Christian names of these two sisters are not known. No reference to the one who turned actress can be found in the ordinary sources of theatrical history. ↩

  1594. See ante, July 3rd, 1662. ↩

  1595. Francis Clerke, knighted May 28th, 1660; M.P. for Rochester. ↩

  1596. A tragedy by George Chapman, first published in 1607. The plot is taken from French history of the reign of Henry III. ↩

  1597. The Turkey or Levant Company was established in 1581. ↩

  1598. Mrs. Gosnell. ↩

  1599. This was the Cockpit adjoining Whitehall Palace. The Scornful Lady was a comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, first published in 1616. ↩

  1600. This entry would appear to have been altered at a later date, as James Crofts or Fitzroy was not raised to the peerage and created Duke of Monmouth until February 14th, 1662⁠–⁠63. ↩

  1601. Edward Thurland, born at Reigate in 1606, and called to the bar by the Inner Temple on October 2nd, 1634; M.P. for Reigate, May, 1640, also in 1660 and 1661. Recorder of Reigate and Guildford, and appointed Solicitor to the Duke of York, when he was knighted. Baron of the Exchequer, 1673. Died December 10th, 1682. ↩

  1602. Mistake for Sir Matthew Hale, who, on Sir Orlando Bridgeman’s promotion to the Lord Chief Justiceship of the Common Pleas, was made Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer on November 7th, 1662. ↩

  1603. There is a copy of Bering’s Latin songs in the British Museum, entitled, Cantica Sacra ad duas et tres voces composita. London 1662, folio. —⁠B. ↩

  1604. Hugh Audley died November 15th, 1662. Smyth, in his Obituary (p. 56), says he was sometime of the Court of Wards. There is an old tract called The Way to Be Rich, According to the Practice of the Great Audley, Who Began with £200 in 1605, and Died Worth £400,000, November, 1662. London, printed for E. Davies, 1662. ↩

  1605. 1652, December 24th,

    “Died John Daves, Old Jewry, broaker, a prisoner buried in St. Olave’s, Old Jewry: his son, Tho. Daves, a bookseller, was afterwards an alderman and Lord Mayor of London, enriched by the legacy of Hugh Audley.”

    Smith’s Obituary, p. 33

    —⁠B. ↩

  1606. Gracechurch Street. ↩

  1607. A jacobus was a gold coin of the value of twenty-five shillings, called after James I, in whose reign it was first coined. ↩

  1608. Alderman Backwell brought over the money. ↩

  1609. Henry Slingsby, Master of the Mint. —⁠B. ↩

  1610. Peter Blondeau was employed by the Commonwealth to coin their money. After the Restoration, November 3rd, 1662, he received letters of denization, and a grant for being engineer of the Mint in the Tower of London, and for using his new invention for coining gold and silver with the mill and press, with the fee of £100 per annum (Walpole’s Anecdotes of Painting). ↩

  1611. French carrefour, a place where four roads meet. In two ordinances of the reign of Edward III, printed in Riley’s Memorials of London (pp. 300, 389), this is called the “Carfukes,” which nearly approaches the name of the “Carfax,” at Oxford, where four ways also met. ↩

  1612. Ironmongers’ Hall, on the north side of Fenchurch Street, was much used in the seventeenth century for grand funerals and funeral banquets. The present hall was built in 1748. ↩

  1613. Sir Richard Stayner’s body was buried at Greenwich on the 28th November. ↩

  1614. A small sea-vessel used in the Dutch herring-fishery. ↩

  1615. Third son of Sir Conyers Darcy, created by patent, August 10th 1641 Baron Darcy. ↩

  1616. The French Protestant Church was founded by Edward VI in the church of St. Anthony’s Hospital in Threadneedle Street. This was destroyed in the Great Fire, and rebuilt, but demolished for the approaches of the new Royal Exchange. The church was then removed to St. Martin’s-le-Grand, but this was also removed in 1888 to make room for the new Post Office buildings. ↩

  1617. The fashion of men wearing muffs appears to have been introduced from France in this reign. ↩

  1618. The ancient name for Algiers. ↩

  1619. Iron skates appear to have been introduced by the Dutch, as the name certainly was; but we learn from Fitzstephen that bone skates (although not so called) were used in London in the twelfth century. ↩

  1620. Pepys’s appointment as member of the Tangier Committee (see ante August 19th). ↩

  1621. Translated from the Cid of Corneille. ↩

  1622. Ianthe was Mrs. Betterton. ↩

  1623. Elizabeth Davenport having left the stage, her place was probably taken by Mrs. Norton (see ante, February 18th, 1661⁠–⁠62). ↩

  1624. Mrs. Pepys fell out with Sarah on the 22nd November (see ante). ↩

  1625. Jane Wayneman. ↩

  1626. Buttered ale must have been a horrible concoction, as it is described as ale boiled with lump sugar and spice. ↩

  1627. Reference is made to a young lady whom Balty St. Michel wished to marry on 11th September, 1661. ↩

  1628. Fine for the imprisonment of Field (see February 4th, 1661⁠–⁠62, and October 21st, 1662). ↩

  1629. William Lawes, the composer of psalms, was the elder brother of the more celebrated Henry Lawes. ↩

  1630. Andrew Rutherford, son of William Rutherford of Quarry-holes, went young into the French service, and became a lieutenant-general of that kingdom. At the Restoration he brought over an honourable testimony from the King of France, and was created a baron of Scotland, and in 1663 advanced to the earldom of Teviot for his management of the sale of Dunkirk, of which he was governor. He was afterwards appointed Governor of Tangier, and was killed by the Moors in 1664: dying without issue, his earldom became extinct; but the barony of Rutherford descended, according to the patent, to Sir Thomas Rutherford of Hunthill. —⁠B. ↩

  1631. Sir John Berkenhead, LL.D., F.R.S., political writer on the Royalist side, born at Northwich, Cheshire; servitor at Oriel College, Oxford, and afterwards Fellow of All Souls; M.P. for Wilton, 1661, and knighted the following year; Master of the Faculty Office, and of the Court of Requests. Died at Whitehall, December, 1679, and buried in the churchyard of St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields. ↩

  1632. See note 808. ↩

  1633. A tragicomedy, licensed May 27th, 1624, printed in Beaumont and Fletcher’s Works, 1647. Pepys does not appear to have seen it acted. ↩

  1634. Christopher Gibbons, son of the more famous Orlando Gibbons (who died June 5th, 1625). At the Restoration he was appointed organist to the King, and also to Westminster Abbey. He received the degree of Mus. D. in 1664 on the recommendation of Charles II, conveyed in an autograph letter to the University of Oxford. He died in 1676. ↩

  1635. William Brydges, succeeded his brother as seventh Baron Chandos of Sudeley, February, 1655. He died February, 1676⁠–⁠77. ↩

  1636. See ante, December 27th, 1661. ↩

  1637. James Crofts, son of Charles II by Lucy Walter, created Duke of Monmouth in 1663, Duke of Buccleuch in 1673, when he took the name of Scott. ↩

  1638. Edward, Earl of Manchester, Lord Chamberlain. ↩

  1639. Lord Sandwich’s second son, who married afterwards Anne, daughter and heir of Sir Francis Wortley of Wortley, by whom he was father of Edward Wortley Montagu, the husband of the celebrated Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. Their daughter married John Stuart, third Earl of Bute, whose second son took the name and estates of Wortley, and was father of the first Lord Wharncliffe. —⁠B. ↩

  1640. The Bills of Mortality for London were first compiled by order of Thomas Cromwell about 1538, and the keeping of them was commenced by the Company of Parish Clerks in the great plague year of 1593. The bills were issued weekly from 1603. The charter of the Parish Clerks’ Company (1611) directs that “each parish clerk shall bring to the Clerks’ Hall weekly a note of all christenings and burials.” Charles I in 1636 granted permission to the Parish Clerks to have a printing press and employ a printer in their hall for the purpose of printing their weekly bills. ↩

  1641. Boulogne. These pictures were given by George III to the Society of Antiquaries, who in return presented to the king a set of Thomas Hearne’s works, on large paper. The pictures were reclaimed by George IV, and are now at Hampton Court. They were exhibited in the Tudor Exhibition, 1890. They have been engraved in the “Vetusta Monumenta,” published by the Society of Antiquaries. The set of Hearne’s works is now in the King’s Library, in the British Museum. ↩

  1642. George Morley, D.D., Bishop of Winchester, to which see he was translated from Worcester in 1662. He died October 29th, 1684, aged eighty-seven years. ↩

  1643. The national Christmas dish of plum pudding is a modern evolution from plum porridge, which was probably similar to the dish still produced at Windsor Castle. ↩

  1644. The first edition of Butler’s Hudibras is dated 1663, and it probably had only been published a few days when Pepys bought it and sold it at a loss. He subsequently endeavoured to appreciate the work, but was not successful. The edition in the Pepysian Library is dated 1689. ↩

  1645. See October 20th, 1662. ↩

  1646. Pepys saw the second part of Davenant’s Siege of Rhodes on July 2nd, 1661. ↩

  1647. The seven inmates all perished (Rugge’s Diurnal). Sir Thomas Alleyne was Lord Mayor in 1660. ↩

  1648. Thomas, Earl of Southampton. ↩

  1649. “On Monday last, betwixt two and three in the afternoon. His Majesty gave audience to the great Lord Ambassador, the great Duke and governor of Toulsky, Peeter, the son of Simon, surnamed Prozorofskee, to the Lord Governor of Coarmeski, John, the son of Offonassey, surnamed Zelebousky, and Juan Stephano, Chancellor, etc. Ambassadors from the Emperor of Russia. They passed along from York House to Whitehall through his Majesties guards who stood on both sides of the street, and made a lane for their more orderly procession.”

    Mercurius Publicus, January 1st, 1662⁠–⁠63

    —⁠B. ↩

  1650. Lady Anne Scott, daughter and heiress of Francis, second Earl of Buccleuch, married to the Duke of Monmouth, April 20th, 1663. ↩

  1651. By moire is meant mohair. —⁠B. ↩

  1652. “Branle. Espèce de danse de plusieurs personnes, qui se tiennent par la main, et qui se menent tour-à-tour.

    Dictionnaire de l’Académie

    A country dance mentioned by Shakespeare and other dramatists under the form of brawl, which word continued to be used in the eighteenth century.

    “My grave Lord Keeper led the brawls;
    The seals and maces danced before him.”

    Gray, A Long Story

    ↩

  1653. Coranto, from Italian corranta. A swift and lively dance.

    “And teach lavoltas high, and swift corantos.”

    Shakespeare, Henry V, act iii, sc. 5

    “A kinde of French-dance.”

    Florio

    Sir John Davies describes this dance in his poem on Dancing. ↩

  1654. The tune of “Cuckolds all a row” is given in Chappell’s Popular Music of the Olden Time, vol. i, p. 341. ↩

  1655. Sir Henry de Vic of Guernsey, a connection of the Carteret family. He was for twenty years Resident at Brussels, and was created a baronet September 3rd, 1649. He was Chanceller of the Order of the Garter. He married his cousin, Margaret, third daughter of Sir Philip Carteret of St. Ouen, Jersey, and his only daughter, Anne Charlotte, married John, Lord Frescheville. He died November 20th, 1671, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. ↩

  1656. Charles Gerard, son of Sir Charles Gerard, created Baron Gerard of Brandon by Charles I, November 8th, 1645, raised a regiment of foot and a troop of horse, and distinguished himself in the king’s service during the Civil Wars. He was a gentleman of the King’s Bedchamber to Charles II, and captain of the Life Guards. Created Earl of Macclesfield, July 23rd, 1679. His wife, mentioned subsequently, was Jane de Civell, daughter of Pierre de Civell (equerry to Queen Henrietta Maria). He died January 7th, 1694. Not long after this Charles II affronted Lady Gerard, probably at the instigation of Lady Castlemaine (see March 7th, 1662⁠–⁠63). ↩

  1657. See ante, November 3rd, 1662. ↩

  1658. Davenant’s Company, called from being under the patronage of the Duke of York, the Duke’s Company, began to play at Salisbury Court Theatre on November 15th, 1660. The company removed to Portugal Row, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, in June, 1661. Davenant’s Theatre is usually called the Opera, to distinguish it from the Theatre of the King’s Company. ↩

  1659. Mrs. Davenport, see note 1337. ↩

  1660. Thomas Allen (or Allin) of Blundeston, born 1612. He commanded a ship in the fleet that seceded to the Prince of Wales (Charles II) in 1648. He was appointed to command the Dover in 1660, and successively commanded the Plymouth, the Foresight, the Lion, and the Rainbow. He succeeded Lawson in command of the Mediterranean squadron in 1664. Elder Brother of the Trinity House, 1666; Comptroller of the Navy, 1671. Created a baronet in 1673 in consideration of his gallant services; Commander-in-chief of the Channel Fleet, 1678. Died 1685. ↩

  1661. Pepys saw Tom Killigrew’s play, Claracilla, for the first time on July 4th, 1661. ↩

  1662. Scar-fire or scarefire. An alarm of fire. One of the little pieces in Herrick’s Hesperides is entitled The Scar-Fire, but the word sometimes was used, as in the text, for the fire itself. Fuller, in his Worthies, speaks of quenching scare-fires. ↩

  1663. Pepys saw Twelfth Night for the first time on September 11th, 1661, when he supposed it was a new play, and “took no pleasure at all in it.” ↩

  1664. Sir Samuel Tuke, of Temple Cressy, colonel of horse in the king’s service during the Civil War, and afterwards engaged in the rising in Essex under Capel, Lucas, and Lisle. He became a proselyte to the Church of Rome about 1658; and on March 31st, 1664, he was created a baronet. He was one of the first Fellows of the Royal Society. He married Mary Sheldon, one of Queen Catherine’s dressers, and died at Somerset House, January 26th, 1673. His play, The Adventures of Five Hours, was founded on a play by Calderon, and undertaken on the suggestion of the king, who recommended him to adapt a Spanish play to the English stage. It was first published in 1663, and is reprinted in Dodsley’s Old Plays (Hazlitt’s edition, 1876, vol. xv). Evelyn refers to the play in his Diary (December 23rd, 1662), but by a slip of the pen attributes it to Sir George Tuke. ↩

  1665. See ante, December 16th, 1662 for account of the conversation with Sarah. ↩

  1666. The usual word at this time for a lover. We have continued the correlative term “mistress,” but rejected that of “servant.” ↩

  1667. The construction of this Mole or breakwater turned out a very costly undertaking. In April, 1663, it was found that the charge for one year’s work was £13,000. In March, 1665, £36,000 had been spent upon it. The wind and sea exerted a very destructive influence over this structure, although it was very strongly built, and Colonel Norwood reported in 1668 that a breach had been made in the Mole, which cost a considerable sum to repair. ↩

  1668. Epictetus, Encheiridion, i 1. See ante, September 9th, 1662 (note 1534). ↩

  1669. Francis Maynell or Meynell. See ante, September 18th, 1662 (note 1538). ↩

  1670. Apparently J. Scott and his wife Judith (née) Pepys). ↩

  1671. See ante, November 3rd, 1662 (note 1583). ↩

  1672. The seat of the Earl of Chesterfield was Bretby Hall. There is a good view of it by Knyff and Kip. It is no longer standing. —⁠B. ↩

  1673. Charles Pepys was second son of Thomas Pepys, elder brother of Samuel’s father. Samuel paid part of the legacy to Charles and his elder brother Thomas on May 25th, 1664. ↩

  1674. Mr. Ackworth held some office in Deptford Yard. —⁠B. ↩

  1675. The Elias was a fourth-rate of thirty-six guns. It was a Dutch prize. ↩

  1676. Citizen and grocer of London; most severely handled by Pope. Two statues were erected to his memory⁠—one in the College of Physicians, and the other in the Grocers’ Hall. They were erected and one removed (that in the College of Physicians) before Pope stigmatized “sage Cutler.” Pope says that Sir John Cutler had an only daughter; in fact, he had two: one married to Lord Radnor; the other, mentioned afterwards by Pepys, the wife of Sir William Portman. —⁠B. ↩

  1677. See ante, November 23rd, 1662. ↩

  1678. In earlier days Pepys noted for us each few pounds or shillings of graft which he annexed at each transaction in his office. ↩

  1679. On the 20th of August, the Duc de Créqui, then French ambassador at Rome, was insulted by the Corsican armed police, a force whose ignoble duty it was to assist the Sbirri; and the pope, Alexander VII, at first refused reparation for the affront offered to the French. Louis, as in the case of D’Estrades, took prompt measures. He ordered the papal nuncio forthwith to quit France; he seized upon Avignon, and his army prepared to enter Italy. Alexander found it necessary to submit. In fulfilment of a treaty signed at Pisa in 1664, Cardinal Chigi, the pope’s nephew, came to Paris, to tender the pope’s apology to Louis. The guilty individuals were punished; the Corsicans banished forever from the Roman States; and in front of the guardhouse which they had occupied a pyramid was erected, bearing an inscription which embodied the pope’s apology. This pyramid Louis permitted Clement IX to destroy on his accession. —⁠B. ↩

  1680. Lorenzo Imperiali, of Genoa. He had been appointed Governor of Rome by Innocent X, and he had acted in that capacity at the time of the tumult. —⁠B. ↩

  1681. Colonel Henry Honywood, of Little Archer’s Court River, Kent, who had taken up arms against Charles I. He was the son of Arthur Honywood, of Lincoln’s Inn and Maidstone, and had sepulture at Christ Church, Canterbury (Hasted’s Kent, vol. iv, p. 40). —⁠B. ↩

  1682. Françoise Louise de la Baume le Blanc, Duchesse de La Vallière, the beautiful mistress of Louis XIV, did not die till 1710. ↩

  1683. Cardinal Mazarin died March 9th, 1661. ↩

  1684. Ferrandin, which was sometimes spelt farendon, was a stuff made of silk mixed with some other material, like what is now called poplin. Both mohair and farendon are generally cheap materials; for in the case of Manby v. Scott, decided in the Exchequer Chamber in 1663, and reported in the first volume of Modern Reports, the question being as to the liability of a husband to pay for goods supplied against his consent to his wife, who had separated from him, Mr. Justice Hyde (whose judgment is most amusing) observes, in putting various supposed cases, that “The wife will have a velvet gown and a satin petticoat, and the husband thinks a mohair or farendon for a gown, and watered tabby for a petticoat, is as fashionable, and fitter for her quality.” —⁠B. ↩

  1685. 1 Samuel 24:5, “And it came to pass afterward, that David’s heart smote him, because he had cut off Saul’s skirt.” ↩

  1686. The revels were held in the Inner Temple Hall. The last revel in any of the Inns of Court was held in the Inner Temple in 1733. ↩

  1687. William Owtram, D.D., a native of Derbyshire, rector of St. Mary Woolnoth, and minister of St. Margaret’s, Westminster, 1664; Archdeacon of Leicester, 1669; and Prebendary of Westminster, 1670. He was eminent for his piety and charity, and was an excellent preacher. He died August 23rd, 1679, in his fifty-fifth year, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. ↩

  1688. Dean Colet wrote the English rudiments for William Lilly’s famous grammar, which for so long a period was the standard school book at English grammar schools. ↩

  1689. The theatre built on the site of the present Drury Lane Theatre for the King’s Company under Thomas Killigrew was opened on May 7th (not, as usually stated, April 8th), 1663, when the company removed from the Theatre in Vere Street, Clare Market. ↩

  1690. Joseph Williamson, son of the Rev. Joseph Williamson, vicar of Bridekirk, co. Cumberland, Keeper of the State Paper Office at Whitehall, and in 1663 made Undersecretary of State. In 1664 he became Secretary of State, which appointment he filled for four years. Knighted January 24th, 1671⁠–⁠72. He represented Thetford and Rochester in different parliaments, and in 1678 he succeeded Lord Brouncker as President of the Royal Society. He married the widow of Lord O’Brien (Lady Catherine Stuart, sister and heir to Charles Stuart, Duke of Richmond and Lennox). He died October 3rd, 1701, and left £6,000 to Queen’s College, Oxford, where he was educated, and at Rochester he founded a mathematical school, of which John Colson was first master. Buried in the Duke of Richmond’s vault, in Henry VII’s chapel. Evelyn gives, in his Diary (July 22nd, 1674), a rather unflattering portrait of Williamson, and calls him “absolutely Lord Arlington’s creature and ungrateful enough.” ↩

  1691. Mary Pepys, only daughter of Thomas Pepys of London, elder brother of John Pepys, Samuel’s father. The name of her husband is not known, and she is referred to in the Diary as Mary Pepys. Samuel seems to have been satisfied with the husband, who returned eighteen pence which had been paid him too much when the legacy was settled (see December 11th, 1664). She died December, 1667. ↩

  1692. James Duport, D.D., Professor of Greek at Cambridge, Dean of Peterborough, 1664, and Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1668. Died in July, 1679, aged seventy-three, and was buried in Peterborough Cathedral. Evelyn, in his Diary (September 15th, 1672), describes him as “no great preacher, but a very worthy and learned man.” ↩

  1693. For Josiah we should read Joshua (see Joshua 24:15). ↩

  1694. Sir Thomas Willis, Bart., mentioned April 20th, 1660, possessed some property at Ditton, in Cambridgeshire, where he was buried, having died in 1705, in his ninety-first year. In 1679 he had been put out of the Commission of the Peace for that county for concurring with the Fanatic party in opposing the Court.

    Cole’s MSS.

    —⁠B. ↩

  1695. Winifred Wells, maid of honour to the Queen, who figures in the Grammont Memoirs. The king is supposed to have been father of the child. A similar adventure is told of Mary Kirke (afterwards married to Sir Thomas Vernon), who figures in the Grammont Memoirs as Miss Warmestre. ↩

  1696. Frances Theresa, eldest daughter of Dr. Walter Stuart (third son of Walter, Lord Blantyre), known as “la Belle Stuart,” the greatest beauty at Charles’s court. She married Charles Stuart, sixth Duke of Lennox and third Duke of Richmond, as his third wife. She died October 15th, 1702, without issue, having survived her husband thirty years. The story in the text was not true. ↩

  1697. Pepys must have had a bad attack of nettle-rash. ↩

  1698. Thomas Windsor-Hickman, created Lord Windsor of Bradenham, 1660; Captain-General and Governor of Jamaica, July, 1661, to February, 1663; Earl of Plymouth, 1682. Died November 3rd, 1687. ↩

  1699. For a note respecting the Elenchus Motuum of George Bate, M.D., see note 261. ↩

  1700. Sir William Wheler, of Westminster, was created a baronet, August 11th, 1660, with remainder to his cousin, Charles Wheler, who succeeded to the honour upon his death. He was then M.P. for Queenborough. —⁠B. ↩

  1701. See note, December 26th, 1661 (note 1279). ↩

  1702. Balthasar St. Michel’s wife. ↩

  1703. Edward Spragge, knighted for his gallant conduct as a captain in the first sea-fight with the Dutch in 1665, son of Lichfield Spragge, captain of horse and Governor of Roscommon, and Mary, second daughter of Edward Legge, Vice-President of Munster. After rendering many important naval services to his country, he was unfortunately drowned, on August 11th, 1673, whilst passing in a boat to the Royal Charles, from his own ship, which had been disabled in the action with Van Tromp. He was buried in the north aisle of Westminster Abbey, September 23rd, 1673. He left the bulk of his property to Dorothy Dennis and his three children by her who bore his name. (See Chester’s Westminster Abbey Registers, p. 182.) ↩

  1704. See ante, February 13th, 1662⁠–⁠63. ↩

  1705. A comedy by Sir Robert Stapylton, acted by the Duke’s Company in Lincoln’s Inn Fields. Betterton and his wife both acted in this play. ↩

  1706. Dryden’s first play. Evelyn saw it at court, February 5th, 1662⁠–⁠63, the night (as appears from the original prologue) on which it was first acted. Dryden has a copy of verses to the Countess of Castlemaine on her encouraging his first play. —⁠B. ↩

  1707. Mrs. Stuart. ↩

  1708. The Court theatre was so far public that persons could get in by payment. ↩

  1709. Barber-Surgeons’ Hall is in Monkwell Street. ↩

  1710. Christopher Terne, M.D., born in Cambridgeshire; M.D. Leyden; Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, 1655; Lecturer on Anatomy at Barber-Surgeons’ Hall, Assistant-Physician to St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, and one of the original Fellows of the Royal Society. He lived in Lime Street, and died there December 1st, 1673. ↩

  1711. This famous picture, which is still in the possession of the Company, was exhibited at the Tudor Exhibition, 1889. It is supposed to have been planned by Holbein, but finished by another painter. There is no trace of Holbein’s hand in the heads on the left of the king. The picture appears to have been injured at the time of the Great Fire, and Pepys had some thoughts of buying it (see Diary, August 29th, 1668). ↩

  1712. The Royal Society. For notes on the Dutch and English yachts, see note 648 and note 784. ↩

  1713. This matter appears to have fallen through, as there is no evidence that Sir William Penn was joined with Sir J. Minnes in the office of Comptroller. ↩

  1714. Cooper, who taught Pepys arithmetic, and previously had been mate of the Royal Charles, was appointed master of the Reserve, August 7th, 1662, but he does not appear to have got on well with the captain, and in March, 1663, he was turned out of his place (see Diary, March 24th). The captain (Robert Holmes), although a very distinguished officer, was an unpopular man. Andrew Marvell called him the “cursed beginner of the Dutch Wars,” describing him as “first an Irish livery boy, then a highwayman, now Bashaw of the Isle of Wight,” who had “got in bonds and by rapine, £100,000” (Seasonable Argument, 1677). Holmes (born 1622) was knighted March, 1666. He died 1692, and was buried at Yarmouth, Isle of Wight. ↩

  1715. Jane, wife of Lord Gerard (see ante, January 1st, 1662⁠–⁠63). The king had previously put a slight upon Lady Gerard, probably at the instigation of Lady Castlemaine, as the two ladies were not friends. On the 4th of January of this same year Lady Gerard had given a supper to the king and queen, when the king withdrew from the party and proceeded to the house of Lady Castlemaine, and remained there throughout the evening (see Steinman’s Memoir of Barbara, Duchess of Cleveland, 1871, p. 47). ↩

  1716. Algernon Sidney, one of the Commissioners sent to Sweden and Denmark by Richard Cromwell in 1659. Pepys went to the Sound in the Naseby with Sir Edward Montagu. ↩

  1717. These letters are printed in Thurloe’s State Papers, vol. vii. One was from Charles II, and the other from Sir Edward Hyde. —⁠B. ↩

  1718. Henry Slingsby, see note 942. ↩

  1719. Peter Blondeau, see note 943. ↩

  1720. Thomas Simon. ↩

  1721. There were three brothers of the name of Rotier, all medallists, who were rivals of the famous Simon⁠—John, Joseph, and Philip. The last-named represented Frances Stuart (subsequently Duchess of Richmond), under the form of Britannia, on the reverse of a large medal with the king’s head (see Diary, February 25th, 1666⁠–⁠67). The Rotiers were Frenchmen, and not Germans. ↩

  1722. Although modern numismatists may smile at the preference given by Mr. Slingsby to Rotier’s coins, Pepys’s remark that Oliver’s crowns were then selling at 25s. or 30s. is very curious, for it is to this day considered doubtful whether these beautiful pieces by Simon were current coin or pattern pieces. Snelling, in his Silver Coinage, 1762, calls them “very scarce,” and so they remain, as the prices which they still bring at sales seem to show, varying from £2 10s. to £11, according to condition.

    Mr. Joseph Gibbs of the Inner Temple, who kindly furnished the above remarks, has one of the crowns without any flaw, for which he paid £4 18s.; and Mr. Cureton, the coin collector, had six sets of these moneys at the time he was robbed and nearly murdered, in the winter of 1S50. Pepys’s evidence of the high value of the crowns in 1663 strengthens the idea that they were pattern pieces only. There is a tradition that the die became cracked across the neck after a few impressions were struck, which having been considered ominous, the issue was stopped; but the truth of the story must still remain matter of conjecture. —⁠B. ↩

  1723. Bewpers is the old name for bunting. ↩

  1724. For ingenious. The distinction of the two words ingenious and ingenuous by which the former indicates mental, and the second moral qualities, was not made in Pepys’s day. ↩

  1725. The old Admiralty Court was formerly held on St. Margaret’s Hill, in part of the old church of St. Margaret, and was removed to Doctors’ Commons about 1675. ↩

  1726. Dr. Thomas Exton, Dean of the Arches and Judge of the Admiralty Court. —⁠B. ↩

  1727. Sir John Robinson. ↩

  1728. Sir Giles Strangways, M.P. for Dorsetshire, or John Strangways, M.P. for Bridport. ↩

  1729. Probably Sir Richard Lloyd, M.P. for Radnorshire. —⁠B. ↩

  1730. A fool, or heavy stupid fellow. “What makes you stare so, bufflehead!”⁠—Plantus’s Comedies Made English, 1694. “Buffle-headed” was also used to signify stupid. ↩

  1731. Cannon Street. ↩

  1732. There is a token of “the coffeehouse at the west end of St. Paul’s London,” which is probably the house referred to by Pepys (see Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 736). ↩

  1733. Great dissatisfaction was felt by the Presbyterians in Ireland with the action of the English Commissioners appointed to hear causes in connection with the Act of Settlement. ↩

  1734. See note 917. ↩

  1735. Sir Robert Long, who came of an ancient family in Wiltshire, had been secretary to Charles II during his exile, and was subsequently made Auditor of the Exchequer and a Privy Councillor, and created a baronet in 1662, with remainder to his nephew James. He died unmarried in 1673. —⁠B. ↩

  1736. Mrs. Ferrers. ↩

  1737. Colonel Williams⁠—“Cromwell that was”⁠—appears to have been Henry Cromwell, grandson of Sir Oliver Cromwell, and first cousin, once removed, to the Protector. He was seated at Bodsey House, in the parish of Ramsey, which had been his father’s residence, and held the commission of a colonel. He served in several Parliaments for Huntingdonshire, voting, in 1660, for the restoration of the monarchy; and as he knew the name of Cromwell would not be grateful to the Court, he disused it, and assumed that of Williams, which had belonged to his ancestors; and he is so styled in a list of knights of the proposed Order of the Royal Oak. He died at Huntingdon, 3rd August, 1673. (Abridged from Noble’s Memoirs of the Cromwells, vol. i, p. 70.) —⁠B. ↩

  1738. Lord Rutherford was created Earl of Teviot in 1663, and Pepys refers to him sometimes as Lord Rutherford and sometimes as Lord Tiviot. See note 1630. ↩

  1739. The thermometer was invented in the sixteenth century, but it is disputed who the inventor was. The claims of Santorio are supported by Borelli and Malpighi, while the title of Cornelius Drebbel is considered undoubted by Boerhaave. Galileo’s air thermometer, made before 1597, was the foundation of accurate thermometry. Galileo also invented the alcohol thermometer about 1611 or 1612. Spirit thermometers were made for the Accademia del Cimento, and described in the Memoirs of that academy. When the academy was dissolved by order of the Pope, some of these thermometers were packed away in a box, and were not discovered until early in the nineteenth century. Robert Hooke describes the manufacture and graduation of thermometers in his Micrographia (1665). ↩

  1740. See note 1071. ↩

  1741. Stemples, cross pieces which are put into a frame of woodwork to cure and strengthen a shaft. ↩

  1742. See note 678. ↩

  1743. A villain or scoundrel; the cant term for a thief. ↩

  1744. See note 88. ↩

  1745. The company drove round and round the Ring in Hyde Park. The following two extracts illustrate this, and the second one shows how the circuit was called the Tour:

    “Here (1697) the people of fashion take the diversion of the Ring. In a pretty high place, which lies very open, they have surrounded a circumference of two or three hundred paces diameter with a sorry kind of balustrade, or rather with postes placed upon stakes but three feet from the ground; and the coaches drive round this. When they have turned for some time round one way they face about and turn t’other: so rowls the world!”

    Wilson’s Memoirs, 1719, p. 126

    “It is in this Park where the Grand Tour or Ring is kept for the Ladies to take the air in their coaches, and in fine weather I have seen above three hundred at a time.”

    Macky’s Journey Through England, 1724, vol. i, p. 75

    ↩

  1746. Benjamin Laney, S.T.P., chaplain in ordinary to Charles I; made Bishop of Peterborough, 1660; translated to Lincoln, 1662⁠–⁠63; and to Ely, 1667. Died January 24th, 1674⁠–⁠75. ↩

  1747. Edward Rainbow, S.T.P., chaplain to the king, Master of Magdalene College, 1642 to 1650, when he was ejected. Restored 1660, remained till 1664, Dean of Peterborough, Jan. 1660⁠–⁠61 to 1664, when he became Bishop of Carlisle. Died March 26th, 1684. ↩

  1748. There is a token of William Smith at the Royal Oak “in Lumber Street,” 1666. —⁠Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 660 ↩

  1749. Alexander Brome, an attorney in the Lord Mayor’s Court, born 1620, author of many songs and epigrams in ridicule of the Rump. He was also author of a comedy entitled The Cunning Lovers, and of a translation of portions of Horace. His Songs and Poems were collected, 1661 (second edition, 1664; third edition, 1668). He died June 30th, 1666, and his death is recorded in the Diary on July 3rd. He edited Richard Brome’s plays, but he was apparently no relation of that dramatist. Edward Phillips, in his Theatrum Poetarum, styles him “the English Anacreon.” ↩

  1750. Haut Brion, a claret; one of the first growths of the red wines of Médoc. ↩

  1751. Afterwards Sir William Walker and Sir Robert Wiseman. —⁠B. ↩

  1752. Jonas Shish (born 1605) succeeded Christopher Pett as master shipwright at Deptford in 1668, and died May, 1680. Evelyn held Shish in high esteem, and was one of the pallbearers at his funeral. Evelyn described him as “one who can give very little account of his art by discourse, and is hardly capable of reading, yet of great ability in his calling. The family have been ship carpenters in this yard above 100 yeares.” (March 3rd, 1667⁠–⁠68). ↩

  1753. Selden’s work was highly esteemed, and Charles I made an order in council that a copy should be kept in the Council chest, another in the Court of Exchequer, and a third in the Court of Admiralty. The book Pepys refers to is Nedham’s translation, which was entitled, Of the Dominion or Ownership of the Sea. Two Books⁠ ⁠… , written at first in Latin and entituled Mare Clausum, by John Selden. Translated into English by Marchamont Nedham. London, 1652. This has the Commonwealth arms on the title-page and a dedication “To the Supreme Autoritie of the Nation⁠—The Parliament of the Commonwealth of England.” The dedication to Charles I in Selden’s original work was left out. Apparently a new title-page and dedication was prepared in 1663, but the copy in the British Museum, which formerly belonged to Charles Killigrew, does not contain these additions. ↩

  1754. The Duke of Monmouth’s “lodgings near Charing Cross” were probably in Hedge Lane, now Dorset Street. “Monmouth Court” preserves the memory of his residence. The king gave his son apartments in Whitehall, and Mr. Marshall, in his work on Tennis (pp. 87, 88), quotes from Harl. MS. 1618, fol. 224, a reference to “Charges in doing divers workes in making lodgings in the old Tennis Court at Whitehall for ye Duke of Monmouth,” June, 1664. ↩

  1755. The arms granted to the Duke of Monmouth, April 8th, 1665, were Quarterly, i and iv; Ermine, on a pile gu. three lions passant gardant or; ii and iii, or, an inescutcheon of France, within a double tressure flory counter flory, gu. On the 22nd of April, 1667, another grant was made to the duke of the arms of Charles II, with a baton sinister arg.; over all, an inescutcheon of Scott. The present Duke of Buccleuch bears these arms quarterly. —⁠B. ↩

  1756. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher. ↩

  1757. A salt eel is a rope’s end cut from the piece to be used on the back of a culprit. “Yeow shall have salt eel for supper” is an emphatic threat. ↩

  1758. Pembleton, the dancing-master, made Pepys very jealous, and there are many allusions to him in the following pages. His lessons ceased on May 27th. ↩

  1759. George Stradling, eighth son of Sir John Stradling, Bart., prebendary of St. Paul’s, 1660; rector of Fulham, January 11th, 1660⁠–⁠61; D.D., 1661; rector of Hanwell and Brentford, February 25th, 1661⁠–⁠62; prebendary of Westminster, 1663; vicar of St. Bride’s, London, April 23rd, 1672; dean of Chichester, December 21st, 1672. He died April 18th, 1688, and was buried in Westminster Abbey (see Chester’s Westminster Abbey Registers, pp. 220⁠–⁠221). ↩

  1760. “Evangelium Armatum. A Specimen, or Short Collection of several Doctrines and Positions destructive to our Government, both Civil and Ecclesiastical, preached and vented by the known leaders and abettors of the pretended Reformation, such as Mr. Calamy, Mr. Jenkins, Mr. Case, Mr. Baxter, Mr. Caryll, Mr. Marshall and others.” London: Printed for William Garret, 1663, 4to. —⁠B. ↩

  1761. Arthur Browne, captain of the Rosebush. ↩

  1762. Colonel Fitzgerald, Deputy-Governor of Tangier. Pepys speaks of him in disparaging terms on October 20th, 1664, although in 1668 (August 7th) he was pleased both with the colonel and with his discourse. ↩

  1763. William Stankes, bailiff of Robert Pepys’s land, who died September, 1668. ↩

  1764. The Tower menagerie, with its famous lions, which was one of the chief sights of London, and gave rise to a new English word, was not abolished until the early part of the present century. ↩

  1765. There is a halfpenny token of Mr. Game with this inscription: “John Game at the Coach and Horses in Aldgate” (Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 520). ↩

  1766. John Dawes, son of Sir Thomas Dawes of Putney. The marriage licence of John Dawes of St. Olave, Hart Street, bachelor, aged thirty, and Christian Hawkins, spinster, aged sixteen, is dated April 21st, 1663. It is stated that the bride’s parents were dead, but that she was living with her aunt, the wife of Rickard of St. Olave, merchant, who gave her consent (Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, 1887, col. 386). ↩

  1767. Sir Andrew Rickard, an East India merchant, chairman of the East India and Turkey Companies, alderman and sheriff of London; knighted July 10th, 1662. He died very wealthy on September 5th, 1672, aged sixty-eight years, leaving one only daughter, married to John, Lord Berkeley of Stratton. The funeral took place at St. Olave’s, Hart Street, September 17th, where a monument was erected to his memory (Smith’s Obituary, p. 96). ↩

  1768. Pembleton. See May 8th, 1663. ↩

  1769. Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick, Lord High Admiral for the Parliament, 1643⁠–⁠45, 1648⁠–⁠49. He died April 18th, 1658. ↩

  1770. This was the first Drury Lane Theatre. It is generally stated, on the authority of Downes’s Roscius Anglicanus, that Killigrew’s company opened this theatre on April 8th, but this passage proves that opening did not occur until a month later. The theatre was burned in 1672, and at once rebuilt. It was reopened March 26th, 1674. ↩

  1771. Somerset House was greatly improved at this time for the use of Queen Henrietta Maria. Cowley and Waller both wrote verses on “the Queen’s repairing Somerset House,” and Cowley makes the building say

    “And now I dare
    Ev’n with the proudest palaces compare.”

    ↩

  1772. Archbishop Ussher’s Body of Divinity, or Summe and Substance of the Christian Religion Catechistically Propounded, was first published in 1645, and several editions have since been issued. ↩

  1773. Drury Lane. See note 1770. ↩

  1774. Respecting this passage Dr. Hueffer wrote, in his article “Mr. Pepys the Musician” (Italian and Other Studies, 1883, p. 266), “Here at a very primitive period of dramatic music in England we find foreshadowed the idea carried out at the Wagner Theatre at Bayreuth, the idea of the invisible orchestra.⁠ ⁠… Mr. Pepys’s censure, it should be remembered, applies to a time when ‘musique,’ both orchestral and choral, was executed on a small scale; had he known the gigantic bands of modern days, perhaps he would have judged differently.” ↩

  1775. Walter Clun, famous in the character of Iago, acted the part of the Lieutenant at the opening of Drury Lane Theatre, that is, if Downes is to be relied upon, but as he makes the mistake of fixing that occasion on April 8th, he may not be right as to this. ↩

  1776. The value of the piece of eight was fixed at 4s. 9d. ↩

  1777. As long as the game of Pall Mall was played in St. James’s Park the enclosed Mall was kept with great care:

    “Here a well-polish’d Mall gives us the joy
    To see our Prince his matchless force employ.”

    Waller, a Poem On St. James’s Park as lately improved by His Majesty, 1661

    ↩

  1778. Robert, Lord Bruce, succeeded as second Earl of Elgin, December 21st, 1663, and was created Baron Bruce of Skelton, Viscount Bruce of Ampthill, and Earl of Ailesbury, March 18th, 1665. He was a Privy Councillor and Gentleman of the Bedchamber to Charles II. He died October 20th, 1685, soon after his appointment as Lord Chamberlain to James II. ↩

  1779. Edward, second Lord Montagu of Boughton, succeeded his father, who had been created a baron by James I in 1645, and died, January 10th, 1683, leaving a son, the Hon. Ralph Montagu, afterwards Duke of Montagu. ↩

  1780. William Montagu was Attorney-General to the Queen, having been appointed to that office in June, 1662. He was appointed Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer in 1676, but discharged from the office by James II in 1686 as not sufficiently subservient. He died, 1707, aged eighty-nine years. ↩

  1781. Montagu Bertie, who succeeded as second Earl of Lindsey in 1642. His mother was Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Montagu, first Lord Montagu of Boughton. ↩

  1782. Charles and Thomas Porter. The latter was engaged in a fatal duel with Sir H. Bellasis; see July 29th, August 8th and 12th, 1667. ↩

  1783. An allusion to Aretin’s infamous letters and sonnets accompanying the as infamous Postures engraved by Marc Antonio from the designs of Julio Romano (Steinman’s Memoir of Barbara, Duchess of Cleveland, privately printed, 1871). ↩

  1784. The Earl of Southampton. ↩

  1785. Thomas Ross, Monmouth’s tutor, put the idea into his head that Charles II had married his mother. The report was sedulously spread abroad, and obtained some kind of credence, until, in June, 1678, the king set the matter at rest by publishing a declaration, which was entered in the Council book and registered in Chancery. The words of the declaration are: “That to avoid any dispute which might happen in time to come concerning the succession of the Crown, he (Charles) did declare, in the presence of Almighty God, that he never gave, nor made any contract of marriage, nor was married to Mrs. Barlow, alias Waters, the Duke of Monmouth’s mother, nor to any other woman whatsoever, but to his present wife, Queen Catherine, then living.” ↩

  1786. The conspiracy of Sir Charles Berkeley, Lord Arran, Jermyn, Talbot, and Killigrew to traduce Anne Hyde was peculiarly disgraceful, and the conduct of all the actors in the affair of the marriage, from Lord Clarendon downwards, was far from creditable (see Lister’s Life of Clarendon, ii 68⁠–⁠79) ↩

  1787. The word chouse appears to have been introduced into the language at the beginning of the seventeenth century. In 1609, a Chiaus sent by Sir Robert Shirley, from Constantinople to London, had chiaused (or choused) the Turkish and Persian merchants out of £4,000, before the arrival of his employer, and had decamped. The affair was quite recent in 1610, when Jonson’s Alchemist appeared, in which it is alluded to:

    D. What do you think of me? That I am a Chiaus?
    Face What’s that?
    D. The Turk was here. As one would say, do you think I am a Turk.
    Alch., i 2

    (Nares’s Glossary.) ↩

  1788. James Ley, third Earl of Marlborough, admiral in the East Indies, and commissioner to receive Bombay from the Portuguese. He was killed in the great sea-fight with the Dutch, June 3rd, 1665. ↩

  1789. These letters about the Brampton estate are preserved in the Bodleian Library (Rawlinson MSS. A. 191). ↩

  1790. The king said to la belle Stuart, who resisted all his importunities, that he hoped he should live to see her “ugly and willing” (Lord Dartmouth’s note to Burnet’s Own Time, vol. i, p. 436, ed. 1823). ↩

  1791. Henry Slingsby was Deputy Master of the Mint, but according to Ruding, the Controller during the reign of Charles II was James Hoare. Ruding does not mention anyone of the name of Howard as holding that office. ↩

  1792. Professor W. C. Roberts-Austen, C.B., F.R.S., chemist to the Royal Mint, refers to Pepys’s Diary and to Blondeau’s machine in his Cantor Lectures on Alloys Used for Coinage, printed in the Journal of the Society of Arts (vol. xxxii). He writes, “The hammer was still retained for coining in the Mint in the Tower of London, but the question of the adoption of the screw-press by the Moneyers appears to have been revived in 1649, when the Council of State had it represented to them that the coins of the Government might be more perfectly and beautifully done, and made equal to any coins in Europe. It was proposed to send to France for Peter Blondeau, who had invented and improved a machine and method for making all coins ‘with the most beautiful polish and equality on the edge, or with any proper inscription or graining.’ He came on the 3rd of September, and although a Committee of the Mint reported in favour of his method of coining, the Company of Moneyers, who appear to have boasted of the success of their predecessors in opposing the introduction of the mill and screw-press in Queen Elizabeth’s reign, prevented the introduction of the machinery, and consequently he did not produce pattern pieces until 1653.⁠ ⁠… It is certain that Blondeau did not invent, but only improved the method of coining by the screw-press, and I believe his improvements related chiefly to a method for ‘rounding the pieces before they are sized, and in making the edges of the moneys with letters and graining,’ which he undertook to reveal to the king. Special stress is laid on the engines wherewith the rims were marked, ‘which might be kept secret among few men.’ I cannot find that there is any record in the Paris mint of Blondeau’s employment there, and the only reference to his invention in the Mint records of this country refers to the ‘collars,’ or perforated discs of metal surrounding the ‘blank’ while it was struck into a coin. There is, however, in the British Museum a MS. believed to be in Blondeau’s hand, in which he claims his process, ‘as a new invention, to make a handsome coin, than can be found in all the world besides, viz., that shall not only be stamped on both flat sides, but shall even be marked with letters on the thickness of the brim.’ The letters were raised. The press Blondeau used was, I believe, the ordinary screw-press, and I suppose that the presses drawn in Akerman’s well-known plate of the coining-room of the Mint in the Tower, published in 1803 [Microcosm of London, vol. ii, p. 202], if not actually the same machines, were similar to those erected in 1661⁠–⁠62 by Sir William Parkhurst and Sir Anthony St. Leger, wardens of the Mint, at a cost of £1,400, Professor Roberts-Austen shows that Benvenuto Cellini used a similar press to that attributed to Blondeau, and he gives an illustration of this in his lecture (p. 810). In a letter to the editor the professor writes: “Pepys’s account of the operations of coining, and especially of assaying gold and silver, is very interesting and singularly accurate considering that he could not have had technical knowledge of the subject.” ↩

  1793. The Commonwealth coins (stamped with the cross and harp, and the inscription, “The Commonwealth of England”) were called in by proclamation, September, 1660, and when brought to the Mint an equal amount of lawful money was allowed for them, weight for weight, deducting only for the coinage (Ruding’s Annals of the Coinage, 18 19, vol. iii, p. 293). The harp was taken out of the naval flags in May, 1660. ↩

  1794. In the minutes of the Royal Society is the following entry: “June 11, 1662. Dr. Pett’s brother showed a draught of the pleasure boat which he intended to make for the king” (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. i, p. 85). Peter Pett had already built a yacht for the king at Deptford. ↩

  1795. This book was Playford’s Music’s Recreation on the Lyra Viol, Containing 100 Ayres, Corants and Sarabands for the Lone Lyra Viol, with Instructions for Beginners, printed 1656. This title is given in a catalogue of Playford’s publications at the end of the third book of Henry Lawes’s Select Ayres and Dialogues, 1669. Several editions, or reissues of this edition with changed title-pages and dates, were issued by Playford. (From information kindly supplied to the editor by Mr. J. E. Matthew.) ↩

  1796. The Royal African or Guinea Company of Merchants was founded 14 Car. II (1662). The limits of jurisdiction are defined in the charter as from Salee in South Barbary to the Cape of Good Hope. A new charter was granted in 1672, but in 1697 free trade to Africa was granted by parliament, and the company fell into decay. It was revived by a new act in the reign of Queen Anne (1708⁠–⁠9). An act for extending and improving the trade in Africa was passed 23 Geo. II (1754); but in 1821 the charter of incorporation of the society was recalled by parliament (1 and 2 Geo. IV, c. 28). In Strype’s Stow (book v) there is an account of the company, where the arms are described. The African House was in Leadenhall Street. ↩

  1797. Robert Montagu, Viscount Mandeville. He was appointed Envoy Extraordinary to Paris on this special mission in May, 1663. He succeeded his father as third Earl of Manchester in 1671, and died March 14th, 1683. ↩

  1798. These “fancies” appear to have been light airs, but their character has not been accurately defined. Falstaff, when speaking of Justice Shallow, says: “ ’a came ever in the rearward of the fashion, and sung those tunes to the overscutched huswives that he heard the carmen whistle, and sware they were his fancies or his good nights” (2 Henry IV, act iii, sc. 2). There is an interesting anecdote connected with these fancies in North’s Memories of Music (ed. Rimbault, 1846, p. 103): “King Charles the Second was a professed lover of music, but of this kind onely [light French style], and had an utter detestation of Fancies, and the less for a successless entertainment of that kind given him by Secretary Williamson, after which the Secretary had no peace, for the King (as his way was) could not forbear whetting his wits upon the subject of the fancy music, and its patron the Secretary.” Dr. Hueffer, in his “Mr. Pepys the Musician,” refers to Fancies, and is inclined to connect them with the Fantasia (Italian and Other Studies, 1883, p. 256). ↩

  1799. This word is here used as an optical term, and signifies the image painted on the retina of the eye, and the rays of light reflected from the several points of the surface of objects. —⁠B. ↩

  1800. 16 Car. II, cap. 4, “An Act to prevent and suppress seditious Conventicles.” It was enacted that anyone of the age of sixteen or upwards present at an unlawful assembly or conventicle was to incur fine or imprisonment. A conventicle was defined as an assembly of more than five persons besides the members of a family met together for holding worship not according to the rites of the Church of England. The act was amended 22 Car. II, cap. 1 (1670), and practically repealed by the Toleration Act of 1689, but the act 22 Car. II, cap. 1, was specially repealed 52 Geo. III, cap. 155, s. 1. ↩

  1801. Sir Balthazar Gerbier, born at Antwerp, 1592. He published many works connected with architecture, and was as much a painter as an architect. In 1649 ne opened an academy at Bethnal Green, in which he professed to teach, in addition to the more common branches of education, “astronomy, navigation, architecture, perspective, drawing, limning, engraving, fortification, fireworks, military discipline, the art of well speaking and civil discipline,” etc. etc. He also started in Whitefriars an academy for foreign languages. His “Counsel and Advise to all Builders” has forty-one separate dedicatory epistles to the Queen-mother, the Duke of York, Prince Rupert, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Earl of Clarendon, and a long list of the nobility and gentry, ending with the courteous reader. Gerbier died 1667. ↩

  1802. A comedy, by Sir Robert Stapylton, which was acted with applause, although Dryden made some unflattering criticisms on its construction. There does not appear to be any record of Mrs. Gosnell as an actress outside the Diary. According to Genest, Mrs. Betterton took the character of Pyramena on May 28th, the day before that mentioned in the text. ↩

  1803. Mary Moders, alias Stedman, a notorious impostor, who pretended to be a German princess. Her arrival as the German princess “at the Exchange Tavern, right against the Stocks betwixt the Poultry and Cornhill, at 5 in the morning.⁠ ⁠… , with her marriage to Carleton the taverner’s wife’s brother,” are incidents fully narrated in Francis Kirkman’s Counterfeit Lady Unveiled, 1673 (Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 703). Her adventures formed the plot of a tragicomedy by T. P., entitled A Witty Combat, or the Female Victor, 1663, which was acted with great applause by persons of quality in Whitsun week. Mary Carleton was tried at the Old Bailey for bigamy and acquitted, after which she appeared on the stage in her own character as the heroine of a play entitled The German Princess. Pepys went to the Duke’s House to see her on April 15th, 1664. The rest of her life was one continued course of robbery and fraud, and in 1678 she was executed at Tyburn for stealing a piece of plate in Chancery Lane. ↩

  1804. See note 1292 on the three brothers Honywood. ↩

  1805. The maypole in the Strand stood on the site of the church of St. Mary-le-Strand, and was a well-known object in 1634, when Captain Bailey set up there a stand for his hackney coaches. It was taken down by the Puritans, and re-erected in the first year after Charles II’s restoration. In William Stow’s Remarks on London, 1722, it is said that Clarges the farrier set it up in honour of his daughter having arrived at the dignitv of Duchess of Albemarle, but the statement does not appear to have any authority. The maypole was of great height, but it was gradually reduced by storms of wind, and in 1717, when it was removed to Wanstead, there were only twenty feet of the pole remaining.

    “Amid that area wide they took their stand,
    Where the tall maypole once o’erlooked the Strand,
    And now (so Anne and piety ordain)
    A church collects the saints of Drury Lane.”

    Pope’s Dunciad, book ii

    St. Mary’s was the first finished of the fifty new churches to be built by Queen Anne’s act of parliament.

    “What’s not destroyed by Time’s devouring Hand?
    Where’s Troy, and where’s the Maypole in the Strand?”

    Bramston’s Art of Politicks, 1731

    ↩

  1806. The theatre which the King’s Company under Killigrew had left for the new Drury Lane Theatre was in Vere Street, Clare Market, and had previously been occupied as Gibbons’s Tennis Court. ↩

  1807. This was known as “Blood’s Plot,” and was named after Colonel Thomas Blood, afterwards notorious for his desperate attack upon the Duke of Ormond in St. James’s Street (1670) and for his robbery of the crown jewels in the Tower (1671). He died August 24th, 1680. ↩

  1808. M.P. for Weobly, and one of the proposed Knights of the Royal Oak for Herefordshire. —⁠B. ↩

  1809. Mr. Beauchamp, the goldsmith of Cheapside, is mentioned on November 14th and 19th, 1660. ↩

  1810. See note 326. ↩

  1811. William Juxon, born at Chichester, 1582; educated at Merchant Taylors’ School and at St. John’s College, Oxford; Bishop-elect of Hereford, 1633, and promoted to London in the same year; Lord High Treasurer, 1635; attended Charles I on the scaffold, and at the Restoration was made Archbishop of Canterbury. Died June 4th, 1663. ↩

  1812. Archbishop Juxon was succeeded by Dr. Gilbert Sheldon, Bishop of London. ↩

  1813. Of Childerly, near Cambridge. —⁠B. ↩

  1814. Lady Jemima Montagu, daughter to the Earl of Sandwich. This match did not come off; she married Philip Carteret. ↩

  1815. It is not easy to say what Concordance this was. It may have been the one by Robert Wickens, published at Oxford in 1655. ↩

  1816. This may be the History of the Commons War of England from 1640 to 1662, published London, 1662. ↩

  1817. Robert Bretton, D.D., vicar of St. Nicholas, Deptford. He was also rector of St. Martin’s, Ludgate, and prebendary of Cadington Minor in the diocese of London. He died February 18th, 1671⁠–⁠2. John Evelyn highly esteemed him, and grieved at his death. ↩

  1818. Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress of John Walpole of Broomsthorpe, Norfolk, married Edward Pepys of Broomsthorpe, who died December 22nd, 1663. Samuel says she was the only handsome woman “of our name.” ↩

  1819. Sir John Hebden had been knighted by Charles II at Whitehall on May 30th of this same year. He had made a fortune in Russia by trade. ↩

  1820. Hebden had been Resident to the States General of the United Provinces in 1660. ↩

  1821. See ante, May 29th. ↩

  1822. Martha Batten, aged twenty-six, was married to William Castell, of Redereth Wall, co. Surrey, shipwright, widower, aged thirty-four. The marriage licence is dated July 2nd, 1663 (Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, 1887, col. 254). ↩

  1823. Newman’s “Cambridge Concordance” was frequently reprinted, and held its own until it and all other concordances of the Bible were superseded by Cruden’s work. ↩

  1824. See note 828. Moore’s Arithmetic was first published in 1650. ↩

  1825. John Lacy in the part of Thumpe in Shirley’s The Changes, or Love in a Maze (see note 1425). ↩

  1826. It is necessary to note that this was according to the old style. ↩

  1827. A comedy by Sir Robert Howard, written in ridicule of the Puritans. ↩

  1828. Thomas Bellasyse, Viscount Fauconberg, married, 1st, Mildred Sanderson, daughter of Nicholas, Viscount Castleton, and, 2nd, Mary Cromwell, third daughter of the Protector. He was appointed one of the Council of State, 1657, and Envoy to France, 1658. Created Earl of Fauconberg, 1689, and died December 31st, 1700. Lady Fauconberg died in 1712. ↩

  1829. Masks were commonly used by ladies in the reign of Elizabeth, and when their use was revived at the Restoration for respectable women attending the theatre, they became general. They soon, however, became the mark of loose women, and their use was discontinued by women of repute. On June 1st, 1704, a song was sung at the theatre in Lincoln’s Inn Fields called “The Misses’ Lamentation for want of their Vizard Masques at the Theatre.” Mr. R. W. Lowe gives several references to the use of vizard masks at the theatre in his interesting biography, Thomas Betterton. ↩

  1830. A dramatic pastoral by John Fletcher, first acted in 1610. ↩

  1831. Pepys continued through life an admirer of Chaucer, and we have the authority of Dryden himself for saying that we owe his character of the Good Parson to Pepys’s recommendation. ↩

  1832. In Water Lane, Great Tower Street. ↩

  1833. “In 1664, there being a general report all over the kingdom of Mr. Monpesson his house being haunted, which hee himself affirming to the King and Queen to be true, the King sent the Lord Falmouth, and the Queen sent mee, to examine the truth of; but wee could neither see nor heare anything that was extraordinary; and about a year after, his Majesty told me that hee had discovered the cheat, and that Mr. Monpesson, upon his Majesty sending for him, confessed it to him. And yet Mr. Monpesson, in a printed letter, had afterwards the confidence to deny that hee had ever made any such confession.”

    Letters of the Second Earl of Chesterfield, p. 24, 1829, 8vo.

    Joseph Glanville published a relation of the famous disturbance at the house of Mr. Monpesson, at Tedworth, Wilts, occasioned by the beating of an invisible drum every night for a year. This story, which was believed at the time, furnished the plot for Addison’s play of The Drummer, or the Haunted House. In the Mercurius Publicus, April 16⁠–⁠23, 1663, there is a curious examination on this subject, by which it appears that one William Drury, of Uscut, Wilts, was the invisible drummer. —⁠B. ↩

  1834. Sir Francis Clerke was M.P. for Rochester in the Parliament of 1661. ↩

  1835. Sir Richard Temple, of Stowe, Bart., M.P. for Buckingham, and K.B. Died 1694. —⁠B. ↩

  1836. In the same spirit, long after this, some question arising as to the best material to be used in building Westminster Bridge, Lord Chesterfield remarked, that there were too many wooden piers (peers) at Westminster already. —⁠B. ↩

  1837. Captain Allen, afterwards Sir Thomas Allen; Captain Smith, afterwards Sir Jeremy Smith; Captain Beach, afterwards Sir Richard Beach, captain of the Crown in 1661. Up to 1672, when he became a rear-admiral, he had commanded the York, the Leopard, the Fairfax, the Greenwich, and the Hampshire. In 1679 he was appointed Commissioner-resident at Portsmouth, and held the office till 1693, when he was moved to be Comptroller of Stores (Duckett’s Naval Commissioners, 1889, p. 61). ↩

  1838. Captain Holmes, afterwards Sir Robert Holmes. Captain Batts was described by the Duke of York as “a very stout man” (see January 2nd, 1667⁠–⁠68). ↩

  1839. Paternoster Row, now famous as the headquarters of the publishing houses, was at this time chiefly inhabited by mercers. “This street, before the Fire of London, was taken up by eminent Mercers, Silkmen and Lacemen; and their shops were so resorted to by the nobility and gentry in their coaches, that oft times the street was so stop’d up that there was no passage for foot passengers” (Strype’s Stow, book iii, p. 195) ↩

  1840. See note 1415. ↩

  1841. See July 1st, 1663. ↩

  1842. Sir William Rider’s house was known as Kirby Castle, and was supposed to have been built in 1570 by John Thorpe for John Kirby. It was associated in rhyme with other follies of the time in bricks and mortar, as recorded by Stow:

    “Kirkebyes Castell, and Fisher’s Follie,
    Spinila’s pleasure, and Megse’s glorie.”

    The place was known in Strype’s time as the “Blind Beggar’s House,” but he knew nothing of the ballad, “The Beggar’s Daughter of Bednall Green,” for he remarks, “perhaps Kirby beggared himself by it.” Sir William Rider died at this house in 1669. ↩

  1843. He was natural son of Philip IV, King of Spain, who, after his father’s death in 1665, exerted his whole influence to overthrow the Regency appointed during the young king’s minority. —⁠B. ↩

  1844. Probably the wine-house in Cannon Row, Westminster. ↩

  1845. See note 1042. ↩

  1846. George Digby, second Earl of Bristol, born 1612, succeeded his father in 1653; died March 20th, 1677⁠–⁠8. He was Lord Clarendon’s greatest enemy. ↩

  1847. Robert, fourth Lord Spencer, and second Earl of Sunderland, did actually marry Lady Anne Digby, second daughter, and eventually heir of Lord Bristol, shortly after this date. He was ambassador to Spain, 1671⁠–⁠72; ambassador to Paris, 1672⁠–⁠73, 1678; Secretary of State, 1679⁠–⁠81, 1683, 1685⁠–⁠88; Lord President of the Council, 1685⁠–⁠88; K.G., 1687. Died September 28th, 1702. ↩

  1848. A letter from the Comte de Comminges, French ambassador at Whitehall, to M. de Lionne, dated “Juillet 2⁠–⁠12, 1663,” contains another account of this rumour:

    “Je vous avois mandé que le Comte de Sunderland épousoit la fille du Comte de Bristol. Il se retira le soir qu’on devoit l’épouser, et donna ordre à un de ses amis de rompre le mariage. Le procédé surprit toute la cour, et le Roi même s’en est moqué, et l’a blamé au dernier point.”

    ↩

  1849. Sir Charles Sedley, Bart., well known for his wit and profligacy, and author of several plays. He is said to have been fined £500 for this outrage. He was father to James II’s mistress, created Countess of Dorchester, and died 1701. —⁠B. ↩

  1850. Sir Robert Foster, Lord Chief Justice of the King’s Bench, had been a steady Royalist during the period of the Commonwealth, and he was rewarded with this high office almost immediately after the Restoration. He died October 4th, 1663. ↩

  1851. The details in the original are very gross. Dr. Johnson relates the story in the Lives of the Poets, in his life of Sackville, Lord Dorset: “Sackville, who was then Lord Buckhurst, with Sir Charles Sedley and Sir Thomas Ogle, got drunk at the Cock, in Bow Street, by Covent Garden, and going into the balcony exposed themselves to the populace in very indecent postures. At last, as they grew warmer, Sedley stood forth naked, and harangued the populace in such profane language, that the public indignation was awakened; the crowd attempted to force the door, and being repulsed, drove in the performers with stones, and broke the windows of the house. For this misdemeanour they were indicted, and Sedley was fined five hundred pounds; what was the sentence of the others is not known. Sedley employed [Henry] Killigrew and another to procure a remission from the King, but (mark the friendship of the dissolute!) they begged the fine for themselves, and exacted it to the last groat.” The woman known as Oxford Kate appears to have kept the notorious Cock Tavern in Bow Street at this date. ↩

  1852. For the account of this discreditable adventure, see February 22nd, 1661⁠–⁠62. ↩

  1853. This report of Don John’s death was not true. ↩

  1854. See note 1089. ↩

  1855. He was summoned to the House of Peers in 1641 (during his father’s lifetime) as Baron Digby of Sherborne. ↩

  1856. Antoine, Duc de Gramont, marshal of France, who died July 12th, 1678, aged seventy-four. His memoirs have been published. ↩

  1857. Cardinal Mazarin. ↩

  1858. Anne of Austria. ↩

  1859. Amongst others Armand Frederick de Schomberg obtained this dignity. He was general of the English forces in Portugal, and created Duke of Schomberg in 1689. ↩

  1860. St. Saviour’s Church, Southwark. ↩

  1861. Mr. J. Biddulph Martin’s valuable work, The Grasshopper in Lombard Street, 1892, contains much information about Edward Backwell. “Backwell carried on business at the Unicorn in Lombard Street, adjoining the Grasshopper; but there is some obscurity on this point. Backwell seems to have occupied both these premises, and the Grasshopper is stated to have been formerly in the tenure or occupation of Edward Backwell, Esq., afterwards of Charles Duncombe, Esq.” (p. 31). Mr. Martin supposes that by “the other two” are meant “Pope’s Head Alley to the west, and the alley opposite Abchurch Lane to the east” (p. 185). The London Gazette of June 1st, 1682, contains the following notice: “The creditors of Edward Backwell, Esq., are desired to take notice that the said Edward Backwell hath published his proposals, and that they will be delivered to them or any they shall please send for them by Mr. Richard Snagg, or by some other person, at Mr. Valentine Duncombe’s shop, where the said Edward Backwell formerly dwelt in Lombard Street” (p. 191). See ante, note 552, and post, April 12th, 1669. ↩

  1862. Sir Allen Apsley (1616⁠–⁠83), eldest son of Sir Allen Apsley, Lieutenant of the Tower. He was a zealous Royalist, and commanded the garrison at Barnstaple in 1645. After the Restoration he was made falconer to the king and almoner to the Duke of York, in whose regiment he bore a commission. He was M.P. for Thetford, 1661⁠–⁠78. He died at his house on the west side of St. James’s Square, October 15th, 1683, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. ↩

  1863. Evora, a city of Portugal, capital of the province of Alemtejo. According to the census of 1878 it had at that date a population of 13,046. ↩

  1864. See ante, June 7th, 1663. ↩

  1865. Mrs. Lemon was a daughter of Sir William Batten. ↩

  1866. Brother to the Duke of Richmond and Lennox, and almoner to the king. —⁠B. ↩

  1867. Kenrick Edisbury, Surveyor of the Navy, who died in 1638 (see ante, April 8th, 1661). ↩

  1868. Rebecca Allen, daughter of John Allen of Chatham, spinster, aged about eighteen, was married to Henry Jowles of Chatham (aged about twenty-four) in August, 1662 (Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, 1887, col. 779). ↩

  1869. James Stuart, Duke of Cambridge, second son of James, Duke of York, born July 12th, 1663; created duke, August 23rd, 1664; K.G., December 3rd, 1666. Died June 20th, 1667. ↩

  1870. There were several well-known musicians of this name. ↩

  1871. Love à la Mode was published in 1663. The preface is signed T. S., which initials are supposed to represent T. Southland. ↩

  1872. Pepys may here refer either to Essay XLI (of Fortune) or to a chapter in the Advancement of Learning. The sentence, “Faber quisque fortunæ propria,” said to be by Appius Claudian, is quoted more than once in the De Augmentis Scientiarum, lib. viii, cap. 2. ↩

  1873. Barbara, second wife of James Howard, Earl of Suffolk, eldest daughter of Sir Edward Villiers, sister of William, Viscount Grandison, and widow of the Hon. Charles Wenman. She died December, 1681, leaving one daughter, Elizabeth, who married Sir Thomas Felton, Bart. There is a portrait of her at Audley Court. ↩

  1874. Wallingford House stood on the site of the present Admiralty: it was so called after Sir William Knollys, Treasurer of the Household to Queen Elizabeth and King James, Viscount Wallingford and Earl of Banbury. The first Duke of Buckingham of the Villiers family purchased the house from Lord Wallingford in 1621⁠–⁠22. When he was Lord High Admiral he established here the office of the Admiralty. During the Protectorate the office for granting passes to persons going abroad was kept here. ↩

  1875. There has been some doubt as to the Christian name of this actor, but Mr. R. W. Lowe proves conclusively that it was Henry, and not Joseph (Thomas Betterton, p. 72). “Henry Harris, of the city of London, painter,” was one of the contracting parties in the agreement for Davenant’s Company of November 5th, 1660. He left the company, and expected to be eagerly sought after by Killigrew, but the king prevented his attaching, himself to the other house, and he had in the end to rejoin Davenant’s, company. He acted Romeo when Betterton took Mercutio. This, as Mr. Lowe remarks, seems strange, considering that Pepys says Harris was “a more ayery man” than Betterton. One would expect the “airy” man to take the character of Mercutio. Mr. Lowe supposes that Harris died or retired about 1682. ↩

  1876. Ben Jonson’s The Devil Is an Ass was first acted in 1616. ↩

  1877. In Chancery Lane, see note 600. ↩

  1878. This was afterwards changed, as it became common to adjourn the two houses over the Derby day. In May, 1849, the adjournment of the House of Commons was carried after a division. In 1892 the proposal to adjourn was negatived. ↩

  1879. Fox Hall or Vauxhall, see note 1436. ↩

  1880. Dennis Gauden, victualler to the navy; knighted when Sheriff of London, October 23rd, 1666. He was buried at Clapham, July 1st, 1688. ↩

  1881. John Gauden, D.D., born 1605, was appointed Bishop of Exeter in 1660, and translated to Worcester in 1662. He died on September 20th of the latter year. ↩

  1882. Mr. (afterwards Sir Dennis) Gauden was living at Clapham in 1655. The house mentioned in the text had its principal front facing the common, and an avenue from Wits’ Lane led to another front. After Gauden’s death the house was bought by William Hewer, and here Pepys died. It was pulled down about 1762, and on its site was built The Elms, sometime the residence of the late Sir Charles Barry, R.A. ↩

  1883. Sir William Russell, of Strensham, in Worcestershire, Bart., Treasurer of the Navy, 1618⁠–⁠27, 1630⁠–⁠42. He advanced £600 to Sir William Davenant in 1660⁠–⁠61, and had a share in the Duke’s Theatre. —⁠B. ↩

  1884. Pepys refers to his visit to this place when he was a boy and his cousin John Pepys was living here (see August 2nd, 1662). ↩

  1885. Epsom medicinal wells were discovered about 1618, but they did not become fashionable until the Restoration. John Toland, in his Description of Epsom, says that he often counted seventy coaches in the Ring (the present racecourse on the Downs) on a Sunday evening; but by the end of the eighteenth century Epsom had entirely lost its vogue. ↩

  1886. Yowell for Ewell. ↩

  1887. Nonsuch Palace was commenced by Henry VIII, and finished by the Earl of Arundel. From Lord Arundel Nonsuch passed to Lord Lumley, who subsequently sold it to Queen Elizabeth. James I settled the palace and park on Anne of Denmark, as did Charles I on Henrietta Maria. At the Restoration the palace was restored to the Queen Dowager. During the plague year of 1665 the house was fitted up for the offices of the Exchequer, and in 1670 it was granted by Charles II to the Duchess of Cleveland, who pulled down the palace, and converted the park into farms. ↩

  1888. Sir Edward Turner, M.P. for Hertford, was Speaker of this parliament. ↩

  1889. Husband to Martha Batten. ↩

  1890. A comedy by Alexander Green, published in 1663, but never acted. ↩

  1891. A mistake in the name, as Elizabeth died unmarried. This was Caroline, daughter of Sir George Carteret, who married Thomas Scott (only son and heir of Edward Scott, D.C.L.), of Scot’s Hall, co. Kent, knighted in 1663. He died about 1688, and his widow married Buncombe Abercromby. She died at Oxford, and was buried at Brabourne, December 2nd, 1722. Her portrait, after John Riley, is engraved in J. R. Scott’s Memorials of the Family of Scott of Scot’s Hall, 1876, p. 238. ↩

  1892. The marriage licence of Thomas Scott, of Scot’s Hall, co. Kent, bachelor, about twenty, and Dame Carolina de Carterett, about fifteen, is dated July 16th, 1663 (Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, 1887, col. 1197). ↩

  1893. Lady Catherine Scott, third daughter of George Goring, Earl of Norwich, and wife of Edward Scott, D.C.L., of Scot’s Hall, co. Kent. She lived twelve years apart from her husband, and it was during this period that she was supposed to have been too intimate with Prince Rupert. Proceedings instituted by her husband in the Ecclesiastical Courts for a divorce were afterwards withdrawn, and before his death and in his will he acknowledged his son Thomas and left him heir to his estate. He died at Scot’s Hall, and was buried at Smeeth, May 22nd, 1663. Lady Catherine Scott died in 1686. ↩

  1894. Anne, Sir George’s eldest daughter, married Sir Nicholas Slaning, K.B. ↩

  1895. There is a considerable amount of information concerning Petty’s double-keeled boat in Birch’s History of the Royal Society (vol. i). On November 12th, 1662, “Sir William Petty’s letter to Lord Viscount Brouncker concerning his double-bottomed cylindrical vessel was read and ordered to be registered, and he was desired to prosecute this invention and to give farther notice of the success thereof upon trial of the vessel at sea” (p. 124). On November 26th, “Sir William Petty’s second letter to the Lord Viscount Brouncker was read, giving a farther account of his new ship; as also an extract of another letter of his to Mr. Graunt, who was desired to let Sir William know that the Society was well pleased with the invention” (p. 131). The matter was again brought up at the meeting of December 10th, when several letters from Sir William Petty wereread (p. 141). On January 28th, 1662⁠–⁠63, the report of the Committee appointed November 26th, 1662, to examine and give in an account of the matter of fact concerning the structure and sailing of Sir William Petty’s new ship was read, followed by a report of its sailing on Twelfth Day (p. 183). Lord Braybrooke noted that amongst the Sloane MSS. in the British Museum there is an English satirical poem on this vessel, the title of which is, In laudem Navis Geminæ e portu Dublinii ad Regem Carolum IIdum missæ. It contains three hundred lines, and is too long and too scurrilous and worthless to print. “Petty,” observes Lodge (Peerage of Ireland, vol. ii, p. 352), “in 1663 raised his reputation still higher, by the success of his invention of the double-bottomed ship, against the judgment of all mankind. Thomas, Earl of Ossory, and other persons of honour, embarked on board this ship, which promised to excel all others in sailing, carriage, and security; but she was at last lost in a dreadful tempest, which overwhelmed a great fleet the same night.” Petty gave a model of his vessel to the Royal Society. ↩

  1896. Cabala, or an Impartial Account of the Nonconformists’ Private Designs, Actings and Ways, from August 24th, 1662, to December 25th in the Same Year. Printed in the Year 1663. Reprinted in Somers Tracts, ed. Scott, vol. vii, p. 567. ↩

  1897. The Mathias was a fourth-rate of forty guns. ↩

  1898. Christopher Wren was called in to survey the building, when he proposed extensive alterations in the fabric. Consideration on these proposals was continued until the cathedral was burnt in the Great Fire. ↩

  1899. From the minutes of the Royal Society we learn that on July 29th, 1663, Mr. Graunt read two letters from Sir William Petty concerning the success of his new ship in his sailing to Holyhead, and that he was desired to give an extract of these letters to be registered (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. i, p. 287). ↩

  1900. Mary, wife of William Joyce. ↩

  1901. The Rev. George Gifford was rector of St. Dunstan’s in the East from 1661 till his death in 1686. ↩

  1902. Dawes’s Christian name was John, and not Thomas. ↩

  1903. There is no note of this marriage in Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, 1887. ↩

  1904. Lady Penelope O’Brien, daughter of Bamabas, sixth Earl of Thomond, wife of Henry Mordaunt, Earl of Peterborough. —⁠B. ↩

  1905. See note 1690. ↩

  1906. Sir John Lenthall was the elder brother of Speaker Lenthall, and uncle of the person of the same name mentioned in the Diary, May 21st, 1660 (see note 467). He had been knighted as early as 1616, and was marshal of the Marshalsea; and, in 1655, was placed in the Commission of the Peace for Surrey by a special vote of the House of Commons, which explains his crusade against the Quakers. He died in 1668 —⁠B. ↩

  1907. A proclamation was issued for Lord Bristol’s arrest in August, see post, September 4th. ↩

  1908. A large birdcage, in which the birds can fly about; French volière. Ben Jonson uses the word volary. ↩

  1909. Lion Key, Lower Thames Street, where the famous Duchess of Suffolk in the time of Bishop Gardiner’s persecution took boat for the continent. James, Duke of York, also left the country from this same place on the night of April 20th, 1648, when he escaped from St. James’s Palace. ↩

  1910. William, son of Robert Hoole of Walkeringham, admitted of Magdalene College, June, 1648. —⁠B. ↩

  1911. Susanne de Milleville, daughter of Daniel de Milleville, Baron of Boessen in France, naturalized 1662. Sir Samuel Morland’s second wife was Carola Harsnett, whom he married October 26th, 1670. She died October 10th, 1674. His third wife (married November, 1678) was Anne Feilding (third daughter of George Feilding, of Solihull, co. Warwick), who died February 20th, 1679⁠–⁠80. He married, fourthly, Mary Ayliff, February 1st, 1686⁠–⁠87, from whom he obtained a divorce on July 16th. See Chester’s Westminster Abbey Registers. ↩

  1912. A younger son of Sir Guildford Slingsby, Comptroller of the Navy, knighted by Charles II, and afterwards created a baronet at Brussels, 1657, which title has long been extinct. —⁠B. ↩

  1913. Compare Sir Samuel Morland’s own account in his Autobiography, published by Halliwell Phillipps. —⁠B. ↩

  1914. Now Poppin’s Court, the first thoroughfare (under an archway) on the north side of Fleet Street from Ludgate Circus. Hatton (1708) calls it Poppin’s Alley, and on Strype’s map (1720) it appears as Popinjay Court. ↩

  1915. “Le Grand d’Aussy (Histoire de la vie privée de François, ed. Roquefort, 8vo, tome i, p. 161) cites this passage from Champier, who wrote in the year 1560: ‘Le concombre, quoiqu’assez recherché en France, etait cependant un aliment tres malsain, et que les habitants du Forez qui en mangeaient beaucoup etaient sujets à des fievres periodiques.’ ” “Miss Strickland thinks Mary I imported them from Spain. They were grown in England in the time of Tusser (see Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry).”

    —⁠Buckle, Common Place Book, vol. ii, pp. 377⁠–⁠78

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  1916. Robert Wild, a Nonconformist divine, published a poem in 1660 upon Monk’s march from Scotland to London, called Iter Boreale. It is written in a harsh and barbarous style, filled with clenches and ear-wickets, as the time called them, which having been in the fashion in the reigns of James I and his unfortunate son, were revived after the Restoration (Scott’s Dryden, vol. xv, p. 296). Wood mentions three other works of the same title, by Fades, Corbett, and Martin, it having been a favourite subject at that time. —⁠B. ↩

  1917. All researches after the plan of Lisbon, made for Lord Sandwich, had, until very lately, proved fruitless. A copy, however, has been discovered by Mr. Carpenter, of the British Museum, at the country house of a friend of his, and it has since been purchased for the print room of the museum. The impression is one of those taken off on white satin, at Pepys’s suggestion, but the engraver is the well-known Dirk Stoop; the passage in the Diary probably should be read: “It ought to have been better done than by jobbing.” The title agrees verbally with that given by Pepys, and the engraving contains not only Lord Sandwich’s arms, but also his portrait; he is represented as holding a measuring rod, which marks the scale of miles. In spite of Pepys’s opinion, it may be considered a fine specimen of the artist’s skill; its rarity is very great it is not mentioned in any list of Stoop’s works, nor was it known to collectors. Neither the Pepysian, nor the Royal nor the Museum collections possessed it. Lord Sandwich probably made presents only of the impressions.

    Dirk Stoop, who came to England in the suite of Catherine of Braganza, in the capacity of court painter, designed and etched a series of plates, descriptive of the ceremonials and pageants which took place on her marriage. Each etching is 1 foot 10 inches by 7 inches. A complete set is very rare; the British Museum collection, however, possesses them.

    1. “The Entrance of ye Lord Ambassador Montague into the Citty of Lisbone, ye 28th day of March, 1662.” Dedicated to the Earl of Sandwich.

    2. “The publique proceedings of ye Queenes Matie of Greate Britaine through ye Citty of Lisbone, ye 20th day of Aprill, 1662.” Dedicated to Charles II.

    3. “The manner how her Matie Dona Catherina imbarketh from Lisbon for England.” Dedicated to Francisco de Mello, Conde da Ponte.

    4. “The Duke of York’s meeting with ye Royal Navy after it came into ye Channell.” Dedicated to the Duke of York.

    5. “The manner of ye Queenes Maties landing at Portsmouth.” Dedicated to James, Duke of Ormond.

    6. “The coming of ye King’s Matie and ye Queenes from Portsmouth to Hampton-court.” No dedication.

    7. “The triumphall entertainment of ye King’s and Queenes Maties ye by ye Right Honble ye Lord Maior and Cittizens of London at their coming from Hampton Court to Whitehall (on ye River of Thames), Aug. 23, 1662.” Dedicated to Sir John Frederick, Lord Mayor.

    Walpole (or rather Vertue), who had seen only the first and sixth etchings, mentions, after Basan, that there were eight pieces. The Plan of Lisbon, just mentioned, was probably supposed to belong to the series. Dirk Stoop also etched a large portrait of the Queen, the rarity of which is so great, that only two impressions are known, viz., one in the Pepysian Library, and one recently presented to the Print Room of the British Museum, by John Heywood Hawkins, Esq., of Bignor Park. Stoop’s picture of the Procession to Whitehall has been noticed (see note 1017). —⁠B. ↩

  1918. Sir John Robinson. See October 30th, 1662. ↩

  1919. The king lay the first night at Maidenhead, and the second near Newbury. —⁠B. ↩

  1920. Mr. W. H. St. John Hope, assistant secretary of the Society of Antiquaries, has paid particular attention to the history of the municipal insignia of the City of London, and in 1891 he read a paper on the subject before that society. It appears that until 1520 the City swords were provided, not by the Chamberlain, but at the charges of the Mayor for the time being. We are told by Mr. Hope that the swords now belonging to the City of London are four in number: (1) the pearl sword, (2) the Sunday sword, (3) the Old Bailey sword, and (4) the mourning sword. No. 1 is a “fine sword said to have been given to the City by Queen Elizabeth on the occasion of the opening of the Royal Exchange in 1570.” There is, however, no mention of such a gift in the City records, neither do Stow nor other old writers notice it. The sword is certainly of sixteenth century date, and is very possibly that bought in 1554, if it be not that “verye goodly sworde” given by Sir Ralph Warren in 1545. “It has long been the custom in the City as in other places to have a sword painted black and devoid of ornament, which is carried before the Lord Mayor on occasions of mourning or special solemnity.⁠ ⁠… The present mourning sword has an old blade, but the hilt and guard, which are of iron japanned black, are of the most ordinary character and seemingly modern. The grip and sheath are covered with black velvet.” ↩

  1921. This Clerk of the Council is frequently mentioned in the Diary, where the name is usually spelt Luellin. He died in November, 1665 (see November 20th, 1665). On April 26th, 1660, Pepys gives Luellin’s Christian name as Peter. ↩

  1922. London was well supplied with water at this time (see Matthews’s Hydraulia, an Historical and Descriptive Account of the Water Works of London, 1835). ↩

  1923. It was at this time that the Earl of St. Albans planned St. James’s Square, which was first styled “The Piazza.” The “Warrant for a grant to Baptist May and Abraham Cowley on nomination of the Earl of St. Albans of several parcels of ground in Pall Mall described, on rental of £80, for building thereon a square of 13 or 14 great and good houses,” was dated September 24th, 1664. ↩

  1924. Roger L’Estrange, a voluminous writer of pamphlets and periodical papers, and translator of classics, etc. Born 1616. He was Licenser of the Press to Charles II and James II; and M.P. for Winchester in James II’s parliament. L’Estrange was knighted in the reign of James II, and died 1704. In 1663 L’Estrange set up a paper called The Public Intelligencer, which came out on August 31st, and continued to be published twice a week till January 19th, 1665, when it was superseded by the scheme of publishing the London Gazette, the first number of which appeared on February 4th following. ↩

  1925. James I having resolved to have these fields laid out in walks like Moorfields, “by a patent of November 16th, 1618,” appointed a commission “to reduce Lincoln’s Inn Fields into walks.” The commissioners called Inigo Jones to their aid. He built some of the houses (on the western side), and it has been asserted that he gave to the ground plot of the square the dimensions of the base of one of the pyramids of Egypt, but this is incorrect. Improvements had also been made in the square in 1657. ↩

  1926. Harry Goldingham represented “Arion on a dolphin’s back” in the pageantry exhibited at Kenilworth in honour of Queen Elizabeth (see Thoms’s Anecdotes and Traditions, 1839, p. 28). ↩

  1927. George Digby, second Earl of Bristol, was very vindictive against Clarendon, and when he failed in his attack on that minister Charles II was very angry, and Bristol had to retire from Court and remain in concealment for a time. The Proclamation was dated August 25th, 1663. A copy of it is in the British Museum. ↩

  1928. Bombay, which was transferred to the East India Company in 1669. The seat of the Western Presidency of India was removed from Surat to Bombay in 1685⁠–⁠87. ↩

  1929. The Prerogative Will Office was situated in Paternoster Row (or rather in Ivy Lane) before it was transferred to Doctors’ Commons. ↩

  1930. See note 917. ↩

  1931. Only daughter of Sir Gilbert Pickering, Bart., and niece of Lord Sandwich, married to John Creed in 1668. ↩

  1932. Parson’s Drove is a village in Leverington parish, Cambridge, about five miles from Wisbeach. ↩

  1933. Explained in Murray’s New English Dictionary, as “one born and bred in a place, a native,” but no other quotation is given for the word besides this passage in the Diary. ↩

  1934. Watson, in his History of Wisbeach, p. 239, names some of the printed books in the library there, but does not mention any of the MSS. Secretary Thurloe’s gallery had been erected at the expense of the Corporation, out of gratitude to him for many services rendered to the town. It is now used for the general accommodation of the inhabitants. —⁠B. ↩

  1935. Biggleswade. ↩

  1936. Baldock. ↩

  1937. Sir John Colladon, M.D., was elected an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in December, 1664. He was naturalized 14 Car. II, and was one of the Physicians to the Queen (Munk’s Roll of the Royal College of Physicians, vol. i, p. 321). ↩

  1938. Sir Edward Ford, of Harting, Sussex, Sheriff for that county, and Governor of Arundel Castle in 1642. Ob. 1670. His only daughter married Ralph Grey, Baron Grey of Werke. He was the author of a tract, entitled, Experimental Proposals how the King may have money to pay and maintain his Fleets, with ease to his people: London may be rebuilt, and all proprietors satisfied: money to be but at six percent, on pawns, and the Fishing Trade set up, which alone is able, and sure to enrich us all. And all this without altering, straining, or thwarting, any of our Laws, or Customs, now in use. 4to 1666. Repr. “Harl. Miscell.,” iv, 195. Ford was High Sheriff of Sussex, adhered to Charles I, and was knighted in 1643. In 1658, he laid down pipes to supply parts of London with water from the Thames. The second and third Lords Braybrooke descend, in the female line, from his daughter, Catherine Ford, who married Ralph, Lord Grey of Werke, their maternal ancestor. —⁠B. ↩

  1939. The Patent numbered 138 is printed in the appendix to Wheatley’s Samuel Pepys and the World He Lived In (p. 241). It is drawn in favour of John Colladon, Doctor in Physicke, and of Alexander Marchant, of St. Michall, and describes “a way to prevent and cure the smoking of Chimneys, either by stopping the tunnell towards the top, and altering the former course of the smoke, or by setting tunnells with checke within the chimneys.” Sir Edward Ford’s name does not appear in the patent. ↩

  1940. According to Collins, Henry Fitzroy, Lady Castlemaine’s second son by Charles II, was born on September 20th, 1663. He was the first Duke of Grafton. —⁠B. ↩

  1941. He lived in Hart Street, and the Navy Board had been in treaty for his house. —⁠B. ↩

  1942. Professor Silvanus P. Thompson, F.R.S., has kindly supplied me with the following interesting note on the terrella (or terella):

    The name given by Dr. William Gilbert, author of the famous treatise, De Magnete (Lond. 1600), to a spherical loadstone, on account of its acting as a model, magnetically, of the earth; compass-needles pointing to its poles, as mariners’ compasses do to the poles of the earth. The term was adopted by other writers who followed Gilbert, as the following passage from Wm. Barlowe’s Magneticall Advertisements (Lond. 1616) shows: “Wherefore the round Loadstone is significantly termed by Doct. Gilbert Terrella, that is, a little, or rather a very little Earth: For it representeth in an exceeding small model (as it were) the admirable properties magneticall of the huge Globe of the earth” (op. cit., p. 55).

    Gilbert set great store by his invention of the terrella, since it led him to propound the true theory of the mariners’ compass. In his portrait of himself which he had painted for the University of Oxford he was represented as holding in his hand a globe inscribed terella. In the Galileo Museum in Florence there is a terrella twenty-seven inches in diameter, of loadstone from Elba, constructed for Cosmo de’ Medici. A smaller one contrived by Sir Christopher Wren was long preserved in the museum of the Royal Society (Grew’s Rarities Belonging to the Royal Society, p. 364). Evelyn was shown “a pretty terrella described with all ye circles and skewing all ye magnetic deviations” (Diary, July 3rd, 1655). ↩

  1943. “Naturally grown timber or bars of iron bent to a right angle or to fit the surfaces and to secure bodies firmly together as hanging knees secure the deck beams to the sides.”

    Smyth’s Sailor’s Word-Book

    There are several kinds of knees. ↩

  1944. Pepys’s prescription for the colic:

    “Balsom of Sulphur, 3 or 4 drops in a spoonfull of Syrrup of Colts foote, not eating or drinking two hours before or after.

    “The making of this Balsom:

    “⅔ds of fine Oyle, and ⅓d of fine Brimstone, set 13 or 14 houres upon ye fire, simpring till a thicke Stuffe lyes at ye Bottome, and ye Balsom at ye topp. Take this off etc.

    “Sir Rob. Parkhurst for ye Collique.”

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  1945. Lord Braybrooke added (sic) after the words “Queen Elizabeth,” and it is not easy to know what Pepys meant. A reference to the Church History does not throw any light upon the matter. ↩

  1946. The Mr. Smith here referred to would appear to be Thomas Smith, who was Secretary of the Admiralty in 1638, about which time Sir George Carteret (then Captain Carteret) held the office of Comptroller of the Navy. ↩

  1947. Sir Charles Berkeley, mentioned before, created Lord Berkeley of Rathdown and Viscount Fitzharding in Ireland, 1663, second son to Sir Charles Berkeley of Bruton, co. Somerset; created an English peer by the titles of Lord Botetourt of Langport and Earl of Falmouth, March 6th, 1665. Killed in the great sea-fight, June 3rd, 1665. ↩

  1948. One of the clerks of the Privy Council, and secretary to the Marquis of Ormond. He was created Viscount Lanesborough. —⁠B. ↩

  1949. This is probably an allusion to the practice of not reporting the deaths of soldiers, that the officers might continue to draw their pay. —⁠B. ↩

  1950. Lord Sandwich’s housekeeper appears to have been married to a cook, but we do not know his name, as his wife is always described as “Mrs. Sarah.” ↩

  1951. “The condition of the Queen is much worse, and the physicians give us but little hopes of her recovery; by the next you will hear that she is either in a fair way to it, or dead. Tomorrow is a very critical day with her⁠—God’s will be done. The King coming to see her the [this] morning, she told him she willingly left all the world but him, which hath very much afflicted his Majesty, and all the court with him.”

    Lord Arlington to the Duke of Buckingham, Whitehall, October 17th, 1663 (Brown’s Miscellanea Aulica, p. 306)

    —⁠B. ↩

  1952. Sir William Compton (1625⁠–⁠1663) was knighted at Oxford, December 12th, 1643. He was called by Cromwell “the sober young man and the godly cavalier.” After the Restoration he was M.P. for Cambridge (1661), and appointed Master of the Ordnance. He died in Drury Lane, suddenly, as stated in the text, and was buried at Compton Wynyates, Warwickshire. ↩

  1953. “I have heard they put on the queen’s head when shee was sick, a nightcap of some sort of precious relick to recover her, and gave her extreme unction; and that my Lord Aubignie told her she must impute her recoverie to these. Shee answered not, but rather to the prayers of her husband.”

    Ward’s Diary, p. 98

    ↩

  1954. “The queen was given over by her physicians,⁠ ⁠… , and the good nature of the king was much affected with the situation in which he saw! a princess whom, though he did not love her, yet he greatly esteemed. She loved him tenderly, and thinking that it was the last time she should ever speak to him, she told him ‘That the concern he showed for her death was enough to make her quit life with regret; but that not possessing charms sufficient to merit his tenderness, she had at least the consolation in dying to give place to a consort who might be more worthy, of it and to whom heaven, perhaps, might grant a blessing that had been refused to her.’ At these words she bathed his hands with some tears which he thought would be her last; he mingled his own with hers, and without supposing she would take him at his word, he conjured her to live for his sake.”

    Grammont Memoirs, chap. vii

    ↩

  1955. This may be the Coffee House in Exchange Alley, which had for a sign, Morat the Great, or The Great Turk, where coffee was sold in berry, in powder, and pounded in a mortar. There is a token of the house, see Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 592. ↩

  1956. Sir John Robinson. ↩

  1957. The grief of Charles at the Queen’s dangerous condition was thus noticed by Waller:

    “when no healing art prevail’d,
    When cordials and elixirs fail’d,
    On your pale cheek he dropt the shower,
    Reviv’d you like a dying flower.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  1958. “Philip Harman, of St. Michael, Cornhill, gent., bachelor, about 27, and Mary Bromfeild, of St. Sepulchre, London, spinster, about 20, consent of parents⁠—at Little St. Bartholomew, London, 21 Oct., 1663”

    Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, 1887, col. 627

    ↩

  1959. Sir Francis Prujean, M.D., President of the Royal College of Physicians, 1650⁠–⁠54; Treasurer, 1655⁠–⁠63. He was born in Essex, and educated at Caius College, Cambridge; knighted April 1st, 1661, and died June 23rd, 1666. Vertue (according to Walpole) had seen a print of “Opinion sitting on a tree,” thus inscribed: “Viro clariss. Dno Francisco Prujeano Medico, omnium bonarum artium et elegantiarum fautori et admiratori summo; D. D. D. H. Peacham.” There is a portrait of Prujean by Robert Streater in the College, which was purchased in 1873 of Miss Prujean, the doctor’s last surviving descendant. (See Dr. Munk’s Roll of the Royal College of Physicians, 1878, vol. i, p. 185.) ↩

  1960. This refers to a rising in the West Riding of Yorkshire, which took place on October 12th, and was known as the Farneley Wood Plot. The rising was easily put down, and several prisoners were taken. A special commission of oyer and terminer was sent down to York to try the prisoners in January, 1663⁠–⁠64, when twenty-one were convicted and executed. (See Whitaker’s Loidis and Elmete, 1816.) ↩

  1961. The eldest son of the infamous Earl of Castlehaven had a new creation to his father’s forfeited titles, in 1634, and died s.p. 1684. Hehadserved with distinction under the Duke of Ormond, and afterwards joined Charles II at Paris. —⁠B. ↩

  1962. Leopold I, the Holy Roman Emperor, was born June 9th, 1640. He became King of Hungary in 1655, and King of Bohemia in 1658, in which year he received the imperial crown. The Princes of the German Empire watched for some time the progress of his struggle with the Turks with indifference, but in 1663 they were induced to grant aid to Leopold after he had made a personal appeal to them in the diet at Ratisbon. ↩

  1963. Edward Progers, younger son of Colonel Philip Progers, equerry to James I, was page to Charles I, and afterwards groom of the bedchamber to his son the Prince of Wales. He was banished from Charles II’s presence in 1650 by an act of the estates of Scotland, “as an evil instrument and bad counsellor of the king.” He died poor on January 1st, 1713⁠–⁠14, aged ninety-six. He is mentioned in the Grammont Memoirs as the confidant of the king’s intrigues. ↩

  1964. Second son of Richard Bateman of Hartington, co. Derby, who had been Chamberlain and M.P. for London. Sir A. Bateman was Sheriff, 1658, and Lord Mayor, 1663. He married Elizabeth Russell. His elder brother was Sir William Bateman, and his younger, Thomas, was created a baronet in 1664. ↩

  1965. The band succeeded the ruff as the ordinary civil costume. The lawyers, who now retain bands, and the clergy, who have only lately left them off, formerly wore ruffs. ↩

  1966. As the practice of eating with forks gradually was introduced from Italy into England, napkins were not so generally used, but considered more as an ornament than a necessary.

    “The laudable use of forks,
    Brought into custom here, as they are in Italy,
    To the sparing of napkins.”

    Ben Jonson, The Devil Is an Ass, act v, sc. 3

    The guests probably brought their own knife and fork with them in a case. —⁠M. B. ↩

  1967. A drink, composed usually of red wine, but sometimes of white, with the addition of sugar and spices. Sir Walter Scott (Quarterly Review, vol. xxxiii) says, after quoting this passage of Pepys, “Assuredly his pieces of bacchanalian casuistry can only be matched by that of Fielding’s chaplain of Newgate, who preferred punch to wine, because the former was a liquor nowhere spoken against in Scripture.” ↩

  1968. The City plate was probably melted during the Civil War. —⁠M. B. ↩

  1969. See in the Appendix the ambassador’s (the Comte de Comminges) account of the affront which he received, and the reparation afterwards made to him, recorded in a letter to Louis XIV, dated November 9th, 1663. ↩

  1970. The Lord Mayor’s “Show” was then after dinner. ↩

  1971. Little or nothing is known as to the particulars of the life of Ralph Greatorex, the famous mathematical instrument maker. Nothing is said in the few lines devoted to his life in the Dictionary of National Biography about his scheme for draining the fens. ↩

  1972. Shag was a stuff similar to plush. In 1703 a youth who was missing is described in an advertisement as wearing “red shag breeches, striped with black stripes.” (Planché’s Cyclopædia of Costume). ↩

  1973. Defend is used in the sense of forbid. It is a Gallicism from the French défendre. ↩

  1974. Thomas Allen was matriculated a pensioner of Trinity College, Cambridge, in December, 1648, but migrated to Caius College, of which he became a Fellow. He proceeded Bachelor of Medicine, 1654; Doctor of Medicine, 1659. He was admitted a Candidate of the College of Physicians, September 30th, 1659, and a Fellow, 1671. Dr. Allen was physician to Bethlehem Hospital, and died of dropsy in 1684 (Munk’s Roll of the Royal College of Physicians). ↩

  1975. Captain John Shales. —⁠B. ↩

  1976. Sir Edward Ford, son of Sir William Ford of Harting, born at Up Park in 1605.

    “After the Restoration he invented a mode of coining farthings. Each piece was to differ minutely from another to prevent forgery. He failed in procuring a patent for these in England, but obtained one for Ireland. He died in Ireland before he could carry his design into execution, on September 3rd, 1670.”

    Dictionary of National Biography

    ↩

  1977. Mary, daughter of Thomas, Lord Fairfax, married to the Duke of Buckingham in 1657. She died November, 1705, aged sixty-six, and was buried in Henry VII’s Chapel, Westminster Abbey. ↩

  1978. Mrs. Walter Stewart. ↩

  1979. Silas Taylor, described by A. Wood as alias Domville, was a native of Shropshire, and educated at Oxford, and became a captain in the Parliament forces. Subsequently to the Restoration he was appointed Commissary of Ammunition at Dunkirk, and in 1665 made Keeper of the King’s Stores at Harwich. He died November 4th, 1668. He was an able antiquary, and left materials for a history of Herefordshire and of Harwich. There is a MS. by Silas Taylor in the British Museum (Addit. MSS., 4910). It formerly belonged to Sir John Hawkins, who describes Taylor as well skilled in music, and a composer of two anthems, which pleased the king. (See Hawkins’s Hist. of Music, vol. iv, p. 330, and Wood’s Athenæ.) Taylor published a treatise on Gavelkind in 1663. —⁠B. Aubrey gave an account of Taylor in his Lives of Eminent Men. ↩

  1980. “ ‘Demurrage’ is the compensation due to a shipowner from a freighter for unduly decaying his vessel in port beyond the time specified in the charter-party or bill of lading. It is in fact an extended freight. A ship, unjustly detained as a prize is entitled to ‘demurrage.’ ”

    Smyth’s Sailor’s Word-Book, 1867

    ↩

  1981. John Barclay (1582⁠–⁠1621), author of the admirable and once popular romance Argenis. It is not to the credit of the readers of the present day that the book is now almost forgotten. ↩

  1982. William Berkeley (1639⁠–⁠1666), third son of Sir Charles Berkeley of Bruton, second Viscount Fitzharding in the Irish peerage, and younger brother of Charles, Earl of Falmouth. He shared with his brother the favour of the Duke of York. He was Lieutenant of the Swiftsure, 1662; Captain of the Bonaventure in the same year; Captain of the Bristol, 1663; Captain of the Resolution, 1664. Knighted October 12th, 1664, and in the following year appointed Rear-Admiral of the Red Squadron, of which Lawson was Vice-Admiral; Lieutenant-Governor of the Town and Garrison of Portsmouth. He was killed in the engagement with the Dutch, June 3rd, 1666. The entry in the Burial Register of Westminster Abbey, August, 1666, runs as follows:

    “Sir William Partly, who died honorably in his Majesty’s service at sea, and was imbalmed by the Hollanders (who had taken his body with the ship wherein he was slain) and sent over by them into England at the request and charges of his relations, was buried in the North aisle of the monuments near the door opening thereto.”

    Chester’s Westminster Abbey Registers, p. 164

    ↩

  1983. There does not appear to be the slightest ground for connecting Sir William Penn with Quakerism, and all this random talk of Mr. Blackburn should be received with some incredulity. ↩

  1984. John Rushworth, born about 1607, clerk assistant to the House of Commons, 1640, and author of the Historical Collections. He died in the King’s Bench Prison, May 12th, 1690. ↩

  1985. Captain Thomas Oates of Morley, an old officer in the Parliamentary army. He and his son Ralph Oates head the list of the leaders of the Farneley Wood Plot (see ante, October 24th), It is strange that Pepys should call Captain Oates “a great discoverer,” a description specially appropriate to Titus Oates, but at this date the latter was only twelve years of age. Lord Braybrooke wrote, “The ‘great Discoverer who did employ several to bring and seduce others into a plot,’ was probably Major Greathead, a Commonwealth officer, whom Oliver Heywood, in his Diaries, calls ‘that perfidious wretch, guilty of so much blood in the plot business’⁠—a severity of expression in which he did not often allow himself to indulge.” ↩

  1986. A hold:

    “For if you side for love or money,
    With crowns that have so oft undone ye,
    The dev’l will get a hank upon ye.”

    Hudibras Redivivus, part vi, 1706 (quoted in Nares’s Glossary)

    ↩

  1987. For note on Cornelius van Drebbel, see note 1357. ↩

  1988. The Milford was a fifth-rate of twenty-two guns, built in 1654 at Wivenhoe by Mr. Page. Its original name was Faggons (Archæologia, vol. xlviii, p. 174). ↩

  1989. A small volume by Abraham Cowley, entitled, Verses Lately Written Upon Several Occasions, was published at London in 1663. ↩

  1990. Pepys tells us on the 17th inst. that he had read the letter over to Mr. Moore. ↩

  1991. Jane Gentleman must not be confused with Jane Wayneman, who had previously been in the service of the Pepyses. ↩

  1992. The Earl of Southampton. ↩

  1993. See ante, October 24th, for note on the Farneley Wood Plot (note 1960). ↩

  1994. See ante, 17th inst., where we are told that Mr. Moore had the whole letter read to him (note 1990). ↩

  1995. Henry, fifth and youngest son of Sir Robert Killigrew, born 1612, M.A., Oxford, 1638, D.D., 1642, prebendary of Westminster, 1660, and Master of the Savoy, 1667. He was author of some plays and sermons. He died March 14th, 1699. His daughter Anne was the celebrated poetess. ↩

  1996. The “pretty boy” was Pelham Humfrey, and his anthem is printed in Boyce’s Cathedral Music. The other boys of Captain Cooke’s who could “do as much” were Michael Wise, John Blow, Thomas Tudway, William Turner, and Henry Purcell. (See Rockstro’s History of Music, 1886, p. 173.) ↩

  1997. The first part of John Rushworth’s Historical Collections was published in 1659, and an edition appeared in 1662. Henry Scobell’s Collection of Acts and Ordinances Made in the Parliament 1640⁠–⁠56 was published in 1658. ↩

  1998. “Bummary” is a synonym of “bottomry.” ↩

  1999. The Dutch church in Austin Friars. Pepys on September 29th, 1664, stated that Mr. Cutler had “bought all the Augustine Fryers.” ↩

  2000. Holehaven or Holy Haven, a creek on the south coast of Essex. Lobsters from Norway and Scotland are deposited here for conveyance up the Thames. ↩

  2001. See note 489. ↩

  2002. Whitehall Palace was situated on low ground, and it was frequently flooded. The allusion to this in Lord Buckhurst’s song is well known. ↩

  2003. Dr. Knapp was not a Fellow of the College of Physicians, and he appears to have been a quack and an impostor. ↩

  2004. See note, April 6th, 1660 (note 349). ↩

  2005. Old style. ↩

  2006. The work of Salomon Gesner, entitled, Liber quatuor de Conciliis, was published at Witemberg in 1601 (2 vols. 8vo). ↩

  2007. Cabala: Mysteries of State in Letters of the Great Ministers of King James and King Charles, was first published in 1654, and in 1663 a new edition appeared. ↩

  2008. Henry VIII was revived at this time with Betterton as the king and Harris as Wolsey, but Pepys’s description of the play seems to be a very inaccurate one. ↩

  2009. Quinsborough is Königsberg. It is most probable that Mr. Harrington had been reading The Travels of Master George Barkely, Merchant of London, as given by Purchas, vol. ii, pp. 625, 627. Königsberg is there spelled Kinninsburge, easily corrupted by Pepys into Quinsborough. The swallow story is found at p. 626: “One here in his net drew up a company or heape of swallows, as big as a bushell, fastened by the leg and bills in one, which being carried to their stoves, quickened, and flew, and coming again suddenly in the cold air, died.” It appears to have been generally believed. In the Advice to a Painter (1667), attributed to Sir John Denham, we find the following lines:

    “So swallows, buried in the sea at Spring,
    Return to land with Summer in their [on the?] wing.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  2010. Edward Dering was granted, August, 1660, “the office of King’s merchant in the East, for buying and providing necessaries for apparelling the Navy” (Calendar, Domestic, 1660⁠–⁠61, p. 212). There is evidence among the State Papers of some dissatisfaction with the timber, etc., which he supplied to the Navy, and at this time he appears to have had some stores left on his hands. ↩

  2011. The figurehead of the Naseby (afterwards the Charles) was fully described by Evelyn in his Diary on April 9th, 1655: “I went to see ye greate ship newly built by the Usurper Oliver, carrying 96 brasse guns and 1,000 tons burden. In ye prow was Oliver on horseback trampling 6 nations under foote, a Scott, Irishman, Dutchman, Frenchman, Spaniard and English, as was easily made out by their several habits. A Fame held a laurel over his insulting head: ye word, God with us.” ↩

  2012. See note 491. ↩

  2013. Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress of John Walpole of Broomsthorpe. ↩

  2014. The three children of John and Anne Pepys, of London and Ashstead, Surrey, were Edward Pepys, of Broomsthorpe, co. Norfolk (born 1617), Elizabeth, married to Thomas Dyke, and Jane, married to Serjeant John Turner. ↩

  2015. Sir William Turner was sheriff, 1662, and Lord Mayor, 1668. ↩

  2016. There is a farthing token of “Samuell Clever at Cock Pitt Court in Shooe Lane” (Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, p. 741). This cockpit had been famous long before Pepys’s day. There is an anecdote of Sir Thomas Jermyn (who died in 1644) and his sending a dunghill cock neatly trimmed to this cockpit, which is little to his credit, in Thoms’s Anecdotes and Traditions, 1839 (p. 47). ↩

  2017. Mr. W. Barclay Squire, B. A., of the British Museum, has kindly given the editor the following particulars respecting Humphry Madge, who is several times mentioned by Pepys. The earliest note which Mr. Squire has of Madge is in a docquet, 1661, for the allowance of immediate liveries £16 2s. 6d. each, and allowance of the like liveries yearly to Nicholas Lanier, Henry Lawes, Charles Coleman, George Hudson, David Mall, John Hingeston, Humfrey Madge, and William Gregory (State Papers). He appears as a “Musitian in Ordinary” in a list of the household attributed to July, 1663, in Calendar of State Papers (Dom. Ser., Charles II, vol. lxxvi, p. 67), but certainly earlier, as it contains the name of Henry Lawes, who died in October, 1662. Madge’s name also occurs in e.g. 2159 (Brit. Mus.), in a list endorsed, “the orders for the Musitians,” as one of the twenty-four violins under Grebus’s leadership, annexed to the order of the King’s Treasurer of February 21st, 1668⁠–⁠9. ↩

  2018. John Owen, who married a daughter of Captain John Alleyn, was Clerk of the Ropeyard at Chatham. Among the State Papers is a letter from him to Pepys, dated December 14th, asking for his warrant (Calendar, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 373). ↩

  2019. “Le mariage du Chevalier de Grammont” (says the Count d’Estrades in a letter written to Louis XIV about this time), “et la conversion de Madame de Castlemaine se sont publiez le même jour: et le Roy d’Angleterre estant tant priè par les parents de la Dame d’apporter quelque obstacle à cette action, répondit galamment que pour l’âme des Dames, il ne s’en mêloit point.” —⁠B.

    In consequence of the passing of the Test Act in 1673, the Duchess of Cleveland, who was a Roman Catholic, was no longer able to continue as one of the Ladies of the Bedchamber to Queen Catherine. ↩

  2020. Rugge adds, that the queen was in the carriage when the battle took place, her coachman striking the first blow; and that the combatants fought a long time, nobody coming to part them. The Exchange was not reopened till the man who injured the royal servant had been given up. —⁠B. ↩

  2021. Erith. ↩

  2022. It is a pity that Pepys, instead of hazarding this absurd remark, did not tell us something more about the Duke of Albemarle’s wound, no other allusion to which has been found; but perhaps he was prejudiced by the hasty and ill-founded opinion of Lord Sandwich, who, as we have seen (Diary, 3rd May 1660), termed Monk a thick-skulled fool. In fact, that great man must have possessed no slight portion of worldly wisdom and common sense. Hallam, whilst differing from Hume as to Monk’s dissimulation, regards his conduct after the king’s return as displaying his accustomed prudence. This is not a feature in the character of a thick-skulled fool. Monsieur Guizot takes a similar view of Monk’s good sound sense. —⁠B. ↩

  2023. The Guinea House appears to be another name for the house of the Royal African or Guinea Company, which Pepys tells us on November 23rd, 1663, was situated in Broad Street. A later African House was in Leadenhall Street. ↩

  2024. Rebecca Alleyn, spinster (about eighteen), daughter of John Alleyn, was married to Henry Jowles, of Chatham, Kent, bachelor (about twenty-four), in August, 1662 (Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, col. 779}. In the note on p. 5 of vol. ii the husband’s name is, by mistake, printed as Jewkes. ↩

  2025. Sir Nicholas Gold, or Gould, created a baronet in 1660, married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Garrard, Bart., of Lamers, Herts. She remarried Thomas Neal. See June 20th, 1664. —⁠B. ↩

  2026. A tragedy by the Hon. Edward Howard, now first acted, but not published until 1668. Oliver Cromwell was alluded to under the name of Damocles the Syracusan, and Hugh Peters is introduced as Hugo de Petra. ↩

  2027. When Egerton was Bishop of Durham, he often played at bowls with his guests on the public days. On an occasion of this sort, a visitor happening to cross the lawn, one of the chaplains exclaimed, “You must not shake the green, for the bishop is going to bowl.” —⁠B. ↩

  2028. Said to be written or translated by Francis Walsingham, the Jesuit. Arcana Aulica; or, Walsingham’s Manual of Prudential Maxims for the Statesman and the Courtier, London, 1652, 1655. ↩

  2029. He was buried in the church of Tattersett (St. Andrew), Norfolk. —⁠B. ↩

  2030. Sir Edward Turnour, born in Threadneedle Street in 1617; Speaker of the House of Commons, 1661⁠–⁠71; Solicitor-General, 1670; and Lord Chief Baron, 1671. Died March 4th, 1675⁠–⁠76. ↩

  2031. The real name of the knight was Elisha Leighton, whose brother Robert, Bishop of Dumblane, became, soon afterwards, the excellent Archbishop of Glasgow, and as such is more generally known. Their father, Alexander Leighton, was a rank Puritan, author of Zion’s Plea Against Prelacy, for writing which he had his ears cut off, and was exposed in the pillory in that state, with his nose also slit. Elisha was apparently euphonized into Ellis by the courtier son, who is described by Le Neve as one of the Duke of York’s servants. Pepys speaks of him as Secretary of the Prize Office, and adds, that he had been a mad, freaking fellow. See January 25th, 1664⁠–⁠65. —⁠B. Sir Ellis Leighton was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, December 9th, 1663, and admitted on December 16th. ↩

  2032. Daniel Whistler, M.D., was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, May 20th, 1663. ↩

  2033. See ante, note 1892. ↩

  2034. Four lines in a different cipher. ↩

  2035. Blanch Apleton, in Aldgate Ward, is said by Stow to have been a manor belonging, in the reign of Richard II, to Sir Thomas Roos, of Hamelake, and that in 3 Edw. IV all basket-makers, wire-drawers, and other foreigners were permitted to have shops in this manor and not elsewhere within the city or suburbs. It is enumerated (9 Hen. V) in The Partition of the Inheritance of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, under the head of “London-Blaunch-Appulton.” Hall, in his Chronicle (ed. 1548), writes it Blanchechapelton. Stow says that in the 13th of Edward I a lane behind Blanch Apleton was granted by the king to be enclosed and shut up. The name was continued in a corrupted form as Blind Chapel Court. ↩

  2036. James Turner, a solicitor, commonly called Colonel Tumor, was hanged on January 21st, 1663⁠–⁠64, at Lime Street end, for robbing Mr. Fr. Fryon (sic), merchant (Smyth’s Obituary, p. 59). ↩

  2037. The three brothers, George Hamilton, James Hamilton, and the Count Antoine Hamilton, author of the Mémoires de Grammont. ↩

  2038. Sir Richard Ford was one of the sheriffs. Tumor’s speech at his execution has been printed. London, 8vo, 1663. ↩

  2039. Sir George Ayscue or Askew. After his return from his imprisonment he declined to go to sea again, although he was twice afterwards formally appointed. He sat on the court-martial on the loss of the Defiance in 1668. ↩

  2040. Francis Osborne, an English writer of considerable abilities and popularity, was the author of Advice to a Son, in two parts, Oxford, 1656⁠–⁠8, 8vo. He died in 1659. He is the same person mentioned as My Father Osborne, October 19th, 1661. —⁠B. ↩

  2041. Mrs. Mary Cherrett, called also Madame Cherrett, lived in the Piazza. (Rate Books of St. Paul’s, Covent Garden.) Mr. George Cherrett, milliner, and Susan, his wife, were living in the Piazza in 1689. —⁠B. ↩

  2042. The Indian Queen, a tragedy in heroic verse, by Sir Robert Howard and John Dryden. It was produced with great splendour, with music composed by Purcell. ↩

  2043. There is a token of this house extant: “Will Hinton at ye Golden fleece on Corne Hill 1666” (Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 573). ↩

  2044. John Middleton, Earl of Middleton, general of the forces in Scotland. —⁠B. ↩

  2045. The king was greatly interested in the work of the Royal Society, but he liked to have his joke. An examination of Birch’s History of the Royal Society will show how much was done, and how many important investigations were opened up in the early years of the society’s history. ↩

  2046. Francis Menhil (Meynell or Maynell), goldsmith, was sheriff in 1661. (See note 1538.) ↩

  2047. Anne Marshall, a celebrated actress, and her younger sister Beck, are frequently mentioned by Pepys, who erroneously states that they were the daughters of a Presbyterian minister; Colonel Chester proved conclusively that this was not the case. Stephen Marshall, the eminent preacher, died November 19th, 1655, and at the date of his will five of his daughters were already married, three of them at least to clergymen; his remaining daughter, who proved the will and was unmarried, was named Susan (Westminster Abbey Registers, 1876, p. 149). See note 1337 on Mrs. Davenport. ↩

  2048. Mrs. Betterton, see note 1374. ↩

  2049. Apparently from the following licence they were already married:

    “Edward Pickering (Pykering), of St. Andrew’s, Holborn, bachelor, about 35, and Mrs. Dorothy Weld, of St. Giles in the Fields, spinster, about 30, and at own dispose⁠—at St. Giles in the Fields, 28 Sept. 1663”

    Chester’s London Marriage Licences, 1521⁠–⁠1869, ed. Foster, 1887, col. 1057

    ↩

  2050. Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper (1621⁠–⁠1683) had been created Baron Ashley of Wimborne St. Giles in 1661, and therefore it was not correct to designate him Cooper at this date. ↩

  2051. This was the Rose, afterwards known as Will’s Coffeehouse, after William Urwin, the landlord, where Dryden had a chair reserved for him near the fireplace in winter, which was carried into the balcony for him in summer. It was on the west side of Bow Street, and at the corner of Russell Street. In earlier passages of the Diary Pepys speaks of going to Will’s, but as he here says that he went to this coffeehouse for the first time, that must have been some other place. ↩

  2052. Probably Alderman Clutterbuck, one of the proposed knights of the Royal Oak for Middlesex. There was a Sir Thomas Clutterbuck of London, circiter 1670. —⁠B. ↩

  2053. John Colet, dean of St. Paul’s and founder of the school; born 1466, died 1519. ↩

  2054. John Wilkins, born 1614, joined the Solemn League and Covenant, 1648. He married Robinia Cromwell, sister of the Protector, in 1659. Warden of Wadham College, Oxford, 1648⁠–⁠59; Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1659; consecrated Bishop of Chester, 1668; died November 19th, 1672. He was one of the founders of the Royal Society. ↩

  2055. See note 1872. ↩

  2056. These two speeches are in the Entertainment at Rutland House, with which Sir William Davenant tried in 1656 to revive dramatic performances. We read, “The curtains are suddenly opened, and in the Rostras appear sitting a Parisian and a Londoner in the livery robes of both cities, who declaim concerning the preeminence of Paris and London.” After the Parisian has declaimed, and “after a concert of Music, imitating the Waits of London, the Londoner rises and answers.” ↩

  2057. Charles II followed his brother in the use of the periwig in the following April. ↩

  2058. Eldest son of Sir Thomas Chamberlayne, Chief Justice of Chester. He was created a baronet in 1642. ↩

  2059. Sir George Oxenden (died 1669) was then the chief factor of the East India Company. The chief seat of government was removed from Surat to Bombay in 1686. ↩

  2060. John Creed was elected and admitted a Fellow of the Royal Society, December 16th, 1663. ↩

  2061. An opulent East India merchant, residing in Lincoln’s Inn Fields. Evelyn dined with him there August 25th, 1676 (see his Diary). He says Sir John “was a merchant of small beginning, but had amassed £100,000.” ↩

  2062. The Earl of Sandwich had just moved to a house in Lincoln’s Inn Fields. Elizabeth Pickering, who afterwards married John Creed, was niece to Lord Sandwich. ↩

  2063. Mary, daughter of Henry Giffard, M.D., wife to George Nevill, ninth Earl of Abergavenny. ↩

  2064. The tables at which the king dined in public. —⁠B. ↩

  2065. See ante, February 1st, 1663⁠–⁠64. ↩

  2066. Randall Macdonnel, second Earl and first Marquis of Antrim. Died 1673 —⁠B. ↩

  2067. The Earl of St. Alban’s. ↩

  2068. It was reported that the “Handsome” Sidney was the father of the Duke of Monmouth, an opinion which was confirmed by the fact that each had a mole on the upper lip. ↩

  2069. Lord Braybrooke notes that this was Mr. Justice Waters, said to be “of the Temple” by Thurloe, but Mr. Steinman in his account of Lucy Waters (Althorp Memoirs) says that no brother of Lucy was alive in February, 1663⁠–⁠64. In the Prerogative Court entry, dated December, 1658, Anna Busfield, wife of John Busfield and aunt of Lucy Waters, is given as her next-of-kin. William Walter, who in 1663 was in the list of Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber, is not known to have been any connection, and he certainly was not brother to Lucy Waters. ↩

  2070. George, Lord Digby, second Earl of Bristol, who had been Secretary of State 1643⁠–⁠49; but by changing his religion while abroad, at the instigation of Don John of Austria, incapacitated himself from being restored to that office; and in consequence of the disappointment, which he imputed to the interference of the Lord Chancellor, conspired and effected his ruin. Charles II gave him the K.G. in 1653, the year in which Lord Digby succeeded his father as Earl of Bristol. He died March 20th, 1678. The feuds between Lords Bristol and Clarendon are frequently mentioned in the Diary. ↩

  2071. See the letter of the Comte de Comminges to Louis XIV dated January 25th, 1663⁠–⁠64, (note 1848). ↩

  2072. Denzil, Lord Holles; see note 491. ↩

  2073. Clarendon Park, near Salisbury. See August 19th, 1661. ↩

  2074. See note 1157. ↩

  2075. There is a small volume in the Pepysian Library called Shibboleth, ou, Reformation de quelques Passages de la Bible, par Jean d’Espagne; Ministre du St. Evangile, printed 1653, and dedicated to Cromwell. —⁠B. ↩

  2076. Humfrey Henchman, Bishop of Salisbury, succeeded Dr. Sheldon as Bishop of London, September, 1663. He died October 7th, 1675, aged eighty-three years. ↩

  2077. Lady Robinson was Anne, daughter of Alderman Sir George Whitmore, of Barnes, Surrey, Lord Mayor 1631. ↩

  2078. A committee was appointed in September, 1660, to consider the subject of the King’s revenue, and they “reported to the Commons that the average revenue of Charles I, from 1637 to 1641 inclusive, had been £895,819, and the average expenditure about £1,110,000. At that time prices were lower and the country less burdened with navy and garrisons, among which latter Dunkirk alone now cost more than £100,000 a year. It appeared, therefore, that the least sum to which the King could be expected to ‘conform his expense’ was £1,200,000.” Burnet writes, “It was believed that if two millions had been asked he could have carried it. But he (Clarendon) had no mind to put the King out of the necessity of having recourse to his Parliament.”

    Lister’s Life of Clarendon, vol. ii, pp. 22, 23

    ↩

  2079. By Charles Cotton, a voluminous author, but known now chiefly as the continuator of Walton’s Complete Angler. His Scarronides was first published in 1664. ↩

  2080. Gilbert Sheldon. ↩

  2081. See ante, October 12th, 1663. ↩

  2082. Many attempts to produce a satisfactory revolver were made in former centuries, but it was not till the present one that Colt’s revolver was invented. On February 18th, 1661, Edward, Marquis of Worcester, obtained Letters Patent for “an invencõn to make certeyne guns or pistolls which in the tenth parte of one minute of an houre may, with a flaske contrived to that purpose, be recharged the fourth part of one turne of the barrell which remaines still fixt, fastening it as forceably and effectually as a dozen thrids of any scrue, which in the ordinary and usual way require as many turnes.” On March 3rd, 1664, Abraham Hill obtained Letters Patent for a “gun or pistoll for small shott, carrying seaven or eight charges of the same in the stocke of the gun.” ↩

  2083. Building by John Webb; now a part of Greenwich Hospital. Evelyn wrote in his Diary, October 19th, 1661: “I went to London to visite my Lord of Bristoll, having been with Sir John Denham (his Maties surveyor) to consult with him about the placing of his palace at Greenwich, which I would have had built between the river and the Queen’s house, so as a large cut should have let in ye Thames like a bay; but Sir John was for setting it in piles at the very brink of the water, which I did not assent to and so came away, knowing Sir John to be a better poet than architect, though he had Mr. Webb (Inigo Jones’s man) to assist him.” ↩

  2084. See note 1463. On November 13th, 1662, Pepys mentions the names of the members of the Commission. ↩

  2085. There had been recently established, under the Great Seal of England, a Corporation for the Royal Fishing, of which the Duke of York was Governor, Lord Craven Deputy-Governor, and the Lord Mayor and Chamberlain of London, for the time being, Treasurers, in which body was vested the sole power of licensing lotteries (The News, October 6th, 1664). The original charter (dated April 8th, 1664), incorporating James, Duke of York, and thirty-six assistants as Governor and Company of the Royal Fishing of Great Britain and Ireland, is among the State Papers. The duke was to be Governor till February 26th, 1665. ↩

  2086. George, nineteenth Lord Berkeley of Berkeley, afterwards Earl of Berkeley. ↩

  2087. A tragedy by Sir William Davenant, first acted at the Blackfriars Theatre, licensed 1635, printed 1643. ↩

  2088. Heraclius; or, the Emperor of the East, translated from the French of Corneille, by Ludovic Carlell. Pepys saw it again, February 4th, 1666⁠–⁠67, at the Duke’s Theatre. Carlell’s translation (4to, 1664) was, it is said, never acted. The play which Pepys saw was probably never printed. He saw it at the Duke’s Theatre. —⁠B. ↩

  2089. Her dancing in The Slighted Maid is mentioned February 23rd, 1662⁠–⁠63. ↩

  2090. Harslet or haslet, the entrails of an animal, especially of a hog, as the heart, liver, etc. ↩

  2091. Mr. Stacy, the tar merchant (see July 16th, 1663). ↩

  2092. See April 6th. ↩

  2093. The Intelligencer of March 12th, 1663⁠–⁠64, notices the fall of the house here mentioned. —⁠B. ↩

  2094. Probably the sewer from old Southampton House, which was situated on the south side of Holborn, a little above Holborn Bars. The house was pulled down about 1652, and its site is marked by Southampton Buildings. ↩

  2095. Pride, haughtiness, only used now as a quotation.

    “He was a man
    Of an unbounded stomach, ever ranking
    Himself with princes.”

    Shakespeare, Henry VIII, act iv, sc. 2

    ↩

  2096. Joyce Norton (see note 88). ↩

  2097. Parliament met on March 16th, and was at once adjourned until the 21st. ↩

  2098. The manor-house of Wimbledon was purchased of Sir Christopher Hatton by Sir Thomas Cecil (afterwards Earl of Exeter), who rebuilt it in 1588. He bequeathed it to his third son, Sir Edward Cecil (afterwards Viscount Wimbledon), at whose death in 1638 it was sold to Queen Henrietta Maria. The estate was seized during the Civil Wars, and a survey was taken by order of Parliament in 1649 (printed in Archæologia, vol. x). At the Restoration it again came into the possession of the Queen Dowager, who in 1661 sold it to George Digby, Earl of Bristol. On his death in 1676 it was sold by his widow to Lord Treasurer Danby (afterwards Duke of Leeds). Wimbledon House, designed by John Thorpe, was a very remarkable building, thought by some (according to Fuller) to be equal, if not to exceed Nonsuch. There is a view of the front in Lysons’ Environs of London. ↩

  2099. St. Bride’s, of which Richard Pierson, D.D., the vicar, officiated at the funeral. “March 18, 1663⁠–⁠4, Mr. Thomas Pepys” (“Burial Register of St. Bride’s, Fleet Street”). —⁠B. ↩

  2100. Mrs. Pepys’s leaning towards Roman Catholicism was a constant trouble to her husband; but, in spite of his fears, she died a Protestant (Dr. Milles’s certificate.) ↩

  2101. The young lady whom Thomas Pepys courted lived at Banbury (see September 30th 1662). ↩

  2102. March 16th, 1663⁠–⁠64. This day both Houses met, and on the gist the king opened the session with a speech from the throne, in which occurs this Passage: “I pray, Mr. Speaker, and you, gentlemen of the House of Commons, give that Triennial Bill once a reading in your house, and then, in God’s name, do what you think fit for me and yourselves and the whole kingdom. I need not tell you how much I love parliaments. Never king was so much beholden to parliaments as I have been, nor do I think the crown can ever be happy without frequent parliaments.” (Cobbett’s Parliamentary History, vol. iv, cc. 290, 291). ↩

  2103. Undressed. See note 1559. ↩

  2104. Dr. Robert Creighton. See March 7th, 1661⁠–⁠62. ↩

  2105. The preacher appears to have had the grave scene in Hamlet in his mind, as he gives the same illustration of Alexander as Hamlet does. ↩

  2106. Gracechurch Street. ↩

  2107. There are some letters of M. Vernatti or Vernatty (dated 1654, 1656, 1657) among the Rawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian Library. This man appears to have turned out a cheat, and fled the country in 1666 (see post, October 27th, 1667). ↩

  2108. The successful operation for the stone took place on March 26th, 1658. ↩

  2109. In Pepys’s General Collection of Prints in the Pepysian Library are some coloured engravings of Tangier and the Mole, before they were demolished, and in their ruins, by Thomas Phillips; but Jonas Moore’s map does not appear to be there. ↩

  2110. On March 23rd, 1663⁠–⁠64, a Bill for the repeal of the Act entituled “An Act for the preventing the inconveniences happening by the long intermission of Parliaments, and for the provision for the calling and holding of Parliaments once in three years at least,” was read the first time. The question being put that the Bill be read on Tuesday was passed in the negative (yeas 42, noes 129), and it was resolved that the Bill be read the second time on the following morning. Sir Richard Temple was one of the tellers for the yeas (Journal of the House of Commons, vol. viii, p. 526). ↩

  2111. Two servants of one Ireland, a cooper upon Bread Street Hill (The Intelligencer, March 28th, 1664). —⁠B. ↩

  2112. The church of St. James’s, Clerkenwell, which Pepys visited, was built in 1625 on the site of an older church. The present church was erected 1788⁠–⁠92. The Diarist went to church to see the fair Butlers on August 11th, 1661. ↩

  2113. In Ben Jonson’s Every Man in His Humour, there is an allusion to the “Citizens that come a-ducking to Islington Ponds” (act i, sc. i). The piece of ground, long since bulk upon, was called “Ducking-pond Field,” from the pool in which the unfortunate ducks were hunted by dogs, to amuse the Cockneys, who went to Islington to breathe fresh air and drink cream. “On the north side of White Conduit House, now Albert Street, and at the south end of Claremont Place, there existed a deep and dangerous pool called Wheal Pond, which until a late period was famous for this inhuman sport” (Pinks’s History of Clerkenwell, p. 543). The King’s Head Tavern stood opposite the church. ↩

  2114. St. James’s Fields consisted of an open space west of the Haymarket, and north of Pall Mall, now occupied by St. James’s Square and the adjacent streets. The square was planned about this time by the Earl of St. Albans. ↩

  2115. Henry, third son of Thomas, first Lord Coventry; after the restoration made a Groom of the Bedchamber, and elected M.P. for Droitwich. In 1664 he was sent Envoy Extraordinary to Sweden, where he remained two years, and was again employed on an embassy to the same court in 1671. He also succeeded in negotiating the peace at Breda in 1667, and in 1672 became Secretary of State, which office he resigned in 1679, on account of ill health. He died unmarried, December 7th, 1686. —⁠B. ↩

  2116. John Vaughan, appointed Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, and knighted, 1668. He died December 10th, 1674. ↩

  2117. Apparently an allusion to the charming poem attributed to Sir Edward Dyer, the friend of Spenser and Sidney:

    “My minde to me a kingdome is,
    Such perfect joy therein I finde.”

    It was set to music by the celebrated William Byrd, and published in his Psalms, Sonnets, and Songs of Sadness and Piety, 1588. A black-letter edition of this poem is found in the Pepys Collection of Ballads. ↩

  2118. James Norman, clerk to Sir William Batten. ↩

  2119. Sir Thomas Chamberlayne. ↩

  2120. These ships may have been the Adventure and the Providence, which were ready to launch at this time (see Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 499). ↩

  2121. Elizabeth, daughter of John Savage, second Earl Rivers, and first wife to William, fourth Lord Petre, who was, in 1678, impeached by the Commons of high treason, and died under confinement in the Tower, January 5th, 1683, s. p. —⁠B. ↩

  2122. There are several references to a new ship building about this time at Woolwich among the State Papers. On February 29th, 1663⁠–⁠64, Commissioner Pett, writing to Pepys, expresses his opinion that “the demands of joiners and caners for work on the new ship at Woolwich [are] exorbitant” (Calendar, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 498). ↩

  2123. W. Joyce’s business. ↩

  2124. Only son of Sir Willoughby Hickman, of Gainsborough, who had been created a baronet in 1643, and whom he succeeded in his title and estates. He was M.P. for East Retford. —⁠B. ↩

  2125. April 5th, 1664. In compliance with the king’s expressed wish “the House immediately set about repealing the obnoxious Triennial Bill, which they stigmatized as derogatory to the prerogative of the Crown, and as a short compensation prepared another short one, which provided that parliaments should not be intermitted above three years” (Cobbett’s Parliamentary History, vol. iv, col. 292). ↩

  2126. The two sisters Fenner were married to the two brothers Joyce: Kate to Anthony, and Mary to William. There is a token extant of Anthony Joyce’s house (The Three Stags) “at Hoborn Conded.” The initials “A K I” on the token stand for Anthony and Kate Joyce (see Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 633). ↩

  2127. The African or Guinea Company, which had a house in Broad Street. ↩

  2128. Among the State Papers is a petition of Thomas Staine to the Navy Commissioners “for employment as plateworker in one or two dockyards. Has incurred ill-will by discovering abuses in the great rates given by the king for several things in the said trade. Begs the appointment, whereby it will be seen who does the work best and cheapest, otherwise he and all others will be discouraged from discovering abuses in future, with order thereon for a share of the work to be given to him” (“Calendar,” Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 395) ↩

  2129. Buns or teacakes. See March 6th, 1660⁠–⁠61.

    “Eschaudé, a kind of wigg or symnell.”

    Cotgrave

    ↩

  2130. These notebooks referred to in the Diary are not known to exist now. ↩

  2131. Mithridate is understood to denote an antidote, and not, as here, an opiate. ↩

  2132. Pepys had been mistaken in fancying that Fuller’s Worthies was to be a history of all the families in England (see ante, January 22nd, 1660⁠–⁠61, and February 10th, 1661⁠–⁠62), and hence his disappointment, when the work came out, some months after the author’s decease, at there being no mention in it of his ancestors. He then looked for the Cliffords, in hopes of finding his wife’s lineage; but with no better success. —⁠B. ↩

  2133. Thomas Hill, a man whose taste for music caused him to be a very acceptable companion to Pepys. In January, 1664⁠–⁠65, he became assistant to the secretary of the Prize Office. ↩

  2134. Michael De Ruyter, the Dutch admiral, was born 1607. He served under Tromp in the war against England in 1653, and was Lieutenant Admiral General of Holland in 1665. He died April 26th, 1676, of wounds received in a battle with the French off Syracuse. Among the State Papers is a news letter (dated July 14th, 1664) containing information as to the views of the Dutch respecting a war with England. “They are preparing many ships, and raising 6,000 men, and have no doubt of conquering by sea.” “A wise man says the States know how to master England by sending moneys into Scotland for them to rebel, and also to the discontented in England, so as to place the King in the same straits as his father was, and bring him to agree with Holland” (Calendar, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 642). ↩

  2135. William Bodham about this time was appointed clerk of the Ropeyard at Woolwich. ↩

  2136. These demonstrations by Robert Hooke at the Royal Society are described in the minutes as follows:

    “. The experiment of stretching glass was made by Mr. Hooke, who was desired to give an account of the manner and success thereof in writing.”

    “. An account in writing was brought by Mr. Hooke of two experiments tried before the Society at the preceding meeting⁠ ⁠… 2 of the stretching and shrinking of glass upon heating and cooling; both of which were ordered to be registered.”

    Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. i, pp. 409, 411

    ↩

  2137. A long straight-necked glass vessel used for chemical distillation. ↩

  2138. On September 10th, 1663, Sir William Warren contracted with the Navy Commissioners to deliver Gottenburg and Norway masts at the several dockyards. The contract, among the State Papers, has annexed to it: “Tender by Sir William Warren of 150 Gottenburg and 300 Norway masts, with three ships loads of New England masts, to be delivered free of charge at Portsmouth, Chatham, and Deptford,” and “Account of the difference of price between the tenders of Sir William Warren and ⸻ Wood, the former being the cheaper” (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 270). ↩

  2139. See note 1803. ↩

  2140. John Evelyn mentions in his Diary (Sept. 25th, 1679) the excellence of the China oranges grown on his own trees, and later on he writes: “. I went to Beddington, the ancient seate of the Carews, heretofore adorned with ample gardens and the first orange trees that had been seen in England planted in the open ground.” William Bray, the editor, says that oranges were eaten in this kingdom in the time of King James I, if not earlier, as appears by the accounts of a student in the Temple, which he had seen. ↩

  2141. Captain William Badiley wrote to the Navy Commissioners, February 9th, 1663⁠–⁠64, requesting “a warrant to enter 12 or 14 men to the Elias, which is now afloat.” On March 1st he wrote: “The Elias is ready to take in provisions, but wants men to stow them;” and on April 6th, 1664, he asked for “an order to remove the Elias” (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, pp. 474, 502, 546). ↩

  2142. “Proceedings in the House of Commons on the reading by Mr. Clifford of the report of the Committee for Trade, at which it was resolved to represent to the House and to his Majesty the injuries done by the Dutch in India, Africa, and America, as the greatest obstruction to trade, and to request some course for redress and prevention. The House adopted the report, and added their resolution to support the King with life and fortune against all opposition; also a conference was desired with the Lords thereon, and Mr. Clifford and others were appointed to manage it.”

    Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 562

    ↩

  2143. “April 22nd, 1664. The following resolution passed both houses, viz.: ‘That the wrongs, dishonours, and indignities done to his Majesty by the subjects of the United Provinces, by invading his rights in India, Africa, and elsewhere, and the damages, affronts, and injuries done by them to our merchants, are the greatest obstructions of our Foreign Trade, and that the same be humbly and speedily presented to his Majesty, and that he be most humbly moved to take some speedy and effectual course for redress thereof, and all other of the like nature, and for prevention of the like in future: and in prosecution thereof, they will, with their lives and fortunes, assist his Majesty against all opposition whatsoever’ ”

    Cobbett’s Parliamentary History, vol. iv, col. 292

    ↩

  2144. The following entry in the Calendar of State Papers (1663⁠–⁠64, p. 560), illustrates this: “April 18th, 1664. John Falkener to Sam. Pepys. Mr. [William] Acworth cannot supply deals for the ropeyard, having only eight score; so more will be wanting.” ↩

  2145. The description is insufficient to enable the bird to be determined with certainty, but Professor Newton informs the editor that it is most likely to have been a grackle of some kind. The Gracula religiosa, or mina, has a yellow collar, is easily tamed, and learns to talk and whistle with great facility. Professor Newton kindly contributes the following two interesting quotations, showing that minas were brought from India early in the eighteenth century; and he believes that, as the mina is a favourite cage-bird in India, it was brought over as soon as direct trade with that country was established. One of the earliest figures of the bird is by Eleazer Albin (Natural History of Birds, vol. ii, pl. 38) in 1738, who writes: “This bird imitates a human voice, speaking very articulately. I drew this bird at Mr. Mere’s coffeehouse in King Street, Bloomsbury. Sir Hans Sloan had one of these birds that spoke very prettily, which he presented to Her Majesty Queen Carolina. They are brought from East India.” George Edwards (Natural History of Uncommon Birds, vol. i, pl. 17), whose plate is dated September 25th, 1740, gives two figures, one from a bird he saw at a dealers in White Hart Yard, in the Strand, and the other from a bird which belonged to Dr. George Wharton, treasurer of the College of Physicians, adding: “For whistling, singing, and talking, it is accounted in the first rank, expressing words with an accent nearer human than parrots, or any other bird usually taught to talk. They are said to come from the Island of Borneo, and ’tis likely they come from thence and the adjacent parts. They are brought to us by the India Company’s ships.” ↩

  2146. In Sir W. Davenant’s The Playhouse to Be Let (supposed to have been acted in 1663), we find an allusion to the Red Bull:

    “Tell ’em the Red Bull stands empty for fencers;
    There are no tenants in it but old spiders.
    Go bid the men of wrath allay their heat
    With prizes there.”

    J. Payne Collier was in possession of a printed challenge and acceptance of a trial at eight several weapons to be performed betwixt two scholars of Benjamin Dobson and William Wright, masters of the noble science of defence. The trial was to come off “at the Red Bull at the upper end of St. John’s Street, on Whitsun Monday, the 30th of May, 1664, beginning exactly at three of the clock in the afternoon, and the best man is to take all.” The weapons were “backsword, single rapier, sword and dagger, rapier and dagger, sword and buckler, half pike, sword and gauntlet, single faulchion.” ↩

  2147. Judith Pepys, daughter of Richard Pepys, Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, and wife of J. Scott. ↩

  2148. Bishop Rainbow (see note 1747). ↩

  2149. Joseph Moxon, hydrographer to King Charles II, author of Mechanick Dyalling, Mechanick Exercises, etc. In 1668 his shop was on Ludgate Hill, at the sign of the Atlas. In 1693 he had removed to Warwick Lane. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society on November 30th, 1678, and admitted the same day. ↩

  2150. Or The Fatal Embarrassment, taken from Corneille. —⁠B. ↩

  2151. The Tangiers Merchant was a ship freighted by the Navy Office. ↩

  2152. In this case, Robartes v. Wynne, the plaintiff’s bill was in the end dismissed with costs. The following is found among the State Papers:

    “Jan. 21, 1664. Order in the case of Rob. and Sara Robartes and their second child Chas. Bodville Robartes v. Sir Rich. Wynne, Bart., and others, relative to the will of John Bodville, who settled a large estate in cos. Carnarvon, Anglesea, and Merioneth, on his daughter Sara Robartes, and her son Charles, whom he educated, on which the Lord Privy Seal [Lord Robartes] settled £3,000 a year on Mr. and Mrs. Robartes; but Bodville was induced by the defendants, when his mind was impaired, to make a will in their favour. The order condemns the conduct of the defendants, but postpones for a year the reparation to be given to the plaintiffs, the case not being ripe for a final decree.”

    Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 450

    On March 6th, 1664, Robartes petitioned the House of Lords. The House took the case up, and ordered the Lord Chancellor to make a speedy decree in the High Court of Chancery. Some protests followed this action (see Thorold Rogers’s Protests of the Lords, vol. i, p. 30). For account of the case, see Reports in Chancery, Charles I to 20 Charles II, London, 1693, p. 236; also Lords’ Journals, vol. xi, pp. 606, 608, 609, 630, 631. ↩

  2153. It appears that it was not only Sir William Batten who was dissatisfied with Hempson. The following is among the State Papers:

    “Jan. 21, 1664. Commissioner Peter Pett to Sam. Pepys. Has sent Capt. Taylors bills. The price of Nath. London’s timber is too great. Fears Mr. Hempson is lost to the service; it is not the king’s interest to give such busy officers so great a liberty [of absence]”

    Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 449

    ↩

  2154. James Norman was clerk to Sir William Batten. ↩

  2155. There were several mum houses in various parts of London. One of Andrew Yarranton’s wild schemes, at this time, was to bring the mum trade from Brunswick, and fix it at Stratford-on-Avon. See his England’s Improvement. ↩

  2156. The Duke of York’s yacht built by Christopher Pett was named the Anne. ↩

  2157. See ante, March 28th, 1664. ↩

  2158. “May 13, 1664. Mr. Prynne having taken the liberty to alter the draught of a Bill relating to Public-houses, having urged in his excuse ‘that he did not do it out of any ill intent, but to rectify some matters mistaken in it, and to make the Bill agree with the sense of the house;’ the house ordered him to withdraw, and after debate being again called in, the Speaker acquainted him, ‘That the house was very sensible of this great mistake in so ancient and knowing a member as he was, to break so material and essential an order of the house, as to alter, amend, or interline a bill after commitment, but the house had considered of his answer and submission, and were content at this time, in respect thereof, to remit the offence’ ”

    Cobbett’s Parliamentary History, vol. iv, col. 293

    ↩

  2159. At the Restoration William Ryley had been deprived of all his posts, including the office of Clerk of the Tower Records, which was given to Prynne. Ryley was originally made Lancaster Herald by Charles I, but he sided with the Parliament, and devoted himself to Oliver Cromwell. He was fortunate in being afterwards restored to the post of Lancaster Herald, which he held till his death in 1667, though he failed in getting back Prynne’s appointment. By his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Anthony Chester, Bart., of Chichley, Bucks, Ryley had a numerous issue. Perhaps the son here mentioned was William Ryley, described by Prynne as of the Inner Temple in 1662 (see note 1274). —⁠B. ↩

  2160. Pepys does not say whether this experiment was in any way connected with the work of the Royal Society. About this time the minutes contain the following reference: “May 4, 1664. It was ordered that Dr. Croune, Dr. Balle, and Mr. Hooke take care at the next meeting to cut off some skin of a dog; and that the operator provide a dog for that purpose.” Several experiments at subsequent meetings are reported (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. i, p. 422). ↩

  2161. Pepys tried hard to get a husband for his sister Paulina, but for a time without success. Eventually she married John Jackson of Brampton. ↩

  2162. Captain John Shales. ↩

  2163. See December 23rd, 1662. Boyer, in his Life of Queen Anne, says that he was dismissed for offending her majesty by squeezing her hand. He is mentioned in the State Poems:

    “Montagu, by court disaster,
    Dwindled into the wooden horse’s master.”

    Advice to a Painter, part i

    It is said that the Duke of York obtained for Edward Montagu the appointment of Master of the Horse to the Queen (see Grammont Memoirs). ↩

  2164. Colonel Bullen Reymes, M.P. for Weymouth, is referred to in a communication of Rich. Yardley, Mayor of Weymouth, January 2nd, 1664 (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 427). He died in 1673. ↩

  2165. Tilt (A.S. teld) represents a tent or awning. It was used for a cloth covering for a cart or wagon, or for a canopy or awning over a portion of a boat. ↩

  2166. Sons of Thomas Pepys, elder brother of Samuel’s father. Charles Pepys was subsequently master joiner at Chatham Dockyard. ↩

  2167. The parish church of St. Sepulchre’s was known as St. Sepulchre’s in the Bailey. The Quest House was rebuilt by Dr. William Bell, vicar from 1662 to 1683. Strype writes of this: “A new house, free to Dr. Bell’s successors, with a yard thereto. The use of a parlour, kitchen, and washhouse under the Quest-house that belonged to the parish for the said Bell’s time, he being at the trouble to build it, and brought £200 towards it; the use thereof reserved to the parish on public occasions of quest or burials.” ↩

  2168. One of the Banda Islands, which had acknowledged James I as its sovereign, but was afterwards forcibly seized by the Dutch. A series of letters from Sir George Downing to Lord Chancellor Clarendon (written at this time) is printed in Lister’s Life of Clarendon, vol. iii. These letters contain references to the Leopard, and on May 13th we read the plea of the United Provinces: “We have taken nothing from the king nor his subjects, nor hath he taken anything from us, nor do demand anything of us, and why then should we ingage ourselves, and spend our monies, to maintain the insolvencies of the East India Company?” (p. 322). ↩

  2169. Evelyn refers to Mr. Povy’s house in Lincoln’s Inn Fields, and particularly mentions the perspective painted by Streeter, as well as the ranging of the wine bottles in the cellar (July 1st, 1664). ↩

  2170. Grace, youngest daughter of Sir John Corbet of Stoke, Salop, who married Sir William Poulteney or Pulteney, of Mesterton, co. Leicester, who was knighted at Whitehall, June 4th, 1660. He was grandfather to William, first Earl of Bath. ↩

  2171. This was the gatehouse designed by Holbein, which had formerly been occupied as the residence of General Lambert. It was now appropriated to Lady Castlemaine. ↩

  2172. John Spencer, D.D., who died in 1695, was also the author of a celebrated work, De Legibus Hebræorum. His Discourse Concerning Prodigies first appeared in 1663; the second edition, of 1665, contains likewise a Discourse Concerning Vulgar Prophecies. —⁠B. ↩

  2173. Robert Southwell (born at Kinsale, Ireland, in 1635) was educated at Queen’s College, Oxford, and afterwards entered at Lincoln’s Inn. On September 27th, 1664, he was sworn one of the clerks of the Privy Council, and was knighted November 20th, 1665. He was employed on several diplomatic missions, and retired from public business in 1681. William III appointed him principal Secretary of State for Ireland; and on December 1st, 1690, he was elected President of the Royal Society, an office which he held for five years. He died at his seat, King’s Weston, Gloucestershire, in 1702. There is a portrait of Southwell by Kneller at the Royal Society. ↩

  2174. Particulars of the loss at Tangiers is given in The Intelligencer, June 6th, 1664. ↩

  2175. The stage was covered in by a tiled roof, but the pit was open to the sky.

    “The pit lay open to the weather for sake of light, but was subsequently covered in with a glazed cupola, which, however, only imperfectly protected the audience, so that in stormy weather the house was thrown into disorder, and the people in the pit were fain to rise.”

    Cunningham’s Story of Nell Gwyn, ed. 1893, p. 33

    ↩

  2176. Major Fiennes, whose regiment formed part of the garrison of Tangiers. ↩

  2177. Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick, Lord High Admiral for the Parliament, 1643⁠–⁠45, 1648⁠–⁠49. See June 29th, 1667, where this incident is again alluded to. ↩

  2178. Colonel Robert Blake took Taunton by surprise in 1644, and held it against two sieges by the Royalists until July, 1645, when it was relieved by Fairfax. Lyme Regis declared for the Parliament, and withstood a siege of seven weeks by Prince Maurice until relieved by the Earl of Essex. ↩

  2179. In a letter of Sir George Downing to the Earl of Clarendon, dated May 20th, 1664, he says “that he does not find Peter de Groot opiniatrative” (Lister’s Life of Clarendon, vol. ii, p. 331). ↩

  2180. For mention of the previous agreement that Pepys should have the refusal of Mr. Young’s place at the Wardrobe for his father, see June 3rd, 1661. ↩

  2181. Robert Bretton, D.D., vicar of St. Nicholas, Deptford (see note 1817). ↩

  2182. Mark Harrison was captain of the Elias in the fleet at Schevening attending Charles II on his return to England. ↩

  2183. William Prynne had published in 1628 a small book against the drinking of healths, entitled, Healthes, Sicknesse; or a compendious and briefe Discourse, prouing, the Drinking and Pledging of Healthes to be sinful and utterly unlawful unto Christians⁠ ⁠… wherein all those ordinary objections, excuses or pretences, which are made to justifie, extenuate, or excuse the drinking or pledging of Healthes are likewise cleared and answered. The pamphlet was dedicated to Charles I as “more interessed in the theme and subject of this compendious discourse then any other that I know,” and “because your Majestie of all other persons within your owne dominions, are most dishonoured, prejudiced, and abused by these Healthes.” ↩

  2184. Lord Ashworth is probably a miswriting for Lord Ashley (afterwards Earl of Shaftesbury). ↩

  2185. John Berkinshaw (see note 1291). In the minutes of the Royal Society there is the following entry: “Nov. 12, 1662. Mr. Berckenshaw’s paper on music was presented by Dr. Charlton; and Lord Viscount Brouncker was desired to examine it” (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. i, p. 125). ↩

  2186. The ambassador sent from the States General was Herr Van Goch (see Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, pp. 620, 670, 674). ↩

  2187. Henry Russell, a waterman. ↩

  2188. Sir John Coke (1563⁠–⁠1644) in 1618 was one of a special commission appointed for the examination of the state of the navy. He was rewarded for his work in the reform of the naval administration by a grant of £300 a year, charged on the funds of the navy, and expressly stated to be given “for his service in several marine causes, and for the office of ordnance, which he had long attended far remote from his family and to his great charge” (November, 1621). —⁠Dictionary of National Biography ↩

  2189. The Cherry Garden was a place of public entertainment at Rotherhithe. The site is marked by Cherry Garden Stairs, a landing-pier for Thames steamers and small boats. ↩

  2190. Dr. Thomas Hodges, vicar of Kensington and rector of St. Peter’s, Cornhill. He had been, in September, 1661, preferred to the deanery of Hereford, which he held with his two livings till his death, August 22nd, 1672. —⁠B. ↩

  2191. “Taille, the proportion, size, or stature of a man.”

    Cotgrave’s French Dictionary

    ↩

  2192. The house, afterwards known as Nottingham House and Kensington Palace, was at this time the seat of Sir Heneage Finch, created Earl of Nottingham, 1681. It was sold by his son to King William, who greatly improved it. ↩

  2193. Laver denotes a pond, cistern, trough, or conduit. “Laver, to washe at, lavoyr” (Palsgrave). ↩

  2194. Among the State Papers is a petition of Captain Edward Witham (1663?) for half-pay or employment, his troop of horse at Tangiers being disbanded and he in poverty, and the other officers being on half-pay (Calendar, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 422). ↩

  2195. Bear’s Quay was a market for corn near Billingsgate. ↩

  2196. Lord Sandwich’s daughters. ↩

  2197. We have here a curious picture of the dreadful state of the streets in London in 1664. No improvement of what they were a century before, when they were described as “very foul, full of pits and sloughs, very perilous and noxious” (Knight’s London, vol. i, p. 26), appears to have taken place. The alarm of Lady Paulina and Pepys at night was not surprising. —⁠B. ↩

  2198. Kensington. ↩

  2199. Reports of De Ruyter’s death were frequently abroad. He did not die till 1676. ↩

  2200. Lady Gold married Thomas Neale. She had four brothers. ↩

  2201. Sidney Montagu, second son of the Earl of Sandwich, who afterwards assumed the name of Wortley, and was father of Edward Wortley Montagu (husband of the celebrated Lady Mary Wortley Montagu). ↩

  2202. “There died this last weeke at Amsterdam 730, but they feare an increase this weeke; and the plague is scattered generally over the whole country, even to Little Dorps and Villages: and it is gott to Antwerp and Bruxells, so that they will not suffer any ships or vessels of Holland or Zeland to come to Antwerp; and 2 severall shipps are returned out of Spaine for that they would not suffer them to have any trade at all there.”

    Sir George Downings letter to Lord Clarendon, July 29th, 1664. Lister’s Life of Clarendon, vol. iii, p. 331

    ↩

  2203. From the commencement of the reign of Henry VIII, or perhaps earlier, it was the custom of the City of London to provide against scarcity, by requiring each of the chartered Companies to keep in store a certain quantity of corn, which was to be renewed from time to time, and when required for that purpose, produced in the market for sale, at such times and prices, and in such quantities, as the Lord Mayor or Common Council should direct. See the report of a case in the Court of Chancery, Attorney-General v. Haberdashers’ Company (Mylne and Keens Reports, vol. i, p. 420). —⁠B. ↩

  2204. This seems to refer to knee timber, of which there was not a sufficient supply. A proposal was made to produce this bent wood artificially:

    “June 22, 1664. Sir William Petty intimated that it seemed by the scarcity and greater rate of knee timber that nature did not furnish crooked wood enough for building: wherefore he thought it would be fit to raise by art, so much of it in proportion, as to reduce it to an equal rate with strait timber.”

    Birch’s History of the Royal Society

    ↩

  2205. See September 3rd, 1661. ↩

  2206. Pliny tells us that cherries were introduced into Britain by the Romans, and Lydgate alludes to them as sold in the London streets. Richard Haines, fruiterer to Henry VIII, imported a number of cherry trees from Flanders, and planted them at Tenham, in Kent. Hence the fame of the Kentish cherries. ↩

  2207. Glossarium Archaiologicum, of which only the first part, to the letter L, was published by Spelman himself, 1626; the work was completed in 1664 by Sir William Dugdale from the author’s papers. Sir Henry Spelman died, October, 1641, at the house of his son-in-law. Sir Ralph Whitfield, in the Barbican, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. ↩

  2208. Dr. Burnett’s advice to mee.

    The Originall is fyled among my letters.

    Take of ye Rootes of Marshmallows foure ounces, of Cumfry, of Liquorish, of each two ounces, of ye Mowers of St. John’s Wort two Handsfull, of ye Leaves of Plantan, of Alehoofe, of each three handfulls, of Selfeheale, of Red Roses, of each one Handfull, of Cynament, of Nutmegg, of each halfe an ounce. Beate them well, then powre upon them one Quart of old Rhenish wine, and about Six houres after strayne it and clarify it with ye white of an Egge, and with a sufficient quantity of sugar, boyle it to ye consistence of a Syrrup and reserve it for use.

    Dissolve one spoonefull of this Syrrup in every draught of Ale or beere you drink.

    Morning and evening swallow ye quantity of an hazelnut of Cyprus Terebintine.

    If you are bound or have a fit of ye Stone eate an ounce of Cassia new drawn, from ye poynt of a knife.

    Old Canary or Malaga wine you may drinke to three or 4 glasses, but noe new wine, and what wine you drinke, lett it bee at meales.

    From a slip of paper inserted in the Diary at this place

    ↩

  2209. “Their Majesties were treated at Tilbury Hope by the Earl of Sandwich, returning the same day, abundantly satisfied both with the dutiful respects of that honourable person and with the excellent condition of all matters committed to his charge.”

    The News, July 7th, 1664

    —⁠B. ↩

  2210. Main = hand. ↩

  2211. This was Speght’s edition of 1602, which is still in the Pepysian Library. The book is bound in calf, with brass clasps and bosses. It is not lettered. ↩

  2212. This fine portrait is still at Hinchingbroke, and in very good preservation. —⁠B. ↩

  2213. The mineral springs at Barnet Common, nearly a mile to the west of High Barnet. The discovery of the wells was announced in the Perfect Diurnall of June 5th, 1652, and Fuller, writing in 1662, says that there are hopes that the waters may “save as many lives as were lost in the fatal battle at Barnet” (Worthies, Herts). A pamphlet on The Barnet Well Water was published by the Rev. W. M. Trinder, M.D., as late as the year 1800, but in 1840 the old well-house was pulled down. ↩

  2214. For “owneth.” This sense is very common in Shakespeare. In the original edition of the authorized version of the Bible we read: “So shall the Jews at Jerusalem bind the man that oweth this girdle” (Acts 21:11) Nares’s Glossary. ↩

  2215. Near Salisbury, granted by Edward VI to Sir W. Herbert, Earl of Pembroke, for two lives, which lease determined in 1601, when it reverted to the Crown, and was conferred on the Duke of Albemarle, whose family got the estate after Lord Clarendon’s fall; for, according to Britton, Clarendon Park was alienated by Christopher, second Duke of Albemarle, to the Earl of Bath, from whom it passed, by purchase, to the ancestor of Sir Frederic Hervey Bathurst, Bart., the present possessor. In Lister’s Life of Lord Clarendon (vol. iii, p. 340) there is a letter of Sir Robert Hyde to Clarendon on the complaint respecting the trees, and in a note the author examines the complaint of the Chancellor. He writes: “There was, however (as appears from this letter), more reason for complaint than is admitted by Pepys; for at the very time the Commissioners sent down a person to mark standing timber for felling, there was a good deal of timber, the property of the Crown, lying on the estate unappropriated, which had been ‘felled divers years’ before, and till this was used, the felling of other timber there was evidently unnecessary.” ↩

  2216. To provoke or affront a man to his face (Bailey’s Dictionary). ↩

  2217. A cipher. ↩

  2218. Their sixth son, James Montagu, who died unmarried. ↩

  2219. There were several Brewer’s Yards in London. This was probably the one by King Street, Westminster. ↩

  2220. Evelyn attended this lottery, which he seems to have held was a complete imposition. He wrote: “To London to see the event of the lottery which his Majesty had permitted Sir Arthur Slingsby to set up for one day in the Banqueting House at Whitehall. I gained only a trifle, as well as did the King, Queen Consort and Queen Mother for near 30 lotts; which was thought to be contriv’d very unhandsomely by the master of it, who was, in truth, a meer shark” (July 19th, 1664). ↩

  2221. A comedy adapted from the Spanish by George Digby, Earl of Bristol, which was not printed. ↩

  2222. This was not so, as the Adventures of Five Hours was by Sir Samuel Tuke, although Downes (Roscius Anglicanus) says that the Earl of Bristol had a hand in this play. ↩

  2223. Among the State Papers is a receipt by Thomas Harper, of Gottenburg deals, etc., from Sir William Warren, dated “Deptford, July 27, 1664” (Calendar, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 653). Complaints, promoted by Sir William Batten, were subsequently made respecting this contract with Sir William Warren; and Pepys alludes to them in his “Defence” (dated November 27th, 1669), which is contained in one of the Pepysian manuscripts (No. 2554). ↩

  2224. Jonas Shish, master-shipwright at Deptford. There are several papers of his among the State Papers.

    “I was at the funeral of old Mr. Shish, Master Shipwright of His Majesty’s Yard here, an honest and remarkable man, and his death a public loss, for his excellent success in building ships (though altogether illiterate) and for bringing up so many of his children to be able artists. I held up the pall with three knights who did him that honour, and he was worthy of it. It was the custom of this good man to rise in the night and pray, kneeling in his own coffin, which he had lying by him for many years. He was born that famous year, the Gunpowder-plot, 1605”

    Evelyn’s Diary, May 13th, 1680

    ↩

  2225. Giacomo Carissimi, maestro di capella of St. Apollinare, in the German College at Rome, one of the most excellent of the Italian musicians. He lived to be ninety years old, composed much, and died very rich (Hawkins’s Hist. of Music). —⁠B. ↩

  2226. “I went to St. Paul’s church, where, with Dr. Wren, Mr. Pratt, Mr. May, Mr. Thomas Chicheley, Mr. Slingsby, the Bishop of London, the Dean of St. Paul’s (Dr. Sancroft), and several expert workmen, we went about to survey the general decays of that ancient and venerable church, and to set down in writing the particulars of what was fit to be done, with the charge thereof, giving our opinion from article to article.”

    Evelyn’s Diary, August 27th, 1666

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  2227. “March 14, 1664. The King to the Duke of York, Governor, and the Assistants of the Royal Fishing Company. Recommends George Duke, late Secretary of the Committee for Trade, to be entertained by them in the same post, for which he is particularly fitted.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 515

    ↩

  2228. Massinger’s tragedy, first acted before the Court at Whitehall, 1623. ↩

  2229. General Soushe was Louis Ratuit, Comte de Souches. The battle was fought at Lewenz (or Leva), in Hungary. —⁠B. ↩

  2230. George Penn, the elder brother of Sir W. Penn, was a wealthy merchant at San Lucar, the port of Seville. He was seized as a heretic by the Holy Office, and cast into a dungeon eight feet square and dark as the grave. There he remained three years, every month being scourged to make him confess his crimes. At last, after being twice put to the rack, he offered to confess whatever they would suggest. His property, £12,000, was then confiscated, his wife, a Catholic, taken from him, and he was banished from Spain forever. —⁠M. B. ↩

  2231. Among the State Papers is the licence (dated March, 1664) to William Legg “to erect a nursery for breeding players in London or Westminster under the oversight and approbation of Sir Wm. Davenant and Thos. Killigrew to be disposed of for the supply of the theatres (Calendar, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 539). ↩

  2232. The Rev. Alfred Povah, D.D., rector of St. Olave’s, Hart Street, has been so kind as to give the editor the following extract from the register of burials of that parish, in illustration of the above entry: “1664, August 3. Mr. George Penn was Buryed in ye Chancell.” ↩

  2233. A tragicomedy by Dryden, first printed in this year. ↩

  2234. His companion paid for him. —⁠B. ↩

  2235. A poem upon the death of Walter Clun was published at the time, with the following title: An Elegy upon the most execrable murder of Mr. Clun, one of the comedians of the Theatre Royal, who was robbed and most inhumanly killed on Tuesday night, being the 2nd of August, 1664, near Tatnam Court, as he was riding to his country house at Kentish Town. Clun was noted for his performance of Iago. ↩

  2236. Charles Berkeley, Viscount Fitzharding, was created Earl of Falmouth in March, 1665, and he was killed in battle in the following June. He was never made a marquis. ↩

  2237. Welwyn. ↩

  2238. See note 1724. ↩

  2239. Flora’s Vagaries, a comedy by Richard Rhodes when a student at Oxford, was first acted by his fellow-students at Christ Church on January 8th, 1663. Sir Henry Herbert records its performance in London on November 3rd, 1663. It was printed in 1670 and 1677. The character of Flora was afterwards played by Nell Gwynn (see October 5th, 1667). ↩

  2240. This was the battle of St. Gothard, in which the Turks were defeated with great slaughter by the imperial forces under Montecuculli, assisted by the confederates from the Rhine, and by forty troops of French cavalry under Coligni. St. Gothard is in Hungary, on the river Raab, near the frontier of Styria; it is about one hundred and twenty miles south of Vienna, and thirty east of Gratz. The battle took place on the 9th Moharrem, A.H. 1075, or 23rd July, A.D. 1664 (old style), which is that used by Pepys. —⁠B. ↩

  2241. The fact is, the Germans were beaten by the Turks, and the French won the battle for them. —⁠B. ↩

  2242. Edward Cocker (whose name has become proverbial) is associated in popular memory with a work in the production of which there is every probability that he had nothing to do. He was born in 1631, probably in Norfolk, and at one time he was a schoolmaster at Northampton. Between 1657 and 1675, when he died, he published a large number of works on penmanship and the rules of arithmetic. In 1657 he was living in St. Paul’s Churchyard, and not long before his death he removed to “Gutter Lane near Cheapside.” He was buried in St. George’s Church, Southwark. In 1678, three years after his death, John Hawkins published the famous Cocker’s Arithmetick, and stated that it was printed from Cocker’s own copy; but Professor De Morgan was of opinion that the work was a forgery by Hawkins. In 1685 Hawkins published what he styled Cocker’s Decimal Arithmetic. We learn something of Cocker’s personality from several entries in the Diary (see article, “Who was Cocker?” Bibliographer, July, 1884, vol. vi, p. 25). ↩

  2243. Pepys refers to the passage in Troylus and Cryseyde (book iii, stanza ccii, lines 1408⁠–⁠1414):

    “Allas! what hath this lovers the agylte?
    Dispitous Day, thyn be the pyne of Helle!
    For many a lover hastow slayn, and wilt;
    Thi pourynge in wol nowher lat hem dwelle:
    What? profrestow thi light here for to selle?
    Go selle it hem that smale seles grave,
    We wol the nought, as nedeth no day have.”

    Morris’s Aldine edition of Chaucer, vol. iv, p. 284

    ↩

  2244. The General Post Office was originally in Cloak Lane, Dowgate Hill, but was subsequently removed to the Black Swan, Bishopsgate. The latter place was destroyed in the Fire of London in 1666. There is no notice of these music meetings in the records of the Post Office. ↩

  2245. Lord Viscount Brouncker was the first president of the Royal Society after the charter had been obtained, but Sir Robert Moray had been appointed president when the society was first founded, and it was in his honour as a Scotsman that the anniversary meeting was fixed to take place annually on St. Andrew’s Day (November 30th). ↩

  2246. Portuguese has frequently been treated as a plural, and a false singular, Portuguee, formed from it. See an interesting paper by Mr. Danby P. Fry, “On the words Chinee, Maltee, Portuguee, Yankee, Pea, Cherry, Sherry, and Shay” (Philological Society’s Transactions, 1873⁠–⁠74, p. 253). ↩

  2247. An optical instrument used to enable objects to be seen in the dark. The name is derived from the Greek words σκότος and σκοπἑω. ↩

  2248. King Henry was acted by Harris and Owen Tudor by Betterton. Downes says that the “play was splendidly cloth’d. The King in the Duke of York’s coronation suit, Owen Tudor in King Charles’s, Duke of Burgundy (Smith) in the Lord of Oxford’s, and the rest all new.” Mrs. Betterton (Ianthe) acted as Princess Katharine. Mrs. Long was the Queen of France, and Mrs. Davis, Anne of Burgundy. ↩

  2249. Experimental Philosophy in Three Books, Containing New Experiments, Microscopical, Mercurial, Magnetical; London, 1664, by Henry Power (sm. 4to, pp. 192). Mr. F. C. S. Roper, who printed privately in 1865 a Catalogue of Works on the Microscope, described this as the earliest work on the microscope in the English language which he had met with. ↩

  2250. Servant = lover. ↩

  2251. Among the State Papers is a letter from Edward Montagu to Secretary Bennet, dated August 29th, 1664, in which he writes, “If his last proposal do not succeed, will rather choose what is worst for himself than trouble his friends any longer; and if unable to serve him another way, will do it by ridding him of his importunity” (Calendar, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 675). ↩

  2252. A tragicomedy by James Shirley, “written when the stage was interdicted,” and first performed after the Restoration. Before the publication of this notice in Pepys, Langbaine’s statement was the only evidence that it had ever been acted. —⁠B. ↩

  2253. Pepys notices Sir W. Penn’s feast on the anniversary of his wedding-day, when he had been married eighteen years (January 6th, 1661⁠–⁠62). See vol. ii, p. 165. ↩

  2254. The fourth edition of Samuel Daniel’s Collection of the History of England was published in 1650, and the fifth edition in 1685. The first part was originally published in 1612. ↩

  2255. Sir Anthony Bateman. ↩

  2256. Elizabeth Falkener, wife of John Falkener, announced to Pepys the death of “her dear and loving husband” in a letter dated July 19th, 1664 “begs interest that she may be in something considered by the person succeeding her husband in his employment, which has occasioned great expenses.” (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 646) ↩

  2257. Sturbridge Fair, which is still held, is of great antiquity. The first trace of it is to be found in a charter granted about 1211 by King John to the Lepers of the Hospital of St. Mary Magdalen at Sturbridge by Cambridge. The fair was to be held in the close of the hospital on the vigil and feast of the Holy Cross. The name is derived from the little river of Stere or Sture, flowing into the Cam near Cambridge. ↩

  2258. Gardener’s Lane, Westminster, between King Street and Duke Street. ↩

  2259. James Huysman (1656⁠–⁠96). In Walpole’s Anecdotes of Painting he is said to have “rivalled Lely, and with reason.” ↩

  2260. In the Royal Collection.

    “The dress is that of a cavalier about the time of the Civil War, buff with blue ribands.”

    Walpole’s Anecdotes of Painting, ed. Dallaway, vol. ii, p. 122, note

    ↩

  2261. Huysman is said by Walpole to have been himself most partial to his picture of Queen Catherine. “He created himself the queen’s painter, and to justify it, made her sit for every Madonna or Venus that he drew.” ↩

  2262. William Penn, afterwards the famous Quaker. P. Gibson, writing to him in March, 1711⁠–⁠12, says: “I remember your honour very well, when you newly came out of France and wore pantaloon breeches.” ↩

  2263. Tom Edwards made love to Mrs. Pepys’s chambermaid Jane (see February 11th, 1667⁠–⁠68), and Jane had a fit of jealousy on August 19th, 1668, but the two were married on March 26th, 1669. There is some confusion in the Diary between the Pepys’s chambermaids named Jane, for reference is made to Jane Wayneman and to Jane Gentleman, but it appears from the marriage licence that Tom’s wife was Jane Birch. The licence is as follows: “Thomas Edwards, of St. Olave, Hart Street, London, gent., bachelor, about 25, and Jane Birch, of same, spinster, about 24, and at own disposal, at St. Olave aforesaid, 19 March, 1668⁠–⁠69” (Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, col. 443). Tom Edwards’s death is referred to in a letter from Pepys to Sir Richard Haddock, dated August 20th, 1681 (Rawlinson, A. 194, fol. 256, Bodleian Library). In the following year Pepys got his orphan son into Christ’s Hospital, as appears by a letter dated April 7th, 1682: “This will be brought by the widow Jane Edwards, mother of the boy Samuel Edwards, for whom Sir John Frederick has been pleased by your hand to send me a paper for his admission into the hospital. His father was his Majesty’s servant in the Navy for near twenty years past, and lately died an officer therein, leaving this poor woman with two small children (whereof this, being between nine and ten years old, is the eldest), and without aught more towards her and their support (through his and her long and chargeable sickness) than what she can earn in service” (Pepys’s Life, Journals, and Correspondence, 1841, vol. i, p. 284). ↩

  2264. Unlucky (infelix). ↩

  2265. Walter Porter published Mottets of two Voices for Treble or Tenor and Basse, etc., to be performed to an Organ, Harpsichord, Lute or Base-Viol. London 1657. ↩

  2266. Mrs. Ferrabosco was probably the daughter of Alphonso Ferrabosco, himself the son of Ben Jonson’s friend. ↩

  2267. The Henrietta (previously the Langport) was a third-rate of fifty guns, built at Horselydown in 1654 by Mr. Bright (Archæologia, vol. xlviii, p. 170). ↩

  2268. Pepys referred to this same play on September 24th, 1662. ↩

  2269. Herr Van Goch, ambassador from the States-General. ↩

  2270. At a meeting of the Royal Society on September 14th, 1664, it was resolved that “Prince Rupert be desired by Sir Robert Moray to try in his expedition to Guinea the sounding of depths without a line and the fetching up of water from the bottom of the sea” (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. i, p. 467). ↩

  2271. Mr. Margets, a rope merchant near the Custom House, is mentioned in the examination of Eliz. Oldroyd, July 12th, 1664 (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 639). ↩

  2272. Pepys would have been more proud of his cousin had he anticipated her husband’s becoming a knight, for she was probably the same person whose burial is recorded in the register of St. Helen’s, Bishopsgate, September 4th, 1704: “Dame Sarah Gyles, widow, relict of Sir John Gyles.” —⁠B. ↩

  2273. A comedy by Sir William Davenant, first published in 1668. It is an alteration of The Two Noble Kinsmen. Harris played Theocles Betterton, Philander. Gosnell is not mentioned in the cast by Downes. The character of Celania was afterwards acted by Mrs. Davis, who captivated Charles II in this part. ↩

  2274. Pepys’s sister Paulina. ↩

  2275. Afterwards Queen Mary II. ↩

  2276. Among the State Papers is a “Statement of Articles in the Covenant proposed by the Commissioners for the Royal Fishing to, Sir Ant. Desmarces & Co. in reference to the regulation of lotteries; which are very unreasonable, and of the objections thereto” (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1663⁠–⁠64, p. 576.) ↩

  2277. Baulmes, at Hoxton, belonged to Sir George Whitmore, of Barnes, in Surrey, who was Lord Mayor in 1631, and a great sufferer for the royal cause. His daughter Anne, mentioned by Pepys, Febniary 28th, 1663⁠–⁠64, married Sir John Robinson, Lieutenant of the Tower. Baulmes is described as an old square mansion, with two storeys in the roof; it was afterwards converted into a madhouse, and demolished in the year 1852. —⁠B. ↩

  2278. Sir Alexander Fraizer (see note 851). ↩

  2279. Magd: Coll: Register Book
    Septr 19º 1649.

    Mem: eū in ordinem com̃ensaliū cooptatū fuisse Apr: 17° 1651 Tutore hoc tempore Dno Morland.

    Joannes Skeffington filius Ricardi Skeffington, equitis, de coventriâ, annum agens decimum septimum, admissus est Pensionarius, Tutore Mro Merryweather.

    —⁠M. B.

    Sir John Skeffington married Mary, only daughter and heir of Sir John Clotworthy, who was in 1660 created Viscount Massareene of Ireland, with remainder to his son-in-law, Sir John Skeffington, who succeeded as second Viscount in 1665, and died in 1695. —⁠B. ↩

  2280. In Lord Clarendon’s Essay, “On the Decay of Respect Paid to Age,” he says that in his younger days he never kept his hat on before those older than himself, except at dinner. —⁠B. ↩

  2281. At the Commencement (Comitia Majora) in July, the Prævaricator, or Varier, held a similar position to the Tripos at the Comitia Minora. He was so named from varying the question which he proposed, either by a play upon the words or by the transposition of the terms in which it was expressed. Under the pretence of maintaining some philosophical question, he poured out a medley of absurd jokes and personal ridicule, which gradually led to the abolition of the office. In Thoresby’s Diary we read, “Tuesday, July 6th. The Prævaricator’s speech was smart and ingenious, attended with vollies of hurras” (see Wordsworth’s University Life in the Eighteenth Century). —⁠M. B.

    In Dean Peacock’s work on the Statutes of the University of Cambridge, Appendix A, p. xxvi, there is an interesting account of the Varier or Prævaricator. —⁠B. ↩

  2282. Apparently Lawrence Dupuy, who was associated with other projectors in the promotion of lotteries. ↩

  2283. Both these plays were by Beaumont and Fletcher, or probably by Fletcher alone. ↩

  2284. Roger Boyle, Lord Broghill, created Earl of Orrery, 1660. Died October 16th, 1679. A tragicomedy with the same title has been attributed to Shirley. The Rev. T. Morrice, n his memoirs of Lord Orrery, says that Charles II “was the first to put my Lord upon writing plays, which his Majesty did on occasion of a dispute that arose in his royal presence about writing plays in rhyme; some affirmed it was not to be done, others said it would spoil the fancy to be so confined, but Lord Orrery was of another opinion, and his Majesty being willing a trial should be made, commanded his Lordship to employ some of his leisure that way, which my Lord readily did, and upon that occasion composed the Black Prince” (Orrery’s State Letters, vol. i, p. 81). ↩

  2285. Austin Friars, Old Broad Street. At the dissolution of the monasteries the house and grounds of the Augustine Friars were bestowed on William Paulet, first Marquis of Winchester. In 1602 the necessities of William, fourth marquis, compelled him to sell his property to John Swinnerton, afterwards Lord Mayor. ↩

  2286. Captain (afterwards Sir Robert) Holmes’ expedition to attack the Dutch settlements in Africa eventuated in an important exploit. Holmes suddenly left the coast of Africa, sailed across the Atlantic, and reduced the Dutch settlement of New Netherlands to English rule, under the title of New York. “The short and true state of the matter is this: the country mentioned was part of the province of Virginia, and, as there is no settling an extensive country at once, a few Swedes crept in there, who surrendered the plantations they could not defend to the Dutch, who, having bought the charts and papers of one Hudson, a seaman, who, by the commission from the crown of England, discovered a river, to which he gave his name, conceited they had purchased a province. Sometimes, when we had strength in those parts, they were English subjects; at others, when that strength declined, they were subjects of the United Provinces. However, upon King Charles’s claim the States disowned the title, but resumed it during our confusions. On March 12th, 1663⁠–⁠64, Charles II granted it to the Duke of York⁠ ⁠… The King sent Holmes, when he returned, to the Tower, and did not discharge him; till he made it evidently appear that he had not infringed the law of nations.” (Campbell’s Naval History, vol. ii, p. 89). How little did the King or Holmes himself foresee the effects of the capture. —⁠B. ↩

  2287. Dry = hard, as “hard cash.” ↩

  2288. There were several houses in the neighbourhood of the Navy House with the sign of the Horseshoe; one was in St. Dunstan’s in the East and another on Great Tower Hill. ↩

  2289. See Poems on State Affairs, vol. i, p. 32. —⁠B. ↩

  2290. “The picture usually placed before the king’s book, which Pepys says he saw ‘put up in Bishopsgate church,’ was not engraved for the Είκων Βασιλική, but relates to the frontispiece of the large folio Common Prayer Book of 1661, which consists of a sort of pattern altarpiece, which it was intended should generally be placed in the churches. The design is a sort of classical affair, derived in type from the ciborium of the ancient and continental churches; a composition of two Corinthian columns, engaged or disengaged, with a pediment. It occurs very frequently in the London churches, and may be occasionally remarked in country-town churches, especially those restored at the king’s coming in. Anyone who has ever seen the great Prayer Book of 1661, will at once recognize the allusion; and it is a well-known fact that the frontispiece was drawn and engraved for the purpose mentioned above.”

    Gentleman’s Magazine, March, 1849, p. 226

    —⁠B. ↩

  2291. There is a token, “At the Mouth Tavern without Bishop Gate. R.K.S.” (Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 540). ↩

  2292. This refers to the buildings erected by Lord Treasurer Southampton in what is now Bloomsbury Square. His mansion, afterwards known as Bedford House, occupied the whole north side of that square. ↩

  2293. Nan Wright, afterwards Mrs. Markham (see August 16th, 1666). ↩

  2294. The witty Sir Charles Sedley is frequently referred to by Pepys in the Diary. ↩

  2295. There does not appear to have been any play with this title. It evidently was the Parson’s Wedding, referred to October 11th. ↩

  2296. Henry Oldenburg was secretary of the Royal Society from 1663 to 1677. Mr. Herbert Rix, assistant-secretary to the Royal Society, has contributed to Nature, November 2nd, 1893 (vol. xlix, p. 9), an interesting account of Oldenburg. ↩

  2297. “There seems to be a curious fate reigning over the instruments which have the word ‘arch’ prefixed to their name. They have no vitality, and somehow or other come to grief. Even the famous archlute, which was still a living thing in the time of Handel, has now disappeared from the concert room and joined Mr. Pepys’s ‘Arched Viol’ in the limbo of things forgotten.⁠ ⁠… Mr. Pepys’s verdict that it would never do⁠ ⁠… has been fully confirmed by the event, as his predictions usually were, being indeed always founded on calm judgment and close observation.”

    Hueffer’s Italian and Other Studies, 1883, p. 263

    —⁠B. ↩

  2298. Rupert. ↩

  2299. There is a token of the “Beare tavern in Cornhill, 1656. R.W.D.” (Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 573). ↩

  2300. The church of Allhallows Barking, situated at the east end of Great Tower Street. ↩

  2301. “The duke had decided that the English fleet should consist of three squadrons to be commanded by himself, Prince Rupert, and Lord Sandwich, from which arrangement the two last, who were land admirals; had concluded that Penn would have no concern in this fleet. Neither the duke, Rupert, nor Sandwich had ever been engaged in an encounter of fleets.⁠ ⁠… Penn alone of the four was familiar with all these things. By the duke’s unexpected announcement that he should take Penn with him into his own ship, Rupert and Sandwich at once discovered that they would be really and practically under Penn’s command in everything.”

    Granville Penn’s Memorials of Sir William Penn, vol. ii, p. 295

    ↩

  2302. Philip Herbert, who succeeded as fifth Earl of Pembroke in 1650. He died December 11th, 1669. ↩

  2303. A comedy written by Thomas Killigrew in Switzerland, published in 1663. It is included in Dodsley’s Old Plays, ed. Hazlitt, vol. xiv. ↩

  2304. Thomas Clifford, born at Ugbrooke, Devon, August 1st, 1630, and educated at Exeter College, Oxford. He attended Charles II in exile, and represented Totnes in the Convention Parliament and in that of 1661. He was knighted as a reward for the delivery of several speeches on behalf of the royal prerogative. After having distinguished himself at sea and acting as Envoy Extraordinary to the courts of Denmark and Sweden, he was, on November 8th, 1666, made Comptroller of the Household, and on December 5th he was sworn of the Privy Council. In 1672 he was made Secretary of State, on April 22nd created Baron Clifford, and in November raised to the post of Lord High Treasurer, which he held till June, 1673. Died September, 1673, in the forty-fourth year of his age. ↩

  2305. Colbert, in his desire to establish French colonies, wished to found one on the Mediterranean coast of Africa. For this purpose the Due de Beaufort, High Admiral of France, took possession, on July 22nd, 1664, of Gigeri, in the province of Bugia, and he placed a garrison there under the command of Lieutenant-General Guadagni. The duke had scarcely retired before the Moors attacked the place in great force, and with such success, that Guadagni thought himself happy in evacuating it with safety. He embarked on the night of the 29th October, abandoning his artillery and stores. The regiment of Picardy perished by shipwreck. —⁠B. ↩

  2306. Welwyn. ↩

  2307. Jeremiah White, see note 693. ↩

  2308. The Protector wished the Duke of Buckingham to marry his daughter Frances. She married, 1. Robert Rich, grandson and heir to Robert, Earl of Warwick, on November 11th, 1657, who died in the following February; 2. Sir John Russell, Bart. She died January 27th, 1721⁠–⁠22, aged eighty-four.

    In T. Morrice’s life of Roger, Earl of Orrery, prefixed to Orrery’s State Letters (Dublin, 1743, vol. i, p. 40), there is a circumstantial account of an interview between Orrery (then Lord Broghill) and Cromwell, in which the former suggested to the latter that Charles II should marry Frances Cromwell. Cromwell gave great attention to the reasons urged, “but walking two or three turns, and pondering with himself, he told Lord Broghill the king would never forgive him the death of his father. His lordship desired him to employ somebody to sound the king in this matter, to see how he would take it, and offered himself to mediate in it for him. But Cromwell would not consent, but again repeated, ‘The king cannot and will not forgive the death of his father;’ and so he left his lordship, who durst not tell him he had already dealt with his majesty in that affair. Upon this my lord withdrew, and meeting Cromwell’s wife and daughter, they inquired how he had succeeded; of which having given them an account, he added they must try their interest in him, but none could prevail.” ↩

  2309. Samuel Sorbière published his Voyage to England at Paris in 1664, but a translation into English does not appear to have been published until 1709. The work created a great sensation, and Louis XIV showed his displeasure by a temporary banishment of the author. It is, however, entertaining, and can be read with advantage as a picture of the time. Sorbière died in 1670. It is not clear whether Sorbière invented or only repeated the story here related, which has been disposed of by the discovery of Charles I’s coffin in 1813; and, indeed, how any doubt upon this subject could have arisen, seems extraordinary, considering that several persons were present at the interment, and that we have Sir T. Herbert’s testimony as to the fact in his published Memoirs. See also Diary, February 26th, 1665⁠–⁠66, when Pepys was shown the place where the late king was buried in St. George’s Chapel, and Fuller’s Church History, book xi, p. 327. Sir Henry Halford published, in 1813, “An Account of what appeared on opening the Coffin of K. Charles I at Windsor,” which was reprinted in Essays and Orations, 1831, 1842. ↩

  2310. No clue to the meaning of the word ora in this position has been found. ↩

  2311. William Cecil, second Earl of Salisbury, K.G., who took the side of the Parliament during the Civil Wars. He died December 3rd, 1668, aged seventy-seven. See his character, “despicable to all men,” drawn by Lord Clarendon, History of the Rebellion, book vi, ed. Macray, 1888, vol. ii, p. 542. ↩

  2312. Sir John Colladon, M.D., of St. Martin’s in the Fields, see note 1937. ↩

  2313. Edward Griffin, of Braybrooke, in Northamptonshire, at this time Lieutenant-Colonel in the Duke of York’s Regiment of Foot Guards, now called the Coldstream; he was raised to the peerage in 1688 by the title of Lord Griffin, and followed the fortunes of his royal master after the Revolution, and was outlawed. Being taken prisoner in the attempted invasion of Scotland in 1708, he was committed to the Tower, and died there in confinement in November, 1710. He married Lady Essex Howard, eldest daughter, and one of the two co-heirs of James Howard, third Earl of Suffolk. Their grandson, Edward, third Lord Griffin, dying s.p.m., in 1742, the barony became extinct. —⁠B. ↩

  2314. The Law of Charitable Uses: wherein the Statute of 43 Eliz. chap. 4, is set forth and explained.⁠ ⁠… London, 1660, by John Herhe. A second edition, “much enlarged,” was published in 1663. ↩

  2315. Mary Pepys’s husband is mentioned again on December 11th of this year, but his name is not given. She died in December, 1667. ↩

  2316. Daniel O’Neale, third husband of Lady Catherine Stanhope, created Countess of Chesterfield after her first husband’s death. “Mr. O’Neale, of the Bedchamber, died yesterday, very rich, and left his old lady all” (Ed. Savage to Dr. Sancroft, October 25th, 1664, Harl. MS. 3785, fol. 19). See note 1461, where the monumental inscription quoted must be incorrect as to date. It is impossible to verify this, as the Rev. Howard A. Watson, rector of Boughton Malherbe, informs the editor that the monument no longer exists in the church. It appears, from a description in Hasted’s Kent, that the monument was injudiciously placed within the altar rails, where it was found so inconvenient that it was removed in the last century to allow room for the service of the altar. The Countess of Chesterfield died in 1666 (see Letters of Philip, Second Earl of Chesterfield, p. 33). ↩

  2317. “The Royal Catharine, of eighty-two guns. It was observed, that just upon her launching there appeared a fair rainbow, once the sign of a covenant betwixt God and the world, that it should never perish by water and we hope it will prove as auspicious to this vessel.”

    The News, October 27th, 1664

    On this day there was a meeting of the Royal Society, but the “greatest part of the members were absent, being gone to Woolwich, together with the King and Council and most of the Court, to see the great ship St. Catharine launched” (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. i, p. 477, note). ↩

  2318. Katharine Boynton, daughter of Matthew, second son to Sir Matthew Boynton, Bart., of Barnston, Yorkshire. She became the first wife of Richard Talbot, afterwards Duke of Tyrconnel. ↩

  2319. Mary, daughter of Thomas, third Lord Fairfax, born 1639; married to George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, September 6th, 1657. She has been described as “a most virtuous and pious lady in a vicious age and court.” Died 1705. ↩

  2320. He had built the ship. ↩

  2321. Thomas Foley, afterwards of Witley Court. He was the grandfather of the first Lord Foley, and died October 1st, 1677, aged fifty-nine. His portrait is engraved in Nash’s History of Worcestershire. —⁠B. ↩

  2322. Sir John Laurence, afterwards distinguished for his great benevolence during the period of the great plague. The king and queen were present at the banquet (The Intelligencer, October 31st, 1664). ↩

  2323. Perhaps we should read Sir Thomas Bridges, who was made a K.B. at the Restoration (Kennett’s Chronicle). —⁠B. ↩

  2324. Reform, i.e. disband. See Memoirs of Sir John Reresby, September 2nd, 1651. “A great many younger brothers and reformed officers of the King’s army depended upon him for their meat and drink.” So reformado, a discharged or disbanded officer. —⁠M. B. ↩

  2325. Knees of timber (see note 1943). ↩

  2326. The Royal Charles was the Duke of York’s ship, and Sir William Penn, who hoisted his flag in the Royal James on November 8th, shifted to the Royal Charles on November 30th. The duke gave Penn the command of the fleet immediately under himself. On Penn’s monument he is styled “Great Captain Commander under His Royal Highness” (Penn’s Memorials of Sir William Penn, vol. ii, p. 296). ↩

  2327. Captain John Taylor was appointed Commissioner for Harwich, March 23rd, 1664⁠–⁠65, and he held the office until 1668. Sir William Coventry, writing to Secretary Bennet (November 14th, 1664), refers to the objections made to Taylor, and adds:

    “Thinks the King will not easily consent to his rejection, as he is a man of great abilities and dispatch, and was formerly laid aside at Chatham on the Duchess of Albemarle’s earnest interposition for another. He is a fanatic, it is true, but all hands will be needed for the work cut out; there is less danger of them in harbour than at sea, and profit will convert most of them.”

    Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 68

    ↩

  2328. Thomas Middleton, whose title of Colonel appears to be due to his having held office in the Parliamentary army. He was appointed Commissioner for Portsmouth, January 3rd, 1664⁠–⁠65, which office he held until 1667, when he became Surveyor of the Navy. He retired in 1672. ↩

  2329. This was Sir William Davenant’s alteration of Shakespeare’s play, which was described by Downes “as being in the nature of an opera.” Malone says that it was first acted in 1663. It was not printed until 1673. ↩

  2330. This was a Committee of the Privy Council appointed to superintend navy affairs. ↩

  2331. The warrant for a commission appointing John, Lord Berkeley of Stratton, Sir John Buncombe, and Thomas Chicheley to execute the office of Master of Ordnance, void by death of Sir William Compton, is dated October 24th, 1664 (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 41). Sir John Duncombe was the son of Sir Edward Buncombe of Battlesden. He was knighted by Charles I while the king was a prisoner at Carisbrooke Castle. He was M.P. for Bury St. Edmunds in the parliaments of 1660 and 1661, and was appointed a Commissioner of the Treasury in 1667. In 1672 he became, on the resignation of Ashley, Chancellor of the Exchequer. Burnet describes him as “a judicious man, but very haughty, and apt to raise enemies. He was an able Parliament man, but could not go into all the designs of the Court: for he had a sense of religion and a zeal for the liberty of his country” (Own Time, vol. i, p. 437, ed. 1833). ↩

  2332. Sir William Penn, writing to Coventry, November 16th, 1664, says that one hundred and six men were put on board the Henry. ↩

  2333. See ante, November 7th. ↩

  2334. The Duke of Monmouth took the name of Scott in 1663 on his marriage to Lady Anne Scott, daughter and sole heir of Francis, Earl of Buccleuch. ↩

  2335. The publication of the romance of Cleopatra, by Gautier de Costes, Seigneur de la Calprenede, was commenced in 1646. Dunlop says of it: “The basis is historical, but few of the incidents are consistent with historical truth.” ↩

  2336. Arthur Annesley (1614⁠–⁠86) succeeded his father as second Viscount Valentia in November, 1660, and was created Baron Annesley and Earl of Anglesey in April, 1661. ↩

  2337. Pepys had “To be or not to be” set to music, and it will be found in his collection of Songs and Other Compositions (No. 2591), in the volume devoted to “Compositions, Grave.” ↩

  2338. The Elias frigate foundered one hundred and forty leagues from shore on the coast of New England. One hundred and twenty men were lost, and only twenty-one saved by the Martin. ↩

  2339. The Calendars of State Papers are full of references to applications for Commissionerships of the Prize Office. In December, 1664, the Navy Committee appointed themselves the Commissioners for Prize Goods, Sir Henry Bennet being appointed comptroller, and Lord Ashley treasurer. ↩

  2340. Thomas Foley, the ironmonger. ↩

  2341. Sir George Lane was secretary to the Duke of Ormonde, and his name frequently appears in the Carte Papers. He was created Viscount Lanesborough in the peerage of Ireland in 1676. ↩

  2342. William, second Viscount Brouncker of Castlelyons in the peerage of Ireland, was appointed an extra Commissioner of the Navy on December 7th, 1664. ↩

  2343. See ante, note 2327, for Coventry’s opinion of the objection to Taylor. ↩

  2344. Captain Sir Thomas Teddiman (or Tyddiman) had been appointed Rear-Admiral of Lord Sandwich’s squadron of the English fleet. In a letter from Sir William Coventry to Secretary Bennet, dated November 13th, 1664, we read, “Rear Admiral Teddeman with four or five ships has gone to course in the Channel, and if he meet any refractory Dutchmen will teach them their duty” (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 66). ↩

  2345. See ante, note 2339. ↩

  2346. If they made the attempt to put to sea. —⁠B. ↩

  2347. Captain George Cocke was officially styled Receiver for Sick and Wounded and Prisoners. Evelyn refers to him as “our Treasurer.” ↩

  2348. Chocolate (see note 1043). ↩

  2349. This was probably at Vauxhall, where Morland lived for several years. ↩

  2350. John Vaughan, M.P. (see ante, note 2116). ↩

  2351. Psalms and Hymns, with the music in iv Parts by Tho. Ravenscroft, was published at London in 1621. ↩

  2352. Thomas Hill, a merchant, whom Pepys describes, in his Collection of Signs Manual, as “my friend, who died at Lisbon in 1675.” —⁠B. ↩

  2353. See ante, September 10th, 1664. ↩

  2354. According to Clarendon the officer here alluded to was a major in Cromwell’s own regiment of horse, and employed by him to treat with Charles I whilst at Hampton Court; but being convinced of the insincerity of the proceeding, communicated his suspicions to that monarch, and immediately gave up his commission. We hear no more of Huntington till the Restoration, when his name occurs with those of many other officers, who tendered their services to the king. His reasons for laying down his commission are printed in Thurloe’s State Papers and Maseres’s Tracts. —⁠B. ↩

  2355. Lord Annesly is an incorrect description of Arthur Annesley, first Earl of Anglesey, although in addition to his earldom he bore the title of Baron Annesley of Newport Paganel. ↩

  2356. On May 27th, 1666, Pepys refers to Mr. and Mrs. Norbury as his uncle and aunt. ↩

  2357. The word aunt may either refer to Mrs. Wight or to Mrs. Norbury. ↩

  2358. The William is frequently mentioned in the Calendar of State Papers, 1664⁠–⁠65. In November, 1664, Captain George Erwin was appointed commander of the ship. ↩

  2359. The French Protestant Church in Threadneedle Street (originally St. Anthony’s Hospital), burnt in the Great Fire. ↩

  2360. See ante, November 27th. Dr. Hueffer wrote (Italian and Other Studies), “Ravenscroft belonged to an earlier generation of musicians, and Mr. Pepys might well find his style a trifle monotonous compared with the Italian and French songs he was wont to listen to. But apart from this, and looking upon Ravenscroft in connection with the writers of his own time, the modest censure of the diarist will not be found without some show of reason. Thomas Ravenscroft was a theorist and a pedant of the deepest dye, as the very title of his absurd attempt at reviving obsolete practices of bygone days is sufficient to show. Here it is: A Briefe Discourse of the True (but neglected) use of charact’ring the Degrees by their perfection, imperfection, and diminution in measurable Music against the common practise and custome of these times; examples whereof are exprest in the Harmony of 4 voices concerning the Pleasure of 5 usuall recreations, 1 Hunting, 2 Hawking, 3 Dancing, 4 Drinking, 5 Enamouring, 1614.” ↩

  2361. The Duke of York’s Instructions for the Government of the Navy Office (see note 1323). ↩

  2362. William Caesar, musical composer and teacher of the lute, is frequently mentioned in the Diary. Some of his songs are found in different collections of the time under the name of William Caesar alias Smegergill. ↩

  2363. Charles Berkeley, created Baron Berkeley of Rathdown in 1661, Viscount Fitzharding of Bearhaven in 1663, and Earl of Falmouth in 1665. He was appointed Keeper of the Privy Purse to Charles II in October, 1662. ↩

  2364. Eldest son of the Earl of Clancarty and nephew of the Duke of Ormonde. He had served with distinction in Flanders, as colonel of an infantry regiment, and was killed on board the Duke of York’s ship in the sea-fight, 1665. Ormonde, writing to his mother to announce the sad news, says, “his death is a great loss to his friends and family, and is as generally lamented here (Whitehall) as anybody’s.” ↩

  2365. Because so many of the Irish were Roman Catholics. —⁠B. ↩

  2366. This comet produced a large amount of literature. The eminent astronomer Mr. J. R. Hind, F.R.S., has a short anonymous article on it in Nature, February 7th, 1884, p. 345. ↩

  2367. See ante, note 2204. ↩

  2368. Roger L’Estrange, Licenser of the Press and pamphleteer. See note 1924. ↩

  2369. To buckle = to give way or to prepare to give assent. ↩

  2370. A brunette, see note 878. ↩

  2371. Jonson’s Catiline was not revived until December 19th, 166S, when it was acted by the King’s Company. Hart took the character of Catiline; Mohun, Cathegus; and Burt, Cicero. Mrs. Corey was Sempronia. ↩

  2372. Coying = stroking or caressing with the hand. ↩

  2373. Captain John Taylor, see ante, note 2327. ↩

  2374. John Mordaunt, second son of John, first Earl of Peterborough, born June 18th, 1626; created Baron Mordaunt of Reigate and Viscount Mordaunt of Avalon, July 10th, 1659. Died June 5th, 1675. ↩

  2375. Sir Theophilus Biddulph, of Westcombe, Kent, who had been previously knighted, was made a baronet, November 2nd, 1664. He was then serving in parliament for Lichfield. —⁠B. ↩

  2376. Pepys was wrong as to the name of Sir William Petty’s new doublekeeled boat. On February 13th, 1664⁠–⁠65, he gives the correct title, which was The Experiment. ↩

  2377. Sir George Downing wrote to Lord Chancellor Clarendon from the Hague on the 29th December, “I need not tell your Lordshipp what a noise the business of De Ruyter’s success in Guinea hath made here, and how much it hath putt life into ye com̃on people; on the other hand, those that looke higher and nearer into business say that this doth justifie, beyond all dispute, what his Majestie hath done here in ye Channell” (Lister’s Life of Clarendon, vol. iii, p. 358). ↩

  2378. It is one of the twenty-four comets of which the observations have been collected in Halley’s Astronomiæ Cometicæ Synopsis. —⁠B. ↩

  2379. St. Dionis Backchurch. The rector in 1664 was John Castilion, D.D., afterwards Bishop of Exeter. The preacher may have been Richard Meggot, D.D., who was appointed Canon of Windsor in 1677 and Dean of Winchester in 1679. He died December 7th, 1692, and was buried in St. George’s Chapel, Windsor. ↩

  2380. As a charm against the colic, see post, January 20th, 1664⁠–⁠65. ↩

  2381. This family register is written in longhand. ↩

  2382. The word “mort” must have been in some instances added long after the entry was first made. —⁠B. ↩

  2383. To this name is affixed in shorthand the following note: “Went to reside in Magd. Coll. Camb. and did put on my gown first, March 5, 1650⁠–⁠51.” —⁠B. ↩

  2384. The first of these charms is written in longhand, but the remainder are in shorthand. ↩

  2385. There can be no reasonable cause for doubting this to refer to the famous song, “To all you ladies now at land,” written by Lord Buckhurst (afterwards Earl of Dorset), and the reference has therefore a very distinct literary value, because it proves that the song was not “made the night before the engagement” of June 3rd, 1665, an opinion which was universally held until this passage was printed. There is nothing in the song itself to indicate any particular time when it was written, and it appears that the first to fix the exact period was Prior the poet (who was born in 1664). In the dedication of his poems to Lionel, Earl of Dorset and Middlesex, Prior states that the earl’s father wrote the celebrated sea song “the night before the engagement with the Dutch in 1665.” Dr. Johnson, in his Lives of the Poets, says, “seldom any splendid story is wholly true,” and adds that Lord Orrery told him that Lord Buckhurst had been a week employed upon it, and only retouched or finished it on the memorable evening. Lord Braybrooke was criticised for supposing that Pepys referred to Buckhurst’s song, and therefore he entered fully into his own defence, summing up as follows: “In the absence of certain evidence, we cannot decide upon the fact; but all accounts agree in representing Buckhurst as having served as a volunteer under the Duke of York, whose first cruise took place in November, 1664. Perhaps, then, the ballad was written at this time, when an action between the two fleets was only delayed by the Dutch retiring to port. Thus Pepys might well have seen the song in January, 1664⁠–⁠65; and it still may have been retouched, and brought out with èclat during the excitement consequent upon the victory of June 3rd following. Nor is it, indeed, easy to imagine that anyone ever wrote a ballad when about to take part in a great naval conflict or that, if two songs had been contemporaneously composed on the same subject, with titles so nearly identical, one only should be known to exist.” The song became popular immediately, and has never lost its popularity. An immense number of imitations have appeared, and reference to some of these is made by the Rev. J. W. Ebsworth in his valuable edition of the Bagford Ballads (p. 615). ↩

  2386. Micrographia: Or Some Physiological Descriptions of Minute Bodies Made by Magnifying Glasses, London, 1665, a very remarkable work with elaborate plates, some of which have been used for lecture illustrations almost to our own day. On November 23rd, 1664, the President of the Royal Society was “desired to sign a licence for printing of Mr. Hooke’s microscopical book.” At this time the book was mostly printed, but it was delayed, much to Hooke’s disgust, by the examination of several Fellows of the Society. In spite of this examination the council were anxious that the author should make it clear that he alone was responsible for any theory put forward, and they gave him notice to that effect. Hooke made this clear in his dedication (see Birch’s History, vol. i, pp. 490⁠–⁠491) ↩

  2387. Sir Philip Warwick lived in the Outer Spring Garden, and the site of his house is marked by Warwick Street, Cockspur Street. Warwick House was the residence of the Princess Charlotte of Wales at the beginning of the present century. ↩

  2388. Aubrey, Earl of Oxford, was Warden and Chief Justice in Eyre of the Royal Forests, Parks, Chases, and Warrens, South of Trent, from 1660 to 1673. He was then living in the Piazza, Covent Garden. ↩

  2389. The Comical Revenge, or Love in a Tub, a comedy by Sir George Etherege; licensed for printing, July 8th, 1664, but not published till 1669. It was acted by the Duke’s Company, and the Bettertons and Harris were in it. ↩

  2390. Joseph Beaumont, D.D., Prebendary of Ely, 1651, but not installed until 1660; Master of Jesus College, Cambridge, 1662⁠–⁠63, and of Peterhouse, 1663⁠–⁠1699, Regius Professor of Divinity, Cambridge, 1674. He died November 23rd, 1699. ↩

  2391. The Charter-book of the Royal Society, which contains the signatures of the Fellows of the Society from the foundation, is a volume of the greatest interest. At the meeting on January 11th, 1664⁠–⁠65, “The Charter-book of the Society was produced, wherein his Majesty, on the 9th of January, had written himself Charles R., Founder, and his Highness the Duke of York, James, Fellow; the Duke of Albemarle also having entered his name at the same time. The President was desired to kiss his Majesty’s hand for this honour” (Birch’s History, vol. ii, p. 4). ↩

  2392. For taking New York from the Dutch, see note 2286. ↩

  2393. John Belasyse, second son of Thomas, first Viscount Fauconberg, created Baron Belasyse of Worlaby, January 27th, 1644, Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire, and Governor of Hull. He was appointed Governor of Tangier, and Captain of the Band of Gentlemen Pensioners. He was a Roman Catholic, and therefore was deprived of all his appointments in 1672 by the provisions of the Test Act, but in 1684 James II made him First Commissioner of the Treasury. He died 1689. ↩

  2394. Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, and a Privy Councillor. Died 1671. —⁠B. ↩

  2395. These consultations must have been extra-official, as they are not mentioned in Birch’s History of the Royal Society. The spelling of the name Brouncker appears to have offered great difficulty to Pepys, for he sometimes writes it Brunker and sometimes Brunkard. ↩

  2396. See entry on January 14th, where the names of the ships are given as Phoenix and Nonsuch. The Phoenix was a fourth-rate, of thirty-eight guns, built at Woolwich in 1647 by Peter Pett, Jun. ↩

  2397. A tragedy by Shirley, licensed May 4th, 1631, and published 1635. Genest does not mention the acting of this play till 1692. ↩

  2398. See entry on January 11th. ↩

  2399. Ben Jonson’s comedy, Volpone, or the Fox, published 1605. ↩

  2400. Rushworth’s Historical Collections of Private Passages in State, etc., first appeared in 1659. Rushworth was born 1607, and died 1690 The reference is to the duke’s expedition to the Isle of Rhé. ↩

  2401. Among the State Papers is a letter from Captain Thomas Allin to Sir Richard Fanshaw, dated from “The Plymouth, Cadiz Bay,” December 25th, 1664, in which he writes: “On the 19th attacked with his seven ships left, a Dutch fleet of fourteen, three of which were men-of-war; sunk two vessels and took two others, one a rich prize from Smyrna; the others retired much battered. Has also taken a Dutch prize laden with iron and planks, coming from Lisbon (Calendar, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 122). ↩

  2402. The old form of the name Cadiz. ↩

  2403. Lord Ashley lived for several years at Exeter House (on the north side of the Strand), on the site of the present Burleigh and Exeter Streets. ↩

  2404. This word is blotted, and the whole sentence is confused. ↩

  2405. Thomas Hill married in the following year, and on July 14th, 1666, Pepys refers to the “young wife, and a blithe young woman she is.” ↩

  2406. Captain Robert Mohun, who eminently distinguished himself in the Dutch war, 1666. ↩

  2407. This statement of a total prohibition of all trade, and for so long a period as eighteen months, by a government so essentially commercial as that of the United Provinces, seems extraordinary. The fact was, that when in the beginning of the year 1665 the States General saw that the war with England was become inevitable, they took several vigorous measures, and determined to equip a formidable fleet, and with a view to obtain a sufficient number of men to man it, prohibited all navigation, especially in the great and small fisheries as they were then called, and in the whale fishery. This measure appears to have resembled the embargoes so commonly resorted to in this country on similar occasions, rather than a total prohibition of trade. —⁠B. ↩

  2408. Flags. ↩

  2409. Kept in commemoration of the martyrdom of Charles I. ↩

  2410. James Houblon, an eminent London merchant, remarkable for his piety and plainness. Two of his sons rose to great wealth, and became knights and aldermen. Sir James Houblon served in parliament for his native city. Sir John was Lord Mayor in 1695, and at the same time a Lord of the Admiralty and Governor of the Bank. The best account of the father is to be found in the subjoined epitaph, said to be written by Pepys.

    Jacobus Houblon,
    Londinas Petri filius,
    Ob fidem Flandriâ exulantis:
    Ex C. Nepotibus habuit LXX superstites:
    Filios V. videns mercatores florentissimos:
    Ipse Londinensis Bursæ Pater
    Piissimè obiit Nonagenarius,
    AD MDCLXXXIL

    —⁠B. ↩

  2411. On his appointment as Reader in Law. See March 3rd, 1664⁠–⁠65. ↩

  2412. The masquerade at Court took place on the 2nd, and is referred to by Evelyn, who was present, in his Diary. Some amusing incidents connected with the entertainment are related in the Grammont Memoirs (chapter vii). ↩

  2413. Richard Butler, second surviving son of James, Duke of Ormond, born July 15th, 1639. He was created Earl of Arran in Ireland in 1662, when his father was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and Baron Butler of Weston in the peerage of England in 1673. He died January 25th, 1685⁠–⁠86, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. ↩

  2414. Louis de Duras, Marquis de Blanquefort in France, born 1638, naturalized in England, October, 1665, in which year he was a volunteer with the English fleet. Created Baron Duras of Holdenby, January, 1672⁠–⁠73; and succeeded his father-in-law, George Sondes, as Earl of Feversham, in 1677; K.G., July 30th, 1685; Master of St. Catherine’s Hospital, 1698; and died April 19th, 1709. ↩

  2415. Sir Richard Willis, the betrayer of the Royalists, was one of the “Sealed Knot.” When the Restoration had become a certainty, he wrote to Clarendon imploring him to intercede for him with the king (see Lister’s Life of Clarendon, vol. iii, p. 87). ↩

  2416. On May 10th, 1665, Symond Emison wrote to the Navy Commissioners, sending a list of twelve men on board the Kingfisher at Harwich (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 359). ↩

  2417. Thomas Barlow, Pepys’s predecessor as Clerk of the Acts, to whom he paid part of the salary. Barlow held the office jointly with Dennis Fleming. ↩

  2418. The Court and Character of King James, Written and Taken by Sir Anthony Weldon, Being an Eye and Ear Witness, was published in 1650, and reprinted in 1651 under the title of Truth Brought to Light. Weldon’s book was answered in a work entitled Aulicus Coquinariæ. Both the original book and the answer were reprinted in The Secret History of the Court of King James, Edinburgh, 1811, two vols. (edited by Sir Walter Scott). ↩

  2419. The Divine Catastrophe of the Kingly Family of the House of Stuarts; or a Short History of the Rise, Reign and Ruin Thereof. By Sir Edward Peyton. London, 1652. Reprinted in The Secret History of the Court of King James, 1811. ↩

  2420. St. Lawrence Jewry. Dr. John Wilkins was vicar from 1662 to 1668, when he was appointed Bishop of Chester. He died November 19th, 1672, in Chancery Lane, and was buried, December 12th, in the church of St. Lawrence, under the north wall of the chancel. At this time the great Tillotson was lecturer at this church. Bishop Wilkins died at the house of Tillotson, who married his stepdaughter. ↩

  2421. Stoving, in sail-making, is the heating of the bolt-ropes, so as to make them pliable. —⁠B. ↩

  2422. Richard Penn, second son to Sir William Penn, who died in April, 1673, and was buried at Walthamstow. ↩

  2423. For relation of the loss of the Royal Oak, see Rawlinson MSS., A. 195, fol. 180 (Bodleian Library). —⁠B. ↩

  2424. According to the minutes of the Royal Society for February 15th, 1664⁠–⁠65, “Mr. Pepys was unanimously elected and admitted.” Notes of the experiments shown by Hooke and Boyle are given in Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, p. 15. ↩

  2425. Sir Paul Neile, of White Waltham, Berks, eldest son to Richard Neile, Archbishop of York (see note 959). ↩

  2426. Sir Robert Moray, one of the founders of the Royal Society, and President before the charter was obtained. He was made a Privy Councillor for Scotland after the Restoration. ↩

  2427. Daniel Whistler, Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, took the degree of M.D. at Leyden, 1645; and after practising in London, went as physician to the embassy, with Bulstrode Whitlock, into Sweden. On his return he became Fellow, and at length President, of the College of Physicians. He was Professor of Geometry at Gresham College, 1648⁠–⁠57, and died May 11th, 1684. ↩

  2428. Jonathan Goddard, M.D., F.R.S., born at Greenwich about 1617. He had been physician to Cromwell, who appointed him one of the Council of State. Professor of Physic at Gresham College, 1655. Member of the first Council of the Royal Society. Died March 24th, 1674⁠–⁠75. ↩

  2429. Dr. Robert Hooke, Professor of Geometry at Gresham College, and Curator of the Experiments to the Royal Society, of which he was one of the earliest and most distinguished members. He died March 3rd, 1702⁠–⁠3. ↩

  2430. Sir Thomas Harvey was appointed Extra Commissioner of the Navy in January, 1664⁠–⁠65, and succeeded Lord Berkeley. ↩

  2431. Apparently the wife of Christopher Battars, gunner of the Santa Maria. ↩

  2432. Battles or actions. ↩

  2433. “. The Lord Chancellor’s House, called ‘Clarendon House,’ is now almost finished. The chapel is quite completed, and was consecrated, when His Honour gave a rich Bible, the cover of which was of silver, and the Book of Common Prayer with the same covering, together with bowls and other vessels for the Sacrament, to the value of £1,000. A Sermon was preached that day by a Bishop.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    ↩

  2434. Clarendon House was situated where Albemarle Street now stands on the west side was Berkeley House, where Devonshire House now is. The house on the east side, said to have been built by Sir J. Denham, was Burlington House. These three houses were the first buildings in this part of Piccadilly. ↩

  2435. Or hammock-battens: cleats or battens nailed to the sides of a vessel’s beams, from which to suspend the seamen’s hammocks. ↩

  2436. Paymaster John Fenn, with whom Pepys was afterwards so familiar as to call him Jack. ↩

  2437. Frances Jenyns, eldest daughter of Richard Jenyns, of Holywell House, St. Alban’s, born in 1648, maid of honour to Anne, Duchess of York, married 1st, George Hamilton, second son of Sir George Hamilton and brother of Count Hamilton (author of the Memoirs of Grammont) he was killed in battle, June, 1676; and 2ndly, Colonel Richard Talbot created Earl of Tyrconnel in 1685. In 1689 the unacknowledged dukedom of Tyrconnel was conferred on him. He died August 14th, 1691. She died at Dublin, March 6th, 1730⁠–⁠31. ↩

  2438. This adventure is related in the Grammont Memoirs, chap. x. ↩

  2439. Philip Carteret was elected a Fellow at this meeting. Hooke and Boyle exhibited several experiments. ↩

  2440. Similar reports of the cruelty of the English to the Dutch in Guinea were credited in Holland, and were related by Downing in a letter to Clarendon from the Hague, dated April 14th, 1665 (Lister’s Life of Clarendon, vol. iii, p. 374). ↩

  2441. See note 1015. ↩

  2442. Hooke’s lecture was probably delivered by him as Professor at Gresham College. Mr. J. R. Hind, F.R.S., writes (Nature, February 7th, 1884, p. 345): “We do not remember to have met with other reference to this opinion of Hooke’s, though probably such must exist, and it is not easy to explain upon what grounds he founded the idea.⁠ ⁠… The comet referred to was the third of 1618. It was observed by Harriot at Sion House, Isleworth.” At the meeting of the Royal Society, a letter from Huyghens was read, in which that philosopher referred to “his agreement with Dr. Wren about the place of the comet.” In reference to this it was resolved, “That Mr. Hooke should extract out of his lecture a discourse upon the late comet, and fit it for the press” (Birch’s History, vol. ii, p. 19). ↩

  2443. Philip Carteret and Sir Nicholas Slaning, K.B., who married a daughter of Sir George Carteret. ↩

  2444. At the meeting of the Royal Society on March 1st, “Mr. Evelyn’s paper, intitled Panificium; or the several manners of making bread in France, etc., where by general consent the best bread is eaten, was read, and ordered to be registered” (Birch’s History, vol. ii, p. 19). ↩

  2445. In a letter to Secretary Bennet, dated March 9th, reference is made of “a rumour in the City that the aldermen and several companies will build the king a ship to be called the London” (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 247). ↩

  2446. Dr. Henry King. See note 591. ↩

  2447. William Howe obtained the Muster-mastership. ↩

  2448. Of the harbour of Portsmouth. See February 18th, 1664⁠–⁠65. ↩

  2449. Holmes’s imprisonment in the Tower is mentioned by Pepys on January 9th, 1664⁠–⁠65, and see note 2286. ↩

  2450. “The experiment of trying to poison a dog with some of the Macassar powder in which a needle had been dipped was made, but without success.” Pepys himself made a communication at this meeting of the information he had received from the master of the Jersey ship, who had been in company of Major Holmes in the Guinea voyage, concerning the pendulum watches (Birch’s History, vol. ii, p. 23). ↩

  2451. John Harris, who supplied sails to the Navy Office. His contracts are referred to in the Calendars of State Papers. ↩

  2452. For Tangier. ↩

  2453. Henry Brouncker, younger brother of William, Viscount Brouncker, President of the Royal Society. He was Groom of the Bedchamber to the Duke of York, and succeeded to the office of Cofferer on the death of William Ashburnham in 1671. His character was bad, and his conduct in the sea-fight of 1665 was impugned. He was expelled from the House of Commons, but succeeded to his brother’s title in 1684. He died in January, 1687. ↩

  2454. Daughter of William, Duke of Hamilton, wife of Lord Carnegy, who became Earl of Southesk on his father’s death. She is frequently mentioned in the Mémoires de Grammont, and in the letters of the second Earl of Chesterfield. —⁠B. ↩

  2455. The practice of striking tallies at the Exchequer was a curious survival of an ancient method of keeping accounts. The method adopted is described in Hubert Hall’s Antiquities and Curiosities of the Exchequer, 1891. The following account of the use of tallies, so frequently alluded to in the Diary, was supplied by Lord Braybrooke. Formerly accounts were kept, and large sums of money paid and received, by the King’s Exchequer, with little other form than the exchange or delivery of tallies, pieces of wood notched or scored, corresponding blocks being kept by the parties to the account; and from this usage one of the head officers of the Exchequer was called the tallier, or teller. These tallies were often negotiable; Adam Smith, in his Wealth of Nations, book ii, ch. xi, says that “in 1696 tallies had been at forty, and fifty, and sixty percent discount, and banknotes at twenty percent.” The system of tallies was discontinued in 1824; and the destruction of the old Houses of Parliament, in the night of October 16th, 1834, is thought to have been occasioned by the overheating of the flues, when the furnaces were employed to consume the tallies rendered useless by the alteration in the mode of keeping the Exchequer accounts. ↩

  2456. John Burrowes, Navy slopseller to the Navy Commissioners. ↩

  2457. A copy of Sir William Petty’s will, dated 1685, is in the British Museum (Add. MSS., No. 15,858, fol. 109). —⁠B. ↩

  2458. Mary Ducane, wife of James Houblon. They were married November 11th, 1620, and had twelve children. —⁠B. ↩

  2459. “Two experiments were made for the finding out a way to breathe under water, useful for divers.” The first was on a bird and the second on “a kitling” (Birch’s History, vol. ii, p. 25). ↩

  2460. Jane, daughter to Sir Robert Needham, is frequently mentioned in the Grammont Memoirs, and Evelyn calls her “that famous and indeed incomparable beauty” (Diary, August 2nd, 1683). Her portrait is in the Royal Collection amongst the beauties of Charles II’s Court. Sir Robert Needham was related to John Evelyn. ↩

  2461. Edmund Waller, born March 3rd, 1605, died October 21st, 1687. ↩

  2462. Clement Spelman, son of Sir Henry Spelman the antiquary. He was appointed Cursitor Baron of the Exchequer in 1663, and occupied the office till March, 1679. He died in the following June. ↩

  2463. In a letter of March 22nd, 1664⁠–⁠65, from the Duke of York to the Duke of Albemarle, on the power he assigns to him in his absence, printed in Memoirs of Naval Affairs, etc., 8vo, 1729, p. 51. On the 23rd the Duke of York assumed the command of the fleet against the Dutch. —⁠B. ↩

  2464. This was probably the Reports from 14 Elizabeth to 13 James I of Sir Edward Coke, and not his Institutes of the Laws of England. ↩

  2465. Blank in MS. ↩

  2466. Sir Charles Berkeley, Viscount Fitzharding (1663), and Earl of Falmouth (1665), killed in the sea-fight, June, 1665. ↩

  2467. This rumour was probably unfounded, as her son George Fitzroy (created Duke of Northumberland, 1683) was born December 28th of this year. ↩

  2468. Now first acted. Betterton took the character of Suleiman the Magnificent, and Mrs. Betterton, Roxelana. There was an earlier tragedy of this name, by Fulk Greville, Lord Brooke. ↩

  2469. Nell Gwynne. ↩

  2470. Rebecca Marshall. ↩

  2471. John Tooker, messenger to the Navy Commissioners. ↩

  2472. The French ambassadors were Henri de Bourbon, Duc de Verneuil, natural son of Henry IV and brother of Henrietta Maria, and M. de Courtin. —⁠B. ↩

  2473. St. Gabriel’s Fenchurch, “in the midst of Fenchurch Street,” opposite Cullum Street. The ground on which it stood was laid into the highway or street. The church was destroyed in the Great Fire, and was not rebuilt. ↩

  2474. Sir Edward Dering, of Surrenden Bering, Kent, which county he represented frequently in parliament. He was the second baronet of his family, and some time one of the Lords of the Treasury. He died in 1684. —⁠B. ↩

  2475. The Earl of Southampton. ↩

  2476. George Waterman, Sheriff of London, afterwards knighted, and Lord Mayor, 1672. —⁠B. ↩

  2477. Rear-Admiral Sir Thomas Tyddiman was attached to Lord Sandwich’s squadron. This report turned out to be a canard. He died in 1668. ↩

  2478. Edward Stillingfleet. He was then Preacher of the Rolls Chapel, and was this year presented to the rectory of St. Andrew’s, Holborn; Dean of St. Paul’s, 1678; Bishop of Worcester, 1689. He died of the gout, March 27th, 1699. ↩

  2479. Captain Silas Taylor. ↩

  2480. This is the celebrated “Charta Eadgari R. de Oswaldeslawe,” dat. Gloucester, December 28th, 964, mentioning not only the dominion of the sea, but also that Edgar had subdued the greatest part of Ireland, a piece of history which rests solely on the authority of this instrument. It is cited by Coke, Selden, Ussher, Dugdale, and Spelman, not to mention inferior names. Three copies existed; the finest and most complete, and probably the same which is here mentioned by Taylor, is now in the Harleian Collection in the British Museum. It is fully described in the Dissertatio Epistolaris (p. 86), prefixed by Hickes to his Thesaurus Linguarum Septentrionalium, and an engraved facsimile of the whole is given by him at the end. It is right to say that the charter is now generally considered to be a forgery executed in later times. —⁠B. ↩

  2481. Evertsen. There were two admirals of this name, John and Cornelius. ↩

  2482. Captain John Golding and nine of his men were killed. ↩

  2483. A comedy, on the authority of Downes (p. 26) attributed to a Mr. Holden, and probably never printed. —⁠B. ↩

  2484. John, Lord Robartes, Lord Privy Seal, 1661⁠–⁠73; created Earl of Radnor, 1679. Died July 17th, 1685. ↩

  2485. Sara Bodville, wife of Robert Robartes. See note 2152. ↩

  2486. “Sir Robert Moray presented the Society from the King with a phial of Florentine poison sent for by his Majesty from Florence, on purpose to have those experiments related of the efficacy thereof, tried by the Society.” The poison had little effect upon the kitten (Birch’s History, vol. ii, p. 31). ↩

  2487. Dr. Hueffer wrote respecting this passage:

    “If one may at this day decide such a question it would appear that Mr. Pepys had decidedly the best of the argument. We all know that the courante is a lively dance in 3:4 or 3:2 time, beginning with a short note at the end of the bar, and expressing, as Mattheson, writing a good many years after Pepys, discovered, ‘sweet hope, and in fact a combination of confidence, desire, and joy.’ But neither the Italian corrente of Corelli, nor yet the French courante as developed by Couperin and the great Bach, seems to bear out the law laid down by Captain Taylor.”

    Italian and Other Studies, p. 252

    ↩

  2488. An obsolete proverb, signifying to lose one’s hopes, a cake coming out of the oven in a state of dough being considered spoiled.

    “My cake is dough; but I’ll in among the rest;
    Out of hope of all, but my share in the feast.”

    Shakespeare, Taming of the Shrew, act v, sc. i

    —⁠M. B. ↩

  2489. Among the State Papers are lists of watermen impressed and put on board the victualling ships. Attached to one of these is a “note of their unfitness and refractory conduct; also that many go ashore to sleep, and are discontent that they, as masters of families, are pressed, while single men are excused on giving money to the pressmen” (Calendar, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 323). ↩

  2490. At Wricklesmarsh, in the parish of Charlton, which belonged in 1617 to Edward Blount, whose family alienated it towards the end of the seventeenth century. The old mansion was pulled down by Sir Gregory Page, Bart., who erected a magnificent stone structure on the site; which, devolving to his great-nephew, Sir Gregory Page Turner, shared the same fate as the former house, having been sold in lots in 1784. The site of Colonel Blount’s house is now covered with villas, and is called Blackheath Park. —⁠B.

    “Col. Blount produced another model of a chariot with four springs, esteemed by him very easy both to the rider and horse, and at the same time cheap. It was ordered that the committee formerly appointed, viz., the President, Sir Robert Moray, Sir William Petty, Dr. Wilkins, Col. Blount, and Mr. Hooke, should be desired to meet at Col. Blount’s house at Writlemarsh, about this matter, on the Monday following, and give an account of what they had done there at the next meeting of the Society.” On May 3rd Hooke reported (Birch’s History, vol. ii, pp. 41, 45). ↩

  2491. Sayes Court, the well-known residence of John Evelyn. ↩

  2492. “Mr. Daniel Coxe read an account of the effects of tobacco-oil distilled in a retort, by one drop of which given at the mouth he had killed a lusty cat, which being opened, smelled strongly of the oil, and the blood of the heart more strongly than the rest.⁠ ⁠… One drop of the Florentine oglio di tobacco being again given to a dog, it proved stupefying and vomitive, as before.”

    Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, pp. 42, 43

    ↩

  2493. Sir Robert Hyde, cousin of the Earl of Clarendon, appointed Chief Justice of the King’s Bench, October 10th, 1663. Born 1595, died May 1st, 1665. He was buried in Salisbury Cathedral. ↩

  2494. Christopher Pett wrote to Pepys from Woolwich on April 22nd, 1665, and begged for “allowance for two divers employed when the estimate for the mast dock at Blackwall was made” (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 324). ↩

  2495. Alexander Browne, a printseller, who taught drawing, and practised it with success. He published in 1669, Ars Pictoria, or an Academy treating of Drawing, Painting, Limning and Etching. ↩

  2496. The Gunfleet Sand off the Essex coast. ↩

  2497. I.e. the watch. ↩

  2498. Thomas Pepys, of Hatcham Barnes, Surrey, Master of the Jewel House to Charles II and James II. ↩

  2499. For note on Sir Robert Brooke, Lord of the Manor of Wanstead, see note 24. ↩

  2500. Loves Mistress, or the Queen’s Masque, by Thomas Heywood, printed 1636, 1640. ↩

  2501. Formosa = handsome (Italian). ↩

  2502. Captain Edward Nixon, of the Elizabeth, and Captain John Stanesby, of the Eagle. John Lanyon wrote to the Navy Commissioners from Plymouth, May 16th:

    “Understands from the seamen that the conduct of Captains Nixon and Stanesby in their late engagement with two Dutch capers was very foul; the night they left the Dutch, no lights were put out as formerly, and though in sight of them in the morning, they still kept on their way; the Eagle lay by some time, and both the enemy’s ships plied on her, but finding the Elizabeth nearly out of sight she also made sail; it is true the wind and sea were high, but there were no sufficient reasons for such endeavours to get from them.”

    Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 367

    Both captains were tried; Nixon was condemned to be shot but Stanesby was cleared, and Charnock asserts that he was commander of the Happy Return in 1672. ↩

  2503. Nicholas Hurleston, Master of the Trinity House. He died in November of this year. ↩

  2504. Sir Arthur Ingram, knight, of Knottingley, Surveyor of the Customs at Hull. He lived in Fenchurch Street, and was a liberal benefactor to the parish of St. Dionis Backchurch after the Great Fire. The site of his mansion is marked by Ingram Court. ↩

  2505. The new style was adopted by most of the countries of Europe long before it was legalized in England, although Russia still retains the old style. See note 47. ↩

  2506. A list of the Dutch fleet, May 23rd, 1665, is printed in Penn’s Memorials of Sir William Penn, vol. ii, p. 318, from which Pepys’s lists of the commanders of the seven squadrons can be corrected. The first squadron was under Jacob van Wassenaer, Baron d’Opdam, Great Admiral of Holland and West Frieseland; the second under Lieut.-Admiral John Evertsen; the third under Lieut.-Admiral Egbert Meeuswisz Cortenaer (who died of his wounds after the sea-fight of June 3rd); the fourth under Lieut.-Admiral Stellingwerf; the fifth under Vice-Admiral Cornelius Tromp (son of the great Martin H. Tromp); the sixth under Vice-Admiral Cornelius Evertsen, and the seventh under Vice-Admiral Wouter Schram. ↩

  2507. For note on Pepys’s quotation from Epictetus, see note 1534. ↩

  2508. John Wilmot, second Earl of Rochester, celebrated for his wit and notorious for his profligacy. Born April 10th, 1648; died July 26th, 1680. ↩

  2509. Elizabeth, daughter of John Malet, of Enmere, co. Somerset; married to the Earl of Rochester in 1667. ↩

  2510. Sir Francis Hawley of Euckland House, co. Somerset, created a baronet, 1642, and in 1646 an Irish peer, by the title of Baron Hawley of Donamore; in 1671 he was chosen M.P. for St. Michael’s, and in 1673 became a Gentleman of the Bedchamber to the Duke of York. He died 1684, aged seventy-six. His daughter Elizabeth was Elizabeth Malet’s mother. ↩

  2511. Goldfish introduced from China. ↩

  2512. On May 29th Sir William Coventry wrote to Lord Arlington: “Capt. Langhorne has arrived with seven ships, and reports the taking of the Hamburg fleet with the man of war their convoy; mistaking the Dutch fleet for the English, he fell into it” (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 393) ↩

  2513. Huysman. ↩

  2514. Thomas Vyner, born 1588, Sheriff of London, 1648. When Lord Mayor, in 1654, he was knighted by Cromwell (Ludlow’s Memoirs), and created a baronet at the Restoration, 1660. He was a goldsmith, and dying May 11th, 1665, was buried in St. Mary Woolnoth, in Lombard Street. ↩

  2515. Cade’s tavern was “The Three Golden Lions” in Cornhill. The ground floor was apparently occupied by a bookseller’s shop (Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, 1889, vol. i, p. 372). ↩

  2516. Sir William Coventry and Sir William Penn to the Navy Commissioners, June 4th: “Engaged yesterday with the Dutch; they began to stand away at 3 p.m. Chased them all the rest of the day and night; 20 considerable ships are destroyed and taken; we have only lost the Great Charity. The Earl of Marlborough, Rear-Admiral Sansum, and Captain Kirby are slain, and Sir John Lawson wounded” (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 406). ↩

  2517. Sir Henry Felton, of Playford, Suffolk, Bart., who married Susanne, daughter of Sir Lionel Talmash, of Helmingham, Bart. Their second son, Sir Thomas Felton, married Lady Elizabeth Howard, daughter and co-heir of James, Lord Howard de Walden, and third Earl of Suffolk. —⁠B. ↩

  2518. Vauxhall Gardens. ↩

  2519. Although the two Mays are so frequently mentioned in these pages, and by almost every contemporary annalist, no authentic account of their parentage has been traced; nor is it clear whether they were brothers, or in any way related. There is, however, a strong presumption that they sprung from a family of the same name, seated at Rawmere, in Sussex, one of whom, Jeffrey May, acquired property at Sutton Cheynell, in Leicestershire, in 1574, which was sold by the representatives of Baptist May, in 1712, under an Act passed for the payment of his debts. But though Nichols (History of Leicestershire, vol. iv, pt. ii, p. 548) gives a detailed pedigree of the Mays, he could not ascertain whose son Baptist May was, who held the office of Privy Purse to Charles I; and he does not even allude to Hugh May. It is stated in Collins’s Peerage, vol. ii, p. 560, ed. 1741, that during their flight after the battle of Worcester, James, Duke of York, delivered his George, which had been a present from the queen his mother, to Mr. Hugh May, who preserved it through all difficulties, and afterwards returned it to his royal highness in Holland. Soon after 1662 Hugh May was established as an architect, and employed at Windsor, and in erecting stables at Cornbury, and in building Berkeley House, Piccadilly, and Cassiobury (Evelyn’s Diary). He also held a place under Sir John Denham, the Surveyor of the Works, whom he expected to succeed; but the office becoming vacant, by the knight’s death in 1667, was given to Sir Christopher Wren, and May was promised an annuity of £300 out of the Works, to make up for his disappointment. Whatever may have been his professional merits, he is not even named in Horace Walpole’s list of architects; and we know nothing more of his career, except that in 1683 he was busy in building a house at Chiswick for Sir Stephen Fox. Baptist May’s history is soon told: He was born about 1627, and after the Restoration belonged to the Duke of York’s household; but he was promoted by the king to the office of Keeper of the Privy Purse, and became the confidant of Charles’s amours. He was also made a Page of the Bedchamber, which place he lost, having contrived to offend his royal master. In 1689⁠–⁠90 we find him returned at the general election as burgess for Windsor, with Sir Christopher Wren; they were, however, both unseated by petition. Baptist died May 2nd, 1693, and lies buried in St. George’s Chapel, where the slab inscribed to his memory is still to be seen. —⁠B.

    Baptist May has been supposed to be the son of Humphry May, who in early life was Vice-Chamberlain to James I. ↩

  2520. Sir William Clarke acted as secretary to the Duke of Albemarle. There are several of his letters among the State Papers, which are dated from the Cockpit, Whitehall. He lost his leg in the fight with the Dutch in June, 1666, and died two days after. ↩

  2521. See Sir John Denham’s Advice to a Painter concerning the Dutch war in Poems on State Affairs, vol. i, p. 24. —⁠B. ↩

  2522. The Earl of Falmouth is better known as Lord FitzHarding. The Duke of Ormonde’s letters to his mother (Lady Thurles) and his sister (the Countess of Clancarty), on the death of Lord Muskerry, are printed in Penn’s Memorials of Sir W. Penn, vol. ii, pp. 338, 339. Richard Boyle was the second son of the Earl of Burlington, and had been Member for Cork in 1661. Clarendon wrote of him: “He was a youth of great hope, who came newly home from travel, where he had spent his time with singular advantage, and took the first opportunity to lose his life in the king’s service. There were many other gentlemen volunteers in the same ship, who had the same fate.” ↩

  2523. James Ley, Earl of Marlborough, was captain of the Old James. A letter from him to his friend, Sir Hugh Pollard, written about five weeks before the battle, is printed in Penn’s Memorials of Sir W. Penn (vol. ii, p. 340). Charles Weston, third Earl of Portland, was a volunteer on board Lord Marlborough’s ship. Robert Sansum, commander of the Resolution, was Rear-Admiral of the White. He was captain of the Portsmouth in the fleet at Scheveling attending Charles II on his return to England. Robert Kirby was captain of the Breda. James Ableson was captain of the Guinea. ↩

  2524. When Opdam’s ship blew up, a shot from it mortally wounded Sir John Lawson, which is thus alluded to in the Poems on State Affairs, vol. i, p. 28:

    “Destiny allowed
    Him his revenge, to make his death more proud.
    A fatal bullet from his side did range,
    And battered Lawson; oh, too dear exchange!
    He led our fleet that day too short a space,
    But lost his knee: since died, in glorious race:
    Lawson, whose valour beyond Fate did go,
    And still fights Opdam in the lake below.”

    In the same poem, Lord Falmouth’s death is thus noticed:

    “Falmouth was there, I know not what to act;
    Some say ’twas to grow Duke, too, by contract.
    An untaught bullet, in its wanton scope,
    Dashes him all to pieces, and his Hope.
    Such was his rise, such was his fall, unpraised;
    A chance-shot sooner took him than chance raised:
    His shattered head the fearless Duke distains,
    And gave the last first proof that he had brains.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  2525. Afterwards Sir Joseph Jordan, commander of the Royal Sovereign, and Vice-Admiral of the Red, 1672. He was knighted on July 1st, 1665. —⁠B. ↩

  2526. Captain Sebastian Senten, of the Orange, was attached to the second squadron of the Dutch fleet (see Penn’s Memorials of Sir W. Penn, vol. ii, p. 318). ↩

  2527. In the royal charter granted by Charles II in 1680 to William Penn for the government of his American province, to be styled Pennsylvania, special reference is made to “the memory and merits of Sir William Penn in divers services, and particularly his conduct, courage, and discretion under our dearest brother, James, Duke of York, in that signal battle and victory fought and obtained against the Dutch fleet commanded by Heer van Opdam in 1665” (Penn’s Memorials of Sir W. Penn, vol. ii, p. 359). ↩

  2528. Mrs. Ady (Julia Cartwright), in her fascinating life of Henrietta, Duchess of Orleans, gives an account of the receipt of the news of the great sea-fight in Paris, and quotes a letter of Charles II to his sister, dated, “Whitehall, June 8th, 1665” The first report that reached Paris was that “the Duke of York’s ship had been blown up, and he himself had been drowned.” “The shock was too much for Madame⁠ ⁠… she was seized with convulsions, and became so dangerously ill that Lord Hollis wrote to the king, ‘If things had gone ill at sea I really believe Madame would have died.’ ” Charles wrote: “I thanke God we have now the certayne news of a very considerable victory over the Duch; you will see most of the particulars by the relation my Lord Hollis will show you, though I have had as great a losse as ’tis possible in a good frinde, poore C. Barckely. It troubles me so much, as I hope you will excuse the shortness of this letter, having receaved the news of it but two houres agoe” (Madame, 1894, pp. 215, 216). ↩

  2529. Richard Cowling or Cooling. The name is usually spelt in the latter way in the Diary. The Lord Chamberlain was Edward, Earl of Manchester. ↩

  2530. For the king’s expression of regret at the loss of Charles Berkeley (Earl of Falmouth), see note 2528. ↩

  2531. On March 26th, 1658, the successful operation for the stone was performed at Pepys’s cousin’s (Mrs. Turner’s) house in Salisbury Court, and Pepys resolved to hold a commemorative feast for ever after on the anniversary of that day. On the first anniversary mentioned in the Diary, March 26th, 1660, he was at sea. In 1661 Mrs. Turner and her party dined with him at his father’s. In 1662 they all dined at Pepys’s house. In 1663 the dinner was postponed owing to Mrs. Pepys’s illness. In 1664 the feast was held on the correct day. ↩

  2532. See note 1684. ↩

  2533. Harman appears to have been the son of the Mr. and Mrs. Harman referred to on September 9th, 1664 (p. 239 of this volume). His wife, whom Pepys describes as “a very pretty, good-humoured wretch” (see August 1st, 1664), died in 1665, and Pepys then tried to get him to marry Paulina Pepys (see July 21st, 1665). ↩

  2534. Alderman Sir Richard Browne, Bart., was Lord Mayor in 1660⁠–⁠61, and Major-General of the Trained-bands; see ante, February 22nd, 1659⁠–⁠60. His son was Sir Richard Browne, Knight. Sir Richard Browne, the Clerk of the Council, noticed January 25th, 1661⁠–⁠62, was of a different family. The Lord Mayor was seated at Debden Hall, in Essex, which he had purchased soon after 1660, and the estate was alienated by his son, the second baronet. —⁠B. ↩

  2535. Thomas Neale. ↩

  2536. See ante, June 2nd, 1665. ↩

  2537. Charles II’s letter of thanks to Lord Sandwich, dated “Whitehall, June 9th, 1665,” written entirely in the king’s hand, is printed in Ellis’s Original Letters, 1st series, vol. iii, p. 327. ↩

  2538. Of the four distinguished men who died after the late action with the Dutch and were buried in Westminster Abbey, the Earl of Marlborough was interred on June 14th, Viscount Muskerry on the 19th, the Earl of Falmouth on the 22nd, and Sir Edward Broughton on the 26th. After the entries in the Abbey Registers is this note: “These four last Honble Persons died in his Matyes service against the Dutch, excepting only that Sr Ed Br received his death’s wound at sea, but died here at home” (Chester’s Westminster Abbey Registers, p. 162). ↩

  2539. William Sheldon, Clerk of the Cheque at Woolwich. ↩

  2540. The Public Intelligencer, published by Roger L’Estrange, the predecessor of the London Gazette. ↩

  2541. The number of deaths in London from all diseases, in the week ending June 13th, was 558; of these 112 died from the plague. ↩

  2542. Captain Robert Holmes (afterwards knighted). Sir William Coventry, in a letter to Lord Arlington (dated from The Royal Charles, Southwold Bay, June 13th), writes: “Capt. Holmes asked to be rear admiral of the white squadron in place of Sansum who was killed, but the Duke gave the place to Captain Harman, on which he delivered up his commission, which the Duke received, and put Captain Langhorne in his stead” (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 423). ↩

  2543. John Harman, afterwards knighted. He had served with great reputation in several naval fights, and was desperately wounded in 1673, while engages with a Dutch man-o-war, which he captured. He survived the action some years, but never recovered his health. —⁠B. For an account of the life of Sir John Harman, see Charnock’s Biographia Navalis, i 97⁠–⁠103. ↩

  2544. The Prince was Lord Sandwich’s ship; the captain was Roger Cuttance. It was put up at Chatham for repair at this date. ↩

  2545. Sir William Berkeley, see note, vol. iii, p. 334. His behaviour after the death of his brother, Lord Falmouth, is severely commented on in Poems on State Affairs, vol. i, p. 29

    “Berkeley had heard it soon, and thought not good
    To venture more of royal Harding’s blood;
    To be immortal he was not of age,
    And did e’en now the Indian Prize presage;
    And judged it safe and decent, cost what cost,
    To lose the day, since his dear brother’s lost.
    With his whole squadron straight away he bore,
    And, like good boy, promised to fight no more.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  2546. Jeremy Smith, knighted June, 1665. He succeeded Penn as Comptroller of the Victualling in 1669, and held the office until September, 1675. ↩

  2547. Captain Edward Grove commanded The Success in 1664. ↩

  2548. The Lord Treasurer (Earl of Southampton) lived at Southampton House on the north side of Bloomsbury Square, which afterwards came into the possession of the family of Russell owing to the marriage of Lady Rachael Russell, and was then known as Bedford House. ↩

  2549. John Colvill of Lombard Street, see ante, May 24th. He lost £85,832 17s. 2d. by the closing of the Exchequer in 1672, and he died between 1672 and 1677 (Price’s Handbook of London Bankers). ↩

  2550. Club = share.

    “Next these a sort of Sots there are,
    Who crave more wine than they can bear,
    Yet hate, when drunk, to pay or spend
    Their equal Club or Dividend,
    But wrangle, when the Bill is brought,
    And think they’re cheated when they’re not.”

    The Delights of the Bottle, or the Compleat Vintner, 3rd ed., 1721, p. 29

    ↩

  2551. The game of bob-cherry. ↩

  2552. According to the Bills of Mortality there was no reduction in the number of deaths. The total number of burials in the week ending June 20th was 611, of which number 168 died from the plague. ↩

  2553. Rear-Admiral Bancquert. ↩

  2554. Coventry’s letter to the Duke of Albemarle (dated June 4th, 1665), which was transcribed by Pepys, is printed in the Rev. John Smith’s Life, Journals and Correspondence of S. Pepys, vol. i, p. 85. ↩

  2555. Philip Carteret, afterwards knighted. He perished on board Lord Sandwich’s (his father-in-law) flagship at the battle of Solebay. —⁠B. ↩

  2556. Daniel Finch. ↩

  2557. In the Calendar of State Papers, 1664⁠–⁠65 (p. 239), it is stated that Coventry was knighted on March 3rd, 1665. ↩

  2558. In his will dated April 19th, 1665, Sir John Lawson requested that the pension of £500 settled upon him for life, which was promised to his daughters if he died in the service, might be divided equally between his two daughters, Elizabeth and Anna Lawson. On August 4th, 1665, a warrant was issued for grants to these two of a pension of £250 a year each (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, pp. 489, 502). ↩

  2559. Prince Rupert. ↩

  2560. King’s Head, corner of Chancery Lane. There is a token of “the King’s Head tavern at Chancery Lane end,” with a bust of Henry VIII. (Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 554). ↩

  2561. Balthasar St. Michel (see note 199). His wife’s name was Esther. ↩

  2562. According to the Bills of Mortality, the total number of deaths in London for the week ending June 27th was 684, of which number 267 were deaths from the plague. The number of deaths rose week by week until September 19th, when the total was 8,297, and the deaths from the plague 7,165. On September 26th the total had fallen to 6,460, and deaths from the plague to 5,533. The number fell gradually, week by week, till October 31st, when the total was 1,388, and deaths from the plague 1,031. On November 7th there was a rise to 1,787 and 1,414 respectively. On November 14th the numbers had gone down to 1,359 and 1,050 respectively. On December 12th the total had fallen to 442, and deaths from the plague to 243. On December 19th there was a rise to 525 and 281 respectively. The total of burials in 1665 was 97,506, of which number the plague claimed 68,596 victims. ↩

  2563. The Queen-Mother never came to England again. She retired to her château at Colombes, near Paris, where she died in August, 1669, after a long illness; the immediate cause of her death being an opiate ordered by her physicians. She was buried, September 12th, in the church of St. Denis. Her funeral sermon was preached by Bossuet. Sir John Reresby speaks of Queen Henrietta Maria in high terms. He says that in the winter, 1659⁠–⁠60, although the Court of France was very splendid, there was a greater resort to the Palais Royal, “the good humour and wit of our Queen Mother, and the beauty of the Princess [Henrietta] her daughter, giving greater invitation than the more particular humour of the French Queen, being a Spaniard.” In another place he says: “Her majesty had a great affection for England, notwithstanding the severe usage she and hers had received from it. Her discourse was much with the great men and ladies of France in praise of the people and of the country; of their courage, generosity, good nature; and would excuse all their miscarriages in relation to unfortunate effects of the late war, as if it were a convulsion of some desperate and infatuated persons, rather than from the genius and temper of the kingdom” (Memoirs of Sir John Reresby, ed. Cartwright, pp. 43, 45). ↩

  2564. Shooting London Bridge. See note 1490. ↩

  2565. There are several letters among the State Papers from Commissioner Thomas Middleton relating to the want of workmen at Portsmouth Dockyard. On June 29th Middleton wrote to Pepys, “The ropemakers have discharged themselves for want of money, and gone into the country to make hay.” The blockmakers, the joiners, and the sawyers all refused to work longer without money (Calendar, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 453). ↩

  2566. The arrangements for the marriage of Lady Jemimah Montagu to Philip Carteret were soon settled, for the wedding took place on July 31st. ↩

  2567. In the register of the Old Church at Greenwich is the following entry: “Sir John Lawson carried away, June 27th, 1665.” —⁠B. ↩

  2568. A Mr. Osbaldstone, grocer, clerk of St. Botolph’s, Aldersgate, died of the plague on September 22nd, 1665 (Smith’s Obituary, p. 67). ↩

  2569. There are several letters of John Buckworth among the State Papers, and one of these to Secretary Williamson is dated from Crutched Friars, November 2nd, 1664. He appears to have been engaged with Sir Richard Ford in some business connected with tin. ↩

  2570. The Dutch Admiral Bancquert or Banckart. ↩

  2571. Sic orig. The period alluded to is 1650, when the States-General disbanded part of the forces which the Prince of Orange (William) wished to retain. The prince attempted, but unsuccessfully, to possess himself of Amsterdam. In the same year he died, at the early age of twenty-four; some say of the smallpox; others, with Sir Richard Ford, say of poison. —⁠B. ↩

  2572. The son of a shoemaker, bred to the sea-service; he rose to the rank of an admiral, and was killed in the fight with the Dutch, June, 1666. —⁠B. See post, June 10th, 1666. ↩

  2573. Pepys refers to this place as Wood’s on July 26th, 1660. ↩

  2574. See note 2554. ↩

  2575. Alderman Edward Backwell kept on his business until 1672, when he was ruined by the closing of the Exchequer (see note 552). ↩

  2576. Norton died in August, 1666 (see post, August 29th, 1665). He appears to have left his widow a jointure of £800 a year. ↩

  2577. The Rev. John Meriton was instituted into the rectory of St. Michael’s, Cornhill, in 1663. ↩

  2578. Brentford. Mr. Povy’s country-house was The Priory, Hounslow. ↩

  2579. Mortlake. ↩

  2580. Captain Joseph Dobbins. ↩

  2581. Among the State Papers is a letter from the king to the Lord General (dated August 8th, 1665):

    “Alderman Backwell being in great straits for the second payment he has to make for the service in Flanders, as much tin is to be transmitted to him as will raise the sum. Has authorized him and Sir George Carteret to treat with the tin farmers for 500 tons of tin to be speedily transported under good convoy; but if, on consulting with Alderman Backwell, this plan of the tin seems insufficient, then without further difficulty he is to dispose for that purpose of the £10,000 assigned for pay of the Guards, not doubting that before that comes due, other ways will be found for supplying it; the payment in Flanders is of such importance that some means must be found of providing for it.”

    Calendar, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, pp. 508, 509

    ↩

  2582. “A form of Common Prayer; together with an order for fasting for the averting of God’s heavy visitation upon many places of this realm. The fast to be observed within the cities of London and Westminster and places adjacent, on Wednesday the twelfth of this instant July, and both there and in all parts of this realm on the first Wednesday in every month during the visitation.”

    Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 466

    ↩

  2583. Arrêt. The rupture between Alexander VII and Louis XIV was healed in 1664, by the treaty signed at Pisa, on February 12th. On August 9th, the pope’s nephew, Cardinal Chigi, made his entry into Paris, as legate, to give the king satisfaction for the insult offered at Rome by the Corsican guard to the Duc de Créqui, the French ambassador; (see January 25th, 1662⁠–⁠63). Cardinal Imperiali, Governor of Rome, asked pardon of the king in person, and all the hard conditions of the treaty were fulfilled. But no arrêt against the pope was set forth in 1665. On the contrary, Alexander, now wishing to please the king, issued a constitution on February 2nd, 1665, ordering all the clergy of France, without any exception, to sign a formulary condemning the famous five propositions extracted from the works of Jansenius; and on April 29th, the king in person ordered the parliament to register the bull. The Jansenist party, of course, demured to this proceeding; the Bishops of Alais, Angers, Beauvais, and Pamiers, issuing mandates calling upon their clergy to refuse. It was against these mandates, as being contrary to the king’s declaration and the pope’s intentions, that the arrêt was directed. —⁠B. ↩

  2584. At the Treasurer’s house at Deptford, Sir G. Carteret’s official residence. ↩

  2585. Dagnams, about four miles from Romford, the seat of Lady Wright, widow of Sir Henry Wright, and sister of Lady Sandwich. In 1454 Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, died seised of the manors of Dagnams and Cockerells. In 1637 it belonged to Lawrence Wright, M.D., whose son Henry was created baronet by Cromwell in 1658, and by Charles II in 1660. The estate was devised by Anne (daughter of Sir Henry and Lady Wright), widow, first, of Sir Robert Pye, and afterwards of William Rider, to her cousin Edward Carteret, Postmaster-General, third son of Sir Philip and Lady Jemimah Carteret. The manor was sold in 1749 to Henry Muilman, and again in 1772 to Sir Richard Neave, who pulled down the old house (built by Sir Henry Wright), and built the present mansion on a new site. The present proprietor is Sir Thomas Neave, Bart. ↩

  2586. Salute = kiss. ↩

  2587. The erection of New Chapel, Broadway, Westminster, is ascribed to Dr. Darrell, prebendary of St. Peter’s, who in 1631 left £400 for the purpose; Sir Robert Pye, who added £500 to complete and furnish it and Archbishop Laud, who contributed £1,000 and some painted glass. It was not completed till 1636. Whitelocke mentions the burying ground under the year 1649. Christ Church (dedicated December 14th, 1843) has now taken the place of the New Chapel. ↩

  2588. The royal lodge of that name in Windsor Forest, occupied by Sir George Carteret as Vice-Chamberlain to the King. —⁠B. ↩

  2589. Probably Mrs. Burrows, of Westminster, whose husband, Lieutenant Burrows, died in the following December (see December 21st, 1665). ↩

  2590. Apparently Robert Stockdale, a contractor for naval stores. ↩

  2591. The hall here spoken of was converted into the archiepiscopal library by Archbishop Howley. ↩

  2592. James Marriott, “Keeper of the standing Wardrobe and privy lodgings at Hampton Court,” who succeeded to this post in December, 1664, on the death of Richard Marriott. Richard Marriott is referred to on May 12th, 1662 (see note 1412). ↩

  2593. Mr. Morris had contracts for tar with the Navy office. ↩

  2594. Queenhithe is usually written “Queenhive” by our old dramatists. ↩

  2595. Louisa Marguerite Carteret, afterwards married to Sir Robert Atkins. ↩

  2596. Richard Butler, Earl of Arran (see note, vol. iv, p. 348). He married, firstly, Lady Mary Stuart, daughter of James, first Duke of Richmond and fourth of Lenox, who died in 1667 without issue (apparently the lady referred to in the text), and, secondly, Dorothy, daughter of John Ferrers, of Tamworth Castle, co. Warwick. ↩

  2597. The name is not given in the manuscript. ↩

  2598. Sir G. Carteret’s daughter. See note 1891. ↩

  2599. For note on Captain John Graunt and his work on the Bills of Mortality, see vol. ii, pp. 209, 210. ↩

  2600. Sir William Clarke. See note 2520. ↩

  2601. Balthasar St. Michel. ↩

  2602. Pepys wrote to Lord Hinchingbroke from the Navy Office on July 25th, 1665, to inform him that a ship of 36 guns would be at Calais on August 1st to take him to Dover. ↩

  2603. Sir William Killigrew, elder brother of Tom Killigrew. He was made a baronet about 1661. He wrote some verses and plays, and became Vice-Chamberlain to the Queen. He died about 1694. ↩

  2604. The new London being built to replace the old London by Captain John Taylor, Navy Commissioner at Harwich (see April 21st, 1666). ↩

  2605. Mary Batelier, the beauty, who kept a linendraper’s shop in the Royal Exchange. She and her brother William are frequently mentioned in the Diary. ↩

  2606. Mr. Gauden’s house at Clapham (see note 1882). ↩

  2607. “. Mr. Wm. Proctor, vintner, at ye Mitre, in Wood Street, with his young son, died at Islington (insolvent). Ex peste.”

    —⁠Smith’s Obituary, p. 64

    ↩

  2608. The marriage licence of Philip Carteret, of St. Peter-le-Poor, bachelor, aged 24, and Dame Jemima Montagu, spinster, aged 17, is dated July 29th, 1665 (Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, 1887, col. 249). Pepys wrote to Lord Sandwich on August 7th, and in his letter he says, “After a fortnight’s acquaintance between the young people their marriage was completed on Monday, July 31st; present Sir G. Carteret, my Lady, and my Lady Slaning on their side, with my Lord Crew, Lady Sandwich, Lady Wright and all her family on your Lordship’s, and is the only occurrence of all my life I ever met with, begun, proceeded on, and finished with the same uninterrupted excess of satisfaction to all parties.” The letter is printed in Smith’s Life, Journals, and Correspondence of S. Pepys, vol. i, pp. 95⁠–⁠100. ↩

  2609. This curious experiment is referred to in most books of games and tricks, and a full account will be found in Brewster’s Natural Magic, p. 256. Lord Braybrooke added a note on the authority of Dr. S. R. Maitland respecting an experiment once tried in Gloucestershire on a very stout gentleman, the information respecting which he obtained from the late Mr. W. J. Thoms, founder of Notes and Queries. ↩

  2610. Lady Jemimah.

    “This evening I accompanied Mr. Treasurer and Vice-Chamberlain Carteret to his lately married son-in-law’s, Sir Thomas Scott, to Scott’s Hall. We took barge as far as Gravesend, thence by post to Rochester, whence in coach and six horses to Scott’s Hall, a right noble seat, uniformly built, with a handsome gallery. It stands in a park well stor’d, the land fat and good.”

    —⁠Evelyn’s Diary, August 2nd, 1663

    ↩

  2611. See note 2582. ↩

  2612. Haquenée = an ambling nag fitted for ladies’ riding. ↩

  2613. Brentwood, Essex, is still locally called Burntwood. ↩

  2614. He commanded a troop of horse in the Train-bands, 1662. —⁠B. ↩

  2615. Tilbury fort. ↩

  2616. Sir G. Carteret’s eldest daughter, Anne, married in 1663 to Sir Nicholas Slaning, K.B. —⁠B. ↩

  2617. This was probably Phil. Barrow, who was storekeeper at Chatham. ↩

  2618. The rescue of Colonel Danvers in Cheapside is mentioned in a letter from Sir William Coventry to Lord Arlington, dated August 7th, 1665 (Calendar of State Papers, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 506). ↩

  2619. The Duke of Buckingham did not die till 1687. ↩

  2620. Alderman J. Bence was secretary to the Royal African Society. ↩

  2621. Nonsuch Palace, near Epsom, where the Exchequer money was kept during the time of the plague. See note 1887. ↩

  2622. Christopher Pett wrote to the Navy Commissioners from Woolwich on August 15th, and in his letter he says, “It has pleased God to send the infection of the plague into the town, and two houses are already visited; fear it will be very mortal, will take every care to prevent it spreading to the yard” (Calendar of State Papers, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 519). ↩

  2623. The court went in the following month from Salisbury to Oxford. This Milton may be intended for Milton Lilbourne, a parish in Wiltshire. ↩

  2624. The Sovereign of the Seas was built at Woolwich in 1637 of timber which had been stripped of its bark while growing in the spring, and not felled till the second autumn afterwards; and it is observed by Dr. Plot (Phil. Trans. for 1691), in his discourse on the most seasonable time for felling timber, written by the advice of Pepys, that after forty-seven years, “all the ancient timber then remaining in her, it was no easy matter to drive a nail into it” (Quarterly Review, vol. viii, p. 35). —⁠B. ↩

  2625. Fanfaron, French, from fanfare, a sounding of trumpets; hence, a swaggerer, or empty boaster. ↩

  2626. Churchyard Alley, Upper Thames Street, close by London Bridge. ↩

  2627. Sir George Smith, of St. Bartholomew, by the Exchange. He married Martha, daughter of John Swift, of London, merchant. —⁠B. ↩

  2628. James Carcasse (or Carkesse) was one of the four clerks of the Ticket Office, and in a paper of Pepys’s at Magdalene College he is described as the clerk to attend on Sir John Minnes for the signing of tickets. He was dismissed from the office for irregularities, principally through the action of Pepys. He published a quarto volume of poems in 1679, called Lucida Intervalla, the following extract from which, strongly reflecting upon Pepys, has been printed in Notes and Queries (1st series), vol. ii, p. 87:⁠—

    “Get thee behind me, then, dumb devil, begone,
    The Lord hath Eppthatha said to my tongue.
    Him I must praise who open’d hath my lips,
    Sent me from Navy to the Ark by Pepys;
    By Mr. Pepys, who hath my rival been
    For the Duke’s favour, more than years thirteen;
    But I excluded, he high and fortunate,
    This Secretary I could never mate.
    But Clerk of th’ Acts, if I’m a parson, then
    I shall prevail, the voice outdoes the pen;
    Though in a gown, the challenge I may make,
    And wager win, save, if you can, your stake.
    To th’ Admiral I all submit, and vail⁠—”

    The concluding line cut off and imperfect. ↩

  2629. The yard and fortifications of Sheerness were designed and first “staked out” by Sir Bernard de Gomme (see March 24th, 1667). The original plan is in the British Museum. —⁠B. ↩

  2630. Queenborough, a parish and town in Kent, in the Isle of Sheppey, two miles south of Sheerness. ↩

  2631. Peter Blackborow, or Blackbery, held contracts with the Navy Commissioners for the supply of timber. ↩

  2632. This letter of the Duke of Albemarle to the Navy Commissioners is among the State Papers, it orders a supply of provisions to be sent forthwith to the Gunfleet, and thence convoyed to Southwold Bay. “Ammunition is wanted also, and as many men as can be obtained” (Calendar, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 524). ↩

  2633. A news letter of August 19th (Salisbury), gives the following account of this affair:⁠—“The Earl of Sandwich being on the Norway coast, ordered Sir Thomas Teddeman with 20 ships to attack 50 Dutch merchant ships in Bergen harbour; six convoyers had so placed themselves that only four or five of the ships could be reached at once. The Governor of Bergen fired on our ships, and placed 100 pieces of ordnance and two regiments of foot on the rocks to attack them, but they got clear without the loss of a ship, only 500 men killed or wounded, five or six captains among them. The fleet has gone to Sole Bay to repair losses and be ready to encounter the Dutch fleet, which is gone northward” (Calendar of State Papers, 1664⁠–⁠65, pp. 526, 527). Medals were struck in Holland, the inscription in Dutch on one of these is thus translated: “Thus we arrest the pride of the English, who extend their piracy even against their friends, and who insulting the forts of Norway, violate the rights of the harbours of King Frederick; but, for the reward of their audacity, see their vessels destroyed by the balls of the Dutch” (Hawkins’s Medallic Illustrations of the History of Great Britain and Ireland, ed. Franks and Grueber, 1885, vol. i, p. 508). Sir Gilbert Talbot’s “True Narrative of the Earl of Sandwich’s Attempt upon Bergen with the English Fleet on the 3rd of August, 1665, and the Cause of his Miscarriage thereupon,” is in the British Museum (Harl. MS., No. 6859). It is printed in Archæologia, vol. xxii, p. 33. The Earl of Rochester also gave an account of the action in a letter to his mother (Wordsworth’s Ecclesiastical Biography, fourth edition, vol. iv, p. 611). Sir John Denham, in his Advice to a Painter, gives a long satirical account of the affair. A coloured drawing of the attack upon Bergen, on vellum, showing the range of the ships engaged, is in the British Museum. Shortly after the Bergen affair forty of the Dutch merchant vessels, on their way to Holland, fell into the hands of the English, and in Penn’s Memorials of Sir William Penn, vol. ii, p. 364, is a list of the prizes taken on the 3rd and 4th September. The troubles connected with these prizes and the disgrace into which Lord Sandwich fell are fully set forth in subsequent pages of the Diary. Evelyn writes in his Diary (November 27th, 1665): “There was no small suspicion of my Lord Sandwich having permitted divers commanders who were at ye taking of ye East India prizes to break bulk and take to themselves jewels, silkes, etc., though I believe some whom I could name fill’d their pockets, my Lo. Sandwich himself had the least share. However, he underwent the blame, and it created him enemies, and prepossess’d ye Lo. Generall [Duke of Albemarle], for he spake to me of it with much zeale and concerne, and I believe laid load enough on Lo. Sandwich at Oxford.” ↩

  2634. The captains killed in the unfortunate attack upon Bergen were Captain Seale of the Breda, Captain Utber, jun., of the Guernsey, Captain Hayward of the Prudent Mary, Captain Lawson, Coast frigate, Captain Cadman of Hamburg Merchant, Captain Price of the Briar. ↩

  2635. This Mr. Windham had entered into a formal engagement with the Earl of Rochester, “not without ceremonies of religion, that if either of them died, he should appear, and give the other notice of the future state, if there was any.” He was probably one of the brothers of Sir William Wyndham, Bart. See Wordsworth’s Ecclesiastical Biography, fourth edition, vol. iv, p. 615. —⁠B. ↩

  2636. This Mr. Windham had entered into a formal engagement with the Earl of Rochester, “not without ceremonies of religion, that if either of them died, he should appear, and give the other notice of the future state, if there was any.” He was probably one of the brothers of Sir William Wyndham, Bart. See Wordsworth’s Ecclesiastical Biography, fourth edition, vol. iv, p. 615. —⁠B. ↩

  2637. It is not clear whether the Mr. Fenn mentioned several times about this period was Pepys’s old friend Jack Fenn, or Nicholas Fenn who was at a later date Commissioner of the Victualling Office. ↩

  2638. Eastland was a name given to the eastern countries of Europe. The Eastland Company, or Company of Merchants trading to the East Country, was incorporated in Queen Elizabeth’s reign (anno 21), and the charter was confirmed 13 Car. II. They were also called “The Merchants of Elbing.” ↩

  2639. Alexander Burnett, M.D. (Camb., 1648), admitted an Honorary Fellow of the College of Physicians in December, 1664. His house was in Fenchurch Street. He was reported to have fallen a victim to his zeal.

    “Dr. Burnett, Dr. Glover, and one or two more of the College of Physicians, with Dr. O’Dowd, which was licensed by my Lord’s Grace of Canterbury, some surgeons, apothecaries, and Johnson, the chemist, died all very suddenly. Some say (but God forbid that I should report it for truth) that these, in a consultation together, if not all, yet the greatest part of them, attempted to open a dead corpse which was full of the tokens; and being in hand with the dissected body, some fell down dead immediately, and others did not outlive the next day at noon.”

    Tillison to Dr. Sancroft, September 14th, 1665, in Ellis’s Original Letters, second series, vol. iv, p. 37

    ↩

  2640. Mrs. Williams, Lord Brounckers mistress, frequently mentioned in the Diary after this date. ↩

  2641. For note on the copy of Charles I’s Works, now in the Pepysian Library, see note 1444. ↩

  2642. Theophilus Biddulph, of Westcombe, co. Kent, was created a baronet in October, 1664. ↩

  2643. Seventh son of Thomas Howard, first Earl of Berkshire; he was the direct ancestor of the present Earl of Suffolk, to whom both the titles descended. —⁠B. ↩

  2644. This republican plot was described by the Lord Chancellor in a speech delivered on October 9th, when parliament met at Oxford. ↩

  2645. Alexander Browne, the limner, who taught Mrs. Pepys drawing. ↩

  2646. See note 1345. ↩

  2647. Alderman Sir William Hooker was Sheriff in 1665 and Lord Mayor in 1673. He contracted to supply tallow to the Navy Commissioners. ↩

  2648. See, on Colonel Blunt’s carriage, note 2490. ↩

  2649. Shooter’s Hill, Blackheath. ↩

  2650. Swakeley House, in the parish of Ickenham, Middlesex, was built in 1638 by Sir Edmund Wright (Lord Mayor 1641), whose daughter married Sir James Harrington, one of Charles I’s judges. The property was sold in 1665 by Lady Harrington to Sir Robert Vyner (Lord Mayor 1674). Benjamin Lethieullier bought the manor in 1741 from the Vyner family and sold it to Thomas Clarke in 1750. The manor belonged to Robert Swaklyve in the early part of the fourteenth century. ↩

  2651. Mary, daughter of John Whitchurch, Esq., and widow of Sir Thomas Hyde, Bart., of Albury, Herts. ↩

  2652. Dawley House, long the seat of the Bennet family. ↩

  2653. Harlington is a village in Middlesex, about a mile from Uxbridge. The manor was sold by Francis Coppinger in 1607 to Sir John Bennet, whose son, Sir Henry Bennet, took his title from the place under the cocknified form of Arlington. It was alienated by Ford Grey, Earl of Tankerville, to Viscount Bolingbroke. ↩

  2654. Sir William Doyly, of Shottisham, Norfolk, knighted 1642, created a baronet 1663. M.P. for Yarmouth. Died 1677. He and Mr. Evelyn were at this time appointed commissioners for the care of the sick and wounded seamen and prisoners of war. —⁠B. ↩

  2655. Ombre is a Spanish game of cards, and the name is derived from the Spanish word hombre, a man. It is said that the game was introduced into England by Queen Katharine of Braganza. Waller wrote an epigram “On a card that her Majesty tore at Ombre.” Mr. H. Hucks Gibbs published anonymously in 1873 an interesting little volume, with coloured plates, entitled The Game of Ombre. ↩

  2656. The practice of having a down coverlet like a bed is not confined to Denmark, as all travellers in Germany and Switzerland know. ↩

  2657. See note 2633 respecting these prizes. ↩

  2658. “The Hector is lost, with most of her crew, and her captain, a gallant man, who had brought in the Vice-Admiral of the East India fleet. Captains Lambert and Langhorne have also fallen.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1664⁠–⁠65, p. 562

    ↩

  2659. A gold coin, so called because it bore the image of an angel, varying in value from six shillings and eightpence to ten shillings. ↩

  2660. Sir William Hickes, created a baronet 1619. Died 1680, aged eighty-four. His country seat was called Ruckholts, or Rookwood, at Layton, in Essex, where he entertained King Charles II after hunting. —⁠B. ↩

  2661. The old name for backgammon, used by Shakespeare and others. The following lines are from an epitaph entirely made up of puns on backgammon

    “Man’s life’s a game at tables, and he may
    Mend his bad fortune by his wiser play.”

    Wit’s Recre., i. 250, reprint, 1817

    ↩

  2662. Dr. Johnson was puzzled by the following passage in The Merry Wives of Windsor, act v, sc. 3: “Divide me like a bribe-buck, each a haunch. I will keep the sides to myself; my shoulders for the fellow of this walk.” If he could have read the account of Sir William Hickes’s dinner, he would at once have understood the allusion to the keeper’s perquisites of the shoulders of all deer killed in his walk. —⁠B. ↩

  2663. Epping Forest, of which he was Ranger. ↩

  2664. Daughter of William Sheldon. ↩

  2665. A mistake for thirty-five. ↩

  2666. There is a token of the Angel Tavern at Tower Hill, dated 1649. The alehouse was probably the Rose and Crown at Tower Stairs, of which there is also a token. (See Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 775.) ↩

  2667. See ante, on the 10th of this month. ↩

  2668. Sidney Montagu, brother of Edward, Earl of Sandwich, was with his niece, Lady Jemima Carteret. Scot’s Hall belonged to her husband’s brother-in-law, Sir Thomas Scott. ↩

  2669. Thomas Plume, D.D., vicar of Greenwich, 1663, and installed Archdeacon of Rochester, 1679. Died November 20th, 1704, and buried in Longfield churchyard. ↩

  2670. Lord Sandwich was not so successful in convincing other people as to the propriety of his conduct at Bergen as he was with Pepys. ↩

  2671. There is a shorthand journal of proceedings relating to Pepys’s purchase of some East India prize goods among the Rawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian Library. ↩

  2672. This was Nonsuch. When proclamation was made, September 26th, that the courts were to be removed from Westminster to Oxford, it was announced that the Exchequer was to remain at Nonsuch. There is no authority for attributing any of the work to either Holbein or Rubens. See ante, August 11th, and note 1887. ↩

  2673. Cribbage. ↩

  2674. The same discovery was made in 1789, in digging the Brunswick Dock, also at Blackwall, and elsewhere in the neighbourhood. See Notes and Queries, 1st series, vol. viii, p. 263. —⁠M. B. ↩

  2675. Sir Edward Montagu, Chief Justice of the King’s Bench, 1539⁠–⁠45 Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, 1545⁠–⁠53. He died February 10th, 1556⁠–⁠57. ↩

  2676. These are the words in the MS., and not “his son and the Lord Montagu,” as in some former editions. Pepys seems to have written Lord Montagu by mistake for Sir Edward Montagu.

    Pedigree of the Earl of Sandwich

    Edward Montagu, Lord Chief Justice, temp. Henry VIII, died 1557. Son of Edward Montagu: Edward Montagu, Knt., “A worthy patriot in the reign of Queen Elizabeth,” died 1602. Children of Edward Montagu, Knt.: Edwd. Montagu, Knt., First Lord Montagu of Boughton. Walter, Knt. Henry, Lord Montagu, First Earl of Manchester. Charles, Knt. James, Bishop of Bath 1605, and Winchester 1616. Sidney, Knt., M.P. for Huntingdon in the Long Parliament, whence he was expelled. Mar. Paulina, daughter of John Pepys, of Cottenham, Camb., died 1644. Children of Sidney, Knt.: Henry, drowned at sea. Edward, a distinguished Parliamentary Captain, M.P. for Huntingdon, Admiral. First Earl of Sandwich, died 1672. Elizabeth, mar. Sir Gilbert Pyckering, of Titchmarsh.

    —⁠M. B.

    Lord Sandwich speaks of five [four?] generations, in which the number of descendants might have multiplied ad infinitum. “When King James came into England,” observes Ward, in his Diary, p. 170, “he was ffeasted at Boughton, by Sir Edward Montagu, and his six sonnes brought upp the six first dishes; three of them after were lords, and three more knights⁠—Sir Walter Montagu, Sir Sydney, and Sir Charles, whose daughter Lady Hatton is.” Fuller, also, in his Worthies, records that “Hester Sandys, the wife of Sir Thomas Temple, of Stowe, Bart., had four sons and nine daughters, which lived to be married, and so exceedingly multiplied, that she saw seven hundred extracted from her body. Besides, there was a new generation of marriageable females just at her death” (see Collins’s Peerage, vol. ii, p. 411). When Charles, thirteenth Duke of Norfolk, had completed his restoration of Arundel Castle, he proposed to entertain all the descendants of his ancestor, Jock of Norfolk, who fell at Bosworth Field; but gave up on his intention on finding that he should have to invite upwards of six thousand persons. —⁠B. ↩

  2677. Master of the Requests to Charles I. ↩

  2678. In the British Museum, Egerton MS., 861, is an account showing the value of all prizes taken during the war with the Dutch; distinguishing the vessels, their goods, the ports at which they were condemned, and the parties to whose accounts the amounts were debited. —⁠B. ↩

  2679. This picture by Mrs. Pepys may have given trouble when Pepys was unjustifiably attacked for having Popish pictures in his house. ↩

  2680. The Court was then held at Salisbury, where the King and Queen removed on July 27th. ↩

  2681. William Wardour was appointed Clerk of the Pells in 1660. ↩

  2682. He had been a farmer of the excise and customs before the Restoration (see note 1531). ↩

  2683. John Temple and John Seale were goldsmiths at the Three Tuns in Lombard Street (see A Collection of the Names of the Merchants Living in and About the City of London, 1677. 12mo.). ↩

  2684. Christian, daughter of Sir Alexander Urquhart of Cromarty. —⁠B. ↩

  2685. See August 16th, 1665. ↩

  2686. Instructions concerning erecting of a Library, presented to my Lord the President De Mesme by Gilbert Naudeus, and now interpreted by Jo. Evelyn, Esquire. London, 1661. This little book was dedicated to Lord Clarendon by the translator. It was printed while Evelyn was abroad, and is full of typographical errors; these are corrected in a copy mentioned in Evelyn’s Miscellaneous Writings, 1825, p. xii, where a letter to Dr. Godolphin on the subject is printed. ↩

  2687. Mrs. Bagwell. See ante, February 14th, 1664⁠–⁠65. ↩

  2688. Each of the Commissioners for the Sick and Wounded was appointed to a particular district, and Evelyn’s district was Kent and Sussex. On September 25th, 1665, Evelyn wrote in his Diary: “My Lord Admiral being come from ye fleet to Greenewich, I went thence with him to ye Cockpit to consult with the Duke of Albemarle. I was peremptory that unless we had £10,000 immediately, the prisoners would starve, and ’twas proposed it should be rais’d out of the E. India prizes now taken by Lord Sandwich. They being but two of ye Commission, and so not impower’d to determine, sent an express to his Majesty and Council to know what they should do.” ↩

  2689. Evelyn purchased Sayes Court, Deptford, in 1653, and laid out his gardens, walks, groves, enclosures, and plantations, which afterwards became famous for their beauty. When he took the place in hand it was nothing but an open field of one hundred acres, with scarcely a hedge in it. ↩

  2690. Apparently Thomas Beckford the slopseller, who was afterwards knighted (see note 868). Mr. Frank Cundall has written a valuable article on the Beckfords in the Journal of the Institute of Jamaica, vol. i, no. 8, p. 349. Mr. Cundall suggested to the editor that this may be Captain Edward Beckford, who is mentioned in a deposition dated December 18th, 1668, calendered by Mr. W. Noel Sainsbury in the Calendar of State Papers, Colonial Series (America and West Indies, 1661⁠–⁠68, p. 635). Thomas Beckford, however, is referred to in August, 1666, as Major Beckford, and therefore he may well have been a captain in 1665. ↩

  2691. John Tooker, Navy Office messenger. See ante, April 5th. ↩

  2692. Judith Penington was daughter of the Parliamentarian Alderman Isaac Penington, and sister of Isaac Penington the Quaker, and of Arthur Penington, who became a Roman Catholic priest. A letter to Judith Penington from her brother Isaac, in which he addresses her on her religious state, is printed in Maria Webb’s The Penns and Peningtons of the Seventeenth Century, 1867, p. 311: “Is thy soul in unity with God, or art thou separated from Him? Whither art thou travelling? oh, whither art thou travelling?” ↩

  2693. A false report. Alexander VII did not die till 1667. ↩

  2694. Philip IV, King of Spain, who succeeded to the throne in 1621, died in 1665. He was succeeded by his son Charles II. ↩

  2695. The King and Court removed to Oxford from Salisbury on September 23rd. ↩

  2696. Captain Jeremiah Smith (or Smyth), knighted June, 1665; Admiral of the Blue in 1666. He succeeded Sir William Penn as Comptroller of the Victualling Accounts in 1669, and held the office until 1675. ↩

  2697. At Swakeley House. See September 7th, 1665. ↩

  2698. Sion House, granted by Edward VI to his uncle, the Duke of Somerset. After his execution, 1552, it was forfeited, and given to John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland. The duke being beheaded in 1553, it reverted to the Crown, and was granted in 1604 to Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland. It still belongs to the Duke of Northumberland. ↩

  2699. Monk, Duke of Albemarle. ↩

  2700. Judith Penington. See ante, note 2692. ↩

  2701. This person, erroneously called by Pepys Sir C. Herbert, will be best defined by subjoining the inscription on his monument in Westminster Abbey: “Sir Charles Harbord, Knight, third son of Sir Charles Harbord, Knight, Surveyor-General, and First Lieutenant of the Royal James, under the most noble and illustrious Captaine, Edward, Earl of Sandwich, Vice-Admiral of England, which, after a terrible fight, maintained to admiration against a squadron of the Holland fleet, above six hours, near the Suffolk coast, having put off two fireships; at last, being utterly disabled, and few of her men remaining unhurt, was, by a third, unfortunately set on fire. But he (though he swome well) neglected to save himselfe, as some did, and out of perfect love to that worthy Lord, whom, for many yeares, he had constantly accompanyed, in all his honourable employments, and in all the engagements of the former war, died with him, at the age of xxxii, much bewailed by his father, whom he never offended; and much beloved by all for his known piety, virtue, loyalty, fortitude, and fidelity.” —⁠B. ↩

  2702. James Sotherne, secretary to Sir W. Coventry, and afterwards himself Secretary of the Admiralty (see note 157). ↩

  2703. The Duke of York’s letter appointing Thomas Wilson Surveyor of the Victualling of His Majesty’s Navy in the Port of London, and referring to Pepys as Surveyor-General of the Victualling Affairs, is printed in Memoirs of the English Affairs, Chiefly Naval, 1660⁠–⁠73, by James, Duke of York, 1729, p. 131. ↩

  2704. This sum was granted by the Commons to Charles, with a request that he would bestow it on his brother. —⁠B. ↩

  2705. Edward Coleman, musical composer and singer, who undertook the character of Alphonso when the first part of D’Avenant’s The Siege of Rhodes was acted at Rutland House in 1656. His wife represented the character of Ianthe at the same time. ↩

  2706. Nicholas Lanier, composer of the symphonies to several of the masques written by Ben Jonson, and performed at Court, had died, æt. 78, November 4th, 1646, and was buried at St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields (Somerset House Gazette, vol. i, p. 57). The Letters-Patent under which the Society of Musicians was incorporated at the Restoration, mention a Lanier, possibly a son of Nicholas, as first Marshal, and four others of his name as Wardens or Assistants of the Company. There is an engraved portrait of him in the British Museum (Addit. MS. 15,858, fol. 55), and a letter to his niece, Mrs. Richards, “at her house in the Old Aumery, Westminster.” —⁠B. ↩

  2707. M.P. for Bury St. Edmunds, and in the list of proposed Knights of the Royal Oak for Suffolk. —⁠B. ↩

  2708. Charles Wager was captain of the Yarmouth in the fleet at Scheveling attending Charles II on his return to England. He died at Deale, February 24th, 1665⁠–⁠66. Pepys says that even the Moors mentioned him with tears (see post, March 27th, 1668). ↩

  2709. This must surely have been Evelyn’s Sculptura, or the History and Art of Chalcography and Engraving in Copper, published in 1662. The translation of Freart’s Idea of the Perfection of Painting Demonstrated was not published until 1668. ↩

  2710. The Duke of Albemarle had more than one chaplain. Thomas Gumble, D.D., who wrote the life of his patron (1671), was one of these. ↩

  2711. Evelyn described the new art of mezzotint in his Sculptura. He published several works on gardening, and left MSS. on the same subject. We have no record of the plays referred to by Pepys. ↩

  2712. The tide of popular indignation ran high against Lord Sandwich, and he was sent to Spain as ambassador to get him honourably out of the way (see post, December 6th). ↩

  2713. The phrase “set up my rest” is a metaphor from the once fashionable game of Primero, meaning, to stand upon the cards you have in your hand, in hopes they may prove better than those of your adversary. Hence, to make up your mind, to be determined (see Nares’s Glossary). ↩

  2714. This was Bagwell’s wife. See February 14th, 1664⁠–⁠65. ↩

  2715. See note 3075, for the number of deaths from the plague as given in the Bills of Mortality. ↩

  2716. Origines Sacræ, or a rational Account of the Christian Faith, by Edward Stillingfleet, afterwards Dean of St. Paul’s and Bishop of Worcester, was published in 1662. ↩

  2717. There was a once famous King’s Head at the corner of fleet Street and Chancery Lane. ↩

  2718. Captain Crispe had only been made an Elder Brother on April 19th, 1665. ↩

  2719. Alderman Isaac Penington, Sheriff of London 1638, was elected Member of Parliament for the City of London in 1640, and in 1642 chosen Lord Mayor, and afterwards appointed Lieutenant of the Tower. He was one of the Commissioners for the trial of Charles I, but he did not sign the warrant for his execution, and a member of the Council of State, 1649. In 1660 he was committed to the Tower as one of the King’s judges, and his estates confiscated. He died there on December 17th, 1661. “. Warrant to Sir John Robinson, Lieutenant of the Tower, to deliver the corpse of Isaac Penington, who died in prison there [], to his relations” (State Papers). He had two sons: Isaac, a well-known Quaker, and Arthur, who became a Romish priest; and a daughter Judith. ↩

  2720. Erith. ↩

  2721. John Ashburnham, a Groom of the Bedchamber to Charles I, whom he attended during the whole of the Rebellion, and afterwards filled the same post under Charles II. He was, in 1661, M.P. for Sussex. Ob. 1671. The late Earl of Ashburnham, who was lineally descended from him, wrote an excellent vindication of his ancestor, against the insinuations of Clarendon and others. —⁠B. ↩

  2722. Colonel Francis Wyndham, a distinguished loyalist. Governor of Dunster Castle, Somersetshire. He was created a baronet November 18th, 1673. —⁠B. ↩

  2723. Known as Handsome Sidney. He was fourth son of Robert, second Earl of Leicester, created Earl of Romney, 1694. He was Warden of the Cinque Ports, 1691⁠–⁠1702; Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, 1692⁠–⁠95; and Master of the Ordnance, 1693⁠–⁠1702. He died, unmarried, April 8th, 1704. ↩

  2724. Henry Saville, sometime one of the Grooms of the Bedchamber to the Duke of York. —⁠B. ↩

  2725. Dr. Hueffer says that this song of Henry Lawes is evidently the one given to “Ariadne sitting upon a rock in the Island of Naxos deserted by Theseus,” opening the first book of the Ayres and Dialogues; and he adds, “Pepys shows his keen perception of the characteristics belonging not only to a single piece, but to a whole school of music. Lawes’s songs, even those of the most lyrical type, partake of the nature of the recitative in the sense that the declamatory element is never lost sight of” (Hueffer’s Italian and Other Studies, 1883, p. 293).

    Henry Lawes, son of William Lawes of Steeple Langford, and born at Dinton, co. Wilts. He was baptized January 1st, 1595⁠–⁠6, was sworn in as Pistler of the Chapel Royal January 1st, 1625⁠–⁠6, and afterwards became Gentleman and Clerk of the Cheque. He composed the music for Milton’s Comus, performed at Ludlow Castle in 1634, and performed the part of the attendant spirit. He continued in the service of Charles I until the king’s execution. He then had recourse to teaching. At the Restoration he was replaced in his offices at the Chapel Royal, and composed the Coronation Anthems for Charles II. He died October 21st, 1662, and was buried in the cloisters of Westminster Abbey (see The Old Cheque Book of the Chapel Royal, 1561⁠–⁠1744, edited by Dr. Rimbault, 1872, pp. 11, 13, 49, 59, 99, 114, 128, 145, 208). ↩

  2726. Peter Llewelyn was admitted a Clerk of the Privy Council on February 8th, 1659⁠–⁠60 (Index of Proceedings of Council, Calendar of State Papers, Domestic). He is frequently mentioned by Pepys as Luellin, but on April 26th, 1660 (vol. i, p. 119), his Christian name is given. Mr. W. R. Lluellyn has kindly given the editor this reference to the State Papers, and has also pointed out that Peter Llewelyn was probably the “Peter Fewellin” recorded in the register of St. George’s Chapel, Windsor, as having been “borne on the 29th September and baptised on the 30th do. in the year 1636.” This Peter Llewelyn was son of David Llewelyn, under-keeper of the privy lodgings and house at Windsor Castle, who died October 16th, 1661, and was buried on the 17th. In May, 1660, David petitioned for the reversion of the housekeeper’s place, on the ground that he defended the lodgings and wardrobe at the hazard of his life, and was imprisoned, and ordered to be tried for his life, but the late king himself mediated for him (Calendar of State Papers). His son, Charles Llewellin (baptized March 30th, 1630), succeeded his father as under-keeper of the house and privy lodgings at Windsor Castle (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, vol. clxxxv). Another son, David (born 22nd, and baptized 30th April, 1641), became rector of Tansor, and successively Prebendary of Lincoln and Peterborough (Register of St. Peter’s, Westminster; Bridges’ Northamptonshire. See Chester’s Westminster Abbey Registers, p. 18). The name is variously spelt “Fluellin” (the form adopted by Shakespeare) giving the nearest approach to the correct pronunciation. ↩

  2727. No. xxiv of the Oxford Gazette was the first London Gazette. The Williamson who “wrote” it was afterwards Sir Joseph Williamson. —⁠B. ↩

  2728. Among the Rawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian Library is Pepys’s acknowledgment of money received from Sir Hugh Cholmeley in 1665. ↩

  2729. This ledger is now in the British Museum, amongst some of Pepys’s papers, in the Ducket Collection. —⁠B. ↩

  2730. Amongst these documents, still in the Pepysian Library⁠—for Evelyn complains (Correspondence, vol. iii, p. 381, edit. 1852) that he lent them to Pepys, who omitted to return them⁠—are some letters relating to the death of Amy Robsart, Lady Robert Dudley. These letters between Lord Robert Dudley and Thomas Blount were published by Lord Braybrooke as an Appendix to the Diary. ↩

  2731. Frosting means, having the horses’ shoes turned up by the smith. ↩

  2732. Shaving. ↩

  2733. Sir Robert Long was Auditor of the Exchequer, which office was removed from Westminster to his Majesty’s honour of Nonsuch, August 15th, 1665. On September 22nd, 1670, the king demised the Great Park, Great Park Meadow, and the mansion house called Worcester Park, to Sir Robert Long, Bart., for ninety-nine years (Manning and Bray’s Surrey, vol. ii, p. 606). ↩

  2734. Collections of Bishop Jeremy Taylor’s Sermons were published in 1651⁠–⁠53 and 1657. ↩

  2735. Fretful, tetchy. ↩

  2736. Alan Broderick, son of Sir Thomas Broderick, of Richmond, Yorkshire, and Wandsworth, Surrey, was born in 1623 at Garret, near Wandsworth. After the Restoration he successively filled the offices of Provost-Marshal of Munster, Surveyor-General of Ireland, and one of the Commissioners for the settlement of the affairs of that kingdom. He was knighted by Charles II, and died in 1680. ↩

  2737. Instructions for the Victualling Agent in the Port of London, dated November 30th, 1665, will be found among the Rawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian. ↩

  2738. Sir James Bunce was an alderman of the City of London. ↩

  2739. Mrs. Chamberlain (see December 24th). ↩

  2740. Apparently Mrs. Lethieulier, daughter of Sir William Hooker (see December 13th). ↩

  2741. Colonel Wyndham’s wife was Anne, daughter and co-heir of Thomas Gerard, of Trent, Somersetshire. As to Mrs. Wyndham’s influence over Charles II, when Prince of Wales, see Clarendon, vol. v, p. 153, ed. 1826. —⁠B. ↩

  2742. Should be Ashburnham. See Sir John Ashburnham’s Vindication, and note 2721. ↩

  2743. William Legge, Groom of the Bedchamber to Charles I, and father to George Legge, first Lord Dartmouth. He was M.P. for Southampton. Died 1672. ↩

  2744. At the Cockpit. ↩

  2745. Lord Sandwich’s conduct at Bergen, when he captured eight Dutch ships of war and about twenty other vessels, and appropriated a portion of the cargo to his own use, caused him to be reprimanded and deprived of his command. To screen him, however, from public disgrace he was appointed ambassador to Spain. Sir Richard Fanshaw, our ambassador there, was unjustly superseded. Clarendon, in his Life, gives as the reason for Fanshaw’s recall disapproval of the commercial treaty between England and Spain of December 17th, 1665, which he had signed; but we see from Pepys’s words that Lord Sandwich’s appointment had been decided upon before this (see Lister’s Life of Clarendon, vol. ii, p. 359). ↩

  2746. The words of this song, addressed by Suleiman to Roxelana, are taken from the second part of the Siege of Rhodes, act iv, sc. 2, Pepys’s music is in the Pepysian Library.

    “Beauty retire; thou doest my pitty move,
    Believe my pitty, and then trust my love.
    [Exit Roxelana.
    Att first I thought her by our Prophet sent,
    As a reward for valour’s toiles.
    More worth than all my Father’s spoiles;
    But now, she is become my punishment.
    But thou art just, O Pow’r divine,
    With niew and painfull arts
    Of studied warr, I breake the hearts
    Of half the world, and shee breakes mine.”

    ↩

  2747. Genest, in his History of the British Stage, vol. i, enumerates sixteen characters filled by Mrs. Knipp, at the King’s House, between 1664 and 1678, when she disappears from the playbills, in which her name is spelt in six different ways. The details in the Diary respecting this lively actress and “her brute of a husband,” whom Pepys describes as a “horse jockey,” are so amusing, that any particulars of their subsequent history would have been interesting. ↩

  2748. Sister of Mrs. Clerke, wife of Dr. Clerke. See February 13th, 1666⁠–⁠67. ↩

  2749. When Lord Sandwich was away a new commander had to be chosen, and rank and long service pointed out Prince Rupert for the office, it having been decided that the heir presumptive should be kept at home. It was thought, however, that the same confidence could not be placed in the prince’s discretion as in his courage, and therefore the Duke of Albemarle was induced to take a joint command with him, “and so make one admiral of two persons” (see Lister’s Life of Clarendon, vol. ii, pp. 360, 361). ↩

  2750. “Sir Robert Viner’s chief man” (see ). ↩

  2751. The passage between brackets is from a piece of paper inserted in this place. ↩

  2752. Mr. Lethieulier’s wife was Anne, daughter of Sir William Hooker (see October 14th, 1666), and his wife Mary, daughter of Thomas Gipps, or Gibbs, of London. ↩

  2753. Edmund Hinton, a goldsmith in Lombard Street (Ellis’s Original Letters, 3rd series, vol. iv, p. 310). ↩

  2754. John Hinton, M.D., a strong royalist, who attended Henrietta Maria in her confinement at Exeter when she gave birth to the Princess Henrietta. He was knighted by Charles II, and appointed physician in ordinary to the king and queen. His knighthood was a reward for having procured a private advance of money from his kinsman, the goldsmith, to enable the Duke of Albemarle to pay the army (see “Memorial to King Charles II from Sir John Hinton, A.D. 1679,” printed in Ellis’s Original Letters, 3rd series, vol. iv, p. 296). ↩

  2755. James Houblon. ↩

  2756. Captain Hugh Seymour, of the Foresight (fourth rate), who was killed in the action of July, 1666 {see post, July 29th). ↩

  2757. According to Granville Penn (Memorials of Sir W. Penn, ii 488 n.) £2,000 went to Lord Sandwich and £8,000 among eight others. ↩

  2758. This document is in the British Museum (Harleian MS. 6287), and is entitled, “A Letter from Mr. Pepys, dated at Greenwich, 1 Jan. 1665⁠–⁠6, which he calls his New Year’s Gift to his hon. friend, Sir Wm. Coventry, wherein he lays down a method for securing his Majesty in husbandly execution of the Victualling Part of the Naval Expense.” It consists of nineteen closely written folio pages, and is a remarkable specimen of Pepys’s business habits. —⁠B. There are copies of several letters on the victualling of the navy, written by Pepys in 1666, among the Rawlinson MSS. in the Bodleian. ↩

  2759. The Scottish ballad is entitled, “Sir John Grehme and Barbara Allan,” and the English version, “Barbara Allen’s Cruelty.” Both are printed in Percy’s Reliques, Series III. ↩

  2760. A song called “Dapper Dicky” is in the British Museum; it begins, “In a barren tree.” It was printed in 1710. —⁠B. ↩

  2761. “This Duchess was Chancellor Hyde’s daughter, and she was a very handsome woman, and had a great deal of wit; therefore it was not without reason that Mr. Sydney, the handsomest youth of his time, of the Duke’s bedchamber, was so much in love with her, as appeared to us all, and the Duchess not unkind to him, but very innocently. He was afterwards banished the Court for another reason, as was reported.”

    Sir John Reresby’s Memoirs, August 5th, 1664, ed. Cartwright, pp. 64,65

    “ ‘How could the Duke of York make my mother a Papist?’ said the Princess Mary to Dr. Bumet. ‘The Duke caught a man in bed with her,’ said the Doctor, ‘and then had power to make her do anything.’ The Prince, who sat by the fire, said, ‘Pray, madam, ask the Doctor a few more questions’ ”

    Spence’s Anecdotes, ed. Singer, 329

    ↩

  2762. December 28th, 1665. In a Fellow’s chamber in Merton College, Oxford, of George Fitzroy, afterwards Duke of Northumberland. —⁠B. ↩

  2763. Admiral Sir Jeremy Smith, mentioned October 13th, 1665, ante, commanded a fleet in the Streights at this time, and another in the Channel in 1668. —⁠B. ↩

  2764. Make bows, play the courtier. The reading, “make leagues,” appeared in former editions till Mr. Mynors Bright corrected it. ↩

  2765. Alexander Brome. ↩

  2766. Anthony Lowther, of Marske, in Yorkshire, one of the original Fellows of the Royal Society, who shortly afterwards married Margaret Penn, was M.P. for Appleby in 1678 and 1679. He was buried at Walthamstow in 1692. William, his son by Margaret Penn, created a baronet in 1697, married the heir of Thomas Preston, of Holker, Lancashire. The second baronet married Elizabeth, daughter of William, Duke of Devonshire, and their son, dying unmarried, bequeathed Holker and other estates to his cousin, Lord George Cavendish. ↩

  2767. The Royal Society did not meet until February 21st, having had a specially long recess on account of the plague. At the previous meeting on June 28th, 1665, “Mr. Hooke was ordered to prosecute his chariot-wheels, watches, and glasses during the recess.” At the meeting of March 14th, “The President inquiring into the employments in which the members of the Society had been engaged during their long recess, several of those who were present gave some account thereof, viz., Dr. Wilkins and Mr. Hooke, of the business of the chariots, viz., that after great variety of trials they conceived that they brought it to a good issue, the defects found since the chariot came to London being thought easy to remedy,” etc. (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, p. 66). ↩

  2768. On the site of the Mansion House. ↩

  2769. John Baber, M.D., Physician in Ordinary to the king, who knighted him March 19th, 1660. He died 1703⁠–⁠4, aged seventy-nine. ↩

  2770. The jewels were stolen from the Dutch Vice-Admiral. See ante, November 16th. ↩

  2771. Dr. Robert Hooke. See note 2429. ↩

  2772. Sir George Ent, M.D., F.R.S. (1604⁠–⁠1689), President of the College of Physicians, 1670⁠–⁠75, 1682⁠–⁠1684. He was knighted by Charles II in 1665, in the Harveian Museum, immediately after the delivery of his Anatomy Lectures. His last publication was entitled Animadversiones in Malachiæ Thrustoni, M.D. Diatribam de Respirationis usu primario, London, 1672, 8vo (Munk’s Roll of the College of Physicians, vol. i, p. 223). Died 1689. ↩

  2773. Christopher Merrett, M.D. (1614⁠–⁠1695). ↩

  2774. From the Domestic State Papers in the Public Record Office, London. Page 327, Entry Book No. 105 of the Protector Oliver’s Council of State.

    Ordered by the Council, Thursday, August 7th, 1656, “That passes be graunted to goe beyond ye Seas to ye p’sons following, vizt To John Pepys and his man wth necessaryes for Holland, being on the desire of Mr Samll Pepys.”

    Probably this was a later journey of Pepys’ father to Holland, as Pepys says here he was a little boy then. —⁠M. B. ↩

  2775. Rumball is mentioned on several occasions in the Diary. OnOctober 29th, 1660 (vol. i, p. 270), Pepys praises his claret, and on December 8th, 1661 (vol. ii, p. 151), a great christening of Rumball’s child (Charles) is mentioned. Since these passages were printed the editor has been obligingly informed as to this worthy by Sir Horace Rumbold, Bart., G.C.M.G., H.B.M. Minister at the Hague. The forms Rumball and Rumbell given by Pepys are corruptions of the correct name, which was Rumbold. William Rumbold entered the office of the Great Wardrobe in 1629, attended Charles I all through the Civil War till Naseby, where he was engaged, together with his father, Thomas Rumbold, afterwards taken prisoner by the Parliamentary forces, and during the period of the Commonwealth he rendered considerable service to the royal cause. He acted as Secretary to the Secret Council which was kept up in England by Charles II during his exile, and among the Clarendon Papers at Oxford there are numerous letters from him written to the king, Lord Chancellor Hyde, Ormonde, and others. At the Restoration he became Comptroller of the Great Wardrobe and Surveyor-General of the Customs. He died May 27th, 1667, at his house at Parson’s Green, Fulham, where he is buried in the chancel of All Saints’ Church with his wife Mary, daughter of William Barclay, Esquire of the Body to Charles I. This distinguished royalist was an ancestor of Sir Horace Rumbold, who has contributed to the Transactions of the Royal Historical Society Notes on the History of the Family of Rumbold in the Seventeenth Century (N.S., vol. vi, p. 145). Sir Horace mentions the Colonel Henry Norwood referred to in the text as one of those friends who spoke of William Rumbold with great affection. ↩

  2776. The following summary of the deaths from the plague of 1665, in the parish of St. Olave’s, Hart Street, was extracted from the register by the Rev. C. Murray, and printed in the Gentleman’s Magazine, October, 1845: In July, 4; August, 22; September, 63; October, 54; November, 18; December, 5. Of these, there were buried in the churchyard, 98; in the new churchyard, 42; in vaults, 12; in the church, 7; in the chancel, 1. Buried, places of interment not specified, 166. Total, 326. No wonder that Pepys felt nervous on first entering the church after the sickness abated. —⁠B. ↩

  2777. Clarendon House. See note 2433. ↩

  2778. The dredger was probably the drageoir of France; in low Latin, dragerium, or drageria, in which comfits (dragées) were kept. Roquefort says, “The ladies wore a little spice-box, in shape like a watch, to carry dragées, and it was called a drageoir.” The custom continued certainly till the middle of the last century. Old Palsgrave, in his Eclaircissement de la Langue Françayse, gives “dradge” as spice, rendering it by the French word dragée. Chaucer says, of his Doctor of Physic,

    “Full ready hadde he his Apothecaries
    To send him dragges, and his lattuaries.”

    The word sometimes may have signified the pounded condiments in which our forefathers delighted. It is worth notice, that “dragge” was applied to a grain in the eastern counties, though not exclusively there, appearing to denote mixed grain. Bishop Kennett tells us that “dredge mault is mault made up of oats, mixed with barley, of which they make an excellent, freshe, quiete sort of drinke, in Staffordshire.” The dredger is still commonly used in our kitchen. —⁠B. ↩

  2779. Philip IV, who died September 17th, 1665. ↩

  2780. It was proclaimed by the Herald-at-Arms, and two of his brethren. His Majesty’s Sergeants-at-Arms, with other usual officers (with his Majesty’s trumpeters attending), before his royal palace at Whitehall; and afterwards (the Lord Mayor and his brethren assisting) at Temple Bar, and other the usual parts of the city (The London Gazette, February 8th⁠–⁠12th, 1665⁠–⁠6. —⁠B. ↩

  2781. John Hayls, or Hales, a portrait-painter “remarkable for copying Vandyke well, and for being a rival of Lely.” Pepys employed him to paint portraits of himself, his wife, and his father. ↩

  2782. It was the fashion at this time to be painted as St. Catherine, in compliment to the queen. ↩

  2783. This is supposed to be intended for the famous Will’s Coffee House in Covent Garden. ↩

  2784. Cadiz. ↩

  2785. The book purchased by Pepys is entitled, An Interpretation of the Number 666, wherein not only the manner how this Number ought to be interpreted is clearly proved and demonstrated; but it is also showed that this number is an exquisite and perfect character, truly, exactly, and essentially describing that state of Government to which all other notes of Antichrist doe agree. With all known objections solidly and fully answered, that can be materially made against it. By Francis Potter, B.D., Oxford, 1642, 4to. A copy of this work in the British Museum contains the bookplate of “William Hewer, of Clapham, in the county of Surrey, Esq., 1699.” See November 4th and 10th, 1666, post. —⁠B. ↩

  2786. John Ogilby’s Entertainment of Charles II in his Passage through the City of London to his Coronation was published by the king’s command in 1662⁠—a splendid volume with plates by Hollar. His translation of Aesop was published in 1651 and 1658; but it was probably the illustrated edition issued in 1665 which Pepys bought. The lottery took place at the old theatre between Lincoln’s Inn Fields and Vere Street. ↩

  2787. Afterwards the famous Sir Christopher Wren. He was one of the mainstays of the Royal Society. ↩

  2788. The camera obscura. ↩

  2789. Cranbourne Lodge. Sir G. Carteret’s official residence, as Vice-Chamberlain. See July 20th, 1665. ↩

  2790. Sidney Montagu, Lord Sandwich’s second son. ↩

  2791. Sir Charles Harbord. ↩

  2792. Sir George Carteret’s daughter Caroline. ↩

  2793. William Child, Doctor of Music, born at Bristol in 1604, and educated in the choir of the cathedral under Elway Bevin. In 1636 he was appointed one of the organists of St. George’s Chapel at Windsor. After the Restoration he was appointed “Chanter of the King’s Chapel at Whitehall,” and one of the organists. He died on March 23rd, 1696⁠–⁠7, in the ninety-first year of his age, and was buried in St. George’s Chapel, Windsor (Rimbault’s Old Cheque Book of the Chapel Royal, p. 226). ↩

  2794. Sir Henry Halford wrote “An Account of what appeared on opening the Coffin of K. Charles I at Windsor,” 1813, which was reprinted in his Essays and Orations, 1831, 1842. ↩

  2795. Matthew Wren, eldest son of the Bishop of Ely, of both his names, M.P. for St. Michael’s, 1661, and made secretary to Lord Clarendon, after whose fall he filled a similar office under the Duke of York, till his death in 1672. According to Pepys’s “Signs Manual,” Wren was mortally wounded in the battle of Solebay. He was one of the earliest members of the Royal Society, and published two tracts in answer to Harrington’s Oceana. —⁠B. ↩

  2796. The king took possession of Audley End the following autumn, but the conveyance of the estate was not executed till May 8th, 1699; of the purchase-money, which was £50,000, £20,000 remained on mortgage of the Hearth Tax in Ireland; and, in 1701, Henry Howard, fifth Earl of Suffolk, was allowed by the Crown, upon the debt being cancelled, to reestablish himself in the seat of his ancestors. It seems very doubtful whether the interest of the mortgage was ever received by the Suffolk family. —⁠B. ↩

  2797. William Castell wrote to the Navy Commissioners on February 17th, 1665⁠–⁠66, to inform them that the Defiance had gone to Longreach, and again, on February 22nd, to say that Mr. Grey had no masts large enough for the new ship. Sir William Batten on March 29th asked for the consent of the Board to bring the Defiance into dock (Calendar of State Papers, Domestic, 1665⁠–⁠66, pp. 252, 262, 324). ↩

  2798. Cadiz. ↩

  2799. Elbe. ↩

  2800. One of the City Members in the Oxford and Westminster Parliaments. See more of him in the Notes, by Scott, to Absalom and Achitophel; in which poem he is introduced under the designation of “railing Rabsheka.” —⁠B. ↩

  2801. There are several erasures in the original MS. ↩

  2802. John Lacy, the celebrated comedian (see note 1424 and note 1425). ↩

  2803. Robert and William Shotterel both belonged to the King’s Company at the opening of their new theatre in 1663. One of them, called by Downes a good actor, had been quartermaster to the troop of horse in which Hart was serving as lieutenant and Burt as cornet under Charles I’s standard; but nothing further is recorded of his merits or career. Pepys refers to Robert Shotterel, who, it appears, was living in Playhouse Yard, Drury Lane, 1681⁠–⁠84. —⁠B. ↩

  2804. John Troutbecke in 1661 was surgeon to the Life Guards, commanded by the Duke of Albemarle. ↩

  2805. Sir Robert Long (see note 1735 and note 2733). ↩

  2806. One of the Rotiers (see March 9th, 1662⁠–⁠63). ↩

  2807. James Hayes. ↩

  2808. Donna Luiza, the Queen Regent of Portugal. She was daughter of the Duke de Medina Sidonia and widow of Juan IV. The Court wore the deepest mourning on this occasion. The ladies were directed to wear their hair plain, and to appear without spots on their faces, the disfiguring fashion of patching having just been introduced. —⁠Strickland’s Queens of England, vol. viii, p. 362 ↩

  2809. Thomas Allen, M.D. (see note 1974). ↩

  2810. Jermyn Street and St. Alban’s Market, which was afterwards called St. James’s Market.

    “A large place with a commodious Market House in the midst, filled with Butchers’ shambles, besides the Stalls in the Marketplace for country Butchers, Higglers, and the like; being a market now (1720) grown to great account, and much resorted unto, as being well served with good provisions.”

    Strype, b. vi, p. 83

    ↩

  2811. Among the Rawlinson MSS. is a memorandum of this loan of £1,900, dated April 3rd, 1666. ↩

  2812. Pepys did not finish his setting of Ben Jonson’s song,

    “It is decreed⁠—nor shall thy fate, O Rome!
    Resist my vow, though hills were set on hills,”

    until November 11th, 1666. The original is preserved in the Pepysian Library. ↩

  2813. Parliament was summoned to meet on the 23rd April. ↩

  2814. Sir E. Walker, Garter King at Arms, in 1644 gave a grant of arms gratis to Thomas Chiffinch, one of the pages of his Majesty’s Bedchamber, Keeper of his private Closet, and Comptroller of the Excise. His brother William (whose daughter Barbara married Edward Villiers, first Earl of Jersey) appears to have succeeded to the two first-named appointments, and became a great favourite with the king, whom he survived. He died April 6th, 1666, and was buried on the 10th in Westminster Abbey. There is a portrait of William Chiffinch at Gorhambury. —⁠B. ↩

  2815. Richard Sterne, Bishop of Carlisle, elected Archbishop of York, 1664. Died June 18th, 1683. ↩

  2816. Richard Cromwell subsequently returned to England, and resided in strict privacy at Cheshunt for some years before his death in 1712. ↩

  2817. This picture was bought by Mr. Peter Cunningham at the sale of the Pepys-Cockerell collection in 1848, in the catalogue of which it was described as “Portrait of a Musician,” and was exhibited at the Manchester Art Treasures Exhibition, 1857. It was purchased by the trustees of the National Portrait Gallery in 1866. Pepys is represented in a gown “which I hired to be drawn in; a morning gown,” and holding in his left hand a piece of music, his own composition, with the words, “Beauty retire.” An etching from this picture is given as the frontispiece to the first volume of this work (see post, 13th inst., where we are informed that the landscape background was painted out by Pepys’s wish). There is a similar picture belonging to Mr. Hawes, of Kensington, which Mr. George Scharf, C.B., the Keeper of the National Portrait Gallery, thinks is either a replica or a good old copy. ↩

  2818. John Creed was selected as a member of council at this meeting. ↩

  2819. Margaret Lowther subsequently married John Holmes, afterwards knighted. —⁠B. ↩

  2820. This report of her death was not true (see March 7th, 1666⁠–⁠67). —⁠M. B. ↩

  2821. These portraits of the Admirals by Sir Peter Lely are at present at Greenwich Hospital. They were exhibited at the Naval Exhibition, 1891. Pepys does not mention Sir John Lawson. ↩

  2822. The columna rostrata erected in the Forum to C. Duilius, who obtained a triumph for the first naval victory over the Carthaginians, B.C. 261. Part of the column was discovered in the ruins of the Forum near the Arch of Septimius, and transferred to the Capitol. —⁠B. ↩

  2823. This is the first mention of Pepys’s buying prints. —⁠B. ↩

  2824. A rupture. ↩

  2825. Stangate. ↩

  2826. A cant expression for tight shoes. ↩

  2827. In the Strand the mansion stood where Beaufort Buildings are now; it was rented by Lord Clarendon while his house was building. ↩

  2828. For the making books of accounts for pursers see March 2nd, 1665⁠–⁠66. ↩

  2829. Sir Thomas Ridley, a native of Ely. He was a Master in Chancery, and author of A View of the Civil and Ecclesiastical Law, published at Oxford in 1607, and frequently reprinted. He died 1626. —⁠M. B. ↩

  2830. Hatcham, near New Cross, on the Deptford Road. ↩

  2831. This book, which has frequently been reprinted, was written by Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy, for the amusement of his mistress, Madame de Montglas, and consists of sketches of the chief ladies of the court, in which he libelled friends and foes alike. These circulated in manuscript, and were printed at Liège in 1665. Louis XIV was so much annoyed with the book that he sent the author to the Bastille for over a year. ↩

  2832. John Downing. ↩

  2833. See April 5th, 1666. ↩

  2834. Sir Walter Scott observes, in his Life of Dryden, that the romances of Calprenede and Scudéry, those ponderous and unmerciful folios, now consigned to oblivion, were, in their day, not only universally read and admired, but supposed to furnish the most perfect models of gallantry and heroism. Dr. Johnson read them all. “I have,” says Mrs. Chapone, “and yet I am still alive, dragged through Le Grand Cyrus, in twelve huge volumes; Cleopatra, in eight or ten; Ibrahim, Clelie, and some others, whose names, as well as all the rest of them, I have forgotten” (Letters to Mrs. Carter). No wonder that Pepys sat on thorns, when his wife began to recite Le Grand Cyrus in the coach, “and trembled at the impending tale.” —⁠B. ↩

  2835. There appears to be some error in these figures. —⁠B. ↩

  2836. St. Margaret’s. ↩

  2837. Dick Shore or Duck Shore, Limehouse (see note 881). ↩

  2838. In the margin of the MS. is this note: “This of Mr. Homewood ought to come in upon the first of June.” ↩

  2839. Robert, Lord Bruce, succeeded his father as Earl of Elgin, December 21st, 1663; created Earl of Aylesbury, March 18th, 1665. Died October 20th, 1685. ↩

  2840. Of Ravensworth Castle, Durham, succeeded his grandfather, the first baronet, 1650. He had three daughters. Died 1697. —⁠B. ↩

  2841. Kensington. ↩

  2842. Evelyn was in his garden when he heard the guns, and be at once set off to Rochester and the coast, but he found that nothing had been heard at Deale (see his Diary, June 1st, 1666). ↩

  2843. Sir Joseph Jordan, in a letter to Sir William Penn, dated “Royal Oak, June 5th,” 1666, writes:

    “It is believed, that if Prince Rupert had been with us the first day, the enemy could not have escaped. But we must submit to the all-seeing Providence, who knows what is best for us. It is my part to praise my God that hath delivered me and this ship wonderfully, after so many days’ battle; the greatest passes, I think, that ever was fought at sea.”

    Penn’s Memorials of Sir William Penn, ii, 390

    ↩

  2844. Bishop Wilkins’s “Essay Towards a Real Character and a Philosophical Language” was published in 1668. ↩

  2845. Captain Robert Clark. ↩

  2846. Captain Philemon Bacon. ↩

  2847. Captain William Jennings, knighted soon after this engagement. ↩

  2848. Captain Francis Sanders. ↩

  2849. Sir Thomas Bludworth. ↩

  2850. A loyal officer in the army of Charles I, afterwards secretary to Anne Hyde, Duchess of York. His grandson, of the same name, was author of some plays and poems, and died in 1738. —⁠B. ↩

  2851. Ranger of Richmond Park. He was brother-in-law to the Edward Montagu killed at Bergen. —⁠B. ↩

  2852. Sir Thomas Harvey. ↩

  2853. John Coppin. He commanded the St. George, a second-rate, in this bloody conflict. ↩

  2854. Brother of Sir Robert Holmes, and afterwards Sir John Hohnes. He married Margaret Lowther. ↩

  2855. Margaret Brook, married to Sir John Denham, May 25th, 1665. George Brook, third son of William Brook, Lord Cobham, was attainted and executed for his share in Raleigh’s plot. He left a son, William Brook, who, having been restored in blood, and made a Knight of the Bath, espoused Penelope, third daughter of Sir Moyses Hill, of Hillsborough Castle, in Ireland, the ancestor of the Marquises of Downshire, by whom he had issue three daughters: first, Hill, who became the wife of Sir William Boothby; the second, Frances, described, on the lettering of her engraved portrait, as “Lady Whitmore.” She was the wife of Sir Thomas Whitmore, of Bridgenorth, second son of Sir Thomas Whitmore, of Apley, Bart. Her daughter, Frances, married William, grandson of Sir George Whitmore, of Balmes, mentioned by Pepys. See Dryden’s epitaph on her in his Works (Scott’s edit., vol. xi, p. 150): the third was Lady Denham.

    Their mother, Lady Brook, surviving her husband, remarried Edward Russell, youngest son of Francis, fifth Earl of Bedford, whose sister was Countess of Bristol. Hence the relationship, or rather the connection, between the two families; for Hamilton (Mém. de Grammont) mentioning that les Demoiselles Brook assisted at all Lord Bristol’s fêtes, calls them ses parents. —⁠B.

    The marriage of Sir John Denham to Margaret Brook took place in Westminster Abbey. ↩

  2856. Henrietta Maria Price, daughter of Colonel Sir Herbert Price, Bart., Master of the Household to Queen Henrietta Maria, and afterwards to King Charles II, maid of honour to the queen, who figures far from creditably in the Grammont memoirs. ↩

  2857. Sir Ellis Layton or Elisha Leighton (see note 2031). ↩

  2858. Mother or mauther, a wench. ↩

  2859. Sir Hugh Cholmley (see note 1486). ↩

  2860. Charnock (Biographia Navalis, p. 163) mentions a Sir John Du Tiel, said to have been of French extraction and a knight of Malta. The Duke of York took Captain Du Tell into his service as Yeoman of the Cellar and Cupbearer. This most improper step of the Duke of York is alluded to in the Poems on State Affairs, vol. i, p. 36, ed. 1703:

    “Cashier the memory of Dutell, raised up
    To taste, instead of death, his Highness’ cup.”

    See July 27th, 1666. ↩

  2861. Louis de Duras, Marquis de Blanquefort in France, who served with the English fleet as a volunteer; Earl of Feversham in 1677. See note 2414. ↩

  2862. Professor Laughton (in the Dict. Nat. Biog.) shows cause for doubting the correctness of this statement. ↩

  2863. A comedy, by Thomas Middleton, acted at the Blackfriars, and published in 1661. ↩

  2864. This treatment seems to have been that of the Dutch populace alone, and there does not appear to have been cause of complaint against the government. Respecting Sir W. Berkeley’s body the following notice was published in the London Gazette of July 15th, 1666 (No. 69) “Whitehall, July 15. This day arrived a trumpet from the States of Holland, who came over from Calais in the Dover packet-boat, with a letter to his Majesty, that the States have taken order for the embalming the body of Sir William Berkeley, which they have placed in the chapel of the great church at the Hague, a civility they profess to owe to his corpse, in respect to the quality of his person, the greatness of his command, and of the high courage and valour he showed in the late engagement; desiring his Majesty to signify his pleasure about the further disposal of it.” “Frederick Ruysch, the celebrated Dutch anatomist, undertook, by order of the States-General, to inject the body of the English Admiral Berkeley, killed in the sea-fight of 1666; and the body, already somewhat decomposed, was sent over to England as well prepared as if it had been the fresh corpse of a child. This produced to Ruysch, on the part of the States-General, a recompense worthy of their liberality, and the merit of the anatomist,” (James’s Medical Dictionary, quoted in the Gentleman’s Magazine, vol. lvii, p. 214). Sir William Berkeley was buried the following August in Westminster Abbey. ↩

  2865. Mr. Ensum died at the end of the year (see December 12th, 1666). ↩

  2866. Jean Baptiste Lulli, son of a Tuscan peasant, born 1633, died 1687. He invented the dramatic overture.

    “But during the first years of Charles II all music affected by the beau mond run in the french way; and the rather because at that time the master of the court music in France, whose name was Baptista (an Italian frenchifyed) had influenced the french style by infusing a great portion of the Italian harmony into it, whereby the ayre was exceedingly improved.”

    North’s Memoires of Music, ed. Rimbault, 1846, p. 102

    ↩

  2867. John Bannister, composer of Choice Ayres and Songs and of the incidental music to several masques, tragedies, and plays, including Shakespeare’s Tempest. He was in 1663 appointed first violin to the king, which post he is said to have lost owing to his upholding within the hearing of his Majesty the superiority of English over French players. He started successful concerts in London “over against the George Tavern in Whitefriars” (Hueffer’s Italian and Other Studies, p. 247). In the London Gazette, January 2⅕, 1674, is the following entry: “Mr. John Bannister that lived in White Fryers is removed to Shandois Street, Covent Garden, and there intends to have the like entertainment as formerly on Tuesday next, and every evening for the future, Sunday excepted.” Bannister died in 1679 at the age of forty-nine. ↩

  2868. The island of St. Christopher’s or St. Kitt’s, one of the Leeward Islands, was discovered in November, 1493, by Columbus, who was so pleased with it that he gave it his own Christian name. It was never colonized by the Spaniards, but in 1625 was taken possession of by a band of buccaneers consisting of English and French. Many contentions took place before it became definitely a British possession. ↩

  2869. The Duke of Albemarle. ↩

  2870. Abate from an amount.

    “And do not see how much they must defalke
    Of their accounts, to make them gree with ours.”

    —⁠Daniel, Philotas, 1605

    ↩

  2871. Faithorne’s shop was on the north side of the Strand just outside Temple Bar, on the site of part of the Law Courts. ↩

  2872. Captain John Aylett of the Portland. ↩

  2873. Captain Francis Steward. ↩

  2874. Corneille’s play (Pompée), one act of which was translated by Edmund Waller, and the rest by Lord Buckhurst, Sir Charles Sedley, and Sidney Godolphin. Published in 1664. ↩

  2875. Captain John Swanley, appointed to the York in 1664. ↩

  2876. See note 1959, October 24th, 1663. Prujean married at Westminster, February 13th, 1664⁠–⁠65, Lady Margaret, daughter of Edward, Lord Gorges, and relict of Sir Thomas Fleming. She subsequently remarried Sir John Maynard, serjeant-at-law. ↩

  2877. Mary, daughter of Colonel Hervey Bagot, of Pipe Hall, co. Warwick, born 1645; maid of honour to the Duchess of York, 1660; married, December 1 8th, 1664, Charles Berkeley, Earl of Falmouth, who was killed June 3rd, 1665, in the battle of Southwold Bay. In June, 1674, she took for a second husband Charles Sackville, Earl of Dorset and Middlesex, K.G., and died in childbed September 12th, 1679. Her name is usually given as Elizabeth, but this is a mistake. ↩

  2878. This division of the fleet was the original cause of the disaster, and at a later period the enemies of Clarendon charged him with having advised this action, but Coventry’s communication to Pepys in the text completely exonerates Clarendon. ↩

  2879. John Amos Comenius, a learned grammarian, born in Moravia, in 1592. Amongst other works, he published the play here mentioned, entitled, Schola Ludus seu Encyclopædia Viva (hoc est) Januæ Linguarum Praxis Scenica. This curious book contains the details of eight dramatic pieces, represented at the author’s school, at Patak, in 1654. Comenius died at Amsterdam, in 1671. —⁠B. ↩

  2880. Robert Greville, Lord Brooke, died 1676. Evelyn mentions this garden as Lady Brooke’s, and describes it as “one of the neatest and most celebrated in England” (May 5th, 1654). Brooke House, at Clapton, was subsequently occupied as a private madhouse. ↩

  2881. There is some dispute as to the date of the introduction of the sweet orange into Europe. It appears that in 1492 it was cultivated in England, and in some parts of the country it has thrived in the open air even during the winter. ↩

  2882. Mr., afterwards Sir Thomas Chicheley, a Privy Counsellor and Commissioner of the Ordnance. —⁠B. ↩

  2883. Henry Stone, painter and statuary, son of Nicholas Stone, master mason, died August 24th, 1653. If the portrait of Lord Coventry (died January 14th, 1639⁠–⁠40) was painted by him, the painting mentioned in the text was probably copied by Stone’s brother John. ↩

  2884. A proverbial expression when a person was either awed by threats, or overreached by subtlety, to give money upon a trifling or fictitious consideration.

    Leon Mine honest friend, will you take eggs for money?
    Mam No, my Lord, I’ll fight.
    —⁠Shakespeare, Winter’s Tale, act i, sc. 2

    (Nares’s Glossary.) ↩

  2885. As his conduct during the Great Fire fully proved, when he is said to have boasted that he would extinguish the flames by the same means to which Swift tells us Gulliver had recourse at Lilliput. —⁠B. ↩

  2886. The practice of impressment was sanctioned by custom, and several acts of parliament were passed from the reign of Philip and Mary to that of George III, to regulate it. These laws have not been repealed, although they have fallen into abeyance. ↩

  2887. The first Roxelana was Mrs. Davenport (see note 1337 and note 1420). Mrs. Norton is not mentioned in Genest’s English Stage. ↩

  2888. Mother or mauther, a wench. ↩

  2889. Francis Finch was one of the “Commissioners for discharging, settling and recovering the arrears of excise due to the King.” ↩

  2890. John Vaughan (born 1603, died 1674) was appointed Chief Justice of the Common Pleas in 1668, when he was knighted. See March 28th, 1664. ↩

  2891. Brome died June 30th, 1666, and was buried, by his own desire, under Lincoln’s Inn Chapel, by the side of Prynne. —⁠B. ↩

  2892. Mrs. Knipp. See January 5th, 1665⁠–⁠66. ↩

  2893. There is a blank space here in the MS. ↩

  2894. Charles Stuart, born on the 4th; created Duke of Kendal; died May 22nd, 1667. ↩

  2895. Goring House was afterwards named Arlington House, and stood on the site of the present Buckingham Palace. ↩

  2896. To Isabella, daughter of Louis de Nassau, Lord of Beverwaert and Count of Nassau, natural son of Prince Maurice. She was sister of the Countess of Ossory; her daughter by Lord Arlington was afterwards first Duchess of Grafton. —⁠B. ↩

  2897. Nan Hartlib. See July 10th, 1660. ↩

  2898. See Evelyn’s Diary, June 18th, 1670:

    “Lord Stafford rose from table, in some disorder, because there were roses stuck about the fruit when the discert was set on the table; such an antipathy, it seems, he had to them as once Lady Selenger also had, and to that degree that, as Sir Kenelm Digby tells us, laying but a rose upon her cheek, when she was asleep, it raised a blister; but Sir Kenelm was a teller of strange things.”

    ↩

  2899. Of Albemarle. ↩

  2900. The manor of Lisson Green (originally Lilestone) was described at the end of the last century as “a pleasant village near Paddington.” The name Lisson Grove still remains. ↩

  2901. “Help, Help, O Help, Divinity of Love,” by Henry Lawes (see note 513). ↩

  2902. For which Pepys was to receive £500. —⁠B. ↩

  2903. Enrico Caterino Davila (1576⁠–⁠1631) was one of the chief historical writers of Italy, and his Storia delle guerre civili di Francia covers a period of forty years, from the death of Henri II to the Peace of Vervins in 1598. ↩

  2904. This portrait is now at Greenwich Hospital, and an engraving from it is given here. ↩

  2905. Twickenham, where Dr. William Fuller kept a school. He was translated to Lincoln in 1667 (see note 128). ↩

  2906. Afterwards made Treasurer of the Navy, in conjunction with Sir Thomas Osborne. He was the eldest son of Sir Adam Littleton, of Stoke Milburgh, Salop, who had been created a baronet in 1642. He married Anne, daughter and heir of Edward, Lord Littleton, the Lord Keeper, and died in 1681, aged fifty-seven. Sir Thomas Littleton, the only son of this match, became Speaker of the House of Commons, and deceased, s. p., in 1709. —⁠B. ↩

  2907. Sir William Penn’s instructions from the Duke of York directing him to embark on his Majesty’s yacht Henrietta, and to see to the manning of such ships has had been left behind by the fleet, dated on this day, 20th July, is printed in Penn’s Memorials of Sir W. Penn, vol. ii, p. 406. ↩

  2908. This picture occasioned Pepys trouble long afterwards, having been brought as evidence that he was a Papist (see Life, vol. i, p. xxxiii). ↩

  2909. He died June 16th, 1666 (see note 573). ↩

  2910. He had reason afterwards to alter his opinion of his “good master, the King,” by whom he was ruined (see note 552). —⁠M. B. ↩

  2911. Pepys seems to have foreseen the fate of De Witt. —⁠B. ↩

  2912. Thomas Howard, second son of Thomas, first Earl of Suffolk, created Knight of the Garter in 1625, and Earl of Berkshire in February, 1625⁠–⁠26. Died July 16th, 1669, aged nearly ninety. ↩

  2913. Sir Robert Moray, one of the founders of the Royal Society, who acted frequently as president before the charter of 1662, and as vice-president afterwards. ↩

  2914. Captain Willoughby Hannam, or Hanham, greatly distinguished himself in this action. He, his officers, and crew were saved, and he lived on till 1672, when he was killed in the action off Solebay. ↩

  2915. Eldest son of the Duc de Grammont. ↩

  2916. Captain Du Tell, see note 2860. ↩

  2917. Walter Charleton, M.D., son of the Rev. Walter Charleton, rector of Shepton Mallet, in Somersetshire, was born in the rectory house, February 2nd, 1619, and soon after the breaking out of the Civil War he was appointed physician to the king. He was afterwards one of the travelling physicians to Charles II, and physician in ordinary to the king during his exile and after the Restoration. He was president of the College of Physicians in 1689, 1690, and 1691. He was a learned and voluminous author, and died on April 24th, 1707 (Munk’s Roll of the College of Physicians, vol. i, p. 390). ↩

  2918. In a letter from Richard Browne to Williamson, dated Aldborough, July 31st, we read, “It was the Breda, not the Rainbow, that was disabled, and her commander, Captain Saunders, sadly wounded” (Calendar of State Papers, 1665⁠–⁠66, p. 594). ↩

  2919. Lauderdale House and grounds, on Highgate Hill, are now open to the public and known as Waterlow Park. The house is used for refreshment rooms. ↩

  2920. In a letter from Richard Browne to Williamson, dated Yarmouth, July 30th, we read, “The Zealanders were engaged with the Blue squadron Wednesday and most of Thursday, but at length the Zealanders ran; the Dutch fleet escaped to the Weelings and Goree” (Calendar of State Papers, 1665⁠–⁠66, p. 591). ↩

  2921. Sir John Robinson. ↩

  2922. Captain Hugh Seymour, of the Foresight. ↩

  2923. Admiral John Evertsen; Michael Adrian de Ruyter, Admiral of Friezland; Adrian Banckaert, Vice-Admiral of Holland. ↩

  2924. Captain William Martin. He was buried in Aldeburgh Church. ↩

  2925. Southampton Market, established in 1662, and afterwards called Bloomsbury Market. It was never very successful, and was swept away about 1847, when New Oxford Street was formed. Market Street still remains. ↩

  2926. To spoom, or spoon, is to go right before the wind, without any sail.

    Sea Dictionary

    Dryden uses the word

    “When virtue spooms before a prosperous gale,
    My heaving wishes help to fill the sail.”

    Hind and Panther, iii 96

    ↩

  2927. Lord Hinchingbrooke. ↩

  2928. St. Lawrence Poultney, of which parish Thomas Elborough was curate. See September 2nd, 1666. ↩

  2929. Melon. ↩

  2930. In the church of St. Dionis Backchurch, amongst other memorials of different members of his family, is a monument on a pillar for Daniel Rawlinson, the person mentioned in the text. He was a London wine merchant, descended from the Graisdales of Lancashire, born in this parish, and died in 1679, aged sixty-five. He was the father of Sir Thomas Rawlinson, President of Bridewell Hospital, and Lord Mayor in 1706; two of whose sons, Thomas and Richard, LL.D., were well known in the literary world as eminent antiquaries and book collectors, though their extensive libraries were ultimately consigned to the hammer. Richard, who had been educated at St. John’s College, Oxford, will long be remembered as a munificent benefactor to that university (see Malcolm’s London, vol. iii, p. 438, edit. 1803). —⁠B. ↩

  2931. The tavern was evidently selected to mark Pepys’s disgust at his wife’s ill-humour; but he probably did not venture to mention the circumstance on his return home. —⁠B. ↩

  2932. Wife of Sir Edmund Pooly, mentioned before (see November 1st, 1665). —⁠B. ↩

  2933. Her husband, Daniel Rawlinson. —⁠B. ↩

  2934. According to the Little London Directory of 1677, Humphrey Stocks was a goldsmith at the Black Horse in Lombard Street; his successor was Robert Stokes. ↩

  2935. A proclamation ordering August 14th to be observed in London and Westminster, and August 23rd in other places, as a day of thanksgiving for the late victory at sea over the Dutch, was published on August 6th. ↩

  2936. John Dolben, born March 20th, 1625; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford. He was under arms for the king until the forces were disbanded. He took orders in 1656, and was made Canon of Christ Church at the Restoration; Dean of Westminster, 1662; Bishop of Rochester, 1666; Lord High Almoner, 1675; and Archbishop of York, 1683. He died of small pox at his palace, April 11th, 1686. The sermon (on Psalm 18:1⁠–⁠3) was printed, London, 1666, 4to. ↩

  2937. The Bear Garden was situated on Bankside, close to the precinct of the Clinke Liberty, and very near to the old palace of the bishops of Winchester. Stow, to his Survey, says: “There be two Bear Gardens, the old and new Places.” The name still exists in a street or lane at the foot of Southwark Bridge, and in Bear Garden Wharf. ↩

  2938. On the 8th August the Duke of Albemarle reported to Lord Arlington that he had “sent 1,000 good men under Sir R. Holmes and Sir William Jennings to destroy the islands of Vlie and Schelling.” On the 10th James Hayes wrote to Williamson: “On the 9th at noon smoke was seen rising from several places in the island of Vlie, and the 10th brought news that Sir Robert had burned in the enemy’s harbour 160 outward bound valuable merchant men and three men-of-war, and taken a little pleasure boat and eight guns in four hours. The loss is computed at a million sterling, and will make great confusion when the people see themselves in the power of the English at their very doors. Sir Robert then landed his forces, and is burning the houses in Vlie and Schelling as bonfires for his good success at sea” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, pp. 21, 27). ↩

  2939. Captain George Erwin, of the William. ↩

  2940. Mrs. Barbara Sheldon. ↩

  2941. Dragoman. ↩

  2942. See August 15th, ante. ↩

  2943. This bank at Amsterdam is referred to in a tract entitled An Appeal to Caesar, 1660, p. 22. In 1640 Charles I seized the money in the mint in the Tower entrusted to the safe keeping of the Crown. It was the practice of the London goldsmiths at this time to allow interest at the rate of six or eight percent on money deposited with them (J. Biddulph Martin, The Grasshopper in Lombard Street, 1892, p. 152). ↩

  2944. Sir Francis Cottington, a younger son of Philip Cottington, of Godmanston, Somerset, was created by Charles I Lord Cottington of Hanworth. He became successively one of the clerks of the council. Chancellor of the Exchequer, ambassador into Spain, and Lord Treasurer of England under the two elder Stuarts. He died at Valladolid in 1653, s. p., and his body was brought to England and interred under a stately monument in Westminster Abbey, erected by Charles Cottington, his nephew and heir. See December 6th, 1667, for an account of his disinheriting a nephew for a foolish speech. —⁠B. ↩

  2945. The town burned (see August 15th, ante) was Brandaris, a place of 1,000 houses, on the isle of Schelling; the ships lay between that island and the Fly (i.e. Vlieland), the adjoining island. This attack probably provoked that by the Dutch on Chatham. See note 2938, and Pepys’s remarks, June 30th, 1667, post. —⁠B. ↩

  2946. These presses still exist, and, according to Pepys’s wish, they are placed in the second court of Magdalene College in a room which they exactly fit, and the books are arranged in the presses just as they were when presented to the college. —⁠M. B. ↩

  2947. The Lord Keeper. Died January 14th, 1639⁠–⁠40. ↩

  2948. The patent for printing Bibles, etc., in London was held by Bonham Norton in the early part of the seventeenth century. The printer referred to by Pepys appears to have been Roger Norton, who was Master of the Stationers’ Company in 1678, 1682, 1683, 1684, and 1687. Amongst the State Papers is a “Petition of Roger Norton, printer, to the King, to be resettled in the place of King’s Printer, on his claim to which a suit is depending in Chancery. The place is now held by gentlemen who do not understand printing, and the work is done by those who were printers under Cromwell, and who, as permitted by him, still print Bibles and service books” (Calendar, 1661⁠–⁠62, p. 76). ↩

  2949. Thomas Lewis, clerk in the Victualling Office. ↩

  2950. Philpot Lane, between Fenchurch Street and Eastcheap, where the Commissioners of the Navy had an office in 1623. ↩

  2951. The letter from Prince Rupert and the Duke of Albemarle to the king (dated August 27th, from the Royal Charles, Sole Bay) is among the State Papers. The generals complain of the want of supplies, in spite of repeated importunities. The demands are answered by accounts from Mr. Pepys of what has been sent to the fleet, which will not satisfy the ships, unless the provisions could be found “… Have not a month’s provision of beer, yet Sir Wm. Coventry assures the ministers that they are supplied till Oct. 3; unless this is quickened they will have to return home too soon.⁠ ⁠… Want provisions according to their own computation, not Sir Wm. Coventry’s, to last to the end of October” (Calendar, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 71). ↩

  2952. See July 6th, 1665. ↩

  2953. King Henry IV, Part I, act v, sc. 4. ↩

  2954. François de Vendôme, Due de Beaufort, well known in the annals of France, was born in 1616, and in 1664 and 1665 commanded a naval expedition against the African corsairs (see October 11th, 1664). The following year he had the charge of a fleet intended to act in concert with the Dutch against England, but which was merely sent out as a political demonstration. He was killed at the siege of Candia in 1669. —⁠B. ↩

  2955. James Hayes, secretary to Prince Rupert. ↩

  2956. Pudding Lane, leading from Eastcheap to Lower Thames Street. The name of the baker was Farryner. ↩

  2957. St. Lawrence Poultney. See note 2928. ↩

  2958. Sir Thomas Bludworth. See June 30th, 1666. ↩

  2959. Sir William Coventry wrote to Lord Arlington on the evening of this day, “The Duke of York fears the want of workmen and tools tomorrow morning, and wishes the deputy lieutenants and justices of peace to summon the workmen with tools to be there by break of day. In some churches and chapels are great hooks for pulling down houses, which should be brought ready upon the place tonight against the morning” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 95). ↩

  2960. James Carcasse. See note 2628. ↩

  2961. The virginal differed from the spinet in being square instead of triangular in form. The word pair was used in the obsolete sense of a set, as we read also of a pair of organs. The instrument is supposed to have obtained its name from young women, playing upon it. ↩

  2962. Irongate Stairs, at the bottom of Little Tower Hill. ↩

  2963. A copy of this letter, preserved among the Pepys MSS. in the author’s own handwriting, is subjoined:

    “Sir, The fire is now very near us as well on Tower Street as Fenchurch Street side, and we little hope of our escape but by this remedy, to the want whereof we do certainly owe the loss of the City namely, the pulling down of houses, in the way of the fire. This way Sir W. Penn and myself have so far concluded upon the practising, that he is gone to Woolwich and Deptford to supply himself with men and necessaries in order to the doing thereof, in case at his return our condition be not bettered and that he meets with his R. H.’s approbation, which I had thus undertaken to learn of you. Pray please to let me have this night (at whatever hour it is) what his R. H.’s directions are in this particular; Sir J. Minnes and Sir W. Batten having left us, we cannot add, though we are well assured of their, as well as all the neighbourhood’s concurrence.

    “Your obedient servant,

    “S. P.

    “Sir W. Coventry,

    “Septr. 4, 1666.”

    ↩

  2964. J. Hickes wrote to Williamson on September 3rd from the “Golden Lion, Red Cross Street Posthouse. Sir Philip [Frowde] and his lady fled from the [letter] office at midnight for safety; stayed himself till 1 a.m. till his wife and childrens’ patience could stay, no longer, fearing lest they should be quite stopped up; the passage was so tedious they had much ado to get where they are. The Chester and Irish, mails have come-in; sends him his letters, knows not how to dispose of the business” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 95). ↩

  2965. Allhallows Barking, in Great Tower Street, nearly opposite the end of Seething Lane. The church had a narrow escape. ↩

  2966. He forgot the shoulder of mutton from the cook’s the day before. —⁠B. ↩

  2967. Evelyn writes in his Diary, under date September 7th: “Sir Tho. Gresham’s statue, though fallen from its nich in the Royal Exchange, remained intire, when all those of ye Kings since ye Conquest were broken to pieces.” ↩

  2968. The terrible disaster which overtook London was borne by the inhabitants of the city with great fortitude, but foreigners and Roman Catholics had a bad dime. As no cause for the outbreak of the fire could be traced, a general cry was raised that it owed its origin to a plot. In a letter from Thomas Waade to Williamson (dated “Whitby, Sept. 14th”) we read, “The destruction of London by fire is reported to be a hellish contrivance of the French, Hollanders, and fanatic party” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 124). ↩

  2969. “St. Faith’s under St. Paul’s” was situated immediately beneath the choir of old St. Paul’s. When the cathedral was lengthened eastward, about 1255, the old parish church of St. Faith was cleared away to make room for this extension. The “famous vault,” as Dugdale calls it, was then appropriated as a parish church. At the Reformation the church of the parish was removed to Jesus Chapel in the cathedral, but the crypt retained its old name. Evelyn writes of the burning of St. Paul’s: “It was astonishing to see what immense stones the heate had in a manner calcined, so that all ye ornaments, columns, freezes, capitals and projectures of massie Portland stone flew off, even to ye very roofe, where a sheet of lead covering a great space (no less than six akers by measure) was totally mealted; the ruines of the vaulted roofe falling broke into St. Faith’s, which being fill’d with the magazines of bookes belonging to ye stationers, and carried thither for safety, they were all consumed, burning for a weeke following” (Diary, September 7th). ↩

  2970. Boulogne. ↩

  2971. St. Helen’s, or Watch-house Point, is in the parish of St. Helen’s, Isle of Wight, near Brading Harbour. St. Helen’s road lies off the coast. It is a roadstead with anchorage in from three to five fathoms, but dangerous on account of the shoals and rocks. ↩

  2972. The Duke of Albemarle had been sent for, and this desire of the king and his Council to have him in London shows the unique position which he held in the popular esteem. Lord Arlington, writing to Sir Thomas Clifford on September 4th, says:

    “The king, with the unanimous concurrence of the Council, wishes the Lord General were there, and Sec. Morice is sounding him to know whether he would be willing to be ordered home. Is confident, could he see the condition they are in, he would think it more honour to be called home than to stay in the fleet, where he may not have an opportunity of fighting; he would have it in his hands to give the king his kingdom a second time, and the world would see the value the king sets on him. Wishes this to be urged upon him, only with the reserve that his Majesty leaves him to make the choice himself.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 99

    ↩

  2973. The proclamation (dated September 6th) ordered “Gresham College, Bishopsgate Street, to be used instead of the Royal Exchange, which is burnt” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 104). At the meeting of the Royal Society on September 12th, “It was resolved that the society should meet the next time in Dr. Pope’s lodgings in Gresham College; and by reason that the former place of meeting for the society, and other rooms also convenient for the same, were taken up for the use of the Lord Mayor of London and the City, it was ordered that⁠ ⁠… a committee consider of another place for the future meetings” (Birch’s Hist. of the Royal Society, vol. ii, p. 113). ↩

  2974. On September 5th proclamation was made “ordering that for supply of the distressed people left destitute by the late dreadful and dismal fire⁠ ⁠… great proportions of bread be brought daily, not only to the former markets, but to those lately ordained; that all churches, chapels, schools, and public buildings are to be open to receive the goods of those who know not how to dispose of them.” On September 6th, proclamation ordered “that as the markets are burned down, markets be held in Bishopsgate Street, Tower Hill, Smithfield, and Leadenhall Street” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, pp. 100, 104). ↩

  2975. Nathaniel Hardy, installed Dean of Rochester December 10th, 1660. He died at Croydon, June 1st, 1670. ↩

  2976. Richard Gibson, victualling agent in the navy, etc. ↩

  2977. Sir G. Carteret. ↩

  2978. Captain Napthali Ball was made commander of the Bramble fireship in 1665, and removed to the Success at the end of the same year. ↩

  2979. Eldest son of Hugh Clifford, Esq., of Ugbrooke, M.P. for Totnes, 1661, and knighted for his conduct in the sea-fight, 1665. After filling several high offices, he was, in 1672, created Baron Clifford of Chudleigh, and constituted High Treasurer, which place he resigned the following year, a few months before his death. —⁠B. ↩

  2980. He had been Clerk of the Spicery to Charles I, and after the Restoration was Clerk to the Board of Green Cloth. Evelyn mentions his marriage (Diary, November 17th, 1651), “I went to congratulate ye marriage of Mrs. Gardner, maid of honor lately married to that odd person Sir Hen. Wood, but riches do many things.” ↩

  2981. Dr. Stephen Goffe, Clerk of the Queen’s Closet, and her assistant confessor. He had been chaplain to Colonel Goring, but became, in 1641, a Roman Catholic. —⁠B. ↩

  2982. “They swallow their own contradictions as easily as a hector can drink a frog in a glass of wine.”

    Bentivoglio and Urania, book v, p. 92, 3rd edit

    —⁠B. ↩

  2983. Apparently Wagenaer’s Speculum Nauticum, published at Leyden in 1585, and translated into English by Anthony Ashley about the year 1588. —⁠B. ↩

  2984. Admiral Michael Adrian de Ruyter did not die until April 11th, 1676. ↩

  2985. The king made a speech in which he alluded to the Great Fire, and pointed out the immense expense of the war, asking for fresh supplies. ↩

  2986. St. John’s, Clerkenwell, which is not far from Holborn Conduit, where Anthony Joyce kept the Three Stags. St. John’s is written S. Jones in Norden’s map of London. ↩

  2987. M.P. for the borough of Huntingdon. Elected April 12th, 1661. ↩

  2988. John Dugdale, born June 16th, 1628, chief gentleman of the chamber to Lord Chancellor Clarendon; Windsor Herald, 1684; Norroy King, 1686, when he was knighted. He died at Coventry, August 31st, 1700. ↩

  2989. Samuel Cromleholme, or Crumlum, headmaster of St. Paul’s School (see note 159). ↩

  2990. William Dugdale, born September 12th, 1605. He early devoted himself to antiquarian and topographical pursuits, and was appointed Pursuivant Extraordinary, with the title of Blanch Lyon, in 1638. In the following year he became Rouge Croix Pursuivant, and in 1644 Chester Herald. At the Restoration he was appointed Norroy King-at-Arms, and Garter in 1677, when he was knighted. He died February 10th, 1686. His Origines Juridiciales, or Historical Memorials of the English Laws, Courts of Justice, etc., was published in 1666, but with the exception of a few presentation copies the whole impression was destroyed in the Fire. A second edition was published in 1671, and a third in 1680. ↩

  2991. This word was apparently of Evelyn’s own making. ↩

  2992. Thomas Thynne, born 1640, Envoy Extraordinary to Sweden. He was the eldest son of Sir Thomas Thynne, Bart., of Kempsford, by Mary, daughter of Thomas, first Lord Coventry, and on the murder of his cousin, Thomas Thynne, of Longleate, succeeded to all his possessions. He succeeded his father as second baronet in 1680, and in 1682 was created Baron Thynne of Warminster and Viscount Weymouth. He died July 18th, 1714. —⁠B. ↩

  2993. The Court of Wards and Liveries was held at the end of Westminster Hall, opposite St. Stephen’s Chapel. The court was abolished 12 Car. II (see note 205). ↩

  2994. William Garway, elected M.P. for Chichester, March 26th, 1661, and in 1674 he was appointed by the House to confer with Lord Shaftesbury respecting the charge against Pepys being popishly affected. See note to the Life, vol. i, p. xxxii, and for his character, October 6th, 1666. ↩

  2995. In the Journals of the House of Commons. —⁠B. ↩

  2996. Bishop Walton’s great work, published in 1657, entitled, Biblia Sacra Polyglotta, in six large folio volumes. Nine languages are used in it, though no one book of the Bible is printed in so many. It was printed by subscription, under the patronage of Oliver Cromwell; but the Protector dying before it was finished, the bishop cancelled two leaves of the preface commendatory of his patron, and others were printed complimentary to Charles II. Hence the distinction of republican and loyal copies. The former are the most valued. —⁠B. ↩

  2997. As Sir John Minnes performed the duties inefficiently, it was considered necessary to take the office from him. See January 21st. ↩

  2998. Sir William Coventry’s letter of instructions to Sir William Penn, directing him to visit the fleet at the Nore, dated October 2nd, is printed in Penn’s Memorials of Sir W. Penn, vol. ii, p. 422. ↩

  2999. For note on Colonel Middleton, see note 2328. ↩

  3000. The Canary Company of Merchants was incorporated by charter, bearing date March 17th, 1664, to trade with the seven islands formerly called the Fortunate Islands, and afterwards the Canary Islands. The House of Commons considered the company’s patent to be illegal and a monopoly; and in December, 1666, the Houses of Lords and Commons held a conference on the subject. In the end the Commons obtained their will, and an address of both houses was presented to the king thanking his Majesty “for causing the Canary Patent to be surrendered and vacated” (Journals of the House of Lords, vol. xii, p. 119). The trade was in consequence freed from all control. ↩

  3001. There are several references to this new fashion of dress introduced by the king, Pepys saw the Duke of York put on the vest on the 13th, and he says Charles II himself put it on on the 15th. On November 4th Pepys dressed himself in the new vest and coat. See notes, October 15th and November 22nd. ↩

  3002. Captain Du Buat, a Frenchman in the Dutch service, plotted with two magistrates of Rotterdam to obtain a peace with England as the readiest means of pressing the elevation of the Prince of Orange to the office of Captain-General. He was brought before the Supreme Court of Holland, condemned, and executed. He had been one of the household of the Prince of Orange who were dismissed by De Witt. ↩

  3003. “Proclamation (Whitehall, Sept. 13, 1666) ordering Oct. 10 to be observed as a day of humiliation and fasting on account of the late fire, whereby the greatest part of London within the walls, part of the suburbs, 80 parishes, with churches, chapels, hospitals, etc., are become one ruinous heap; also ordering the distressed state of the people to be earnestly recommended to general charity in collections to be distributed by the Lord Mayor of London as he sees fit.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 122

    ↩

  3004. St. Margaret’s. Dr. Sancroft, Dean of St. Paul’s, preached before his Majesty at the Cathedral; Seth Ward, Bishop of Exeter, before the House of Lords, in Westminster Abbey; and Dr. Stillingfleet and Dr. Frampton before the House of Commons at St. Margaret’s, Westminster. —⁠The London Gazette, No. 94. —⁠B. ↩

  3005. Robert Frampton, a native of Pimpern, in Dorsetshire, educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and afterwards a student of Christ Church, and chaplain to a man-of-war. In 1673 he became Dean of Gloucester, and in 1681 bishop of that see; but refusing to take the oaths of allegiance to William and Mary, he was deprived, Feb. 1, 1690⁠–⁠1, and retired into private life. He died at Standish, near Gloucester, on May 25th, 1708, aged eighty-six years. ↩

  3006. See Life, vol. i, p. xxi, where the register of St. Margaret’s parish, Westminster, is quoted to the effect that Pepys was married December 1st, 1655. It seems incomprehensible that both husband and wife should have been wrong as to the date of their wedding day, but Mrs. Pepys was unquestionably wrong as to the number of years, for they had been married nearly eleven. ↩

  3007. The parliament voted this day a supply of £1,800,000 sterling. ↩

  3008. The timidity of the pigeon has caused the addition of a series of words to the English language, as, pigeon, a gull; to pigeon; pigeon-hearted, and pigeon-livered, the latter expression used in Hamlet. ↩

  3009. See December 13th, 1665. ↩

  3010. The African House of the Royal African or Guinea Company of Merchants was situated in Leadenhall Street. ↩

  3011. See note 2761. ↩

  3012. Prince Rupert. ↩

  3013. Evelyn describes the new fashion as “a comely dress after ye Persian mode” (see Diary, October 18th, 1666). He adds that he had described the “comeliness and usefulness” of the Persian clothing in his pamphlet entitled Tyrannus, or the Mode. “I do not impute to this discourse the change which soone happen’d, but it was an identity I could not but take notice of.”

    Rugge, in his Diurnal, thus describes the new Court costume “1666, Oct. 11. In this month His Majestie and whole Court changed the fashion of their clothes⁠—viz. a close coat of cloth, pinkt with a white taffety under the cuts. This in length reached the calf of the leg, and upon that a sercoat cut at the breast, which hung loose and shorter than the vest six inches. The breeches the Spanish cut, and buskins some of cloth, some of leather, but of the same colour as the vest or garment; of never the like fashion since William the Conqueror.” It is represented in a portrait of Lord Arlington, by Sir P. Lely, formerly belonging to Lord de Clifford, and engraved in Lodge’s Portraits. Louis XIV ordered his servants to wear the dress. See November 22. ↩

  3014. Paul Rycaut (B.A. Camb., 1650; was appointed secretary to the Earl of Winchelsea when that nobleman went to Constantinople in 1661 as Ambassador Extraordinary to the Sultan Muhammad Han. He was afterwards consul at Smyrna, secretary to Henry Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, 1685⁠–⁠87, when he was knighted, and Resident at Hamburg. He died December 16th, 1700. The book referred to appears to be The Present State of the Ottoman Empire (see March 20th and April 8th, 1667). ↩

  3015. See note 819, November 28th, 1660. ↩

  3016. Apparently the parish of St. Helen’s, Bishopsgate, which escaped the Fire. ↩

  3017. Lady Diana Fane, daughter of Mildmay Fane, second Earl of Westmoreland, widow of Edward Pelham, Esq., of Brocklesby, in Lincolnshire, remarried John Bills, Esq., of Caen Wood, Highgate. Her only child, Diana, by her second husband, died the widow of Captain Francis D’Arcy Savage, May 23rd, 1726, and is buried at Barnes. Lady Diana Bills was at this time in her thirty-sixth year. —⁠B. ↩

  3018. The King of Denmark was induced to conclude a treaty with the United Provinces, a secret article of which bound him to declare war against England. The order in council for the printing and publishing a declaration of war against Denmark is dated “Whitehall, Sept. 19, 1666;” annexed is “A True Declaration of all transactions between his Majesty of Great Britain and the King of Denmark, with a declaration of war against the said king, and the motives that obliged his Majesty thereunto” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 140). ↩

  3019. The contractor Swan referred to above. ↩

  3020. Francis Digby, second son of George, second Earl of Bristol. He was appointed lieutenant of the Royal Charles in 1666, and promoted to the command of the Jersey in the same year. He was killed in the sea-fight at Solebay, and Charnock (Biographia Navalis, vol. i, pp. 222, 223) speaks highly of his intrepidity. ↩

  3021. This word (now used only in the curtailed form of tar) was once common.

    “The Archbishop of Bourdeaux is at present general of the French Naval Forces, who though a priest is yet permitted to turn tarpaulin and soldier.”

    The Turkish Spy, Letter I (1691)

    ↩

  3022. Evidently the concluding passage of Mother Shipton’s Prophecies, viz., “A ship come sailing up the Thames to London, and the master of the ship shall weepe, and the mariners shall aske him why he weepeth, being he hath made so good a voyage, and he shall say, ‘Ah, what a goodlie citie this was! none in the world comparable to it; and now there is scarcely left any house that can let us have drinke for our money.’ ” Quoted from the edition of 1641, which Prince Rupert might have seen. —⁠B. ↩

  3023. “John Hubbard commanded the Return, the Helversome and Lyon in succession during the year 1665; in 1666 he was made captain of the Royal Charles, the ship on board which the joint commanders in chief, Prince Rupert and the Duke of Albemarle, hoisted the standard. The very conspicuous share borne by this ship in the victory obtained over the Dutch may naturally be inferred from the known active intrepidity of those two great men. And while their extensive minds were engaged in arranging and manoeuving the fleet under their command, surely no small degree of merit ought to be attributed to the captain of the ship in which they fought, who by his conduct and gallantry enabled them to transfer their attention from an individual object to the weightier part of their charge.”

    Charnock’s Biographia Navalis, vol. i, p. 168

    ↩

  3024. For note on declaration of war with Denmark, see note 3018. ↩

  3025. The Archbishop defended by Stillingfleet was Laud, and the work referred to is entitled, A Rational Account of the Grounds of the Protestant Religion⁠ ⁠… being a Vindication of the Archbishop’s Relation of a Conterence from the pretended Answer of T. C[arwell]. London, 1665. ↩

  3026. Son of Thomas Killigrew by his first wife, Cecilia, daughter of Sir John Crofts, and maid of honour to Henrietta Maria. Born April 9th, 1637, and baptized in St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields, April 16th. He is called “young,” to distinguish him from his uncle of the same name, who was Master of the Savoy. He was Groom of the Bedchamber to the Duke of York (1656), then to the king (1662), again to the duke (1666), and again to the king (1669). He was living in 1694, when he held his father’s place of Master of the Revels. ↩

  3027. Williamson stood for Morpeth, but was unsuccessful; Edward, Lord Morpeth, was elected on September 27th, 1666. ↩

  3028. Robert Austin of Tenterden was elected M.P. for Winchelsea, October 4th, 1666. ↩

  3029. In the instructions given to Sir Thomas Clifford (August 5th, 1666) to be communicated to Prince Rupert and the Duke of Albemarle, we read: “to tell them that the complaint of Sir Jeremy Smith’s misbehaviour in the late engagement being so universal, unless he have fully satisfied the generals he should be brought to trial by court-martial, and there purged or condemned.” The Duke of Albemarle answered the king (August 14th?): “Wishes to clear a gallant man falsely accused, Sir Jeremiah Smith, who had more men killed and hurt, and his ship received more shot than any in the fleet. There is not a more spirited man serves in the fleet” On October 27th H. Muddiman wrote to Sir Edward Stradling: “Sir Jeremy Smith has got as much credit by his late examination as his enemies wished him disgrace, the King and Duke of York being fully satisfied of his valour in the engagement. It appears that he had 147 men killed and wounded, while the most eminent of his accusers had but two or three.” With regard to Sir Jeremy’s counter-charges, we read: “Nov. 3. The King having maturely considered the charges brought against Sir Rob. Holmes by Sir Jeremy Smith, finds no cause to suspect Sir Robert of cowardice in the fight with the Dutch of June 25 and 26, but thinks that on the night of the 26th he yielded too easily to the opinion of his pilot, without consulting those of the other ships, muzzled his ship, and thus obliged the squadron to do the same, and so the enemy, which might have been driven into the body of the king’s fleet, then returning from the pursuit, was allowed to escape” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, pp. 14, 40, 222, 236). ↩

  3030. See August 6th, 1666. ↩

  3031. Thomas, Earl of Ossory, sat in the House of Lords as Baron Butler, but his creation in 1665 is not mentioned in Courthope’s Historic Peerage or in Solly’s Titles of Honour. In these books his creation in 1679 as Baron Butler of More Park, co. Hertford, only is mentioned. He died in 1680, and was succeeded by his son James, who himself succeeded his grandfather as second Duke of Ormonde in 1688. ↩

  3032. The proceedings on the 27th are not clearly stated. According to Clarendon, this bill was urgently pressed forward in the House of Lords by the Duke of Buckingham. The debate became most disorderly, especially on the part of its promoters. On the duke making the remark above quoted, Lord Ossory, not trusting himself with a reply in the house, challenged Buckingham privately. This the duke endeavoured to avoid, and was found in a place not fixed for the meeting. On the following morning he informed the house of the affair. Clarendon regards the whole as a “gross shift” on the part of the duke. Both parties were sent to the Tower. The bill was subsequently passed. See Lord Arlington’s account of the quarrel in Brown’s Miscellanea Aulica, p. 423, etc. —⁠B. ↩

  3033. Jessemin (Jasminum), the flowers of which are of a delicate sweet smell, and often used to perfume gloves. Edmund Howes, Stows continuator, informs us that sweet or perfumed gloves were first brought into England by the Earl of Oxford on his return from Italy, in the fifteenth year of Queen Elizabeth, during whose reign, and long afterwards, they were very fashionable. They are frequently mentioned by Shakespeare. Autolycus, in the Winter’s Tale, has among his wares⁠—“Gloves as sweet as damask roses.” —⁠B. ↩

  3034. On October 24th Sir William Penn wrote to the Navy Commissioners from Sheerness, with “particulars of the accident befallen the Diamond, Greenwich, and Foresight”⁠—“they are now afloat and their damages repaired” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 216). ↩

  3035. Sir William Bolton, Merchant Tailor; Sheriff, 1660. ↩

  3036. The “Warrant appointing Henry Glover keeper of the Royal Theatre at Whitehall, with the scenes, engines, etc., fee £30 a year from the money allowed for plays, etc.,” is dated November 21st, 1666 (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 278). ↩

  3037. The Comical Revenge, or Love in a Tub, a comedy by Sir George Etherege, licensed for printing in 1664, and published in 1669. ↩

  3038. See note 1374. ↩

  3039. October 31st, 1666. “Humble petition of George, Duke of Bucks, showing, ‘That the displeasure of this Honourable House has been a greater trouble to him than anything could have befallen him in this business which has been the occasion of it.’ Likewise the petition of Thomas, Lord Butler, was read, showing, ‘That he being heartily sorry for the occasion he hath given their Lordships to be displeased at him, in the late quarrel he had with the Duke of Buckingham⁠ ⁠… humbly beseecheth their Lordships to restore him to his Liberty and their favour.’ Hereupon it is ordered, That the Duke of Bucks and the Lord Butler be released and discharged from their present and respective restraints.”

    Journals of the House of Lords, vol. xii, p. 22

    ↩

  3040. “M. de la Roche has been taken in the Ruby, a ship of 54 guns and 500 men, which was separated from Beaufort, and fell into the midst of the White Squadron, the colour of the flag deceiving him that it was French.”

    Letter from Jo. Hayes to Williamson, dated September 19th, Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 139

    ↩

  3041. Massinger’s Bondman, acted before the court in 1623, and published in the following year. Webster’s Duchess of Malfy was first published in 1623. ↩

  3042. The Serjeant trumpeter was Gervase Price. The year’s salary (which was not very regularly paid) for the serjeant trumpeter, sixteen trumpeters, and kettle-drummer, was £1,120 (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 446). ↩

  3043. See notes on the new costume introduced by the king, note 3001, note 3013 and note 3081. ↩

  3044. An Interpretation of the Number 666, Oxford, 1642, 4to. The work was afterwards translated into French, Dutch, and Latin. It was written by Francis Potter, an English divine, born in Wiltshire, 1594, who died about 1678, at Kilmington, in Somersetshire, of which he was rector (Wood’s Athenæ). See February 18th, 1665⁠–⁠66 (vol. v, p. 226). —⁠B. ↩

  3045. See August 10th, 1663. ↩

  3046. John, Lord Crew (see note 62); Sir Thomas Crew, his eldest son, second Lord Crew, 1679 (see note 165); John Crew, younger son of first Lord Crew; Nathaniel Crew, fifth son of the first Lord Crew, Bishop of Durham, 1674, succeeded as third Lord Crew in 1697 (see note 1415). ↩

  3047. See note 3128. ↩

  3048. See December 1st, 1666, on which day Pepys bought three copies of the engraving. ↩

  3049. Mrs. Stokes, of Paternoster Row (see January 10th, 1665⁠–⁠66), wife of Humphry Stokes. ↩

  3050. Margaret, daughter and heir of Sir Matthew Mennes, K.B., and wife of Sir John Prettyman, Bart., M.P. for Leicester. —⁠B. ↩

  3051. There was an actress of this name. She played Clevly, at the King’s House, in the Hon. Edward Howard’s Man of Newmarket, 1678. —⁠B. ↩

  3052. “Nov. 9th. Between seven and eight at night, there happened a fire in the Horse Guard House, in the Tilt Yard, over against Whitehall, which at first arising, it is supposed, from some snuff of a candle falling amongst the straw, broke out with so sudden a flame, that at once it seized the northwest part of that building; but being so close under His Majesty’s own eye, it was, by the timely help His Majesty and His Royal Highness caused to be applied, immediately stopped, and by ten o’clock wholly mastered, with the loss only of that part of the building it had at first seized.”

    The London Gazette, No. 103

    —⁠B. ↩

  3053. A beverage consisting of ale mixed with sugar, nutmeg, and the pulp of roasted apples. “A cup of lamb’s-wool they dranke unto him then.” The King and the Miller of Mansfield (Percy’s Reliques, Series III, book ii, No. 20). ↩

  3054. The wife of John Temple, Sir Robert Viner’s chief clerk. ↩

  3055. See December 13th, 1666. ↩

  3056. The Rev. John Meriton (1636⁠–⁠1704), rector of St. Michael’s, Cornhill, from 1663 till his death, who is referred to on July 9th, 1665, was appointed Sunday lecturer of St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields shortly before the Restoration. Miss Porter, the writer of the life of Meriton in the Dictionary of National Biography, considers him to be the same person as he who Pepys styles “an old dunce;” but the statement in the text that the latter was brother to the known Meriton seems to throw a doubt on this statement. ↩

  3057. See January 7th and 8th, 1666⁠–⁠67. ↩

  3058. The old Chapter House of St. Paul’s was also styled the Convocation House. See Sparrow Simpson’s Chapters in the History of Old St. Paul’s, 1881, p. 274. ↩

  3059. William Smith, originally a barrister-at-law of the Society of Gray’s Inn. He was a good actor, and highly esteemed by his fellows. He died 1696. ↩

  3060. St. Helen’s. ↩

  3061. William Croune, or Croone, of Emanuel College, Cambridge, chosen Rhetoric Professor at Gresham College, 1659, F.R.S. and M.D. Died October 12th, 1684, and was interred at St. Mildred’s in the Poultry. He was a prominent Fellow of the Royal Society and first Registrar. In accordance with his wishes his widow (who married Sir Edwin Sadleir, Bart.) left by will one-fifth of the clear rent of the King’s Head tavern in or near Old Fish Street, at the corner of Lambeth Hill, to the Royal Society for the support of a lecture and illustrative experiments for the advancement of natural knowledge on local motion. The Croonian lecture is still delivered before the Royal Society. ↩

  3062. At the meeting on November 14th, “the experiment of transfusing the blood of one dog into another was made before the Society by Mr. King and Mr. Thomas Coxe upon a little mastiff and a spaniel with very good success, the former bleeding to death, and the latter receiving the blood of the other, and emitting so much of his own, as to make him capable of receiving that of the other.” On November 21st the spaniel “was produced and found very well” (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, pp. 123, 125). The experiment of transfusion of blood, which occupied much of the attention of the Royal Society in its early days, was revived within the last few years. ↩

  3063. For notes on the dances the brawls and coranto, see note 1652 and note 1653. ↩

  3064. James, second Marquis of Douglas, nephew to the Duke of Hamilton. ↩

  3065. Colonel Russell, brother of William, fifth Earl of Bedford (created Duke of Bedford in 1694), and uncle of the celebrated Lord William Russell. ↩

  3066. John Wilmot, second Earl of Rochester, born April 10th, 1648, succeeded his father in 1659. He was at this time a Gentleman of the Bedchamber to the king. He died July 26th, 1680. ↩

  3067. Only daughter of James Howard, third Earl of Suftblk, by his first wife, Susannah, daughter of Henry Rich, Earl of Holland; afterwards married, March 4th, 1666⁠–⁠67, at St. Margaret’s, Westminster, to Edward Griffin, Lord Griffin of Braybrooke. There is a very fine portrait of her at Audley End, by Lely. —⁠B. ↩

  3068. Anne, daughter and co-heir of Thomas Temple, of Frankton, in Warwickshire, by Rebecca, daughter of Sir Nicholas Carew, of Beddington, in Surrey, became the second wife of Sir Charles Lyttelton, who had been Governor of Jamaica, and lived to be eighty-seven. His widow survived him four years, dying in 1718, and had issue by him eight daughters and five sons. From this alliance the Lords Lyttelton descend. —⁠B. ↩

  3069. “The Lord George Flemming, the Lord Peter Julius Coyet, ambassadors-extraordinary from the crown of Sweden, made their public entry through the City of London, on the 27th June, 1666.”

    Pointer’s Chronological History of England, vol. i, p. 213

    The lady was the wife of one of these. —⁠B. ↩

  3070. See July 12th. ↩

  3071. George, Lord Berkeley, had six daughters. The one mentioned here was probably the eldest, Lady Elizabeth. —⁠B. ↩

  3072. William Chiffinch, pimp to Charles II and receiver of the secret pensions paid by the French Court. He succeeded his brother, Thomas Chiffinch (who died in April, 1666), as Keeper of the King’s Private Closet (see note, vol. v, p. 265). He is introduced by Scott into his Peveril of the Peak. ↩

  3073. Belonging to the Earl of Berkshire; afterwards purchased by Charles II, and presented to the Duchess of Cleveland, whose name is preserved in “Cleveland Row.” It was then of great extent, and stood on or near the site of Bridgewater House. —⁠B. ↩

  3074. Pepys’s “old and most ingenious acquaintance,” Mr. Chetwind, died at the end of 1662 (see December 5th). ↩

  3075. According to the Bills of Mortality seven persons died in London of the plague during the week November 20th to 27th; and for some weeks after deaths continued from this cause. ↩

  3076. William Fielding, writing to Sir Phil. Musgrave from Carlisle on November 15th, says: “Major Baxter, who has arrived from Dumfries, reports that this morning a great number of horse and foot came into that town, with drawn swords and pistols, gallopped up to Sir Jas. Turner’s lodgings, seized him in his bed, carried him without clothes to the marketplace, threatened to cut him to pieces, and seized and put into the Tollbooth all the foot soldiers that were with him; they also secured the minister of Dumfries. Many of the party were lairds and county people from Galloway⁠—200 horse well mounted, one minister was with them who had swords and pistols, and 200 or 300 foot, some with clubs, others with scythes.” On November 17th Rob. Meine wrote to Williamson: “On the 15th 120 fanatics from the Glenkins, Deray; and neighbouring parishes in Dumfriesshire, none worth £10 except two mad fellows, the lairds of Barscob and Corsuck, came to Dumfries early in the morning, seized Sir Jas. Turner, commander of a company of men in Dumfriesshire, and carried him, without violence to others, to a strong house in Maxwell town, Galloway, declaring they sought only revenge against the tyrant who had been severe with them for not keeping to church, and had laid their families waste” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, pp. 262, 268). ↩

  3077. “A Map or Ground Plott of the Citty of London, with the Suburbes thereof, so far as the Lord Mayor’s jurisdiction doeth extend; by which is exactly demonstrated the present condition since the last sad accident by fire; the blanke space signifying the burnt part, and where the houses be, those places yet standing. —⁠W. Hollar, f. 1666. Cum Privilegio Regis.” —⁠B. ↩

  3078. Hollar engraved, in 1675, A new Map the Citties of London, Westminster, and ye Borough of Southwarke, with their Suburbs; showing the streets, lanes, alleys, courts, etc., with other remarks, as they are now truely and carefully delineated; and the prospect of London, as it was flourishing before the destruction by fire. Sold by Robert Greene at ye Rose and Crown in Budg Row and Robert Morden at ye Atlas in Cornhill. A large sheet, 23¼ in. by 17½ in. In the Pepysian Library is a “Prospect of London and Westminster, taken at several stations to the southward thereof, by Robert Morden and Phil. Lea,” in eight sheets, 1677. This map was the result of a survey by William Morgan. ↩

  3079. Gombout’s Plan of Paris, on a very large scale, was engraved in 1642. It is of great rarity. A copy, which was in the possession of the Baron Walckenaer, was purchased for a royal personage, at his sale at Paris, in April, 1853, Lot 3028, for more than 1,000 francs. —⁠B. ↩

  3080. It is possible that some tradition of this proceeding of Louis XIV may have given to Steele the hint for his story of the rival ladies, Brunetta and Phillis, in the Spectator, No. 80; a subject which has been well treated by Stothard: as also in a clever picture by Mr. A. Solomon, exhibited at the Royal Academy in the year 1853. —⁠B. ↩

  3081. Planché throws some doubt on this story in his Cyclopædia of Costume (vol. ii, p. 240), and asks the question, “Was Mr. Batelier hoaxing the inquisitive secretary, or was it the idle gossip of the day, as untrustworthy as such gossip is in general?” But the same statement was made by the author of the Character of a Trimmer, who wrote from actual knowledge of the Court: “About this time a general humour, in opposition to France, had made us throw off their fashion, and put on vests, that we might look more like a distinct people, and not be under the servility of imitation, which ever pays a greater deference to the original than is consistent with the equality all independent nations should pretend to. France did not like this small beginning of ill humours, at least of emulation; and wisely considering, that it is a natural introduction, first to make the world their apes, that they may be afterwards their slaves. It was thought, that one of the instructions Madame [Henrietta, Duchess of Orleans] brought along with her, was to laugh us out of these vests; which she performed so effectually, that in a moment, like so many footmen who had quitted their master’s livery, we all took it again, and returned to our old service; so that the very time of doing it gave a very critical advantage to France, since it looked like an evidence of our returning to her interest, as well as to their fashion.” The Character of a Trimmer (Miscellanies by the Marquis of Halifax, 1704, p. 164). Evelyn reports that when the king expressed his intention never to alter this fashion, “divers courtiers and gentlemen gave his Majesty gold by way of wager that he would not persist in this resolution” (Diary, October 18th, 1666). ↩

  3082. Sir Richard Fanshawe. See note 573. ↩

  3083. Captain of the Lyon. He was a distinguished sea-officer, and brother of Sir Robert Jennings, of Ripon. He attended James II after his abdication, and served as a captain in the French navy (see Charnock’s Biographia Navalis, vol. i, p. 106). ↩

  3084. Richard Le Neve, lieutenant of the Lyon. He was made captain of the Phoenix in 1671, of the Plymouth in 1672, and of the Edgar in 1673. He was killed in the engagement with the Dutch on August 11th, 1673, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, where there is a monument to his memory. He was only twenty-seven years of age at the date of his death. ↩

  3085. John Hilton’s Catch That Catch Can, or a Choice Collection of Catches, Rounds and Canons for 3 or 4 Voices, was first published by Playford in 1651 or 1652. The book was republished “with large additions by John Playford” in 1658. The edition referred to in the text was published in 1667 with a second title of “The Musical Companion.” The book was republished in 1672⁠–⁠73. ↩

  3086. Sir Thomas Spert, Comptroller of the Navy in the reign of Henry VIII, and founder of the Trinity House, was buried in the parish church of Stepney. ↩

  3087. See note 3076 respecting the commencement of the troubles at Dumfries. On November 22nd Ro. Meine wrote from Edinburgh to Wilhamson:

    “A proclamation is issued ordering all to submit within twenty-four hours, on promise of pardon, or then to be declared rebels, with all their abettors. An oath is to be tendered to all the county pledging them to aid in quelling this or any other insurrection; 800 are said to be near Glasgow, but they call every 20, 120.⁠ ⁠… They profess to fight for King and Covenant; their leader is James Wallace of Athens, whom they call the good man. Most of their captains are deposed ministers.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 280

    ↩

  3088. The Rev. Joseph Glanvill (1636⁠–⁠1680) was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society on the 14th December, 1664. He published in 1666 Philosophical Considerations Touching Witches and Witchcraft, and most part of the impression was destroyed in the Great Fire. The book was reissued in 1667, and a fourth edition appeared in 1668 under the title of A Blow at Modern Sadducism. It was reprinted in 1681 as Sadducismus Triumphatus. One of the appendixes is an “Account of the famed disturbance by the drummer at the house of Mr. Mompesson.” ↩

  3089. This is the first line of “The Fairy Queen,” a song first printed in a book entitled A Description of the King and Queen of the Fayries, 1635. It is included in Percy’s Reliques, Series III, book ii, No. 25, and with the air is printed in the Musical Miscellany, London, 1729, vol. ii, p. 22. ↩

  3090. Apparently a translation of the French contre le gré, and presumably an expression in common use. “Against the grain” is generally supposed to have its origin in the use of a plane against the grain of the wood. ↩

  3091. Hugh May. ↩

  3092. The first brick laid after the fire was in Fleet Street, at the house of a plumber, to cast his lead in, only one room (Rugge’s Diurnal). —⁠B. ↩

  3093. Elizabeth, daughter of John Malet of Enmore, co. Somerset, and her lovers. She died July, 1681, a year after her husband, Lord Rochester. ↩

  3094. William, Lord Herbert, succeeded his father as sixth Earl of Pembroke, 1669. Died, unmarried, 1674. —⁠B. ↩

  3095. They had quarrelled (see August 26th). She, perhaps, was piqued at Lord Hinchingbroke’s refusal “to compass the thing without consent of friends” (see February 25th), whence her expression, “indifferent” to have her. It is worthy of remark that their children intermarried; Lord Hinchingbroke’s son married Lady Rochester’s daughter. —⁠B. ↩

  3096. Seventh son of the Duke of Ormond, created in 1676 Baron of Aghrim, Viscount of Clonmore, and Earl of Gowran. Died 1677, s. p. (see February 4th, post). —⁠B. ↩

  3097. Of the lady thus sought after, whom Pepys calls “a beauty” as well as a fortune, and who shortly afterwards, about the 4th February, 1667, became the wife of the Earl of Rochester, then not twenty years old, no authentic portrait is known to exist. When Mr. Miller, of Albemarle Street, in 1811, proposed to publish an edition of the Mémoires de Grammont, he sent an artist to Windsor to copy there the portraits which he could find of those who figure in that work. In the list given to him for this purpose was the name of Lady Rochester. Not finding amongst the “Beauties,” or elsewhere, any genuine portrait of her, but seeing that by Hamilton she is absurdly styled une triste héritière, the artist made a drawing from some unknown portrait at Windsor of a lady of a sorrowful countenance, and palmed it off upon the bookseller. In the edition of Grammont it is not actually called Lady Rochester, but La Triste Héritière. A similar falsification had been practised in Edwards’s edition of 1793, but a different portrait had been copied. It is needless, almost, to remark how ill applied is Hamilton’s epithet. —⁠B. ↩

  3098. Probably Sir Francis Popham, K.B. —⁠B. ↩

  3099. John Mordaunt, younger son to the first, and brother to the second Earl of Peterborough, having incurred considerable personal risk in endeavouring to promote the king’s restoration, was, in 1659, created Baron Mordaunt of Reigate, and Viscount Mordaunt of Avalon. He was brought to trial and acquitted but by one voice just before Cromwell’s death (Quarterly Review, vol. xix, p. 31). He was soon afterwards made K.B., Lord-Lieutenant of Surrey, and Constable of Windsor Castle; which offices he held till his death in 1675. In January, 1666⁠–⁠67, Lord Mordaunt was impeached by the House of Commons for forcibly ejecting William Tayleur and his family from the apartments which they occupied in Windsor Castle, where Tayleur held some appointment, and imprisoning him, for having presumed to offer himself as a candidate for the borough of Windsor. Lord M. was also accused of improper conduct towards Tayleur’s daughter. He, however, denied all these charges in his place in the House of Lords, and put in an answer to the articles of impeachment, for hearing which a day was absolutely fixed; but the parliament being shortly afterwards prorogued, the inquiry seems to have been entirely abandoned, notwithstanding the vehemence with which the House of Commons had taken the matter up. Perhaps the king interfered in Lord Mordaunt’s behalf; because Andrew Marvell, in his Instructions to a Painter, after saying,

    “Now Mordaunt may within his castle tower
    Imprison parents and the child deflower,”

    observes,

    “Each does the other blame, and all distrust,
    But Mordaunt, new obliged, would sure be just.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  3100. Afterwards Sir Robert Sawyer, Attorney-General from 1681 to 1687. Died 1692. He had been admitted a Pensioner at Magdalene College, Cambridge, June, 1648. He was turned out of office by James II on account of his refusal to confirm Obadiah Walker in his headship of University College, Oxford, after he had turned Roman Catholic (see Reresby’s Memoirs). ↩

  3101. Sir William Turner, Lord Mayor, 1668⁠–⁠69, was father of Serjeant John Turner, Mrs. Turner’s husband. ↩

  3102. See note 3062. ↩

  3103. Henry Howard of Norfolk (1628⁠–⁠1684), second son of Henry, Earl of Arundel, was a considerable benefactor to the Royal Society, largely through the influence of John Evelyn. At the meeting of the society on November 27th, “It was ordered that Mr. Oldenburg attend Mr. Henry Howard of Norfolk at Arundel House, and acquaint him with the sense, which the Royal Society had of his great civilities and respects to them, which they intended also to acknowledge publicly when he should honour them with a visit at a meeting of the society.” On the following day, November 28th, “Mr. Henry Howard of Norfolk was elected and admitted, who also received the public thanks of the society for his respects to them” (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, p. 128). He was created Baron Howard of Castle Rising in 1669, and advanced to the earldom of Norwich in 1672. He succeeded his brother Thomas as sixth Duke of Norfolk in 1677. ↩

  3104. Sir Hugh Pollard, Bart., M.P. for Devonshire, died November 27th, 1666. The “order for a warrant to the Duke of Ormond, Lord Steward, or in his absence to Lord Fitzharding and the clerks of the Greencloth, to swear in Sir Thomas Clifford as Comptroller of the Household in the room of Sir H. Pollard,” is dated November 28th (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 298). ↩

  3105. Francis Willoughby, fourth Lord Willoughby of Parham, who was drowned. A letter from D. Grosse to Williamson, dated from Plymouth, November 27th, contains the following information:

    “A Barbados ship reports that Lord Willoughby embarked thence last July with 5,000 men and 11 ships to retake St. Christopher’s, but ten ships were cast away in a violent storm; 400 or 500 men got ashore at Santa Tour, and are detained prisoners by the French.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 292

    ↩

  3106. Of Hartshill, Hants; and of Henley, Somersetshire. He was created a baronet in June, 1660, and died about 1675. —⁠B. ↩

  3107. The fire continued burning in some cellars of the ruins of the city for four months, though it rained in the month of October ten days without ceasing (Rugge’s Diurnal). —⁠B. ↩

  3108. See November 7th. A fine impression of this now very rare print was purchased for the Duke of Buckingham, at Bindley’s sale, in 1819, for £79; and resold at the Stowe sale, in 1849, for £33. —⁠B. ↩

  3109. The Catholic Apology was written by Roger Palmer, Earl of Castlemaine. In 1667 Dr. William Lloyd (afterwards successively Dean of Bangor, Bishop of St. Asaph, Lichfield and Coventry, and Worcester) published an answer, entitled, The Late Apology in Behalf of the Papists Reprinted and Answered in Behalf of the Royalists; a fourth edition of which appeared in 1675. Lord Castlemaine and Robert Pugh, a secular priest, wrote A Reply to the Answer of the Catholic Apology, which was published in 1668. A third edition of the Catholic Apology with a Reply to the Answer was published in 1674. Lord Castlemaine’s pamphlets were seized by order of the House of Commons. ↩

  3110. Lady Bath was Rachel, daughter of Francis, Earl of Westmoreland, widow of Henry Bourchier, Earl of Bath. She afterwards married Lionel Cranfield, third Earl of Middlesex. —⁠B. ↩

  3111. Mrs. Noble, the godmother. ↩

  3112. Cow Lane, West Smithfield (now named King Street), was famous for its coachmakers. ↩

  3113. John Goodgroome, musical composer, was one of the king’s twenty-four fiddlers in 1674 (see list in North’s Memoires of Music, ed. Rimbault, 1846, p. 99, note). He was probably a relation of Theodore Goodgroome, the singing-master referred to at an earlier date (see June 25th, 1661). ↩

  3114. I.e. without his canonicals. —⁠B. ↩

  3115. James, Earl and Duke of Cambridge, second son of the Duke of York, and one of the five boys who all died infants. He was given the title which his elder brother Charles had previously held. At the time when he was created K.G. he was only three years and five months old. He died seven months afterwards (June 20th, 1667). ↩

  3116. Sixth son of Thomas Howard, first Earl of Berkshire, educated at Magdalene College, Cambridge, born January, 1625⁠–⁠26. During the Civil Wars he adhered to Charles I, and suffered with his family. Knighted at the Restoration, and chosen M.P. for Stockbridge, and afterwards for Castle Rising. He was Auditor of the Exchequer, and considered to be a creature of Charles II, who employed him in cajoling the parliament for money. He was ridiculed by Shadwell as Sir Positive At-All in the Sullen Lovers. Four New Plays, by Sir R. Howard, was published in 1665, and Five New Plays in 1692. His Dramatic Works were published in 1722. He died September 3rd, 1698. ↩

  3117. Abraham Cowley, the poet, who died July 28th, 1667, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, August 3rd. ↩

  3118. A comedy by the Hon. James Howard, son of the Earl of Berkshire, printed in 4to, 1674. ↩

  3119. Nell Gwyn played Lady Wealthy, a rich widow. Her first appearance on the stage is supposed to have taken place in 1665 in the character of Cydaria, in Dryden’s Indian Emperor. ↩

  3120. Captain (afterwards Sir John) Chicheley commanded the Antelope, of fifty guns, in the Duke of York’s squadron in the victory of the 3rd of June, 1665 (Charnock’s Biographia Navalis, vol. i, p. 84). ↩

  3121. After the Great Fire the Excise Office for a time found a site in Southampton Fields, at the back of Southampton House (afterwards Bedford House), on the north side of Bloomsbury Square. ↩

  3122. John Turner, here alluded to, was the eldest son and heir of Sir William Turner, Lord Mayor of London in 1669, better known as the munificent founder of Kirkleatham Hospital, in Yorkshire, and whose monument is still to be seen in Kirkleatham Church, and in the hospital a likeness of him in waxwork, with the identical wig and band that he wore. In the east window of the hospital chapel also is a stained glass portrait of him in his mayoralty robes, and one of his eldest son. John Turner was brought up to the bar, and became a serjeant-at-law, and purchased an estate in the district of Cleveland. Besides his daughter Theophila, mentioned so often, he had issue two sons, Charles and William, from the eldest of whom descended the late Sir Charles Turner, of Kirkleatham, the second baronet of the family, and the last heir male of his race. He died in 1810. See an account of the family in The Genealogist and Topographer, part vi. —⁠B. ↩

  3123. Sir George Mordaunt, of Massingham, Norfolk, the fourth baronet of his family, espoused Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of Nicholas Johnson, of London, niece to Sir W. Turner above-mentioned, who is the person here alluded to by Pepys. She remarried Francis Godolphin, of Colston, Wilts (Wotton’s Baronetage). —⁠B. ↩

  3124. Two thousand pounds of this sum went to Alderman Edward Bakewell for two diamond rings, severally charged £1,000 and £900, bought March 14th, 1665⁠–⁠66 (Second addenda to Steinman’s Memoir of the Duchess of Cleveland, privately printed, 1878, p. 4). ↩

  3125. Charles Porter was brother to Thomas Porter, who killed Sir H. Bellasis in a duel in 1667 (see note 1782). ↩

  3126. Probably John Temple, Sir R. Viner’s chief clerk. ↩

  3127. John Fenn, who is frequently referred to in the Diary. ↩

  3128. The Gazette of April 23rd⁠–⁠26th, 1666, which contains the following remarkable passage: “At the Sessions in the Old Bailey, John Rathbone, an old army colonel, William Saunders, Henry Tucker, Thomas Flint, Thomas Evans, John Myles, Will. Westcot, and John Cole, officers or soldiers in the late Rebellion, were indicted for conspiring the death of his Majesty and the overthrow of the Government. Having laid their plot and contrivance for the surprisal of the Tower, the killing his Grace the Lord General, Sir John Robinson, Lieutenant of the Tower, and Sir Richard Brown; and then to have declared for an equal division of lands, etc. The better to effect this hellish design, the City was to have been fired, and the portcullis let down to keep out all assistance; and the Horse Guards to have been surprised in the inns where they were quartered, several ostlers having been gained for that purpose. The Tower was accordingly viewed, and its surprise ordered by boats over the moat, and from thence to scale the wall. One Alexander, not yet taken, had likewise distributed money to these conspirators; and, for the carrying on the design more effectually, they were told of a Council of the great ones that sat frequently in London, from whom issued all orders; which Council received their directions from another in Holland, who sat with the States; and that the third of September was pitched on for the attempt, as being found by Lilly’s Almanac, and a scheme erected for that purpose, to be a lucky day, a planet then ruling which prognosticated the downfall of Monarchy. The evidence against these persons was very full and clear, and they were accordingly found guilty of High Treason.” See November 10th, 1666. —⁠B. ↩

  3129. William Ashburnham, younger brother of John Ashburnham, and first cousin of the Duke of Buckingham. He was an officer of distinction in the king’s army during the Civil War; and, after the Restoration, made Cofferer of the Household to Charles II. Died s.p. 1671. He married the “young, beautiful, and rich widow” of James Ley, Earl of Marlborough, Lord High Treasurer of England, to whom she was third wife. She was daughter of John, Lord Butler, of Bramfield, by Elizabeth Villiers, sister of the first Duke of Buckingham, and therefore nearly related to William Ashburnham. A splendid monument to William Ashburnham, and to the Countess of Marlborough, with whom he lived happily for nearly forty-five years, is in Ashburnham Church. —⁠B. ↩

  3130. The bibliography of the various “Advices” and “Instructions” to a Painter is somewhat extensive, and can only be shortly alluded to here. The poet Waller commenced the series with his Instructions to a Painter for the drawing of the posture and progress of His Maties forces at sea under command of his Highness Royal. Together with the battel and victory obtained over the Dutch, June 3, 1665. London, 1666. In the following year appeared Directions to a Painter for Describing Our Navall Business in Imitation of Waller, The second Advice to a Painter for drawing the History of our Naval Business, an imitation of Mr. Waller, The second and third Advice to a Painter for drawing the History of our Naval Actions, in answer to Mr. Waller. These were attributed to Sir John Denham, but it is doubtful whether he had anything to do with them. In Poems on Affairs of State, vol. i (1703), where the Directions are printed, we find this note in the list of contents, “said to be written by Sir John Denham, but believed to be writ by Mr. Milton.” Andrew Marvell’s Last Instructions to a Painter is dated 1667, and his Further Instructions to a Painter, 1670. The constant issue of “Instructions” and “Advices” attracted special attention, and The Answer of Mr. Waller’s Painter to his many new Advisers was published in 1667. Marvell wrote an Advice to a Painter on the Popish Plot, and a Second Advice to a Painter was written in imitation of Manell. In a broadside (1680), quoted by Mr. G. T. Drury in his edition of Waller’s Poems, 1893, satirical reference is made to the fashionable form of advice to the painters:

    “Each puny brother of the rhyming trade
    At every turn implores the Painter’s aid,
    And fondly enamoured of own foul brat
    Cries in an ecstasy, Paint this, draw that.”

    The series was continued, for we find Advice to a Painter Upon the Defeat of the Rebels in the West and the Execution of the Late Duke of Monmouth (Poems on Affairs of State, vol. ii, p. 148); Advice to a Painter, Being a Satire on the French King, etc., 1692, and Advice to a Painter, 1697 (Poems on Affairs of State, vol. ii, p. 428). ↩

  3131. See March 7th, 1666. ↩

  3132. It was called “A Bill for raising part of the supply for his Majesty by an imposition on Sealed Paper and Parchment” —⁠B. ↩

  3133. Captain Willoughby Hannam or Hanham (see note 2914). ↩

  3134. John Wallis, born November 23rd, 1616, at Ashford, educated at Felsted School, Essex, and Emmanuel College, Cambridge, from which he removed to a fellowship in Queen’s College. In 1648 he was appointed Savilian Professor of Geometry at Oxford, where he took the degree of D.D., 1654. He was one of the most distinguished Fellows of the Royal Society, and his Arithmetic of Infinites is said to contain the germ of future discoveries. He died at Oxford, October 28th, 1703. ↩

  3135. See note 1785. ↩

  3136. Captain Christopher Batters, of the Joseph fire-ship, was drowned in the Thames, and his body found some time afterwards (see Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, pp. 505, 506). ↩

  3137. John Hingston, composer and organist, pupil of Orlando Gibbons. In the service successively of Charles I, Cromwell, and Charles II. Gentleman of the Chapel Royal, and in 1663 keeper of the organs. He is said by Hawkins to have been Blow’s earliest master. He died in 1683, and was buried in St. Margaret’s, Westminster, December 17th. His portrait was in the Music School at Oxford. ↩

  3138. The “Warrant to the Treasurer of the Chamber to pay to Henry Brookwell, musician on the lute, in place of Lewis Evans, deceased, £16 2s. 6d. a year for life for his livery,” is dated December 20th, 1666 (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 362). ↩

  3139. Henry Pierrepoint, second Earl of Kingston, created Marquis of Dorchester, 1645. Died December 1st, 1680. See an account of this quarrel in Lord Clarendon’s Life, vol. iii, p. 153, edit. 1827. —⁠B.

    “The Commons being in the Painted Chamber ready for the Conference appointed concerning the Canary Company, the House was adjourned during Pleasure, and the Lords went to the Conference, which being ended the House was resumed.” The Lord Chamberlain acquainted the House, “That there was an ill accident fell out when the Lords were at the Conference this day in the Painted Chamber, by reason of a quarrel between the Duke of Bucks and the Marquis of Dorchester.”

    Explanations were made by both lords, who were sent to the Tower (Journals of the House of Lords, vol. xii, pp. 52, 53). ↩

  3140. Sir John Robinson. ↩

  3141. Anne, daughter of Sir George Whitmore. ↩

  3142. Sir Alan Broderick died on the 28th November, 1680, and was interred at Wandsworth on the 3rd December, when his funeral sermon was preached by Nathaniel Resbury, D.D., incumbent of the parish. The following extracts from the discourse, which, though printed, is very scarce, may throw some light on the knight’s character, and, from their quaintness, are interesting.

    “In the first place, therefore, I might be very well allow’d to begin with that usual head of panegyrick, where the subject could well bear it, viz., the quality of his birth and extract, and so give you his lineage in a long series of worthy and honourable ancestry, who from time immemorial had liv’d in the Registry of Honour in the Northern parts, till his own father, by the occasion of a noble trust, viz., the Lieutenancy of the Tower of London, came to add warmth to our Southern clime, and bless’d this place not only with his own and his religious Lady’s presence and virtues (whose names and memories are still fragrant in those odours of goodness wherein they have been so plentifully scented in life), but with a numerous and valuable progeny, amongst whom was this wonder both of greatness and goodness.⁠ ⁠… I will readily acknowledge (and why, indeed, should I scruple to own what himself with such repeated contrition and brokenness of spirit would to all sober ears so freely and heartily condemn himself for?) that a long scene of his life had been acted off in the sports and follies of sin. If I may use his own words, it was a pagan and abandoned way he had sometime pursu’d, scepticism itself not excepted.⁠ ⁠… He had for many years practis’d in the politicks of this nation, and having so nearly attacht himself to one of the greatest Ministers of State [Lord Chancellor Clarendon] that this kingdom ever knew (whose mistaken wisdom and integrity perhaps hath been since better understood by the want of him), made himself no small figure in the administration.”

    The Lords Middleton are descended from Sir St. John Broderick, a younger brother of Sir Alan. —⁠B. ↩

  3143. See July 4th, 1663. ↩

  3144. Quick or ready, a naval term frequently used by Shakespeare. ↩

  3145. Nathaniel Whitfield was one of the four clerks of the Ticket Office, and was detailed to attend to Sir William Batten. ↩

  3146. Charles Howard, created Earl of Carlisle, 1661, employed on several embassies, and Governor of Jamaica. Died February 24th, 1684⁠–⁠85. —⁠B. ↩

  3147. John Hingston, see note 3137. ↩

  3148. Mrs. Corey. See January 15th, 1668⁠–⁠69. Knipp is not mentioned by Genest as having acted in the play (English Stage, vol. i, p. 66). ↩

  3149. Captain Hogg wrote to Sir William Penn on December 27th that he had “sailed from Cowes on the 23rd, chased several vessels, and was chased by twenty sail, consisting of four Holland men-of-war, three merchant ships, etc., but escaped, and took a galliot hoy of their fleet” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 373). On the previous November 25th Commissioner Thomas Middleton reported to Pepys that Captain Hogg had brought into Portsmouth a privateer bound for France, laden with deals (p. 258 of the same). ↩

  3150. Captain Robert Robinson was sent in December as commodore of a squadron of six sail (the Warspight, the Jersey, the Diamond, the St. Patrick, the Nightingale, and the Oxford) to convoy the fleet home from Gottenburgh. On the 25th they fell in with a squadron of five Dutch men-of-war, of which three, including the admiral, were after a short action taken. Captain Robinson was knighted on December 12th, 1673 (Chamock’s Biographia Navalis, vol. i, p. 63). ↩

  3151. A blank in the MS. ↩

  3152. John Swinfen, M.P. for Tamworth. ↩

  3153. M.P. for Lincoln, made a Commissioner of the Admiralty, 1679. —⁠B. ↩

  3154. This tragicomedy, which refers to the feudal custom styled the droit du seigneur, was acted in 1628, and printed in Beaumont and Fletcher’s Works, 1647. Dryden, in the preface to his Fables, says “there is more indecency in the Custom of the Country than in all our plays together, yet this has been often acted on the stage in my remembrance.” ↩

  3155. See January 11th, 1665⁠–⁠66. ↩

  3156. A mazer or drinking-bowl turned out of some kind of wood, by preference of maple, and especially the spotted or speckled variety called “bird’s-eye maple” (see W. H. St. John Hope’s paper, “On the English Medieval Drinking-Bowls Called Mazers,” Archæologia, vol. 50, pp. 129⁠–⁠93). ↩

  3157. There is a song called “The New Droll,” in a rare volume entitled The Loyal Garland, or a Choice Collection of Songs Highly in Request⁠ ⁠… Fifth Edition, printed for T. Passinger, at the Three Bibles, on London Bridge, 1686, referred to in Beloe’s Anecdotes of Literature, 1812, vol. vi, p. 90, and Halliwell’s Catalogue of Chap-Books, Garlands, etc., 1849, p. 106. ↩

  3158. Belonging to Farryner, the king’s baker. ↩

  3159. This must be a landing-place, as no actual bridge existed at Blackfriars until 1760⁠–⁠69. ↩

  3160. Thomas, Earl of Arundel. The library was presented to the Royal Society on the advice of John Evelyn. Mr. Howard gave the Society all the printed books, of which a catalogue was printed; but the MSS. he divided between the Society and the College of Arms. Of the latter portion a catalogue has been privately printed by Sir Charles George Young, Garter King of Arms. In the year 1831 an arrangement was made between the Trustees of the British Museum and the Royal Society, the consent of the then Duke of Norfolk having been obtained, by which the Society’s portion of the MSS. was transferred to the Museum, where they are now preserved for public use, and known as the Arundel MSS. A very full catalogue of them has been published by the Trustees. About twenty years ago the Society sold the principal portion of the Arundel Library. ↩

  3161. His salary was paid to March 25th, 1667. ↩

  3162. H. Muddiman, writing to George Powell on November 15th, 1666, says: “Lady Denham is recovering; some have raised strange discourse about the cause of her sickness, but the physicians affirm it to have been iliaco passio” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, pp. 262, 263). The popular idea that she was poisoned is alluded to in the Grammont Memoirs, chap. ix. Lord Orrery, writing to the Duke of Ormond, January 25th, 1666⁠–⁠67, says: “My Lady Denham’s body, at her own desire, was opened, but no sign of poison was found” (Orrery State Papers, 1742, p. 219). ↩

  3163. In the “Bill against importing Cattle from Ireland and other parts beyond the Seas,” the Lords proposed to insert “Detriment and Mischief” in place of “Nuisance,” but the Commons stood to their word, and gained their way. The Lords finally consented that “Nuisance” should stand in the Bill. ↩

  3164. Professor Samuel R. Gardiner has kindly enabled the editor to identify this book. A copy of Ephemeris Parliamentaria, or a faithful Register of the Transactions in Parliament in the third and fourth years of the reign of our late sovereign lord King Charles. London, Printed for John Williams and Francis Eglesfield, 1654, is in the British Museum, and in the catalogue it is said to be edited by Thomas Fuller. A MS. note on the inside of the cover says that it was republished in 1657 under the title of The Sovereign’s Prerogative and the Subject’s Privilege. ↩

  3165. “Jan. 9. The Society meeting the first time in Arundel House, the president took notice again of the great favour, which Mr. Henry Howard of Norfolk had shown to the Society, not only in accommodating them with convenient room for their meetings, but also in presenting them with the library of the said house. The experiments appointed for the next meeting were (1) That of applying the strength of gunpowder to the bending of springs.”

    Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, pp. 138, 139

    ↩

  3166. The Prince Royal, which bore the flag of Sir George Ayscu, Admiral of the White, grounded on the Galloper.

    “Examination of George Purvis, master, and four other officers named, touching the surrender of their ship, the Prince, to the Dutch, on June 3, 1666; tending to prove that she was steering in according to orders when she ran aground; that Tromp brought a fireboat on each side to compel her to surrender, but that the flag was struck without the knowledge of the captain, Sir G[eorge] A[yscu], though one witness affirmed that he consented to its being struck. Jan. 10, 1667”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 445

    ↩

  3167. Presented by Mr. Gauden; see July 28th, 1664. ↩

  3168. The work of Henry More the Platonist, entitled, An Antidote Against Atheisme, or an Appeal to the Natural Faculties of the Mind of Man, Whether There Be Not a God. London, 1653. Second edition, 1655. ↩

  3169. Anthony Lowther did not marry Margaret Penn until February (see 15th). The marriage licence is dated February 12th. ↩

  3170. See note 3163. ↩

  3171. The Indian Emperor, or the Conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards, Dryden, intended as a sequel to The Indian Queen. It was entered at Stationers’ Hall on May 26th, 1665, but not published until 1667. ↩

  3172. Captain Richard Kingdon (or Kingdom), Commissioner of Prizes and Governor of Excise. ↩

  3173. Dr. Edward Stillingfleet, Prebendary of St. Paul’s, 1672; Dean of St. Paul’s, 1678; and Bishop of Worcester, 1689. He died March 27th, 1699. His biographer sets down Cranborne, in Dorsetshire, and Ringwood, in Hampshire, as the sites of his schools. ↩

  3174. The preparatory school at Hertford was not founded until 1683. ↩

  3175. On this day “An Act for raising Money by a Poll and otherwise towards the maintenance of the present War,” and “An Act prohibiting the Importation of Cattle from Ireland and other parts beyond the Sea, and Fish taken by Foreigners,” were passed. The king complained of the insufficient supply, and said, “ ’Tis high time for you to make good your promises, and ’tis high time for you to be in the country” (Journals of the House of Lords, vol. xii, p. 81). ↩

  3176. See October 10th, 1666. ↩

  3177. See note 3130. ↩

  3178. Sir James Barkman Leyenberg, many years the Swedish Resident in this country. He is the person mentioned in the note to November 18th, 1660, as having in 1671 married the widow of Sir W. Batten (see note 796). —⁠B. ↩

  3179. The ancient barony of De Ros, created by writ in 1264, was carried, with Belvoir Castle and other great possessions, into the family of Manners, by the marriage of Eleanor, sister and heir of Edmund, Lord de Ros (who died in 1508), to Sir Robert Manners. Katharine, only daughter and heir of Francis, sixth Earl of Rutland, married, first, George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, and, secondly, Randal Macdonnal, Marquis of Antrim. On her death her son, the second Duke of Buckingham, became eighteenth Baron De Ros. He died without issue in 1687, and the barony remained in abeyance until the year 1806, when it was determined by the Crown in favour of Charlotte Boyle (Lady Henry Fitzgerald), who became third Baroness De Ros. The present Lord De Ros is the twenty-fourth baron. ↩

  3180. Sir William Montagu, second son of Edward, first Baron Montagu of Boughton, born about 1619, Attorney-General to the Queen, 1662 to 1676, when he was appointed Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. Removed by James II in 1686, and died August 20th, 1706. The Duke of Buckingham’s claim to the title of Lord Rosse was opposed by the Earl of Rutland. On January 31st “Mr. Montagu made a long argument to maintain the claim of the Earl of Rutland, and Mr. Solicitor made an answer on behalf of the claim of the Duke of Bucks” (Journals of the House of Lords, vol. xii, p. 97). ↩

  3181. Sir Peter Ball was Queen’s Attorney-General in 1662. ↩

  3182. Sir Heneage Finch, Solicitor-General, 1660⁠–⁠70. ↩

  3183. Sir William Scroggs, King’s Serjeant, 1669; Chief Justice of the King’s Bench, 1678⁠–⁠81. He died October 25th, 1683. ↩

  3184. The order in council is dated January 16th, 1666⁠–⁠67, and commences as follows: “Whereas it is found by experience that the office of Comptroller of his Majesty’s Navy, which being of ancient institution and exercised by a single person in times of less business, and when his Majesty’s Navy was much less, hath in these times of action so much business depending upon it, and many times in places far distant the one from the other, that it is not possible for one person to manage it as it ought to be for the good of his Majesty’s service; in consideration whereof, his Majesty hath pleased to direct that two assistants be added to Sir John Minnes, Knt., the present Comptroller of his Majesty’s Navy, and that the work and employment of that office be so divided as that each may manage a distinct part thereof, and be able to render an exact account of his performance, that so it may appear where the default is, in case his Majesty’s service suffer detriment through the undue execution of that office.” The order is printed in Memoires Relating to the Conduct of the Navy, 1729, p. 59, and in Penn’s Memorials of Sir Wm. Penn, vol. ii, p. 435. ↩

  3185. Philip Howard, Lord Almoner to Queen Catherine, and third son of Henry Howard, Earl of Arundel, who died in 1652. He was made a cardinal by Clement X in 1675, and died at Rome in 1694. He was generally styled the Cardinal of Norfolk. —⁠B. ↩

  3186. Fabio Chigi, of Siena, succeeded Innocent X in 1655 as Alexander VII. He died May, 1667, and was succeeded by Clement IX. ↩

  3187. Pieces of “the Cross” were formerly held in such veneration, and were so common, that it has been often said enough existed to build a ship. Most readers will remember the distinction which Sir W. Scott represents Louis XI (with great appreciation of that monarch’s character), as drawing between an oath taken on a false piece and one taken on a piece of the true cross. Sir Thomas More, a very devout believer in relics, says (Works, p. 119), that Luther wished, in a sermon of his, that he had in his hand all the pieces of the Holy Cross; and said that if he so had, he would throw them there as never sun should shine on them:⁠—and for what worshipful reason would the wretch do such villainy to the cross of Christ? Because, as he saith, that there is so much gold now bestowed about the garnishing of the pieces of the Cross, that there is none left for poore folke. Is not this a high reason? As though all the gold that is now bestowed about the pieces of the Holy Cross would not have failed to have been given to poor men, if they had not been bestowed about the garnishing of the Cross! and as though there were nothing lost, but what is bestowed about Christ’s Cross! Wolsey, says Cavendish, on his fall, gave to Norris, who brought him a ring of gold as a token of good will from Henry, “a little chaine of gold, made like a bottle chain, with a cross of gold, wherein was a piece of the Holy Cross, which he continually wore about his neck, next his body; and said, furthermore, ‘Master Norris, I assure you, when I was in prosperity, although it seem but small in value, yet I would not gladly have departed with the same for a thousand pounds.’ ” Life, ed. 1852, p. 167. Evelyn mentions, Diary, November 17th, 1664, that he saw in one of the chapels in St. Peter’s a crucifix with a piece of the true cross in it. Amongst the jewels of Mary Queen of Scots was a cross of gold, which had been pledged to Hume of Blackadder for £1,000 (Chalmers’s Life, vol. i, p. 31). —⁠B. ↩

  3188. Dormitory. The French word was commonly used, and it was also anglicized as dorter and dortour. The latter word was used by Spenser (Faerie Queen, VI, xii, 24). “This is a very fine convent with a very fine dortoire.” —⁠M. Lister, Journey to Paris, 1699, p. 131 ↩

  3189. Sir Walter Walker is referred to in the Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 463. ↩

  3190. Nell Gwynn. ↩

  3191. Betty Hall. She was Sir Philip Howard’s mistress. Compare March 30th, 1667, and December 19th, 1668. —⁠B. ↩

  3192. Sir John Suckling’s play was first published in 1646, having been acted at the Blackfriars. ↩

  3193. The passage between brackets is written in the margin of the MS. ↩

  3194. The report of “Examinations on oath of Capt. Page, commander, Barth. Peartree, master, Nich. Churchwood, chief mate, and two other officers named, as to the loss of their ship the Breda, by striking on the shoals off the Texel,” dated January 24th, 1667, is preserved among the State Papers (Calendar, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 469). ↩

  3195. Henry Harris; see note 1875. ↩

  3196. The essay of Erasmus “De Conscribendis Epistolis” is printed in the first volume of his collected works, published at Leyden in 1703. ↩

  3197. Hugh May. ↩

  3198. There is little reason to doubt that it was such as Evelyn describes it at a later time. “I can never forget the inexpressible luxury and profaneness, gaming, and all dissoluteness, and, as it were, total forgetfulness of God (it being Sunday evening) which this day sennight I was witness of; the King sitting and toying with his concubines, Portsmouth, Cleveland, Mazarin, etc. A French boy singing love songs in that glorious gallery, whilst about twenty of the great courtiers and other dissolute persons were at basset round a large table, a bank of at least £2,000 in gold before them; upon which two gentlemen who were with me made reflections with astonishment. Six days after was all in the dust.” —⁠Diary, February, 1685. —⁠B. ↩

  3199. See note 3005. ↩

  3200. Intended as retaliation, perhaps, for the humiliation experienced by D’Estrades in London. See October 4th, 1661. —⁠B. ↩

  3201. Pepys might be thinking of Francis I’s

    “Souvent femme varie,
    Bien fol est qui s’y fie.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  3202. Nicholas Osborne. ↩

  3203. Antigua, one of the West India Islands (Leeward Islands), discovered by Columbus in 1493, who is said to have named it after a church at Seville called Santa Maria la Antigua. It was first settled by a few English families in 1632, and in 1663 another settlement was made under Lord Willoughby, to whom the entire island was granted by Charles II. In 1666 it was invaded by a French force, which laid waste all the settlement. It was reconquered by the English, and formally restored to them by the treaty of Breda. ↩

  3204. The passage between brackets is written in the margin of the MS. ↩

  3205. Annus Mirabilis; the Year of Wonders, 1666, an historical Poem. ↩

  3206. Rupert. ↩

  3207. James Molines, Moleyns, or Mullins, one of a family of distinguished surgeons, born 1628. He was elected, November 8th, 1665, in compliance with a recommendation from Charles II, surgeon to St. Thomas’s Hospital as to ordinary avocations, and joint-surgeon with Mr. Hollyer for the cutting of the stone. He was afterwards appointed Surgeon in Ordinary to Charles II and James II, and received the degree of M.D. from the University of Oxford, September 28th, 1681. He died February 8th, 1686, and was buried in St. Bride’s Church, Fleet Street, where his monumental tablet still exists. This information is obtained from a valuable article by Dr. J. Y. Payne on the various surgeons bearing the name of Molines in the Dictionary of National Biography. ↩

  3208. See January 15th, 1664⁠–⁠65. ↩

  3209. Michael Nostradamus, a physician and astrologer, born in the diocese of Avignon, 1503. Amongst other predictions, one was interpreted as foreshowing the singular death of Hen. II of France, by which his reputation was increased. In the 49th quatrain of his ninth century, the lines:

    “Gand et Bruxelles marcheront contre Anvers,
    Sénat de Londres mettront à mort leur roi,”

    may well be applied to the death of Charles I. Some coincidences in modern times are also curious. He speaks of the “renovation de siècle,” in 1792, in which year, in fact, the French revolutionary kalendar took its rise. The landing of Bonaparte from Elba, at Fréjus, was supposed to be predicted in cent. x, quatrain xxiii:

    “Au peuple ingrat faites les remonstrances,
    Par lors l’armée se saisera d’Antibe,
    Dans l’arc Monech feront les doléances,
    Et à Fréjus l’un l’autre prendra ribe.”

    Jodelle’s clever distich on Nostradamus is worthy of a place:

    “Nostra damus, cum falsa damus, nam fallere nostrum est,
    Et cum falsa damus, nil nisi nostra damus.”

    As well as the reply by Nostradamus’s followers:

    “Nostra damus, cum verba damus, quæ Nostradamus dat,
    Nam quæcumque dedit, nil nisi vera dedit.”

    He succeeded too in rendering assistance to the inhabitants of Aix, during the plague, by a powder of his own invention. He died at Salon, July, 1566. —⁠B. ↩

  3210. Roger L’Estrange, whose office it was to license the Almanacs, told Sir Edward Walker, “that most of them did foretell the fire of London last year, but hee caused itt to bee put out.” —⁠Ward’s Diary, p. 94. —⁠B. ↩

  3211. John Booker, an eminent astrologer and writing-master at Hadley. The words quoted by him from Nostradamus are (cent. ii, quatrain li):

    “Le sang du juste à Londres fera faute,
    Bruslez par foudre de vingt trois les six,
    La dame antique cherra de place haute,
    De mesme secte plusieurs seront occis.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  3212. In Windsor Forest. ↩

  3213. Sir C. Wren, it is well known, took up a stone from the ruins of St. Paul’s having the word “Resurgam” inscribed, which he adopted. —⁠B. ↩

  3214. Rear-Admiral John Kempthorne, a distinguished and gallant officer. His squadron was still in port on February 12th (Calendar of State Papers, 1606⁠–⁠67, p. 509). He was knighted in 1670, and in 1675 made Commissioner at Portsmouth, which place he represented in parliament. Died 1679. ↩

  3215. An Apology or Declaration of the Power and Providence of God in the Government of the World. By George Hakewill, a learned divine. Oxford, 1627. The work was frequently reprinted. —⁠B. ↩

  3216. See note 2088. ↩

  3217. Lord John Butler was born in 1643, and in January, 1676, married Anne, only daughter of Arthur Chichester, Earl of Donegal. In April, 1676, he was created Earl of Gowran. Died s. p., 1677. —⁠B. ↩

  3218. See November 25th. ↩

  3219. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, of which an alteration was produced by the Duke of Buckingham. The play which Pepys saw was probably the duke’s revised version, although it was not published until 1682. ↩

  3220. This song is not in Beaumont and Fletcher, as printed, nor in the alteration of the play by the duke. —⁠B. ↩

  3221. “Captain Seely, captain of the fire-ship that deserted the Patrick, was this day (March 7th) shot to death on board his own vessel.”

    Pointer’s Chronological Hist. of Engl., vol. i, p. 216

    —⁠B. ↩

  3222. February 7th, “Hugh Salesbury to Williamson. A fire-ship which left Harwich with the St. Patrick, reports that she met off North Foreland two Dutch privateers; the commander of the St. Patrick indiscreetly boarded one of them, the other boarded the St. Patrick, and both grappled him so that he yielded, and was carried to Holland. The fire-ship, instead of boarding one of them, only looked on.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 499

    ↩

  3223. As Constable of Windsor Castle. See note 3099. ↩

  3224. Ben Jonson’s well-known play. ↩

  3225. Charles Carter, who had a cure in Huntingdonshire. See February 8th, 1659⁠–⁠60, and December 23rd, 1660. ↩

  3226. Edward Rainbow, S.T.P., Bishop of Carlisle, 1664⁠–⁠84. He died March 26th, 1684, aged seventy-six years. ↩

  3227. Granger (Biog. Hist. of Engl., vol. iv, p. 190) describes an engraved portrait by Cooper, after Lely, of the Lady (Mrs.) Williams; but he describes her as the mistress of the Duke of York. ↩

  3228. John Troutbecke. See March 21st, 1665⁠–⁠66. ↩

  3229. Muger = wife in Spanish. ↩

  3230. Giovanni Baptista Draghi, an Italian musician in the service of Queen Catherine, and a composer of merit. He joined with Matthew Lock in composing the music to Shadwell’s opera of Psyche, produced in 1673. ↩

  3231. Like Hermit Poor in Pensive Place Obscure is found in The Phoenix Nest, 1593, and in Harl. MS. No. 6910, written soon after 1596. It was set to music by Alfonso Ferrabosco, and published in his Ayres, 1609. The song was a favourite with Izaak Walton, and is alluded to in Hudibras (Part I, canto ii, line 1169). See Rimbault’s Little Book of Songs and Ballads, 1851, p. 98. Both versions of the famous ballad of “Chevy Chase” are printed in Percy’s Reliques. ↩

  3232. The gondolas mentioned before, as sent by the Doge of Venice. See September 12th, 1661. ↩

  3233. “The name which is foremost in one’s mind, if one speaks of Italian music in the second half of the seventeenth century, is Carissimi, the last great representative of the Roman school, and himself the precursor and model of a number of great musicians in his own country, of Lulli in France, and through him of Humphreys and Purcell in England.”

    F. Hueffer, Italian and Other Studies, 1883, p. 296

    ↩

  3234. There are several letters from John Lanyon to the Navy Commissioners among the State Papers, in some of which he asks for money (Calendar, 1666⁠–⁠67). ↩

  3235. Thomas Lloyd or Floyd. ↩

  3236. This must refer to Lord Orrery’s play of Henry V, acted at the Duke’s House on August 13th, 1664 (see vol. iv, p. 216). ↩

  3237. Henry, third son of Thomas, first Lord Coventry, Lord Keeper; after the Restoration he was made a Groom of the Bedchamber, and elected M.P. for Droitwich in 1661. In 1664 he was sent Envoy Extraordinary to Sweden, where he remained two years, and was again employed on an embassy to the same court in 1671. He also succeeded (with Lord Holies) in negotiating the peace at Breda here alluded to, and in 1672 became Secretary of State, which office he resigned in 1679, on account of ill-health. He died unmarried, December 7th, 1686. —⁠B. ↩

  3238. Sir William Morris had several sons. ↩

  3239. The marriage licence of Anthony Lowther, of Marske, co. York, bachelor, 24, and Margaret Penn, spinster, 15, is dated February 12th, 1666⁠–⁠67 (Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, 1887, col. 865). ↩

  3240. Perhaps the person called Vinnecotio, February 12th, 1666⁠–⁠67. There was a German organist and composer named Gasparus Vincentius, who lived about this time. ↩

  3241. See note 3222. ↩

  3242. See July 12th, 1666. ↩

  3243. Her Majesty’s apartments, at Whitehall Palace. ↩

  3244. See January 27th. ↩

  3245. See December 1st, 1666. ↩

  3246. Pepys records Mr. Weaver’s death on April 10th, 1667. ↩

  3247. Burnet wrote (History of His Own Time, book ii): “An act passed in this session for rebuilding the city of London, which gave Lord Chief Justice Hale a great reputation, for it was drawn with so true a judgment, and so great foresight, that the whole city was raised out of its ashes without any suits of law.” ↩

  3248. John Banister, who had been bred up, under his father, one of the waits in St. Giles’s-in-the-Fields, was sent by Charles II to France for improvement; but soon after his return he was dismissed the king’s service for saying that the English violins were better than the French. He afterwards kept a music school in Whitefriars, and died in 1679 (Hawkins’s History of Music). There were many complaints against Banister. Among the State Papers is a “Remonstrance (dated March 29th, 1667) of the king’s band of violins under M. Grabu, master of his music, against the fraudulent conduct of John Banister, who receives £600 a year for extraordinary services of the violins, and keeps most of it himself, compelling them to submit by threats of having them turned out of their places; several have been turned out without orders from the king or Lord Chamberlain” (Calendar, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 593). ↩

  3249. Louis Grabut or Grebus, Master of the King’s Music. The “Warrant to Edward, Earl of Manchester, to swear in ⸻ Grabu as Master of the English Chamber Music,” is dated November 12th, 1666 (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 256). On the death of Charles II Dryden brought out a piece entitled “Albion and Albanius,” with machinery and decorations by Betterton, and music by Grebus. Mr. Lowe found a dramatic cutting at the Guildhall Library, consisting of verses, each stanza ending with the name of Grabu. Here is one:

    “Each actor on the stage his luck bewailing,
    Finds that his loss is infallibly true;
    Smith, Nokes, and Leigh in a fever with railing
    Curse poet, painter, and Monsieur Grabu.”

    Lowe’s Life of Betterton, p. 135

    See also North’s Memoirs of Music, by Rimbault, p. 110. ↩

  3250. Brighthelmstone, or Brighton. ↩

  3251. This was Francis Mansell of Ovingdean, and not Nicholas Tettersell, as stated in former editions of the Diary. The former was appointed “Customer Inward” in the port of Southampton, from which he received £60 a year. He petitioned the king about 1661 for rehlief, stating that he “was forced to fly for life, being one of the instruments of his Majesty’s happy escape, and has spent more in solicitation than the £60 per annum he receives from his small office.” After this he was granted a pension of £200, but this was allowed to fall into arrear. Mr. F. E. Sawyer, in his paper on Captain Nicholas Tettersell and the Escape of Charles II (Sussex Archaeological Collections, vol. xxxii), says, “As Mansell’s pension was £200 a year, whilst Tettersell’s was only £100, it would appear that the services of the former were considered by the king of more value than those of the latter.” See also Diary, May 23rd, 1660, and note 486. ↩

  3252. Anthony Lowther before the marriage. —⁠B. ↩

  3253. “Bays, and says, and serges, and several sorts of stufts, which I neither can nor do desire to name, are made in and about Colchester.”

    Fuller’s Worthies

    —⁠B. ↩

  3254. Bois-le-Duc or ’s Hertogenbosch. ↩

  3255. Entitled “An Act for Rebuilding the City of London,” 19 Car. II, cap. 3. —⁠B. ↩

  3256. See Sir Christopher Wren’s “Proposals for rebuilding the City of London after the great fire, with an engraved Plan of the principal Streets and Public Buildings,” in Elmes’s Memoirs of Sir Christopher Wren, Appendix, p. 61. The originals are in All Souls’ College Library, Oxford. —⁠B. ↩

  3257. “One Hubert, a French papist, was seized in Essex, as he was getting out of the way in great confusion. He confessed he had begun the fire, and persisted in his confession to his death, for he was hanged upon no other evidence but that of his own confession. It is true he gave so broken an account of the whole matter that he was thought mad. Yet he was blindfolded, and carried to several places of the city, and then his eyes being opened, he was asked if that was the place, and he being carried to wrong places, after he looked round about for some time, he said that was not the place, but when he was brought to the place where it first broke out, he affirmed that was the true place.”

    Burnet’s Own Time, book ii

    Archbishop Tillotson, according to Burnet, believed that London was burnt by design. ↩

  3258. Brushwood, or faggots used for lighting fires. ↩

  3259. By Philip Rotier (see note 1721). ↩

  3260. The first fortification at Sheerness was erected by Sir Bernard de Gomme. The original draft is in the British Museum; see note 3303. —⁠B. ↩

  3261. Woolwich stones, still collected in that locality, are simply waterworn pebbles of flint, which, when broken with a hammer, exhibit on the smooth surface some resemblance to the human face; and their possessors are thus enabled to trace likenesses of friends, or eminent public characters. The late Mr. Tennant, the geologist, of the Strand, had a collection of such stones. In the British Museum is a nodule of globular or Egyptian jasper, which, in its fracture, bears a striking resemblance to the well-known portrait of Chaucer. It is engraved in Rymsdyk’s Museum Britannicum, tab. xxviii. A flint, showing Mr. Pitt’s face, used once to be exhibited at the meetings of the Pitt Club. —⁠B. ↩

  3262. In A Complete List of the Royal Navy in England in 1599 (Archæologia, vol. xiii, p. 30), No. 11 is described as “The Beare, of two sakers, of cast iron,” and No. 12 as “The White Beare, of three cannon, six demi-cannon, seven culverins, seven demi-culverins, two portpeece halls and seven fowler halls, all of brass, with five demi-cannon and three demi-culverins, all of cast iron.” ↩

  3263. Cambridgeshire. ↩

  3264. Sir George Downing’s mother was Margaret, daughter and coheir of Robert Brett, D.D. His wife, Lady Downing, was Francis, fourth daughter of William Howard, of Naworth, and sister of Charles Howard, the first Earl of Carlisle of that family. —⁠B. ↩

  3265. Money paid to men who enlist into the public service; press money. So called because those who receive it are to be prest or ready when called on (Encyclopædic Dictionary). ↩

  3266. Bearcroft. See March 3rd. ↩

  3267. Anthony Lowther and his wife Margaret Penn. ↩

  3268. From Poor Robin’s Almanac for 1757 it appears that, in former times in England, a Welshman was burnt in effigy on this anniversary. Mr. W. C. Hazlitt, in his edition of Brand’s Popular Antiquities, adds “The practice to which Pepys refers⁠ ⁠… was very common at one time; and till very lately bakers made gingerbread Welshmen, called taffies, on St. David’s day, which were made to represent a man skewered” (vol. i, pp. 60, 61). ↩

  3269. “Her skill increasing with her years, other poets sought to obtain recommendations of her wit and beauty to the success of their writings. I have said that Dryden was one of the principal supporters of the King’s house, and ere long in one of his new plays a principal character was set apart for the popular comedian. The drama was a tragicomedy called ‘Secret Love, or the Maiden Queen,’ and an additional interest was attached to its production from the king having suggested the plot to its author, and calling it ‘his play.’ ”

    Cunningham’s Story of Nell Gwyn, ed. 1892, pp. 38, 39

    ↩

  3270. John Speed’s Chronicle (“The History of Great Britaine under the Conquests of ye Romans, Saxons, Danes, and Normans”). ↩

  3271. Westhorpe, in Suffolk, originally the magnificent residence of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk; it was probably afterwards granted by the Crown to the Duke of Buckingham. The house has long since been demolished. —⁠B. ↩

  3272. Two of our greatest poets have drawn the character of the Duke of Buckingham in brilliant verse, and both have condemned him to infamy. There is enough in Pepys’s reports to corroborate the main features of Dryden’s magnificent portrait of Zimri in Absalom and Achitophel:

    “In the first rank of these did Zimri stand;
    A man so various that he seemed to be
    Not one, but all mankind’s epitome;
    Stiff in opinions, always in the wrong;
    Was everything by starts, and nothing long,
    But, in the course of one revolving moon,
    Was chymist, fiddler, statesman, and buffoon;
    Then all for women, painting, rhyming, drinking,
    Besides ten thousand freaks that died in thinking,
    ⋮
    He laughed himself from Court, then sought relief
    By forming parties, but could ne’er be chief.”

    Pope’s facts are not correct, and hence the effect of his picture is impaired. In spite of the duke’s constant visits to the Tower, Charles II still continued his friend; but on the death of the king, expecting little from James, he retired to his estate at Helmsley, in Yorkshire, to nurse his property and to restore his constitution. He died on April 16th, 1687, at Kirkby Moorside, after a few days’ illness, caused by sitting on the damp grass when heated from a fox chase. The scene of his death was the house of a tenant, not “the worst inn’s worst room” (Moral Essays, epist. iii). He was buried in Westminster Abbey. ↩

  3273. The translation of the work of Joannes Henricus Alstedius is entitled: Templum Musicum; the Musical Synopsis; being a compendium of the rudiments both of the mathematical and practical part of music. Translated out of Latin by J. Birchensha. London, 1664, 8vo (with frontispiece). ↩

  3274. This explanation of the word would appear even now to be necessary for those who are unacquainted with the Liturgy of the Church of England. In 1888 the following passage occurred in a leading article in the Times: “We have no doubt whatever that Scotch judges and juries will administer indifferent justice.” A correspondent in Glasgow, who supposed indifferent to mean inferior, wrote to complain at the insinuation that a Scotch jury would not do its duty. ↩

  3275. Robert Boreman, D.D. (or Bourman), brother of Sir William Boreman, Clerk of the Green Cloth to Charles II, rector of St. Giles’s in the Fields from 1663 till his death, November 15th, 1675. He was installed Prebendary of Westminster Abbey in December, 1667. ↩

  3276. Mr. Chappell, in his account of the ballad of “St. George for England,” refers to this passage (Popular Music of the Olden Time, vol. i, p. 286). ↩

  3277. “Many men love the treason, though they hate the traitor” is attributed to Anthony Sadler, D.D. (1619⁠–⁠1680), in Day’s Collacon: An Encyclopædia of Prose Quotations. ↩

  3278. Devonshire House (the town house of the Earls of Devonshire) was in Bishopsgate Street, where Devonshire Square now stands. ↩

  3279. A tragedy by J. Caryl. Betterton acted King Richard; Harris, the Earl of Richmond; and Smith, Sir William Stanley. ↩

  3280. Mary Davis, sometime a comedian in the Duke of York’s troop, and one of those actresses who boarded with Sir W. Davenant, was, according to Pepys, a natural daughter of Thomas Howard, first Earl of Berkshire. She captivated the king by the charming manner in which she sang a ballad beginning, “My lodging it is on the cold ground,” when acting Celania, a shepherdess mad for love in the play of The Rivals. Charles took her off the stage, and she had by him a daughter named Mary Tudor, married to Francis, second Earl of Derwentwater; and their son James, the third earl, was attainted and beheaded for high treason. Miss Davis was also a fine dancer; see Hawkins’s History of Music, vol. iv, p. 525, where the ballad alluded to will be found; which, as Downes quaintly observes, “raised the fair songstress from her bed on the cold ground to the bed royal.” According to another account, she was the daughter of a blacksmith at Charlton, in Wiltshire, where a family of the name of Davis had exercised that calling for many generations, and has but lately become extinct. There is a beautiful whole-length portrait of Mary Davis, by Kneller, at Audley End, in which she is represented as a tall, handsome woman; and her general appearance ill accords with the description given of her by our journalist. —⁠B. ↩

  3281. As Florimel in Secret Love, or the Maiden Queen. See 2nd of this month. ↩

  3282. £4 the chaldron. On November 26th, post, Pepys speaks of them as being £5 10s. In 1812, “Napoleon’s winter,” £6 6s. were paid in the suburbs of London; an extraordinary price; but, the difference of money considered, cheap, when compared with 1667. —⁠B. ↩

  3283. Carcasse’s dismissal from office is clearly alluded to in his verses. See note 2628. ↩

  3284. Thomas Morley’s work is entitled, A Plain and Easy Introduction to Practical Music, Set Down in Form of a Dialogue Divided Into Three Parts. London, 1597, folio; other editions, 1608, 1771. ↩

  3285. The Loyal London was the ship given to the king by the City. It was launched at Deptford on June 10th, 1666. ↩

  3286. The proclamation “to apprehend George Duke of Buckingham for Treason” is dated “8 March 1666[⁠–⁠67]” (Bibliotheca Lindesiana: Handlist of Proclamations, vol. i, 1509⁠–⁠1714). ↩

  3287. Henry Jermyn, Earl of St. Albans, was appointed Envoy Extraordinary to treat for peace with France on January 25th, 1666⁠–⁠67. ↩

  3288. Thomas Greeting, musician, published, in 1675, The Pleasant Companion, or New Lessons and Instructions for the Flagelet. ↩

  3289. William Ashburnham, the Cofferer (see note 3129). ↩

  3290. Among the Rawlinson MSS. (Bodleian) are “Accounts with Sir W. Batten and others relating to the Flying Greyhound privateer, 1667,” A. 174. ↩

  3291. Thomas Waltham, muster-master at Plymouth, writes to the Navy Commissioners, January 11th, 1666⁠–⁠67, “Captain Hogg with his prize is ready to sail the first opportunity” (Calendar of State Papers, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 447). ↩

  3292. Bishop Herbert Croft, who was previously Dean of Hereford (1644), was not a Romanist by birth, but entangled by the Jesuits while on his travels, and converted to Popery. It would appear, from Godwin (De Præsulibus), that his return to the Protestant faith is not attributable to Laud, but to the efforts of another prelate. “In patriam vero redux et in Thomæ Mortoni Episcopi Dunelmensis familiaritatem adductus melioribus consiliis adhibitis ad se quoque rediit et Ecclesiam Anglicanam.” Croft, says Burnet, was a devout man, but of no discretion in his conduct. He was born 1603, and survived his elevation to the see of Hereford, in 1661, thirty years. The bishop’s father, Sir Herbert, was a knight, and his son, of the same name, a baronet. See Sir Walter Scott’s preface to The Naked Truth, in Somers’ Tracts, vol. vii, p. 268. —⁠B. ↩

  3293. William Allington, second Baron Allington, of Killard, Ireland, created an English baron, 1682, by the title of Baron Allington, of Wymondley, Hertfordshire. He died 1684, and was succeeded by his son, Giles, who died 1691, when the title became extinct. ↩

  3294. His second wife, Juliana, daughter of Baptist Noel, Viscount Campden. She died in the September following. —⁠B. ↩

  3295. Richard Cumberland, afterwards Bishop of Peterborough. See note 189. ↩

  3296. Sir Paul Rycaut (see note 3014). ↩

  3297. Sir William Penn was at Sheerness on this day, and his “Memorandum of a Consultation held at Sheerness, March 20th, 1666⁠–⁠67, for the security of the said places, etc.,” is printed in Penn’s Life of Sir W. Penn, vol. ii, p. 437. ↩

  3298. Henry Gary, third Viscount Falkland, M.P., Oxford City, 1660, and Oxfordshire, 1661. Sir Henry Cary, first Viscount Falkland in the peerage of Scotland, was Lord Deputy of Ireland from 1622 to 1629. The title of the play was really The Marriage Night. It was published in 1664. The author died in the same year. ↩

  3299. There are references to the Phoenix, a Dutch ship taken as a prize, among the State Papers (see Calendar, 1666⁠–⁠67, p. 404). Pepys appears to have got into trouble at a later date in respect to this same ship, for among the Rawlinson MSS. (A. 170) are “Papers relating to the charge brought against him in the House of Commons in 1689 with reference to the ship Phoenix and the East India Company in 1681⁠–⁠86.” ↩

  3300. Sir William Walker (see note 659). ↩

  3301. Sir William Brouncker (born 1585) had been Commissary-General of the Musters in the Scotch expedition in 1639, Vice-Chamberlain to Prince Charles, and one of the gentlemen of the Privy Chamber to Charles I. He was the son of Sir Henry Brouncker, President of Munster, by Anne, sister to Henry Lord Morley, and was created Viscount Brouncker of Castlelyons, in Ireland, and Baron Brouncker of Newcastle, co. Dublin, September 12th, 1645. He died in November following at Wadham College, Oxford, and was buried in Christ Church Cathedral, leaving issue by his wife, Winifred, daughter of Sir William Leigh, of Newenham, Warwickshire, two sons, William, and Henry, third and last Viscount Brouncker, who died in 1688, and was buried in Richmond Church, leaving no issue by his wife Rebecca, widow of the Hon. Thomas Jermyn, mother, by her first husband, of Thomas, Lord Jermyn, and Henry, Lord Dover. Henry Brouncker, who had been Groom of the Bedchamber to the Duke of York, had succeeded to the office of Cofferer on the death of William Ashburnham in 1671. The Lords Brouncker were descended from Henry Brouncker, who, in 1544, bought lands at Melksham and Erlestoke, in Wilts and his arms, and those of his two wives, are described by Aubrey as being on the window of a house at Erlestoke. There are lives of the Brounckers by Mr. Sidney L. Lee in the Dictionary of National Biography. ↩

  3302. Sir Godfrey Lloyd had been a captain in Holland, and was knighted by Charles at Brussels in 1657. —⁠B. ↩

  3303. Sir Bernard de Gomme was born at Lille in 1620. When young he served in the campaigns of Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, and afterwards entered the service of Charles I, by whom he was knighted. Under Charles II and James II he filled the offices of Engineer in Chief of all the King’s Castles and Fortifications in England and Wales, Quartermaster-General, and Surveyor-General of the Ordnance. He died November 23rd, 1685, and was buried in the Tower of London on the 30th. He first fortified Sheerness, Liverpool, etc., and he strengthened Portsmouth. His plans of these places and others, and of some of Charles I’s battles, are in the British Museum, where also is preserved a miniature portrait of him in oil. Mr. G. Laurence Gomme, ex-President of the Folk Lore Society, is a member of the same family as Sir Bernard, and possesses a curious carved desk with Cromwell’s arms upon it. It is a tradition in the family that this was presented by the Protector to Sir Bernard de Gomme. ↩

  3304. Sir Peter Lely (1618⁠–⁠1680) was knighted January 11th, 1678⁠–⁠79. His house was in Drury Lane. He died November 30th, 1680, and was buried by torchlight in St. Paul’s Church, Covent Garden, December 7th. ↩

  3305. See March 2nd, 1666⁠–⁠67. ↩

  3306. D.C.L., King’s Advocate, 1669; Judge of the High Court of Admiralty in 1673, in succession to Sir Leoline Jenkins. ↩

  3307. Sir Leoline Jenkins, Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, and afterwards made Judge of the Admiralty and the Prerogative Court. He was subsequently employed on several embassies, and succeeded Henry Coventry as Secretary of State, 1680. Died 1685, aged sixty-two. His State Papers have been published. Burnet says of him, “He was a man of an exemplary life and considerably learned, but he was dull and slow; he was suspected of leaning to popery, though very unjustly.” ↩

  3308. Margaret, daughter of Sir Thomas Lucas, of Colchester, and sister to John, Lord Lucas, married William Cavendish, Marquis of Newcastle, created Duke of Newcastle, 1665. The play was written by the husband, and not by the wife. ↩

  3309. Betty Hall. See January 23rd, 1666⁠–⁠67. ↩

  3310. See February 14th, 1666⁠–⁠67. ↩

  3311. Lady Elizabeth Howard, daughter of Theophilus Howard, second Earl of Suffolk, wife of Algernon, tenth Earl of Northumberland. —⁠B. ↩

  3312. Lady Elizabeth Wriothesley, third and youngest daughter to the last Earl of Southampton, half-sister to Rachel, Lady Russell, married to Josceline, Lord Percy, who succeeded as eleventh Earl of Northumberland in 1668. She was mother of Lady Elizabeth Percy, afterwards Duchess of Somerset. ↩

  3313. Evelyn (Diary, July 29th, 1667) says that it was owing to Sir William Coventry that no fleet was fitted out in 1667. His unpopularity after the burning of the fleet at Chatham by the Dutch was great. “Those who advised His Majesty to prepare no fleet this spring, deserved⁠—I know what⁠—but!” (Evelyn’s Diary, June 28th, 1667). —⁠B. ↩

  3314. If this is not a mistake it infers that there was some relationship between Sir Thomas Allen and Captain John Allen, the father of Rebecca. ↩

  3315. Henry Jowles, of Chatham, was married to Rebecca, daughter of John Alleyn of the same place, in 1662 (see Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, col. 779). The name is given incorrectly as Jewkes in note 2024. ↩

  3316. Little? ↩

  3317. John Lanyon, one of the contractors for victualling Tangier. ↩

  3318. Nathanael Crewe, afterwards Bishop of Durham, and last Lord Crewe (1633⁠–⁠1722). He was the founder of the noble Bamborough charities. At this time he was thirty-four years of age. ↩

  3319. The Bear at the Bridge Foot was a famous tavern in Southwark (see note 681). ↩

  3320. To Cobham Hall, near Gravesend. See April 26th, post. —⁠B. ↩

  3321. See note 2860. ↩

  3322. Son of the Earl of Berkshire. ↩

  3323. See November 1st, 1667, post. ↩

  3324. The passage between brackets is written in the margin of the MS. ↩

  3325. The practice of giving alms on Maundy Thursday to poor men and women equal in number to the years of the sovereign’s age is a curious survival in an altered form of an old custom. The original custom was for the king to wash the feet of twelve poor persons, and to give them a supper in imitation of Christ’s last supper and his washing of the Apostles’ feet. James II was the last sovereign to perform the ceremony in person, but it was performed by deputy so late as 1731. The Archbishop of York was the king’s deputy on that occasion. The institution has passed through the various stages of feet washing with a supper, the discontinuance of the feet washing, the substitution of a gift of provisions for the supper, and finally the substitution of a gift of money for the provisions. The ceremony took place at the Chapel Royal, Whitehall; but it is now held at Westminster Abbey. Maundy is derived from the Latin word maudatum, which commences the original anthem sung during the ceremony, in reference to Christ’s command; but Spelman supposed it to be connected with the maunds or baskets to contain the gifts⁠—as will be seen from what has been said of the original institution, this is an impossible explanation. Professor Skeat has settled the question conclusively by proving beyond doubt that Maundy is really the French mandé, which is the regular phonetic forin of Latin mandatum, a command (see his Etymological Dictionary and note to “Piers Plowman,” E. E. Text Soc. edition, part iv, p. 379). He points out that Spelman’s guess about maund, a basket, “is as false as it is readily believed.” ↩

  3326. Thomas Wentworth, fourth Baron Wentworth of Nettlestead, advanced, February 7th, 1625⁠–⁠26, to the earldom of Cleveland. In 1660 he was again appointed Captain of the Band of Pensioners, an office he had held before the Civil Wars. He died March 25th, 1667, s.p.m., when the barony devolved upon his daughter, Henrietta, Baroness Wentworth, afterwards mistress of the Duke of Monmouth. ↩

  3327. Sir Paul Rycaut’s Present State of the Ottoman Empire is in the Pepysian Library. See note 3014. ↩

  3328. The sister of Mrs. Clerke. ↩

  3329. A comedy by Sir Robert Howard, published in 1665. ↩

  3330. Probably in Moorfields. See August 22nd, 1666. It was also exhibited at Bartholomew Fair and at Charing Cross. ↩

  3331. Jasper Trice, gent., died 27th October, 1675.

    Momanental Inscription in Brampton Church, Hunts.

    —⁠B. ↩

  3332. This play was entitled Sawney the Scot, or the Taming of a Shrew, and consisted of an alteration of Shakespeare’s play by John Lacy. Although it had long been popular it was not printed until 1698. In the old Taming of a Shrew (1594), reprinted by Thomas Amyot for the Shakespeare Society in 1844, the hero’s servant is named Sander, and this seems to have given the hint to Lacy, when altering Shakespeare’s Taming of the Shrew, to foist a Scotsman into the action. Sawney was one of Lacy’s favourite characters, and occupies a prominent position in Michael Wright’s picture at Hampton Court. Evelyn, on October 3rd, 1662, “visited Mr. Wright, a Scotsman, who had liv’d long at Rome, and was esteem’d a good painter,” and he singles out as his best picture, “Lacy, the famous Roscius, or comedian, whom he has painted in three dresses, as a gallant, a Presbyterian minister, and a Scotch Highlander in his plaid.” Langbaine and Aubrey both make the mistake of ascribing the third figure to Teague in The Committee; and in spite of Evelyn’s clear statement, his editor in a note follows them in their blunder. Planché has reproduced the picture in his History of Costume (vol. ii, p. 243). ↩

  3333. See June 23rd, 1660. ↩

  3334. Secretary Morice writes, “Whitehall, April 16”⁠—“The King wishes the £200 a week allowed to the Ambassadors extraordinary appointed to treat at Breda to begin from April 16” (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 37). ↩

  3335. Sir George Mackenzie (1636⁠–⁠91), King’s Advocate for Scotland, published at Edinburgh, anonymously, in 1663, Religio Stoici; the Virtuoso or Stoic, with a friendly Address to the Fanatics of all Sects and Sorts. ↩

  3336. A light-armed vessel of the seventeenth century, used by the Dutch for privateering.

    Smith’s Sailor’s Word Book

    ↩

  3337. The word is Sweden in the original. ↩

  3338. Jamaica House and Tea Gardens, Bermondsey, are marked in Horwood’s map as situated at the end of Cherry Garden Street. The name survives in Jamaica Road. There is an illustration of the house in Rendle and Norman’s Inns of Old Southwark, 1888, p. 400. ↩

  3339. This play was entered on the Register of the Stationers’ Company, but never printed. ↩

  3340. Edward Howard, fifth son of Thomas Howard, first Earl of Berkshire, and brother of Sir Robert Howard, baptized at St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields, November 2nd, 1624. His play, the United Kingdoms, was satirized in The Rehearsal. Lacy’s opinion of his abilities was shared by many of his contemporaries. ↩

  3341. The edition of 1666, containing eight books instead of five, edited by Dr. J. Gauden, Bishop of Exeter, and printed by Andrew Crooker, with the Life by Izaak Walton added for the first time. ↩

  3342. Sir William Dugdale’s Origines Juridiciales was published in 1666, and a second edition appeared in 1671. ↩

  3343. In The Change of Crowns. ↩

  3344. See note 802, which requires revision. Michael Mohun (1620?⁠–⁠84) acted before the Civil War under Beeston at the Cockpit, in Drury Lane. He fought on the royalist side, and attained the rank of captain. Subsequently he went to Flanders, and there became a major. He lived in 1665 on the south side of Russell Street, Covent Garden, and from 1671 to 1676 in a house on the east side of Bow Street. He died in Brownlow Street (now Betterton Street), Drury Lane, in October, 1684, and was buried in the church of St. Giles-in-the-Fields (see life by Mr. Joseph Knight in the Dictionary of National Biography). He is described as Major in the Dramatis Personæ of Dryden’s Assignation as late as 1673. ↩

  3345. Afterwards called Bloomsbury Market. The following advertisement was inserted in The Intelligencer of May 23rd, 1664:

    “These are to give notice to all persons, that the King’s most excellent Majesty hath granted to the Right Hon. the Earl of Southampton, one market to be held by the said Earl, his heirs, and assignes for ever, on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, in every week, at Bloomsbury, in the parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields, in the county of Middlesex.

    —⁠B. ↩

  3346. John Desborough, Desborow, or Disbrowe (1608⁠–⁠80), major-general, second son of James Desborough of Ettisley, Cambridgeshire. On June 23rd, 1636, he married Jane, sixth daughter of Robert Cromwell of Huntingdon, and sister of Oliver. After the Restoration he was imprisoned, and passed through several adventures; but after a judicial examination in 1667 he was set at liberty, and appears to have been allowed to reside quietly in England for the rest of his life. He died at Hackney in 1680. ↩

  3347. Rollo, Duke of Normandy, a tragedy by John Fletcher, published in 1640. It was previously published in 1639 under the title of The Bloody Brother. Hart, Kynaston, Mohun, and Burt all acted in this play. ↩

  3348. See August 15th, 1661. ↩

  3349. See November 5th, 1664. Downes wrote: “The Tragedy of Macbeth, alter’d by Sir William Davenant; being drest in all it’s finery, as new clothes, new scenes, machines as flyings for the Witches; with all the singing and dancing in it. The first compos’d by Mr. Lock, the other by Mr. Channell and Mr. Joseph Preist; it being all excellently perform’d, being in the nature of an opera, it recompenc’d double the expense; it proves still a lasting play.” ↩

  3350. The death of Mr. Hollworthy is recorded on November 10th, 1665. ↩

  3351. A form once so commonly used for asparagus that it has found its way into dictionaries. ↩

  3352. Sir George Viner in 1665 succeeded his father. Sir Thomas, who had been Lord Mayor in 1653, and created a baronet in 1660. Sir George died in 1673. His wife was Abigail, daughter of Sir John Lawrence, Lord Mayor in 1665. —⁠B. ↩

  3353. Hackney was long famous for its boarding schools. ↩

  3354. Clarendon House, Piccadilly. See note 2433 and note 2434. ↩

  3355. Among the State Papers is a document dated July 8th, 1667, in which we read: “At Breda, the business is so far advanced that the English have relinquished their pretensions to the ships Henry Bonaventure and Good Hope. The matter sticks only at Poleron; the States have resolved not to part with it, though the English should have a right to it” (Calendar, 1667, p. 278). ↩

  3356. Clerk of the Council. ↩

  3357. Wooly. ↩

  3358. See November 15th, 1666. ↩

  3359. See November 8th, 1664. ↩

  3360. William Legge, eldest son of Edward Legge, sometime Vice-President of Munster, born 1609(?). He served under Maurice of Nassau and Gustavus Adolphus, and held the rank of colonel in the Royalist army. He closely attached himself to Prince Rupert, and was an active agent in affecting the reconciliation between that prince and his uncle Charles I. Colonel Legge distinguished himself in several actions, and was wounded and taken prisoner at the battle of Worcester; it was said that he would have “been executed if his wife had not contrived his escape from Coventry gaol in her own clothes.” He was Groom of the Bedchamber to Charles I, and also to Charles II; he held the offices of Master of the Armories and Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance. He refused honours (a knighthood from Charles I and an earldom from Charles II), but his eldest son George was created Baron Dartmouth in 1682. He died October 13th, 1672, at his house in the Minories, and was buried in Trinity Church, Minories, where there is a monument to his memory. A portrait of Colonel Legge, by Huysman, is in the possession of the Earl of Dartmouth. There is an excellent life of Legge, by Mr. C. H. Firth, in the Dictionary of National Biography. ↩

  3361. Charles I and Henrietta Maria. ↩

  3362. Eleanor, daughter of Robert Needham, Viscount Kilmurrey, and widow of Peter Warburton, became in 1644 the second wife of John Byron, first Lord Byron. Died 1663. —⁠B. ↩

  3363. All these assertions respecting the King of France must be received cautiously. Pepys was very ignorant of foreign matters, and very credulous. —⁠B. ↩

  3364. Louis made his own bastards dukes and princes, and legitimatized them as much as he could, connecting them also by marriage with the real blood-royal. —⁠B. ↩

  3365. Louise Françoise de la Baume le Blanc de la Vallière had four children by Louis XIV, of whom only two survived-Marie Anne Bourbon, called Mademoiselle de Blois, born in 1666, afterwards married to the Prince de Conti, and the Comte de Vermandois, born in 1667. In that year (the very year in which Evelyn was giving this account to Pepys), the Duchy of Vaujour and two baronies were created in favour of La Vallière, and her daughter, who, in the deed of creation, was legitimatized, and styled princess. —⁠B. ↩

  3366. Even at a much later time Mrs. Godolphin well resolved “not to talk foolishly to men, more especially the King,”⁠—“be sure never to talk to the King” (Life, by Evelyn). These expressions speak volumes as to Charles’s character. —⁠B. ↩

  3367. Evelyn evidently believed the Duchess of Richmond to be innocent; and his testimony, coupled with her own declaration, ought to weigh down all the scandal which Pepys reports from other sources. —⁠B. ↩

  3368. Which she returned to the king. —⁠B. ↩

  3369. This lady’s name nowhere appears. She was the wife of the Hon. Walter Stewart, third son of Walter, first Lord Blantyre. The Duchess of Richmond, Frances Theresa, was her elder daughter. The younger, Sophia, married the Hon. Henry Bulkeley, master of the household to Charles II and James II. —⁠B. ↩

  3370. Cobham Hall, in Kent, after the attainder of Henry Brooke, Lord Cobham, was granted by James I to Ludovic Stuart, Duke of Lennox, and his brother George, Lord Aubigney, from whom it descended to Charles Stuart, Duke of Richmond and Lennox, in 1660. This duke dying, s. p., in 1672, when ambassador to Denmark, the estates, together with the English barony of Clifton, passed, through his sister. Lady Catherine O’Brien, to the ancestor of the Earl of Darnley, the present possessor. Lady Catherine O’Brien married Sir Joseph Williamson, who repurchased the Cobham estates, when sold, and preserved them to the family. —⁠B. ↩

  3371. Sir Thomas Clifford was the eldest son of Hugh Clifford, of Ugbrook, near Exeter, where he was born, August 1st, 1630. He attached himself to Lord Arlington, and acted as that statesman’s confidential agent when with the fleet. On April 22nd, 1672, he was created Baron Clifford, of Chudleigh, co. Devon; and he supplanted his patron when on November 28th following he was appointed Lord High Treasurer, an office which Arlington desired. He was ruined by the passing of the Test Act, and resigning his office, he retired to Devonshire, and died September, 1673, not without suspicion of suicide. ↩

  3372. See September 9th, 1665. ↩

  3373. “A sort of jacket called justacorps came into fashion in Paris about 1650. M. Quicherat informs us that a pretty Parisienne, the wife of a maître de comptes named Belot, was the first who appeared in it. In a ballad called ‘The New-made Gentlewoman,’ written in the reign of Charles II, occurs the line, ‘My justico and black patches I wear.’ Mr. Fairholt suggested that justico may be a corruption of juste au corps.”

    —⁠Planché’s Cyclopædia of Costume, vol. i, p. 318

    ↩

  3374. Experiments and Considerations Touching Colours was published by the Hon. Robert Boyle in 1664 (London). ↩

  3375. Jonas Shish, master builder at Deptford dockyard. See note 1752. ↩

  3376. Captain John Cox, master attendant at Deptford. ↩

  3377. Among the State Papers is an “Account by Captain J. Perriman of work doing on and the movements of 13 ships named, lying in the Thames,” dated April, 1667 (Calendar, 1667, p. 66). ↩

  3378. At the passage of the Dardanelles, in 1807, a stone shot, fired by the Turks from the Castle of Sestos, entered the Lion, of sixty-four guns, and killed and wounded a great many men. It weighed 770 pounds. —⁠B. ↩

  3379. See April 10th, 1667. ↩

  3380. James Stuart, second son of the Duke of York, born July 12th, 1663; created Duke of Cambridge, August 23rd, 1664; died June 20th, 1667. ↩

  3381. Lady Mary Boyle, fourth daughter of Richard, first Earl of Burlington, married to Viscount Hinchingbroke, 1668. ↩

  3382. Lawrence Hyde, afterwards Earl of Rochester, married Lady Henrietta Boyle, fifth daughter of the Earl of Burlington, 1665. ↩

  3383. Probably John Madden, surveyor of the woods on this side Trent (see Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 83). ↩

  3384. On the 1st of May milkmaids used to borrow silver cups, tankards, etc., to hang them round their milkpails, with the addition of flowers and ribbons, which they carried upon their heads, accompanied by a bagpipe or fiddle, and went from door to door, dancing before the houses of their customers, in order to obtain a small gratuity from each of them.

    “In London thirty years ago,
    When pretty milkmaids went about,
    It was a goodly sight to see
    Their Maiday pageant all drawn out.
    ⋮
    “Such scenes and sounds once blest my eyes
    And charm’d my ears; but all have vanish’d,
    On Maiday now no garlands go,
    For milkmaids and their dance are banish’d.”

    —⁠Hone’s Everyday Book, vol. i, pp. 569, 570

    Maiday customs have nearly died out, but the editor saw a jack-in-the-green with men dressed as milkmaids dancing round it on May 1st of the present year (1895) in one of the streets near Primrose Hill. There has been a great revival of Maiday decoration on carthorses within the last few years. ↩

  3385. The old house in Drury Lane where Nell Gwyn is believed to have lived was pulled down in 1891. It was situated on the west side of the lane, nearly opposite Wych Street. There is a view of it in Peter Cunningham’s Story of Nell Gwyn. ↩

  3386. William Garway, M.P. for Chichester (see note 2994). Timothy Littleton, or Lyttelton, Serjeant-at-Law, M.P. for Ludlow. ↩

  3387. John Egerton, second Earl of Bridgewater, Lord-Lieutenant of the counties of Bucks and Hertford, and High Steward of the University of Oxford. Died October 26th, 1686. ↩

  3388. The Earl of Southampton died May 16th, 1667. ↩

  3389. The second title of Shirley’s play of The Changes (see note 1425). ↩

  3390. Probably Craven. —⁠B. ↩

  3391. In reference to this passage, Mr. R. Jacomb Hood wrote to Notes and Queries (4th series, vol. xii, p. 471), as follows: “I have an old silver tankard, which has been in my family for several generations, and which, from the inscription upon it, seems to have been given by the king to Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey, who was murdered in 1678. The inscriptions show, not only that a tankard was given in 1665 for services during the Plague, but that the recipient was further knighted by the king in September, 1666, for his efforts to preserve order in the Great Fire. The tankard is quite plain, weighs 38 oz., and holds about two quarts.” Mr. Hood adds, however, that “the hall mark appears from the trade register to belong to the years 1675⁠–⁠76, i.e., at least eight years later than the notice by Pepys.” ↩

  3392. Margaret Lowther, afterwards the wife of Captain Sir John Holmes. —⁠B. ↩

  3393. Pepys’s conjecture proved right. The house was not sold till Sir R. Brookes’s death, when his heirs alienated it to Sir Josiah Child. Sir R. Child rebuilt it in 1715, and the Earl of Mornington took it down in 1823. ↩

  3394. John Troughtback (or Troutbeck) served as a surgeon in Lambert’s army, but joined Monk in Scotland in 1659. He was appointed chief-surgeon to the king in 1660, was also surgeon to the Duke of Albemarle’s troop of His Majesty’s Life Guard, and was granted in 1667 a pension of £200 a year for his services. He married in 1665 (second wife), Frances Wray, widow of Sir Christopher Wray, fourth baronet of Glentworth (Dalton’s English Army Lists, 1661⁠–⁠1714, vol. i, p. 3). ↩

  3395. William Ashburnham (died 1679). See note 3129. ↩

  3396. The lease here mentioned was that of the famous Ashburnham House in the Cloisters. The lease was purchased by the Crown of John, Earl of Ashburnham, in 1730, and the Cottonian Library was deposited in the house. In 1731 the disastrous fire occurred there which consumed so many treasures, and injured others. Ashburnham House passed to Westminster School in 1881 in fee simple, in pursuance of the Public Schools Act, 31 and 32 Vict., cap. 118. A view of the fine staircase, still existing in old Ashburnham House, is given in Britton and Brayley’s Public Buildings. ↩

  3397. Richard Busby, D.D. (1606⁠–⁠1695), the famous headmaster of Westminster School. In July, 1660, he was installed as Prebendary of Westminster, and in the following August he became canon residentiary and treasurer of Wells. It would be impossible to find a more inappropriate expression to apply to Busby than “devilish covetousness.” He was one of the most charitable of men; and as one instance of this out of many, Mr. J. Sargeaunt, Master at Westminster School, tells the editor that he finds from Busby’s accounts that between February, 1656⁠–⁠57, and the end of the following October, out of a total expenditure of about £670 more than £200 went in direct charity and in repairing the school buildings and the houses which he occupied as prebendary and master. In another year he spent at least a tenth of total expenditure in direct charity. Mr. Sargeaunt adds, “His benefactions to Christ Church were large, and to Wells Cathedral not small. Some works in the Abbey he did at his own expense, as well as works at Willen and in other places. By his will he left practically the whole of his property for charitable uses.” It must be remembered in respect to the Cofferer’s scandalous charge that buyer and seller are seldom of one mind, and that the Dean and Chapter of Westminster Abbey might quite justly take a different view from that held by William Ashburnham. ↩

  3398. Frith of Forth. See 5th of this month. ↩

  3399. Charles Dormer, second Earl of Carnarvon. Died, s. p., November 29th, 1709. His father, Robert, first earl, was killed at the battle of Newbury, September 20th, 1643, fighting under the royal banner. ↩

  3400. Burntisland, a seaport of Fife on the Frith of Forth, five miles north of Granton. April 30th, 1667:

    “The Dutch sounded the coast, but Gen. Dalziell cut the beacon at the extreme of Leith harbour, so that they were confused, and battered Burntisland with 1,000 shot, the town returned it from 20 pieces of cannon, and in less than two hours 10,000 were in arms at Burntisland, and as many at Leith, whither more than 6,000 citizens of Edinburgh are gone; the citadel is planted with 30 pieces of cannon, which fired to invite the enemy: the country came up in multitudes. The magistrates of Leith sunk a ship in the mouth of the harbour, and planted 20 cannon on high, whereby a fire-ship that tried to slip in was prevented. They are now gone, it is supposed to Shetland.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 62

    ↩

  3401. Commissioner Pett wrote from Chatham, on May 24th, to the Navy Commissioners in answer to some of these charges respecting the sale of timber (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 116). ↩

  3402. Phil. Lloyd styles himself servant to Sir William Coventry, April, 1667 (Calendar, 1667, p. 10). ↩

  3403. See note 2433.

    “One unpopular act of his [Clarendon] is not to be forgot, because it had a great influence in a short time, and this was the building a very stately large house by the Park, called Clarendon House, which, in a little time, obtained the name of Dunkirk House, as though it had been built by the money taken for the sale of that place. This house was built in the Chancellor’s absence in the plague year, principally at the charge of the Vintners’ Company, who, designing to monopolize his favour, made it abundantly more large and magnificent than ever he intended or desired. And I have been assured by an unquestionable hand, that when he came to see the case of that house, he rather submitted than consented, and, with a sigh, said, ‘This house will one day be my ruin.’ ”

    Echard, vol. iii, p. 192

    ↩

  3404. See note 3381. ↩

  3405. There are two tokens of “The Three Tuns Tavern in Crutched Friars” (Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 581). ↩

  3406. It was Basil who was killed. He was the fourth son of George Fielding, Earl of Desmond, whose eldest son William succeeded his father as second Earl of Desmond in 1666, and his uncle Basil as third Earl of Denbigh in 1675. ↩

  3407. At Newcastle House, Clerkenwell Close, the duke and duchess lived in great state. The house was divided, and let in tenements in the eighteenth century. ↩

  3408. Randle Holmes says the ladies wore “false locks set on wires, to make them stand at a distance from the head,” and accompanies the information with the figure of a lady “with a pair of locks and curls which were in great fashion in 1670” (Planché’s Cyclopædia of Costume, vol. i, p. 248). ↩

  3409. A new light is thrown upon this favourite expression of Pepys’s when speaking of his wife by the following quotation from a Midland wordbook:

    “Wretch, n., often used as an expression of endearment or sympathy. Old Woman to Young Master: ‘An’ ’ow is the missis today, poor wretch?’ Of a boy going to school a considerable distance off ‘I met ’im with a bit o’ bread in ’is bag, poor wretch’ ”

    A Glossary of Words and Phrases used in S.E. Worcestershire, by Jesse Salisbury. Published by the English Dialect Society, 1894

    ↩

  3410. Nova Scotia and the adjoining countries were called by the French Acadie. Pepys is not the only official personage whose ignorance of Nova Scotia is on record. A story is current of a prime minister (Duke of Newcastle) who was surprised at hearing Cape Breton was an island. “Egad, I’ll go tell the King Cape Breton is an island!” Of the same it is said, that when told Annapolis was in danger, and ought to be defended: “Oh! certainly Annapolis must be defended⁠—where is Annapolis?” —⁠B. ↩

  3411. Charles Stuart, third son of the Duke of York, born July 4th, 1666; created Duke of Kendal, October 31st, 1666; and died May 22nd, 1667. ↩

  3412. The passage between brackets is written in the margin of the MS. ↩

  3413. Alderman Sir John Frederick, elected M.P. for the City of London, March, 1662⁠–⁠63; Lord Mayor of London, 1662, and President of Christ’s Hospital. His eldest son, John, was created a baronet, 1723. ↩

  3414. The Mercers’ Company, under whose superintendence St. Paul’s School was placed by Dean Colet, the founder. The school remained in its old locality until 1880, when it was removed to West Kensington, and the schoolhouse pulled down. ↩

  3415. Lawrence Moyer, of Low Leyton, in Essex, whose son, of the same name, was afterwards Sir Samuel Moyer, Bart., and High Sheriff of Essex, in 1698. He had also been one of the Council of State. His widow, Rebecca, daughter of Alderman Sir William Joliffe, founded the well-known Lady Moyer’s Lectures. —⁠B. ↩

  3416. An error for Bedfordshire. The place was Hawnes, which belonged to the Lukes of Cople, who, about 1654, had sold it to Sir Humphrey Winch, from whom, and not directly from Sir Samuel Luke, Sir George Carteret purchased it in 1667. The son by this marriage was created Lord Carteret of Hawnes in 1681. —⁠B. ↩

  3417. Sir Samuel Luke, eldest son of Sir Oliver Luke, of Woodend, Beds. He belonged to the Presbyterian party, and appears to have been a stout soldier. He was referred to by a contemporary as “Great-spirited little Sir Samuel Luke.” He was knighted in 1624, and died in 1670; buried at Cople, in Beds., on the 30th August. His fame has been injured by the supposed fact that he was the hero of Hudibras. ↩

  3418. Izaac Walton’s Life of Mr. Richard Hooker, “London, by J. G. for Ric. Marriott,” was first published in 1665. ↩

  3419. Lady Vane was Frances, daughter of Sir Christopher Wray, Bart., of Ashby, Lincolnshire. —⁠B. ↩

  3420. Burnet says of Sir John Duncomb, that “he was a judicious man, but very haughty, and apt to raise enemies. He was an able Parliament man, but could not go into all the designs of the Court; for he had a sense of religion, and a zeal for the liberty of his country” (Own Time, vol. i, p. 437, ed. 1833). Duncomb’s removal from the Ordnance to the Treasury is not overlooked by Marvell (Works, vol. iii, p. 391):

    “Southampton dead, much of the treasure’s care
    And place in council fell to Duncomb’s share.
    All men admired, he to that pitch could fly,
    Powder ne’er blew man up so soon, so high;
    But, sure his late good husbandry in petre [saltpetre],
    Showed him to manage the Exchequer meeter
    And who the forts would not vouchsafe a corn,
    To lavish the King’s money more with scorn,
    Who hath no chimneys to give all is best;
    And ablest speaker who of law hath least.
    Who less estate for Treasurer most fit.
    And for a Chancellor he that has least wit.
    But the true cause was, that in’s brother May,
    Th’ exchequer might the privy-purse obey.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  3421. Commissioner Pett, in his communication to the Navy Commissioners (May 24th), states that “Murford and Moorcock went two-thirds in Newhall timber” (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 117). ↩

  3422. See January 23rd, 1666⁠–⁠67. ↩

  3423. During a very high flood in the meadows between Huntingdon and Godmanchester, something was seen floating, which the Godmanchester people thought was a black pig, and the Huntingdon folk declared it was a sturgeon; when rescued from the waters, it proved to be a young donkey. This mistake led to the one party being styled “Godmanchester black pigs,” and the other “Huntingdon sturgeons,” terms not altogether forgotten at this day. Pepys’s colt must be taken to be the colt of an ass. —⁠B. ↩

  3424. Mary, widow of Morgan Davis, Esq., the third wife of Alderman Robert Lowther, was the lady here referred to. —⁠B. ↩

  3425. According to Collins, Anthony Lowther had but one brother, John, a merchant at Danzig, and one of the Commissioners of Revenue in Ireland. See Collins, vol. v, p. 702. Anthony Lowther, who married Margaret Penn, was the son of Elizabeth, daughter of William Holcroft, Esq., second wife of Robert Lowther, of Marske, co. York, and Alderman of London, who died 1655. —⁠B. ↩

  3426. See March 2nd, 1666⁠–⁠67. ↩

  3427. St. Margaret’s. ↩

  3428. “. My little book in answer to Sir George Mackenzie was now published, entitled, Public Employment and an Active Life, with Its Appenages, Preferred to Solitude.”

    Evelyn’s Diary

    Soon afterwards Evelyn wrote to Cowley, the poet, and excused himself for writing in this strain, and in truth his opinions were divided on this question. ↩

  3429. At Bankside. ↩

  3430. If we are to credit the following paragraph, extracted from the Morning Post of May 2nd, 1791, the virtues of May dew were then still held in some estimation; for it records that “on the day preceding, according to annual and superstitious custom, a number of persons went into the fields, and bathed their faces with the dew on the grass, under the idea that it would render them beautiful” (Hone’s Every Day Book, vol. ii, p. 611). Aubrey speaks of May dew as “a great dissolvent” (Miscellanies, p. 183). —⁠B. ↩

  3431. The rectory of Wanstead, in Essex, to which he was presented. ↩

  3432. May 30th.

    “The duchess of Newcastle coming in, the experiments appointed for her entertainment were made: first that of weighing the air⁠ ⁠… ; next were made several experiments of mixing colours; then two cold liquors by mixture made hot; then the experiments of making water bubble up in the rarefying engine, by drawing out the air, and that of making an empty bladder swell in the same engine; then the experiment of making a body swim in the middle of the water; and that of two well-wrought marbles, which were not separated but by the weight of forty-seven pounds.”

    Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, p. 178

    ↩

  3433. This may either have been the wife or daughter of Alfonso Ferrabosco the younger or of John Ferrabosco. ↩

  3434. George, Lord Berkeley of Berkeley (created Earl of Berkeley in 1679), died October 10th, 1698. Charles Howard, first Earl of Carlisle, born 1629; died February 24th, 1685. William Seymour, third Duke of Somerset, born 1650; died December 12th, 1671. In the Paston MSS. he is described as “a youth of great beauty and hope.” ↩

  3435. Sir John Buncombe. See November 8th, 1664. Mr. J. Biddulph Martin says, “The assertion that Duncombe’s father had been a Long Parliament man is not confirmed by reference to the roll of the Long Parliament” (The Grasshopper in Lombard Street, 1892, p. 29). ↩

  3436. Pepys’s Private Accounts, made up to May 31st, 1667, are amongst the Rawlinson MSS., A. 174 (Bodleian). ↩

  3437. Robert Scawen, at one time Receiver-General for the office of Receiver-General for Hants, Wilts, and Gloucestershire. ↩

  3438. Sir William Penn was elected Master of the Trinity House, Monday, June 3rd, 1667. ↩

  3439. George Cavendish (1500⁠–⁠61?), elder son of Thomas Cavendish, Clerk of the Pipe in the Exchequer. He entered the service of Cardinal Wolsey in 1526 or 1527 as gentleman-usher, and remained with his master till the latter’s death, when he retired into private life, and lived quietly. He wrote the life of Wolsey in 1557, but it was not pubhshed, and remained long in MS. For some time there was uncertainty as to the authorship, and the book was attributed to William Cavendish. The question was settled in 1814, when the Rev. Joseph Hunter published his pamphlet entitled, Who Wrote Cavendish’s Life of Wolsey. Singer published the life in 1815, and a second edition appeared in 1827. It has since been frequently reprinted. ↩

  3440. The churchyard of St. Dunstan’s (Old Stepney Church) is referred to both in the Tatler and the Spectator. In the latter we read (No. 518), “I have made discovery of a churchyard in which I believe you might spend an afternoon with great pleasure to yourself and to the public.” ↩

  3441. Richard Watts, writing from Deale to Williamson, June 3rd, says:

    “Governor Titus of Deale Castle is said to have received a packet from Whitehall at 3 a.m. that the Duke of Beaufort, with 60 sail, is at the Isle of Wight, and the Dutch, with 40 sail, at the Gunfleet. Preparations are made to receive the enemy if they attempt to land.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 146

    ↩

  3442. It was called the Monmouth cock, which, according to The Spectator, No. 129, was still worn in the west of England by country squires in 1711:

    “During our progress through the most western parts of the kingdom, we fancied ourselves in King Charles the Second’s reign, the people having made little variations in their dress since that time. The smartest of the country squires appear still in the Monmouth cock.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  3443. Hydrostatical Paradoxes Made Out by New Experiments was published by the Hon. Robert Boyle in 1666 (Oxford). ↩

  3444. Captain Francis Courtenay wrote to the Navy Commissioners (Happy Return, Hope, June 3rd):

    “Hopes they will not account him too great an offender in stopping the incessant requests of some necessitated persons for relief of their families. Has granted tickets to 13 men named, and commends them to favour. Is setting sail with the Portugal Ambassador, who came on board this morning.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 147

    The Happy Return carried the Portuguese ambassador to Holland, and was back at Plymouth on the 14th June (Calendar, p. 187). ↩

  3445. This was Hollar’s map, published in 1644, and entitled, “The Kingdom of England and Principality of Wales, exactly described with every Sheere, and the small towns in every one of them, in six maps.” This is generally known as the Quartermasters’ map. ↩

  3446. The Visions of Quevedo, Made English by Roger l’Estrange, was published in 1668, and reprinted 1671, 1673, 1689, 1702, 1710, 1715, 1795. ↩

  3447. Grandson of Fretcheville Hollis, of Grimsby. His father, Gervase Hollis, the antiquary, most of whose collections came into the British Museum, was an officer in the king’s service. Sir Fretcheville Hollis, embracing the naval profession, lost an arm in the sea-fight of 1665, and afterwards served as Rear-Admiral under Sir Robert Holmes, when they attacked the Smyrna fleet. He fell in the battle of Southwold Bay, 1672, onboard the Cambridge. Although Pepys speaks slightly of him, he was a man of high spirit and enterprise, and is thus eulogized by Dryden in his Annus Mirabilis:

    “Young Hollis on a Muse by Mars begot,
    Born, Caesar-like, to write and act great deeds,
    Impatient to revenge his fatal shot,
    His right hand doubly to his left succeeds.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  3448. It was an ancient custom in Berkshire, when a man had beaten his wife, for the neighbours to parade in front of his house, for the purpose of serenading him with kettles, and horns and hand-bells, and every species of “rough music,” by which name the ceremony was designated. Perhaps the riding mentioned by Pepys was a punishment somewhat similar. Malcolm (Manners of London) quotes from the Protestant Mercury, that a porter’s lady, who resided near Strand Lane, beat her husband with so much violence and perseverance, that the poor man was compelled to leap out of the window to escape her fury. Exasperated at this virago, the neighbours made a “riding,” i.e. a pedestrian procession, headed by a drum, and accompanied by a chemise, displayed for a banner. The manual musician sounded the tune of “You round-headed cuckolds, come dig, come dig!” and nearly seventy coalheavers, carmen, and porters, adorned with large horns fastened to their heads, followed. The public seemed highly pleased with the nature of the punishment, and gave liberally to the vindicators of injured manhood. —⁠B. ↩

  3449. The Golden Hand was to have been used for the conveyance of the Swedish Ambassadors’ horses and goods to Holland. In August, 1667, Frances, widow of Captain Douglas and daughter of Lord Grey, petitioned the king “for a gift of the prize ship Golden Hand, now employed in weighing the ships sunk at Chatham, where her husband lost his life in defence of the ships against the Dutch” (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 430) ↩

  3450. That is, the blockhouse. There were formerly considerable fortifications at Gravesend, and about the year 1778 they were greatly extended under the superintendence of Sir Thomas Hyde Page; a few years since, however, a great portion was dismantled, the ground was sold, and the “Terrace Pier,” and other works ejusdem generis erected. —⁠B. ↩

  3451. An error for Sir John Griffith, Governor of Gravesend and captain of West Tilbury Blockhouse, who was knighted at Whitehall, January 2nd, 1665. His name appears in the State Papers almost as often as Griffin as Griffith. ↩

  3452. There had been correspondence with Pett respecting this chain in April and May. On the 10th May Pett wrote to the Navy Commissioners, “The chain is promised to be dispatched tomorrow, and all things are ready for fixing it.” On the 11th June the Dutch “got twenty or twenty-two ships over the narrow part of the river at Chatham, where ships had been sunk; after two and a half hours’ fighting one guard-ship after another was fired and blown up, and the enemy master of the chain” (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, pp. 58, 87, 215). ↩

  3453. The account of this national disgrace is very characteristic, in Poems on State Affairs, vol. i, p. 48, in the Advice to a Painter, ascribed to Sir John Denham. —⁠B. ↩

  3454. Samuel’s uncle William told him that William Pepys was born at Dunbar, in Scotland, brought up by the Abbot of Crowland, placed by him at Cottenham, and made “bailiff of all his lands in Cambridgeshire.” He died in 1519, leaving issue three sons and three daughters. There were, however, earlier Pepyses at Cottenham. ↩

  3455. Vandervelde’s drawings of the conflagration of the English fleet, made by him on the spot, are in the British Museum. —⁠B. ↩

  3456. Below London Bridge. ↩

  3457. After the Bank Restriction Act, in 1797, guineas were sold for 27s. —⁠B. ↩

  3458. On June 14th John Clapham wrote from Chatham a letter to Pepys describing the doings of the Dutch fleet (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 185). ↩

  3459. See July 28th, 1664, and January 11th, 1667. ↩

  3460. William Pierrepont, called “wise Pierrepont,” younger son of the first Earl of Kingston, and brother to the Marquis of Dorchester. His grandson, Robert, succeeded as third Earl of Kingston. —⁠B. ↩

  3461. See March 28th, 1664. ↩

  3462. See February 20th, 1664⁠–⁠65. Evelyn’s Diary, September 18th, 1683:

    “After dinner I walked to survey the sad demolition of Clarendon House, that costly and only sumptuous palace of the late Lord Chancellor Hyde.⁠ ⁠… The Chancellor gone, and dying in exile, the Earl his successor sold that which cost £50,000 building to the young Duke of Albemarle for £25,000.⁠ ⁠… He sold it to the highest bidder, and it fell to certain rich bankers and mechanics who gave for it and the ground about it £35,000; they design a new town, as it were, and a most magnificent piazza (i.e. square).”

    —⁠B. ↩

  3463. The want of ammunition when the Dutch burnt the fleet, and the revenge of the deserter sailors, are well described by Marvell:

    “Our Seamen, whom no danger’s shape could fright,
    Unpaid, refuse to mount their ships, for spite
    Or to their fellows swim, on board the Dutch,
    Who show the tempting metal in their clutch.
    Oft had he [Monk] sent, of Duncombe and of Legge,
    Cannon and powder, but in vain, to beg:
    And Upnor’s Castle’s ill-deserted wall,
    Now needful does for ammunition call,
    He finds, where’er he succour might expect,
    Confusion, folly, treachery, fear, neglect.”

    Instructions to a Painter

    —⁠B. ↩

  3464. Meaning, apparently, that the Ordnance would deliver the charcoal, sulphur, and saltpetre separately, but not mix them as gunpowder⁠—a distinction which has been brought prominently forward lately in the war-rocket case. —⁠B. ↩

  3465. Apparently Thomas Wilson, who was appointed gunner in Upnor Castle, July, 1667, “in consideration of his good service in defence of the river at Chatham against the late attempt of the Dutch” (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 322). ↩

  3466. “Pride, Lust, Ambition, and the People’s Hate,
    The kingdom’s broker, ruin of the State,
    Dunkirk’s sad loss, divider of the fleet,
    Tangier’s compounder for a barren sheet:
    This shrub of gentry, married to the crown,
    His daughter to the heir, is tumbled down.”

    Poems on State Affairs, vol. i, p. 253

    —⁠B. ↩

  3467. The report was not true. The Lord High Constable at the coronation of Charles II in 1661 was Algernon, Earl of Northumberland. The next holder of this office was Henry, Duke of Grafton, who officiated at the coronation of James II in 1685. ↩

  3468. William Bodham was attached to Woolwich Ropeyard. ↩

  3469. Probably the following prognostications amused Pepys and his friends:

    “The several lunations of this month do rather portend sea-fights, wars, etc., than give hopes of peace, particularly the several configurations do very much threaten Holland with a most strange and unusual loss at sea, if they shall dare to fight His Majesty’s forces. Still poor Poland is threatened either by the Muscovites or wandering Cossacks. Strange rumours dispersed in London, some vain people abuse His Majesty’s subjects with untruths and ill-grounded suggestions. Much division in London about building; perhaps that may occasion those vain and idle reports. Strange news out of Holland, as if all were in an uproar; we believe they are now in a sad and fearful condition.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  3470. Evelyn (Diary, July 29th, 1667) says it was owing to Sir W. Coventry that no fleet was sent out in 1667:

    “It is well known who of the Commissioners of the Treasury gave advice that the charge of setting forth a fleet this year might be spared. Sir W. C. (William Coventry) by name.”

    ↩

  3471. The Franakin was raised, and soon afterwards restored to its former state (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, pp. 401, 436). ↩

  3472. Caxton is a town in Cambridgeshire, nine and a half miles west of Cambridge. ↩

  3473. Richard Tyler. ↩

  3474. “June 17th. This day, Commissioner Pett, to whom was committed the care of the Yard at Chatham, with the afifairs of the Navy there, was committed close prisoner to the Tower, in order to his farther examination.”

    The London Gazette, No. 166

    “Warrants to [John] Bradley to seize [Peter] Pett, Commissioner at Chatham, and bring him to the Tower; and to the Lieutenant of the Tower to keep him close prisoner, for dangerous practices and misdemeanours.”

    dated June 16th, Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 196

    ↩

  3475. Pett was made a scapegoat. This is confirmed by Marvel:

    “After this loss, to relish discontent,
    Some one must be accused by Parliament;
    All our miscarriages on Pett must fall,
    His name alone seems fit to answer all.
    Whose counsel first did this mad war beget?
    Who all commands sold through the Navy? Pett.
    Who would not follow when the Dutch were beat?
    Who treated out the time at Bergen? Pett.
    Who the Dutch fleet with storms disabled met,
    And, rifling prizes, them neglected? Pett.
    Who with false news prevented the Gazette,
    The fleet divided, writ for Rupert? Pett.
    Who all our seamen cheated of their debt?
    And all our prizes who did swallow? Pett.
    Who did advise no navy out to set?
    And who the forts left unprepared? Pett.
    Who to supply with powder did forget
    Languard, Sheerness, Gravesend, and Upnor? Pett.
    Who all our ships exposed in Chatham net?
    Who should it be but the fanatick Pett?
    Pett, the sea-architect, in making ships,
    Was the first cause of all these naval slips.
    Had he not built, none of these faults had been;
    If no creation, there had been no sin
    But his great crime, one boat away he sent,
    That lost our fleet, and did our flight prevent.”

    Instructions to a Painter

    —⁠B. ↩

  3476. Clerk of the Council. ↩

  3477. The warrant of the Earl of Sandwich, appointing John Hart captain of the Revenge, September 13th, 1665, is among the loose papers in Rawlinson, A. 289. —⁠B. ↩

  3478. This was the earliest notice of the air so named that Mr. Willaim Chappell had come across. He was unable to discover the original words (Popular Music of the Olden Time, p. 518). ↩

  3479. He died on June 20th at Richmond. ↩

  3480. The Third Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England Concerning High Treason and Other Pleas of the Crown and Criminal Cases, by Sir Edward Coke; London, 1644, folio. ↩

  3481. “I shall draw towards a conclusion of this section with a case of very recent memory and of singular notoriety throughout the whole kingdom. I mean that of the conflagration of our ships by the Dutch (June, 1667) not many years past in the river of Chatham. There prevailed at that time an universal jealousy among the people that upon this occasion some sudden stop might be put upon the Exchequer, and thereupon the Bankers were exercised with restless solicitations for the speedy payment of their debts. The king for the sedation of these fears and apprehensions is advised (and to the eternal honour of the persons who gave the advice I write it) to issue forthwith his declaration (see the Declaration at the end of this treatise), to preserve inviolate the course of payments in the Exchequer, which was accordingly done.”

    The Case of the Bankers and their Creditors Stated and Examined; the third impression with additions amounting to a third part more than hath been at any time before printed, London, 1675, 8vo, pp. 105, 106

    This curious little work, written to show the enormity of shutting up the Exchequer, is composed by Thomas Turnor, as appears by the preliminary letter and by the postscript at the end. The “Declaration” alluded to, which was issued in 1667, is printed in pp. 135⁠–⁠137. —⁠Buckle’s Miscel. and Posth. Works, vol. ii, p. 215. —⁠M. B. ↩

  3482. Louis XIV was at this time in Flanders, with his queen, his mistresses, and all his Court. Turenne commanded under him. Whilst Charles was hunting moths at Lady Castlemaine’s, and the English fleet was burning, Louis was carrying on the campaign with vigour. Armentieres was taken on the 28th May; Charleroi on the 2nd June, St. Winox on the 6th, Fumes on the 12th, Ath on the 16th, Toumay on the 24th; the Escarpe on the 6th July, Courtray on the 18th, Audenarde on the 31st; and Lisle on the 27th August. —⁠B. ↩

  3483. See June 26th, post. ↩

  3484. See August 9th, post. ↩

  3485. The Commissioners for regulating the Duke of York’s affairs, in May, 1667, were John, Lord Berkeley of Stratton, Colonel Robert Werden, and Colonel Anthony Eyre. —⁠Household Book, at Audley-End. —⁠B. ↩

  3486. At Euston Hall, in Suffolk, on the borders of Norfolk, which afterwards came into the Grafton family by the marriage of the first duke with Lord Arlington’s only child. Among Pepys’s papers (Rawlinson, A. 195, fol. 58) is a document, entitled “Considerations touching the purchase of the Park and Woods near Euston, drawn and presented by Mr. Povy, as his advice to my Lord Arlington, at this time (Oct. 28, 1668) in treaty for the purchase of Euston.” —⁠B. ↩

  3487. Henry Oldenburgh, secretary to the Royal Society. The warrant for his arrest is dated June 20th, 1667. The warrant for his discharge is dated August 26th. ↩

  3488. A proclamation by the Privy Council “Concerning the Pay of the Navy and Army” was issued on June 25th, 1667, and a proclamation for “Reassembling of Parliament” on June 26th, 1667 (Bibliotheca Lindesiana, “Hand List of Proclamations,” vol. i, 1893). ↩

  3489. The Carterets appear to have mystified Pepys, who eagerly believed all that was told him. At this time Paris was notoriously unsafe, infested with robbers and beggars, and abominably unclean. Colbert had three daughters, of whom the eldest was just married when Pepys wrote, viz., Jean Marie Therese, to the Duc de Chevreuse, on the 3rd February, 1667. The second daughter, Henriette Louise, was not married to the Duc de St. Aignan till January 21st, 1671; and the third, Marie Anne, to the Duc de Mortemart, February 14th, 1679. Colbert himself was never made a duke. His highest title was Marquis de Seignelay. —⁠B. ↩

  3490. Richard Boyle, eldest son of the great Earl of Cork (1612⁠–⁠1698), succeeded his father as second Earl of Cork in 1643, created Baron Clifford of Lanesborough in 1644, and Earl of Burlington in 1664. ↩

  3491. See July 14th. ↩

  3492. See May 12th, 1665. ↩

  3493. Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick, Lord High Admiral 1643⁠–⁠45, 1648⁠–⁠49. ↩

  3494. See May 25th, 1660. Clarendon’s assertion that Batten was an “obscure fellow,” there quoted, is disputed by Professor Laughton in the Dictionary of National Biography. ↩

  3495. James, second Marquis of Douglas, and nephew to the Duke of Hamilton. —⁠B. ↩

  3496. “The bottom of the Royal James is got afloat, and those of the Loyal London and Royal Oak soon will be so. Many men are at work to put Sheerness in a posture of defence, and a boom is being fitted over the river by Upnor Castle, which with the good fortifications will leave nothing to fear.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 285

    ↩

  3497. The island near the entrance of the Zuyder Zee, on which Sir Robe Holmes had landed. See August 15th, 1666. —⁠B. ↩

  3498. The Thames. ↩

  3499. Muscle Bank, in the Medway. ↩

  3500. John Conny, writing to Williamson from Chatham, June 17th, 1667, says:

    “The Royal Charles is got away. The Dutch are all drawn down the river; there are not many within Sheerness, yet enough to secure their men, who are said to be fortifying the Ness. They have fired what they can of the ships sunk to prevent their approach, and cleared the river except weighing those vessels. The St. George is got afloat. Hopes this high water to recover the Monmouth, Rainbow, Triumph, Unicorn, and Henry.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 200

    ↩

  3501. See note 3130. ↩

  3502. Cabala, Mysteries of State, in Letters of the Great Ministers of King James and King Charles.⁠ ⁠… London, 1654, 4to; second edition, London, 1663, folio; third edition, London, 1691, folio. ↩

  3503. Captain William Upcher wrote to the Navy Commissioners on July 8th asking for the situation vacant by the death of John Tooker (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 276). ↩

  3504. A son of James Montague, of Lackham, third son of the first Earl of Manchester, by his wife, Mary, daughter of Sir R. Baynard, of Lackham, Wilts. —⁠B. ↩

  3505. Richard Browne, writing to Williamson from Aldeburgh, on July 2nd, says:

    “The Dutch fleet of 80 sail has anchored in the bay; they were expected to land, but they tacked about, and stood first northward and then southward, close by Orford lighthouse, and have now passed the Ness towards Harwich; they have fired no guns, but made false fires.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 258

    ↩

  3506. The Duke of Albemarle. ↩

  3507. See May 9th, 1667. ↩

  3508. Sir John Kelyng, King’s Serjeant, 1661; appointed a judge of the King’s Bench in 1663, and Chief Justice of the King’s Bench in 1665, and died at his house in Hatton Garden, May 9th, 1671. He was a very unpopular judge. ↩

  3509. Sir Joseph Sheldon, Alderman of Farringdon Without, Sheriff in 1666⁠–⁠67, and Lord Mayor, 1675⁠–⁠76. ↩

  3510. According to Smith’s Obituary, Gabriel Holmes was hanged on the 11th July, 1667, and buried in the new churchyard of St. Giles’s, Cripplegate. ↩

  3511. See May 9th, 1667. ↩

  3512. George Carteret, in 1681 created Baron Carteret of Hawnes, co. Bedford, in consideration of the eminent services rendered by his father and grandfather to Charles II. He married Lady Grace Granville, created Viscountess Carteret and Countess Granville in 1715. Their son John succeeded as second Baron Carteret in 1695, and as Earl Granville in 1744. ↩

  3513. See May 9th, 1667. ↩

  3514. Mary, Duchess of Richmond. See note 1380. ↩

  3515. Lord Buckhurst and Nell Gwyn, with the help of Sir Charles Sedley, kept “merry house” at Epsom next door to the King’s Head Inn (see Cunningham’s Story of Nell Gwyn, ed. 1892, p. 57) ↩

  3516. Alexander VII. He died May 22nd, 1667, N.S. (see note 3186). ↩

  3517. Of Clement IX, Giulio Rispogliosi, elected June 20th, 1667, N.S. He was succeeded by Clement X in 1670. ↩

  3518. See June 28th. ↩

  3519. See note 3515. ↩

  3520. He died at the beginning of December of this year. ↩

  3521. This was probably Richard Evelyn, of Woodcote Park, near Epsom, and his wife Elizabeth, daughter and heir of George Mynne, Esq., of Horton, in Epsom, both of which places belonged to her. —⁠B. ↩

  3522. Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of John Massingberd. George, Lord Berkeley, was created Earl of Berkeley in 1679. ↩

  3523. Charles, eldest son, K.B. 1661, summoned to parliament as Baron Berkeley of Berkeley, vitâ patris, 1689. Died 1710; having succeeded his father in the earldom, 1698. —⁠B. ↩

  3524. Thomas Pointer to Samuel Pepys (Hull, July 15th): “Capt. Hogg has brought in a great prize laden with Canary wine; also Capt. Reeves of the Panther, and the Fanfan, whose commander is slain, have come in with their prizes” (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 298). ↩

  3525. Grape wine was formerly largely made in England, and much of it was said to be of excellent quality. ↩

  3526. The wife of Balthazar St. Michel, Mrs. Pepys’s brother. —⁠B. ↩

  3527. Leigh, opposite to Sheerness. —⁠B. ↩

  3528. Reference has already been made to Andrew Marvell’s Instructions to a Painter, in which the unpaid English sailors are described as swimming to the Dutch ships, where they received the money which was withheld from them on their own ships. ↩

  3529. The angel coin was so called from the figure of the Archangel Michael in conflict with the dragon on the obverse. On the reverse was a representation of a ship with a large cross as a mast. The last angel coined was in Charles I’s reign, and the value varied from 6s. 8d. to 10s. ↩

  3530. See Lady Theresa Lewis’s Friends and Contemporaries of Lord Chancellor Clarendon; Illustrative of Portraits in His Gallery, 1852. 3 vols. 8vo. —⁠B. ↩

  3531. “Bilander. A small merchant vessel with two masts, particularly distinguished from other vessels with two masts by the form of her mainsail, which is bent to the whole length of her yard, hanging fore and aft, and inclined to the horizon at an angle of about 45°. Few vessels are now rigged in this manner, and the name is rather indiscriminately used.”

    Smyth’s Sailor’s Word-Book

    ↩

  3532. John Prowd. ↩

  3533. Dull, heavy, spiritless. ↩

  3534. Shellhaven, on the Essex coast, opposite to Cliffe, on the Kentish side. —⁠B. ↩

  3535. Tamkin, or tampion, the wooden stopper of a cannon placed in the muzzle to exclude water or dust. ↩

  3536. The Speaker was Sir Edward Turner. ↩

  3537. The peace was signed on the 31st. See August 9th, post. —⁠B. ↩

  3538. Created K.B. at Charles II’s coronation, and M.P. for Weymouth in several parliaments. He was the son of John Coventry, the eldest brother of Sir W. Coventry; and the outrage committed on his person, on the 21st December, 1670, by Sir Thomas Sandys, O’Bryan, and others, who cut his nose to the bone, gave rise to the passing of the Bill still known by the name of “The Coventry Act,” under which persons so offending were to suffer death. —⁠B. ↩

  3539. Charles owned only four children by Lady Castlemaine-Anne, Countess of Sussex, and the Dukes of Southampton, Grafton, and Northumberland. The last of these was born in 1665. The paternity of all her other children was certainly doubtful. See pp. 50, 52. ↩

  3540. Silas Taylor, writing to Williamson, July 25th, 1667, says:

    “Hearing the great guns from the Thames and knowing the Dutch stood that way, Sir Joseph Jordan resolved to make towards them with all the force he could muster, provided himself with 50 land-soldiers and what small vessels, frigates, and fire-ships were there, and set sail towards the Spitts, but could not get much beyond the Naze.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 325

    ↩

  3541. Thomas Page, James Jenifer, and George Coult petitioned the Navy Commissioners, September (?), 1667, for reimbursement of their expenses on the Lily. This ship was lent them as a privateer, and they fitted her up at their own expense, but on June 11th she was recalled as a man-of-war, and so continued till the peace (Calendar, 1667, p. 495). ↩

  3542. In De Foe’s History of the Plague, he imagines a like case:

    “Another ran about naked, except a pair of drawers about his waist, crying day and night, like a man that Josephus mentions, who cried, Woe to Jerusalem! a little before the destruction of that city. So this poor naked creature cried, O, the great and the dreadful God! and said no more, but repeated those words continually, with a voice and countenance full of horror, a swift pace, and nobody could ever find him to stop, or rest, or take any sustenance, at least that ever I could hear of. I met this poor creature several times in the streets, and would have spoke to him, but he would not enter into speech with me or any one else; but held on his dismal cries continually.”

    De Foe had probably heard of the Quaker. —⁠B. ↩

  3543. John Vaughan, M.P. for Cardiganshire. —⁠B. ↩

  3544. See November 26th, 1666. ↩

  3545. Baronet, of Sleaford, Lincolnshire, and one of the proposed Knights of the Royal Oak for that county. —⁠B. ↩

  3546. Sir Henry Bellasys, K.B., was member for Great Grimsby, in which seat he was succeeded by Sir Fretcheville Holies. ↩

  3547. Gilbert Sheldon. It is difficult to deal in a short note with such an infamous charge as this. It is impossible to leave it unnoticed, and yet to acknowledge it as one necessary to be refuted almost seems an insult to the archbishop’s memory. It will be observed that this is all pure gossip, and the mere scandal of those who hate to acknowledge that others are better than themselves. Archbishop Sheldon had bitter enemies, but there is no hint of immorality given by any of them. Professor Montagu Burrows has well vindicated Sheldon’s character in his valuable work on the Worthies of All Souls. He tells me that he overlooked the scandal recorded by Pepys, and therefore did not notice it in his book. He writes:

    “I know of nothing like a confirmation, nor did Pepys seem to have any proof whatever. In such cases we can only quote the character given by his friends and acquaintances, as you see I have done, without knowing this story. It is quite incredible.”

    ↩

  3548. Henry Glemham, D.D., installed Dean of Bristol, 1660. He was elected Bishop of St. Asaph, February 7th, 1666⁠–⁠67, and died January 17th, 1669⁠–⁠70. ↩

  3549. Lincoln was vacant by the translation of Benjamin Laney to Ely, on the 24th of May, previously. William Fuller, Bishop of Limerick, was elected Bishop of Lincoln on the 17th September following. —⁠B. ↩

  3550. Dr. Edward Rainbow was Bishop of Carlisle from 1664 to 1684. —⁠B. ↩

  3551. Edward Pepys, of Broomsthorpe, who married Elizabeth Walpole. The author’s own wife could not be included amongst the plain women whom the Pepyses married?⁠—it is otherwise well for his domestic peace that he wrote in cipher. —⁠B. ↩

  3552. Henry Jermyn, created Baron Dover of Dover in 1685, and Earl of Dover by James II in 1689. ↩

  3553. Mary, Countess of Falmouth, remarried Charles, Lord Buckhurst, afterwards the sixth Earl of Dorset. Jermyn married Jane, daughter of Sir Edward Foley. ↩

  3554. John Egerton, second Earl of Bridgewater. ↩

  3555. Edward, second Earl of Manchester. ↩

  3556. See 27th of this month. ↩

  3557. In the play of Epicene, or the Silent Woman, Mrs. Otter thus addresses her henpecked husband, Thomas Otter⁠—

    “Is this according to the instrument when I married you, that I would be princess and reign in my own house, and you would be my subject, and obey me?”

    act ii, scene 1

    —⁠B. ↩

  3558. The Lord Mayor’s Banqueting House, where the Lord Mayor and Corporation dined after their periodical visits to the Bayswater and Paddington conduits and the Conduit Head adjacent to the Banqueting House. Stratford Place, Oxford Street, was built on the site about 1775. ↩

  3559. King Edward VI, on June 28th, 1 Edw. VI, granted the “House of Neate” to Sir Anthony Browne. Stow’s Continuators describe this place as “a parcel of houses taken up by gardeners for planting of asparagus,” etc. They were situated on the low ground by the Thames side west of Vauxhall Bridge. The ground was raised by the transportation of the soil from St. Katherine’s when the docks were made, and now the parish of St. Gabriel’s, Pimlico, occupies the site of the Neat Houses. ↩

  3560. Within the hollow of the trunk of Sir Philip Sidney’s oak at Penshurst, celebrated by several of our poets, was a seat which contained five or six persons with ease and convenience. Pepys probably means a summerhouse erected in the branches. A few years since one existed near Beckenham, in Kent. —⁠B. ↩

  3561. Evelyn heard Signor Francisco play on the harpsichord on December 2nd, 1674. He wrote that the signor was “esteemed one of the most excellent masters in Europe on that instrument” (Diary). ↩

  3562. “Sept. 6, 1667. John Clarke to James Hickes. A vessel arrived from Harwich brings news that the English lost 600 to 700 men in the attempt on St. Christopher; that Sir John Harman was not then there, but going with 11 ships, and left a ketch at Barbados to bring more soldiers after him; that the ketch met a French sloop with a packet from St. Christopher to their fleet at Martinico, and took her, whereupon Sir John Harman sailed there and fell upon their fleet of 27 sail, 25 of which he sank, and burnt the others, save two which escaped; also that he left three of his fleet there, and went with the rest to Nevis, to make another attempt on St. Christopher.

    Calendar of State Payers, 1667, p. 447

    ↩

  3563. A comedy by James Shirley, apparently acted at the Cockpit in 1625, but not published till 1667. ↩

  3564. The peace was signed at Breda on the 31st July. There were three separate acts, or instruments⁠—the first, between France and England, by which D’Estrades and Courtin agreed that all conquests made during the war should be mutually restored; the second, between England and Denmark; the third, between England and Holland. In this last it is to be observed that England retained the right of the flag. —⁠B. ↩

  3565. “. Hope. Sir Edward Spragg to Williamson. It was his misfortune to go to London the Monday before the action in the Hope, on the King’s affairs. Left directions with his lieutenant to carry his flag if he found opportunity of doing service, but if not, and if he retired, to strike it, which he very well observed; the gentleman that writes the Gazette has made a greater lie than the first, perhaps by the malice of some that durst not nor would do what the writer did. Was two hours aboard before he came to anchor, and then did so within gunshot of the enemy. Is sure he did the King and country service, and had he been one of the King’s rebels, it would not have been forgotten. Gave many broadsides, and pressed them so much that he obliged them to quit and fire one of their fireships. Has come with his great squadron into the Hope, and brought a Swedish ship laden with deals, which the enemy quitted when pursued, taking their men out.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 351

    ↩

  3566. To Herringman’s, at the Blue Anchor, in the Lower Walk of the New Exchange. He published Mrs. Phillips’s Poems, Cowley’s Poems, Davenant’s Works, and was the great predecessor of Jacob Tonson. He died rich, and is buried under a handsome monument at Chislehurst, in Kent —⁠B. ↩

  3567. The manuscript of Sprat’s History of the Royal Society was seen by Oldenburgh in 1664, but the book was not presented to the society till the meeting of October 10th, 1667, when Dr. Wilkins submitted it (see August 16th, 1667). The Rev. Thomas Sprat, D.D., became Dean of Westminster in 1683 and Bishop of Rochester in 1684. He held both preferments till his death, May 20th, 1713 (when he was aged seventy-six). He was buried in the abbey. ↩

  3568. Catherine Fowler, wife of James Phillips, of Cardigan, and once celebrated as a distinguished poetess; best known as “the matchless Orinda.” She died at the early age of thirty-three in 1664; but the praise of her contemporaries has not been sufficient to preserve her works from oblivion. —⁠B. ↩

  3569. The collected edition of Denham’s poems is dated 1668. The verses referred to are inscribed “To Sir John Mennis being invited from Calice to Bologne to eat a pig,” and two of the lines run:

    “Little Admiral John
    To Bologne is gone.”

    This occurrence took place before the Restoration. ↩

  3570. We have here a striking instance of the slow communication of intelligence. Cowley died on the 28th of July, at Chertsey; and Pepys, though in London, and at all times a great newsmonger, did not learn till the 10th of August that so distinguished a person was dead. Evelyn says that he attended Cowley’s funeral on the 3rd of August, and the Registers of Westminster Abbey corroborate his statement (Chester’s Westminster Abbey Registers, p. 166). Cowley’s corpse lay in state at Wallingford House, then the residence of the Duke of Buckingham. —⁠B. ↩

  3571. William, sixth Baron Sandys of the Vine. ↩

  3572. Robert Cecil, the first Earl of Salisbury. ↩

  3573. Flagellum: or the History of the Life and Death, Birth and Burial of Oliver Cromwell, the late Usurper, by J[ames] H[eath], Gent. London, 1663, 4to, and frequently reprinted. ↩

  3574. The Discovery of Witchcraft, by Reginald Scot, Esq. London, 1584, 4to; second edition, 1651; third edition, 1665. ↩

  3575. Dr. George Morley. ↩

  3576. See May 23rd, 1661. ↩

  3577. A bleacher of linen. “The whitsters of Datchet Mead” are referred to by Mrs. Ford (Merry Wives of Windsor, act iii, sc. 3). ↩

  3578. Died August 6th, 1674. There is a monument to Sir Philip Frowde in Bath Abbey Church. See June 6th, 1666. ↩

  3579. See October 27th, 1661. ↩

  3580. Downes says that the duke gave this comedy to Dryden, who adapted it to the stage; but it is entered on the books of the Stationers Company as the production of his grace. —⁠B. ↩

  3581. See 10th of this month. ↩

  3582. 1588. ↩

  3583. Pepys here, as elsewhere, took the second title of the piece, as, perhaps, it appeared in the bills of the day. He alludes to the revival of a play by Thomas Heywood, originally printed in 1605, under the title of If You Know Not Me, You Know Nobody, or the Troubles of Queen Elizabeth, which especially relates to the defeat of the Armada in 1588. It was so popular that it went through eight or nine early editions. In 1667 it was no doubt brought out with some alterations, but probably not printed. —⁠B. ↩

  3584. John Bide, brewer, Sheriff of London in 1647. —⁠B. ↩

  3585. The church of St. Catherine Cree, having escaped the Fire, was resorted to by the Corporation after the destruction of St. Paul’s and so many other ecclesiastical edifices; and Pepys probably expected to see alterations made for their accommodation. —⁠B. ↩

  3586. Betty Turner, who is frequently mentioned after this date, appears to have been a daughter of Serjeant John Turner and his wife Jane, and younger sister of Theophila Turner (see January 4th, 6th, 1668⁠–⁠69). ↩

  3587. John Thompson was vicar of St. Dunstan’s-in-the-West from 1662 to 1677, in which year he died. ↩

  3588. Sir William Coventry’s proposal for reducing the charge of the navy was adopted by the king in council on March 16th, 1668⁠–⁠69. The order and the proposal are printed from the “Warrant Books” in Penn’s Memorials of Sir William Penn, vol. ii, p. 527. ↩

  3589. Whittlebury Forest, Northamptonshire. ↩

  3590. This could scarcely be the famous John Blow, as he would then have been nineteen years of age. ↩

  3591. Shooting the men was rather more than “a show of severity.” —⁠B. ↩

  3592. The post of Master Falconer was afterwards granted to Charles’s son by Nell Gwyn, and it is still held by the Duke of St. Albans, as an hereditary office. —⁠B. ↩

  3593. Nell Gwyn agreed with Pepys that serious parts were unsuited to her. In an Epilogue to the tragedy of the Duke of Lerma, spoken by her, occur these lines:

    “I know you, in your hearts,
    Hate serious plays⁠—as I hate serious parts.”

    and in the Epilogue to Tyrannical Love:

    “I die
    Out of my calling in a tragedy.”

    ↩

  3594. Orange Moll, of the King’s Playhouse. ↩

  3595. So much of London was yet in ruins. —⁠B. ↩

  3596. The “boot” was originally a projection on each side of the coach, where the passengers sat with their backs to the carriage. Such a “boot” is seen in the carriage containing the attendants of Queen Elizabeth, in Hoefnagel’s well-known picture of Nonsuch Palace, dated 1582. Taylor, the Water Poet, the inveterate opponent of the introduction of coaches, thus satirizes the one in which he was forced to take his place as a passenger: “It wears two boots and no spurs, sometimes having two pairs of legs in one boot; and oftentimes against nature most preposterously it makes fair ladies wear the boot. Moreover, it makes people imitate sea-crabs, in being drawn sideways, as they are when they sit in the boot of the coach.” In course of time these projections were abolished, and the coach then consisted of three parts, viz., the body, the boot (on the top of which the coachman sat), and the baskets at the back. ↩

  3597. See note 3650 on introduction of glass coaches. ↩

  3598. See August 9th. ↩

  3599. In the parish of Fulham, Middlesex. ↩

  3600. His waterman. ↩

  3601. See April 8th, 1667. ↩

  3602. Charles Hart, great-nephew of Shakespeare, a favourite actor. He is credited with being Nell Gwyn’s first lover (or Charles I, as the wits put it), and with having brought her on the stage. He died of stone, and was buried at Stanmore Magna, Middlesex, where he had a country house. ↩

  3603. Lord Buckhurst’s liaison with Nell Gwyn probably came to an end about this time. We learn from Pepys that in January, 1667⁠–⁠68, the king sent several times for Nelly (see January 11th, 1667⁠–⁠68). Nell’s eldest son by Charles II, Charles Beauclerc, was not born till May 8th, 1670. He was created Earl of Burford in 1676 and Duke of St. Albans in 1684. ↩

  3604. William Chiffinch (see note 2814 and note 3072). ↩

  3605. Deputy-Governor of Tangier. ↩

  3606. See note 2414. ↩

  3607. Clarendon refers to this scene in the continuation of his Life (ed. 1827, vol. iii, p. 291), and Lister writes:

    “Lady Castlemaine rose hastily from her noontide bed, and came out into her aviary, anxious to read in the saddened air of her distinguished enemy some presage of his fall.”

    Life of Clarendon, vol. ii, p. 412

    ↩

  3608. William Barker, who married Martha, daughter of William Turner, and widow of Daniel Williams. His son William was created a baronet in 1676. —⁠B. ↩

  3609. Colonel Robert Werden afterwards held office under James II and Queen Mary, and obtained the rank of major-general. His eldest son, John, was created a baronet in 1672. See note 3485. ↩

  3610. The well-known story, first told by Boccaccio, then by Petrarca, afterwards by Chaucer, and which has since become proverbial. Tom Warton, writing about 1770, says, “I need not mention that it is to this day represented in England, on a stage of the lowest species, and of the highest antiquity: I mean at a puppet show” (Hist. of English Poetry, sect. xv). —⁠B. ↩

  3611. Sir Orlando Bridgman (1608⁠–⁠1674) was appointed Lord Keeper on August 30th, but no successor was appointed to take his place at the Common Pleas till May, 1668, when Sir John Vaughan became Chief Justice. During the interval Bridgman filled both offices. ↩

  3612. Sir Geofifrey Palmer continued to hold the office of Attorney-General until 1670. ↩

  3613. Sir Heneage Finch also continued as Solicitor-General till 1670, when he was succeeded by Sir Edward Turner. ↩

  3614. In a service which Lock wrote for the Chapel Royal he set each response to the commandments in a different way. He published his setting with a preface, in which he abused those who disapproved of his innovation, under the title, “Modern Church Music, Pre-accused, Censured and Obstructed in its Performance before his Majesty, April 1st, 1666. Vindicated by the Author, Matt. Lock, Composer-in-Ordinary to His Majesty.” ↩

  3615. The point laces of Genoa, which were so much prized in the seventeenth century, were all the work of the pillow (Planché’s Cyclopædia of Costume, Lace). ↩

  3616. See note 2795. ↩

  3617. Hugh May. ↩

  3618. A small variety of pear.

    “For streaks of red were mingled there
    Such as are on a Catherine pear,
    The side that’s next the sun.”

    Suckling

    ↩

  3619. See April 29th, 1667. ↩

  3620. Captain Thomas Cooke was master of the Tennis Court at Whitehall, which probably was a reproduction of the one at Hampton Court (Julian Marshall’s Annals of Tennis, 1878, p. 88). ↩

  3621. The officers of the Navy Board. ↩

  3622. Lord Rochester wrote:

    “His very dog at council board
    Sits grave and wise as any lord.”

    Poems, 1697, p. 150

    The king’s dogs were constantly stolen from him, and he advertised for their return. Some of these amusing advertisements are printed in Notes and Queries (seventh series, vol. vii, p. 26). ↩

  3623. Evidently a Hortus siccus. —⁠B. ↩

  3624. John Guillim (1565⁠–⁠1621) published in 1610 his famous work, entitled, A Display of Heraldry, which went through many editions. It has been asserted that Guillim’s work was really written by the Rev. John Barkham, but assertions of this character are usually untrustworthy, and an inspection of Guillim’s manuscript has proved that the charge is unjust. See Dict. of Nat. Biog. (John Barkham and John Guillim). Scott well represents the use made of the Heraldry in many families, when he says old Sir Hildebrand Osbaldiston took up Guillim for Sunday reading. ↩

  3625. This was most likely Francis Cresset, a Shropshire gentleman, whose father and brother had fallen in the king’s service during the Civil War, and he was on that account strongly recommended to Charles II at the Restoration (Kennet’s Register). —⁠B. ↩

  3626. Nova Scotia is rich in minerals. The coalfields are valuable and productive, and there are immense deposits of bituminous shale. Gold is found in workable quantities, and iron abounds. Veins of copper, silver, lead, and galena also exist. ↩

  3627. Henry Hyde, Viscount Cornbury, born June 2nd, 1638, eldest son of Lord Chancellor Clarendon, to whose title he succeeded in 1674. He was made Lord Privy Seal on the accession of James II, and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in December, 1685. He died 1709. ↩

  3628. A vestige of the old custom of tasting, or assay. —⁠B. ↩

  3629. Master of the Ceremonies from 1641 to 1686, when he resigned in favour of his son. —⁠B. ↩

  3630. Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Beaumont, of Staughton in Leicestershire, widow of Sir John Ashburnham, and mother of John Ashburnham and William Ashburnham, the Cofferer, remarried Sir Thomas Richardson, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas. She was, in 1629, created Baroness Cramond, in Scotland, for her life only, with remainder to the heirs male of her second husband by a former wife. No reason is assigned for this strange limitation of the patent. ↩

  3631. This anecdote is confirmed in Chief Justice Treby’s Notes to Dyer’s Reports, folio edition, p. 188, b.

    “Richardson, Ch. Just, de C. Banc, al Assises at Salisbury, in summer 1631, fuit assault per prisoner la condemne pur felony; que puis son condemnation, ject un brickbat a le dit Justice, qui narrowly mist; et pur ceo immediately fuit indictment drawn, per Noy [the Attorney General], envers le prisoner, et son dexter manus ampute, and fix at gibbet, sur que luy meme immediatement hange in presence de Court.”

    The Chief Justice happened to be leaning low on his elbow when the stone was thrown, so it flew too high, and only took off his hat. Soon after, some friends congratulating him on his escape, he replied (as his fashion was to make a jest of everything), “If I had been an upright Judge, I had been slain.” —⁠Thoms’s Anecdotes and Traditions. —⁠B. ↩

  3632. In 1652. See an account of it in Clarendon’s History of the Rebellion, book xiii, and of Sir John Berkeley’s part in the matter, to which he is said to have owed his peerage. —⁠B. ↩

  3633. Francis Chaplin, cloth-worker, son of Robert Chaplin of Bury St. Edmund’s; Sheriff of London in 1668, knighted, Alderman of Vintry Ward, and Lord Mayor in 1677. ↩

  3634. The Ungrateful Lovers is an odd title; and no play of that name has been traced. It probably is intended for Davenant’s Unfortunate Lovers, first published in 1643. ↩

  3635. George Villiers, fourth Viscount Grandison, and younger brother of Lady Castlemaine’s father, who had died without issue male. —⁠B. ↩

  3636. This play, which was called Greene’s Tu Quoque, or the City Gallant, on account of the celebrity of the actor, Thomas Greene, in the part of Bubble, was written by John Cooke, and first printed in 1614, having been edited by the well-known dramatist, Thomas Heywood. It is reprinted in all the editions of Dodsley’s Old Plays. ↩

  3637. Edgar Stuart, fourth son of James, Duke of York, born September 14th, 1667; created Baron of Dantrey and Earl and Duke of Cambridge, October 7th. He was the third son of James who had borne the title of Duke of Cambridge, and died June 8th, 1671. ↩

  3638. Nothing is known of this play except what is told us by Pepys. ↩

  3639. These three persons were members of the late Music Society, in the Old Jewry, to whom Playford dedicated his Catch That Catch Can; or the Metrical Companion. Some of Wallington’s compositions are in that work, and in a collection called New Ayres and Dialogues, Composed for Voices and Viols. London, 1678, 8vo. —⁠B. ↩

  3640. The Hon. Robert Boyle’s work, entitled, Some Considerations Touching the Style of the Holy Scriptures, was published in 1661, and a fourth edition appeared in 1675. It was translated into Latin, and the translation published at Oxford in 1665, Cogitationes de S. Scripturæ stylo. ↩

  3641. Henry, Lord Herbert, only son of Edward, second Marquis of Worcester, whom he succeeded in the title in April, 1667. He was created Duke of Beaufort on December 2nd, 1682, and died January 21st, 1699. He refused to take the oaths under William III. ↩

  3642. At Herringman’s. See August 10th, 1667, ante. ↩

  3643. Sir Samuel Morland’s first wife, Susanne, daughter of Daniel de Milleville, Baron of Boissay in Normandy, whom he married in 1657. ↩

  3644. The Flying Greyhound is frequently mentioned in the Calendar of State Papers. ↩

  3645. Winchcombe St. Peter, a market-town in Gloucestershire. Tobacco was first cultivated in this parish, after its introduction into England, in 1583, and it proved, a considerable source of profit to the inhabitants, till the trade was placed under restrictions. The cultivation was first prohibited during the Commonwealth, and various acts were passed in the reign of Charles II for the same purpose. Among the king’s pamphlets in the British Museum is a tract entitled Harry Hangman’s Honour, or Glostershire Hangman’s Request to the Smokers and Tobacconists of London, dated June 11th, 1655. The author writes: “The very planting of tobacco hath proved the decay of my trade, for since it hath been planted in Glostershire, especially at Winchcomb, my trade hath proved nothing worth.” He adds: “Then ’twas a merry world with me, for indeed before tobacco was there planted, there being no kind of trade to employ men, and very small tillage, necessity compelled poor men to stand my friends by stealing of sheep and other cattel, breaking of hedges, robbing of orchards, and whatnot.” ↩

  3646. All Mistaken; or, the Mad Couple, a comedy by the Hon. James Howard, published in 1672. Hart and Nell Gwyn acted Philidor and Mirida, the mad couple. ↩

  3647. The tract alluded to was called A True and Faithful Account of the several Informations exhibited to the Honourable Committee appointed by the Parliament to enquire into the late dreadful burning of the City of London, 1667. Reprinted in the Antiquarian Repertory, vol. i, p. 123. —⁠B. ↩

  3648. Lord Ashley (afterwards Earl of Shaftesbury) resided in a house on the east side of Aldersgate Street, which was built by Inigo Jones for the Earl of Thanet, and was long known as Thanet House. ↩

  3649. Margaret, sixth daughter of William, second Lord Spencer of Wormleighton, was third wife of Lord Ashley. She died 1694. Dugdale mistakenly styles her his second wife. ↩

  3650. “Coaches with glasses were then a late invention, the ladies were afraid of being shut up in them: they greatly preferred the pleasure of showing almost their whole persons to the conveniences of modern coaches.”

    Grammont Memoirs, chap. vii

    ↩

  3651. Sir William Armorer, Equerry to the King. ↩

  3652. See July 29th. ↩

  3653. John, Lord Robartes. See August 21st, 1660. ↩

  3654. This remarkable fact is confirmed by Evelyn, in a letter to Sir Samuel Tuke, September 27th, 1666. See Correspondence, vol. iii, p. 345, edit. 1879. ↩

  3655. The Sea Voyage, a play borrowed from Shakespeare’s Tempest, and first acted in 1622. Published in Beaumont and Fletcher’s Comedies and Tragedies, 1647. ↩

  3656. John Napier or Neper (1550⁠–⁠1617), laird of Merchiston (now swallowed up in the enlarged Edinburgh of today, although the old castle still stands), and the inventor of logarithms. He published his Rabdologiæ seu numerationis per virgulas libri duo in 1617, and the work was reprinted and translated into Italian (1623) and Dutch (1626). In 1667 William Leybourn published The Art of Numbering by Speaking Rods, Vulgarly Termed Napier’s Bones. ↩

  3657. Mrs. Knight, a celebrated singer and mistress of Charles II. There is in Waller’s Poems a song sung by her to the queen on her birthday. In her portrait, engraved by Faber, after Kneller, she is represented in mourning, and in a devout posture before a crucifix. Evelyn refers to her singing as incomparable, and adds that she had “the greatest reach of any English woman; she had been lately roaming in Italy, and was much improv’d in that quality” (Diary, December 2nd, 1674). ↩

  3658. He succeeded Sir Henry Bellassis, who had been returned for Grimsby on the death of Sir Adrian Scrope, and who had been killed in the duel with Porter. ↩

  3659. Lincoln was a stable-keeper in Cow Lane. ↩

  3660. About this time Captain John Brooke and Captain William Rand were Masters Attendant at Chatham. ↩

  3661. In Spain. ↩

  3662. See August 14th. ↩

  3663. Tarugo’s Wiles, or, the Coffee House, a comedy by Thomas St. Serfe; printed in 1668. Great part of the plot is founded on the Spanish comedy, No puede ser. See the Earl of Dorset’s lines on this play, printed in his Works. ↩

  3664. See note 2239. ↩

  3665. Dinah Dunster wrote to the Navy Commissioners, September 13th, 1667, asking them “to send somebody to look after the Maybolt galliot, her husband the late master being dead, and the mate and seamen sick” (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 461). Captain Henry Southwood was in command of the Maybolt in November, 1667 (Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, pp. 31, 37). ↩

  3666. Bishops Stortford, a town of some antiquity in Hertfordshire, 32¼ miles N.N.E. of London. ↩

  3667. Elizabeth Aynsworth, here mentioned, was a noted procurerss at Cambridge, banished from that town by the university authorities for her evil courses. She subsequently kept the Rein Deer Inn at Bishops Stortford, at which the Vice-Chancellor, and some of the heads of colleges, had occasion to sleep, in their way to London, and were nobly entertained, their supper being served off plate. The next morning their hostess refused to make any charge, saying, that she was still indebted to the Vice-Chancellor, who, by driving her out of Cambridge, had made her fortune. No tradition of this woman has been preserved at Bishops Stortford; but it appears, from the register of that parish, that she was buried there 26th of March, 1686. It is recorded in the History of Essex, vol. iii, (p. 130) 8vo, 1770, and in a pamphlet in the British Museum, entitled, Boteler’s Case, that she was implicated in the murder of Captain Wood, a Hertfordshire gentleman, at Manuden, in Essex, and for which offence a person named Boteler was executed at Chelmsford, September 10th, 1667, and that Mrs. Aynsworth, tried at the same time as an accessory before the fact, was acquitted for want of evidence; though in her way to the jail she endeavoured to throw herself into the river, but was prevented. See May 25th, 1668. —⁠B. ↩

  3668. From the Duke of Newcastle’s play, which was altered and prepared for the stage by Dryden. ↩

  3669. Mr. George T. Robinson, F.S.A., in a paper on Decorative Plaster Work, read before the Society of Arts in April, 1891, refers to the ceilings at Audley End as presenting an excellent idea of the state of the stuccoer’s art in the middle of James I’s reign, and adds,

    “Few houses in England can show so fine a series of the same date.⁠ ⁠… The great hall has medallions, in the square portions of the ceiling formed by its dividing timber beams. The large saloon on the principal floor⁠—a room about 66 feet long by 30 feet wide⁠—has a very remarkable ceiling of the pendentive type, which presents many peculiarities, the most notable of which, that these not only depend from the ceiling, but the outside ones spring from the walls in a natural and structural manner. This is a most unusual circumstance in the stucco work of the time, the reason for the omission of this reasonable treatment evidently being the unwillingness of the stuccoer to omit his elaborate frieze in which he took such delight.”

    Journal Soc. of Arts, vol. xxxix, p. 449

    ↩

  3670. This portrait of Henry VIII, and many other pictures formerly at Audley-End, passed into the hands of the Skeffington family; they were dispersed at the auction at Skeffington Hall, many years ago (see Nichols’s Leicestershire). —⁠B. ↩

  3671. Mr. George T. Robinson, F.S.A., in a paper on Decorative Plaster Work, read before the Society of Arts in April, 1891, refers to the ceilings at Audley End as presenting an excellent idea of the state of the stuccoer’s art in the middle of James I’s reign, and adds, “Few houses in England can show so fine a series of the same date⁠ ⁠… The great hall has medallions in the square portions of the ceiling formed by its dividing timber beams. The large saloon on the principal floor-a room about 66 feet long by 30 feet wide-has a very remarkable ceiling of the pendentive type, which presents many peculiarities, the most notable of which, that these not only depend from the ceiling, but the outside ones spring from the walls in a natural and structural manner. This is a most unusual circumstance in the stucco work of the time, the reason for the omission of this reasonable treatment evidently being the unwillingness of the stuccoer to omit his elaborate frieze in which he took such delight” (Journal Soc. of Arts, vol. xxxix, p. 449) ↩

  3672. John Howarth, D.D., Prebendary of Peterborough and Master of Magdalene, was Vice-Chancellor, 1666⁠–⁠67. ↩

  3673. She became the wife of Sir Richard Edgecumbe, and by him had a son, Richard, created an English baron in 1742. She married, secondly, the Hon. Christopher Montagu, elder brother of Charles, Lord Halifax. —⁠B. ↩

  3674. A low bedstead moving on wheels or castors, which ran in under the principal bed.

    “With a chain and a trundle-bed following at th’ heels,
    And will they not cry then, the world runs a-wheels?”

    Ben Jonson’s Vision of Delight

    The same as truckle bed. ↩

  3675. The twins were the third and fourth sons of Lord Sandwich: Oliver Montagu, afterwards M.P. for Huntingdon, and in 1685 Solicitor-General to the Queen; he died unmarried in 1693: and John Montagu, made Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1683, and Dean of Durham, 1699, who also died a bachelor in 1728⁠–⁠29. —⁠B. ↩

  3676. Nun’s Bridge is still in existence, and known by that name. It is at the foot of Hinchingbrooke Hill, and adjoining to some old ponds which belonged to the house when a nunnery. —⁠B. ↩

  3677. About the year 1842, in removing the foundation of an old wall, adjoining a mansion at Brampton, always considered the quondam residence of the Pepys family, an iron pot, full of silver coins, was discovered, and taken to the Earl of Sandwich, the owner of the house, in whose possession they still remain. The pot was so much corroded, that a small piece of it only could be preserved. The coins were chiefly half-crowns of Elizabeth and the two elder Stuarts, and all of a date anterior to the Restoration. Although Pepys states that the treasure which he caused to be buried was gold exclusively, it is very probable that, in the confusion, a pot full of silver money was packed up with the rest; but, at all events, the coincidence appeared too singular to pass over without notice. —⁠B. ↩

  3678. At the meeting of Parliament on October 10th, 1667, the king made a speech of about ten lines, in which he said,

    “The other reasons of that prorogation [eleven weeks before], and some other matters with which I would acquaint you, I have commanded my Lord Keeper to declare unto you.”

    Journals of the House of Lords, vol. xii, p. 115

    ↩

  3679. See October 5th, 1667. ↩

  3680. He seems to have forgotten his visit on the 12th. —⁠B. ↩

  3681. “At the Cambridge Assizes, held before Justice Kelynge, March 9th, 1664, Roger Pepys, the Recorder, was bound over to his good behaviour for speaking slightly of Lord Chief Justice Hyde at the Town Sessions, on an appeal by Dr. Eade against a poor-rate.”

    Cooper’s Cambridge Annals, vol. iii, p. 516

    See December 13th, 1667. —⁠B. ↩

  3682. Sir John Kelyng, Serjeant, 1660, and engaged on the part of the crown to advise with the judges relative to the proceedings to be adopted against the regicides. Returned as Member of Parliament for Bedford in May, 1661, he prepared the Act of Uniformity passed in 1662. Appointed judge of the King’s Bench in 1663 and Chief Justice in 1665. No special record of the “high proceedings” referred to by Pepys is to be found in the Parliamentary History; but his conduct was complained of, and the House of Commons voted his proceedings to be illegal and tending to the introduction of arbitrary government. His conduct as a judge was considered to be harsh and insulting. He died at his home in Hatton Garden, May 9th, 1671 (Foss’s Judges). See December 13th. ↩

  3683. Captain Henry Nicoll petitioned the king, October 17th, 1667, “for an abatement in the price of the Sea Fortune, of Amsterdam, and the Wild Boar, which was purchased for £1,000, to bring timber from Ireland for the rebuilding of London” (Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. 531). Petition of Major Heniy Nicoll to the king, “for a grant of the Golden Hand flyboat, with all her furniture and apparel, at the same price as he paid for the Wildboar, and for orders to the Duke of York and the Navy Commissioners to give him possession thereof forthwith, they taking the same security as was ordered for the Wildboar⁠ ⁠… [he] asked for the Wildboar prize-ship at a reasonable price and convenient time for payment, which was granted, but after being at great charge in rigging and setting her forth to sea, she foundered on her voyage, and 15 men perished in her, whereby he was deprived of the means of bringing over the timber, or of paying his debts” (Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 110). ↩

  3684. Captain John Hubbard. ↩

  3685. The Black Prince, by Roger, Earl of Orrery, is styled a tragedy, although the play ends happily. It was first published in 1669. ↩

  3686. Lady Berkeley was Christiana, daughter of Sir Andrew Rickard, and widow of Henry Rich, Lord Kensington. —⁠B. ↩

  3687. It occurs in the fifth act, and is certainly very long. It was read by Hart, but was afterwards omitted in the acting. See October 23rd, 1667. —⁠B. ↩

  3688. This question of the division of the fleet in May, 1666, was one over which endless controversy as to responsibility was raised. When Prince Rupert, with twenty ships, was detached to prevent the junction of the French squadron with the Dutch, the Duke of Albemarle was left with fifty-four ships against eighty belonging to the Dutch. Albemarle’s tactics are praised by Captain Mahan. ↩

  3689. Captain Ch. O’Brien. “Warrant to the Duke of York to deliver to Capt. O’Brian the prize-ship St. Mary of St. Jean de Luz, as a free gift in consideration of service, Nov. 20, 1667” (Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 31). ↩

  3690. The slackening of sail owing to the directions of Henry Brouncker, in contravention of the Duke of York’s order, is commented upon and discussed in the Rev. J. S. Clarke’s Life of James II (1816, vol. i, pp. 415⁠–⁠17, 421). It is there stated that Brouncker’s arguments to Cox and Harman were at first rejected, but Harman at last shortened sail, being imposed upon by Brouncker’s false message from the duke. The duke was kept in ignorance of what had been done, and it is said that a strange concurrence of accidents kept the duke in ignorance. Brouncker was expelled from the House of Commons on account of his conduct, but he does not appear to have lost the favour of the king or of the duke. ↩

  3691. The Duke of York’s shortening sail in the Dutch fight is attributed, ironically, by Sir John Denham, to his Duchess’s anxiety for his safety:

    “She therefore the Duke’s person recommends
    To Brouncker, Penn, and Coventry, her friends;
    To Penn much, Brouncker more, most Coventry;
    For they, she knew, were all more ’fraid than he.
    ⋮
    When a sweet sleep began the Duke to drown,
    And with soft diadems his temples crown:
    And first he orders all the rest to watch,
    And they the foe, whilst he a nap doth catch:
    But lo, Brouncker, by a secret instinct,
    Slept on, nor heeded; he all day had winked.
    The Duke in bed, he then first draws his steel,
    Whose virtue makes the misled compass wheel.
    So ere He waked, both Fleets were innocent,
    And Brouncker member is of Parliament.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  3692. The House of Commons. ↩

  3693. Sir William Coventry’s speech is not printed in the reports of the Debates. ↩

  3694. See June 13th, 1667. ↩

  3695. Of the Ordnance. ↩

  3696. “. This day having been appointed for the laying of the foundation of the Royal Exchange in the place where it formerly stood, His Majesty was pleased to be present, and assisting at the solemnity; and accordingly went on horseback, attended by several persons of quality of the Court, to the place, where the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, the Sheriffs, and a Committee of the Mercers’ Company, waited to receive him. His Majesty, with the usual ceremonies, placed the first stone, and was afterwards entertained on the place with an excellent treat, where he was pleased to confer the honour of knighthood on the two sheriffs, Mr. Dennis Gauden and Mr. Thomas Davis.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    This (the second) building for the Royal Exchange was designed by Edward Jarman. It was burnt January 10th, 1838. ↩

  3697. I.e., laid the stone. ↩

  3698. Thomas Davies (or Davis), bookseller, was son of John Davies, of London, and Lord Mayor in 1676⁠–⁠77. He was born in 1631, and educated at St. Paul’s School. Died in 1679, and was buried in St. Sepulchre’s Church, Snow Hill, where there is a monument to his memory (see note 1605). ↩

  3699. Hugh Audley, the usurer. See November 23rd, 1662. He held an office in the Court of Wards, and is said to have lost £100,000 by its abolition. ↩

  3700. See April 29th, 1667. ↩

  3701. Speed’s History of Great Britain, book ix, chap. xii. ↩

  3702. Rupert. ↩

  3703. William Smith was an actor with a commanding person. He occupied a prominent position on the stage, and retired between 1684 and 1688. Betterton’s part in The Villain was Monsieur Brisac; Mahgni, the villain, was taken by Sandford. See note 1571. ↩

  3704. The trumpet marine is a stringed instrument having a triangular-shaped body or chest and a long neck, a single string raised on a bridge and running along the body and neck. It was played with a bow. Hawkins refers very fully to the trumpet marine, and quotes an extract from the London Gazette (February 4th, 1674) giving an account of “a concert of four Trumpets marine, never heard of before in England.” Pepys’s reference proves this statement to be wrong. There is a paper on the musical notes of the trumpet and trumpet marine by Francis Roberts in the Philosophical Transactions (No. 193, 1692). The trumpet marine was a favourite instrument of Mons. Jourdain (Bourgeois Gentilhomme). ↩

  3705. Colonel John Birch, M.P. for Penryn (see note 655). Burnet says of Birch: he “was a man of a peculiar character. He had been a carrier at first, and retained still, even to an affectation, the clownishness of his education. He got up in the progress of the war to be a colonel, and to be concerned in the excise. And at the Restoration he was found to be so useful in managing the excise that he was put in a good post. He was the roughest and boldest speaker in the house, and talked in the language and phrases of a carrier, but with a beauty and eloquence that was always acceptable. He spoke always with much life and heat, but judgment was not his talent.” ↩

  3706. Colonel Chester proved that this story was incorrect (see note 2047). Sir Peter Leycester, who married a daughter of Lord Gerard, of Bromley, observes, in his History of Cheshire, that “the two famous women-actors in London” were daughters of ⸻ Marshall, chaplain to Lord G., by Elizabeth, bastard daughter of John Button, of Button. Sir Peter being connected by marriage with the Buttons, ought to have known the fact. ↩

  3707. Nell Gwyn. ↩

  3708. J. Uthwat, Clerk of the Survey at Deptford. ↩

  3709. Sir William Morice (1602⁠–⁠1676) was related through his wife to the Duke of Albemarle, and helped him in bringing about the Restoration. In February, 1659⁠–⁠60, Charles II bestowed upon Morice, with General Monk’s approval, “the seal and signet of the secretary of state’s office.” According to Mr. W. P. Courtney (Dict. Nat. Biog.), “his friends endeavoured in 1666 to make out that he was principal secretary of state, above Lord Arlington, but failed in their attempt, and at Michaelmas, 1668, Morice found his position so intolerable that he resigned his office and retired to his property, where he spent the rest of his days in collecting a fine library and in studying literature.” ↩

  3710. John Turner, B.D., whose ancestors were of Hemel Hemsted, had been a Fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge, and became rector of Eynesbury in 1649. He resigned the living, of which Lord Sandwich was the patron, to his son, Edward Turner, in 1689; and dying in 1705, aged eighty-four, had sepulture in the parish church. —⁠B. ↩

  3711. Captain Edward Hill.

    “May 15th, 1667, M. Wren to the Navy Commissioners. Pray examine at once the men of the Coventry as to the loss of that ship, as some of those are going on a voyage, and Captain Hill (formerly commander) will be in great distress, not knowing where to find others who were present at the loss of the ship.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 24

    ↩

  3712. “A Copy of ye Duke of Albemarle’s Narrative brought in to ye House of Com̃ons by Sir Robert Brooks, Octob. 21, 1667,” commencing, “Being desired by the House of Com̃ons to impart what I have observed or known of any miscarriages in the late Warr, and particularly concerning the devision of the Fleet in the year 1666, I shall herein relate all I can during my being at sea, with respect to the shortness of the time and the want of many of my papers occasioned by the losse of Sir William Clarke, who attended me in the sea service and was slaine in it;” and “A Copy of Prince Rupert’s Narrative brought in to ye House of Com̃ons by the Lord Ancram, Octob. 31, 1667,” will be found in Harl. MS. 7170 (Brit. Mus.). The narratives are printed in Journals of the House of Commons, vol. ix, p. 11. ↩

  3713. See April 4th and October 20th, 1667. ↩

  3714. Pelham Humfrey, who had been educated under Captain Henry Cooke, was admitted a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal in 1666, and distinguished himself so much as to excite the envy of his instructor, who is said to have died of discontent at his pupil’s excelling him. Humfrey succeeded him as Master of the Children in 1672, but his career was very short; for he died at Windsor, July 14th, 1674, aged twenty-seven, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. He was sent abroad by Charles II in 1664, and received from secret service moneys £200 in 1664, £100 in 1665, and £150 in 1666, “to defray the charge of his journey into France and Italy.” In Paris he was instructed by Lully, whose methods he introduced into England. ↩

  3715. See note 3332. ↩

  3716. William Cartwright, actor, who became a bookseller in Turnstile Alley during the period of the Commonwealth. He was after the Restoration one of Killigrew’s company, at the original establishment in Drury Lane. He died in December, 1687, and by his will, dated 1686, he left his books, pictures, and furniture to Dulwich College, where also his portrait still remains. ↩

  3717. We have already seen that Pepys’s ancestors were seated at Cottenham, in Cambridgeshire, from which place a late Lord Chancellor of that name derived his title. —⁠B. ↩

  3718. The Duke of Buckingham was his enemy, and there was a design to impeach the Duke of Ormond, but this was abandoned. There was great dissatisfaction in Ireland at his removal from the Lord Lieutenant-ship. ↩

  3719. The Fraternity of Woodmongers, or Fuellers, was incorporated by James I on the 29th August, 1605, and the Woodmongers’ Hall was situated in Duke’s Place, Aldgate. In 1665 the company surrendered its charter, but by an act of the Common Council in 1694 it obtained the privilege of keeping one hundred and twenty carts. It is now merged in the Company of Carters. The House of Commons was much occupied about this time with the misdoings of the Woodmongers. ↩

  3720. James Allestry, bookseller, who lost his property in the Great Fire. His son Jacob Allestry was a poetical writer. ↩

  3721. Lady Frances Cranfield, daughter of Lionel, first Earl of Middlesex, and wife of Richard Sackville, fifth Earl of Dorset. She was mother of the celebrated Lord Buckhurst. ↩

  3722. Evidently the song sung by Ferdinand, wherein Ariel echoes “Go thy way” (act iii, sc. 4), from Davenant’s and Dryden’s adaptation of the Tempest, published in 1674. The music was by Banister. —⁠B. ↩

  3723. The “Heads of the Charges brought against Lord Clarendon in the House of Commons on the 26th day of October, 1667,” are printed in Journals of the House of Commons, vol. ix, p. 15, and in Lister’s Life of Clarendon, vol. iii, p. 530. ↩

  3724. Thomas King. ↩

  3725. Baptist May, born in 1629, and said to be the son of Sir Humphrey May, but this is doubtful. Keeper of the Privy Purse to Charles II, and Registrar in the Court of Chancery. He died May 2nd, 1698. ↩

  3726. Thomas Chicheley (1618⁠–⁠1694), Master-General of Ordnance, father of Captain Sir John Chicheley. He was knighted in 1670. ↩

  3727. Edward Backwell, goldsmith and alderman of the City of London. He was a man of considerable wealth during the Commonwealth. After the Restoration he negotiated Charles II’s principal money transactions. He was M.P. for Wendover in the parliament of 1679, and in the Oxford parliament of 1680. According to the writer of the life in the Dict. of Nat. Biog. his heirs did not ultimately suffer any pecuniary loss by the closure of the Exchequer. Mr. Hilton Price stated that Backwell removed to Holland in 1676, and died therein 1679; but this is disproved by the pedigree in Lipscomb’s Hist. of Bucks, where the date of his death is given as 1683, as well as by the fact that he sat for Wendover in 1679 and 1680, as stated above. ↩

  3728. Thomas Blagrave, Gentleman of the Chapel, Clerk of the Cheque, and one of Charles II’s private band. A few of his songs are printed in Select Ayres and Dialogues, folio, 1669. His portrait was in the Music School at Oxford. He died November 21st, 1688, and was buried in the north cloister of Westminster Abbey. ↩

  3729. “Warrant to pay to Lewis Grabu, master of the select band of violins, in place of John Bannister, £600 for himself and the band, with arrears to commence from Ladyday, 1667, with note that the whole establishment is to be made over again.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, pp. 112

    ↩

  3730. Resumption, in a law sense, signifies the taking again into the king’s hands such lands or tenements as before, upon false suggestions, or other error, he had delivered to the heir, or granted by letters patent to any man. The Bill for effecting these objects was brought into the House of Commons, but never passed. —⁠B. ↩

  3731. Part III of Sir Edward Coke’s Institutes of the Laws of England deals with “High treason and other pleas of the Crown and criminal causes.” ↩

  3732. Herbert Croft, Bishop of Hereford, 1662⁠–⁠91. ↩

  3733. The term Cabinet Council, as stated by Clarendon, originated thus, in 1640: “The bulk and burden of the state affairs lay principally upon the shoulders of the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Earl of Strafford, and the Lord Cottington; some others being joined to them, as the Earl of Northumberland for ornament, the Bishop of London for his place, the two Secretaries, Sir H. Vane and Sir Francis Windebank, for service and communication of intelligence: only the Marquis of Hamilton, indeed, by his skill and interest, bore as great a part as he had a mind to do, and had the skill to meddle no further than he had a mind. These persons made up the committee of state, which was reproachfully after called the junto, and enviously then in the Court the Cabinet Council” (History of the Rebellion, vol. i, p. 211, edit. 1849). Dr. Murray (New English Dictionary) says that the expression “he is of the cabinet” is used of Vane by Roe, 1630. See ante, November 9th, 1664, and August 26th, 1666, where Pepys refers to the “Cabinet.” ↩

  3734. John Vaughan, Lord Vaughan, eldest surviving son to Richard, Earl of Carberry, whom he succeeded. He was well versed in literature, and succeeded Pepys as President of the Royal Society, an office which he held from 1686 to 1689, and had been Governor of Jamaica. He was amongst Dryden’s earliest patrons. Died January 16th, 1712⁠–⁠13. Lord Clarendon in his Life draws an unflattering picture of Lord Vaughan. He writes:

    “A person of as ill a face as fame, his looks and his manner both extreme bad, asked for the paper that had been presented from the Committee, and with his own hand entered these words, ‘That being a Privy Counsellor he [Clarendon] had betrayed the king’s secrets to the enemy.’ ”

    ↩

  3735. Gregory. ↩

  3736. Pelham Humfrey. ↩

  3737. The daughter of Fairfax. ↩

  3738. In 1652 General Monk was married, at the Church of St. George, Southwark, to Anne, daughter of his regimental farrier, John Clarges, and in the following year had by her a son, Christopher, the “Earl of Torrington” here mentioned. The child was suckled by Honour Mills, a vendor of apples and oysters, and succeeded his father as Duke of Albemarle in 1670; but dying in 1688, s. p., all the honours and titles of the family became extinct. It came out, on a trial of trespass between William Sherwen, plaintiff, and Sir Walter Clarges, Bart., and others, defendants, at the bar of the King’s Bench, November 15th, 1702, that Anne Clarges had married for her first husband Thomas Ratford, in 1632, and was separated from him in 1649; but no certificate of his death had ever appeared. This fact would invalidate the legitimacy of the Earl of Torrington, and the suspicion is strengthened by the low origin and vulgar habits of the duchess, and the threats which she resorted to, to prevent the story being made public. One Pride, who, as the son of a daughter of an elder brother of George, Duke of Albemarle, claimed to be heir to Duke George, brought an ejectment against the Earl of Bath (who claimed under a deed from Duke Christopher) in the King’s Bench, in Hilary Term, 6 William III, attempting to bastardize Duke Christopher, on the ground mentioned in the note. After a long trial, the jury, not being satisfied with the evidence, found for the Earl of Bath. This case, which is a different one from that given above, is reported in 1 Salkeld, 120, 3 Leving, 410, and Holt, 286. Leving was one of the counsel for the Earl of Bath. —⁠B. ↩

  3739. In 1667 “King Charles gave the ground and buildings of James’s College at Chelsea” to the Royal Society, who sold them again to Sir Stephen Fox, for the Crown, in 1682, for £1,300. ↩

  3740. Laurence Hyde, second son of Lord Chancellor Clarendon (1614⁠–⁠1711). He held many important offices, and was First Lord of the Treasury, 1679⁠–⁠84; created Earl of Rochester in 1681, and K.G. 1685. ↩

  3741. On October 26th, during the proceedings relative to the impeachment of Lord Clarendon, Mr. Lawrence Hyde said:

    “I am sensible, the house may think me partial, but I shall endeavour to show myself not so much a son of the Earl of Clarendon as a member of this house, and I assure you that if he shall be found guilty, no man shall appear more against him than I; if not, I hope every one will be for him as much as I, let every man upon his conscience think what of this charge is true, for I believe that if one article be proved, he will own himself guilty of all.”

    Parliamentary History of England, vol. iv, col. 374

    Waller’s speech is not reported in the Debates, although he was a frequent speaker. Burnet writes:

    “Waller was the delight of the house, and even at eighty he said the liveliest things of any among them. He was only concerned to say that which should make him be applauded.”

    ↩

  3742. No Dr. Floyd, or Lloyd, was admitted into the Royal Society at this time. At the meeting on November 21st Mons. Leyonberg, resident from the King of Sweden, and Mr. Soame were elected and admitted, and Count Ubaldini, Sir Charles Berkeley, and Mr. Oudart were elected. ↩

  3743. John Cosin, Master of Peter House and Dean of Peterborough in the time of Charles I; Bishop of Durham, 1660⁠–⁠72. Died January 13th, 1671⁠–⁠72, aged seventy-eight. ↩

  3744. Edward Reynolds, Bishop of Norwich, 1661⁠–⁠76. He died July 28th, 1676, aged seventy-six. ↩

  3745. Probably Herbert Croft. See November 16th. ↩

  3746. The protest made in the House of Lords (November 20th, 1667) to the negativing of the question for the committal of Lord Clarendon was signed by the Dukes of Buckingham and Albemarle and twenty-five other peers. Four reasons are given for the protest (Protests of the Lords, ed. J. E. Thorold Rogers, 1875, vol. i, p. 34). ↩

  3747. The Royal Society, meeting at Gresham College. ↩

  3748. This was Arthur Coga, who had studied at Cambridge, and was said to be a bachelor of divinity. He was indigent, and “looked upon as a very freakish and extravagant man.” Dr. King, in a letter to the Hon. Robert Boyle, remarks “that Mr. Coga was about thirty-two years of age; that he spoke Latin well, when he was in company, which he liked, but that his brain was sometimes a little too warm.” The experiment was performed on November 23rd, 1667, by Dr. King, at Arundel House, in the presence of many spectators of quality, and four or five physicians. Coga wrote a description of his own case in Latin, and when asked why he had not the blood of some other creature, instead of that of a sheep, transfused into him, answered, “Sanguis ovis symbolicam quandam facultatem habet cum sanguine Christi, quia Christus est agnus Dei” (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, pp. 214⁠–⁠16). Coga was the first person in England to be experimented upon; previous experiments were made by the transfusion of the blood of one dog into another. See November 14th, 1666. ↩

  3749. This anecdote of Dr. Caius is given in Health’s Improvement, or Rules [for] Preparing All Sorts of Food, by Thomas Mufett; Corrected and Enlarged by Christopher Bennet, 1655, p. 123. ↩

  3750. As sponsor at the christening. ↩

  3751. Richard Cooling, Clerk of the Privy Council, and secretary to the Earl of Manchester when appointed Lord Chamberlain in 1660. He acted as secretary to the Earl of Arlington during his tenure of the office of Lord Chamberlain (1674⁠–⁠80). He died June 19th, 1697. ↩

  3752. Selden’s executors were Matthew Hale, John Vaughan, and Rowland Jewkes, here alluded to, who was buried in the Temple Church in 1665. His monument is now in the triforium. Selden’s monument, consisting of a slab of black marble, was removed in the summer of 1895 from the left of the altar to the southwest corner of the church, near where the “saints’ bell” was once rung, as he was buried in this spot. The monument has been enclosed in a new alabaster frame.

    “His grave was about ten foot deepe or better, walled up a good way with brick, with which also the bottome was paved, but the sides at the bottome for about two foot high were of black polished marble, wherein his coffin (covered with black bayes) lyeth, and upon that wall of marble was presently let downe a huge black marble stone of great thickness, with this inscription: ‘Hic jacet corpus Johannis Seldeni, qui obijt 30 die Novembris, 1654.’ ”

    Aubrey’s Lives, vol. iii, p. 533

    ↩

  3753. Warrs with Forregen (Sic) Princes Dangerous to Our Commonwealth, or Reasons for Forreign Wars Answered. London, 1657. 8vo. ↩

  3754. The House resolved that the judgment given, 5th Car. I, against Sir John Elliot, Denzill Hollis, and Benjamin Valentine, in the King’s Bench, was illegal, and against the freedom and privileges of Parliament. —⁠B. ↩

  3755. David Lloyd’s Memoires of the Lives, Actions, Sufferings, and Deaths of those noble, reverend, and excellent personages who suffered by death, sequestration, decimation, or otherwise for the Protestant religion and the great principle thereof, allegiance to their sovereign in our late intestine wars.⁠ ⁠… 1668. ↩

  3756. See November 15th, 1667. Sir John Chicheley was in command of the Fairfax in 1666, and of the Rupert in 1668. He subsequently was advanced to be rear-admiral, and he held several posts of importance. He died May, 1691. ↩

  3757. The Mistaken Beauty; or, the Liar, a comedy, taken from the Menteur of Corneille; printed, in 1661, by its second title only, and without any author’s name. Afterwards pubHshed as The Mistaken Beauty in 16S5. ↩

  3758. A male cat. “Gib” is a contraction of the Christian name Gilbert (Old French), “Tibert.”

    “I am melancholy as a gib-cat.”

    Shakespeare, 1 Henry IV, act i, sc. 3

    Gib alone is also used, and a verb made from it⁠—“to gib,” or act like a cat. ↩

  3759. Of the Royal Society. Creed was chosen a member of council this year. ↩

  3760. Carey House was probably the Canary House, a much frequented house situated “between the Feathers tavern and Long’s Coffee house on the east side of Exeter ’Change.” There is a token of the Canary House dated 1665. See Boyne’s Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, p. 760. ↩

  3761. Dr. Robert Mossum. See note 94 and note 149. ↩

  3762. Bishop Wilkins’s “Essay Towards a Real Character and a Philosophical Language” was published in 1668. ↩

  3763. Daniel Colwall, Treasurer of the Royal Society 1665⁠–⁠1679. ↩

  3764. Anne, daughter of Edward, first Lord Howard of Escrick, wife to Charles Howard, first Earl of Carlisle. —⁠B. ↩

  3765. This paper, The Humble Peticõn and Addresse of Edward Earl of Clarendon, will be found in Harl. MS. No. 7170 (B. M.). It is printed in the Journals of the House of Commons, vol. ix, p. 30. It was also printed under the title, News from Dunkirk House, or Clarendon’s Farewell to England in His Seditious Address to the House of Peers, December 3rd, 1667 (Somers’s Tracts, vol. viii, p. 7). It was burnt by the hangman, December 12th, 1667. ↩

  3766. Sir William Bolton.

    “Petition of Sir Wm. Bolton, alderman and late Lord Mayor of London, to the King, to call to account the Lord Mayor, etc., for their unjust proceedings in deposing him from his place as alderman, and questioning him on his accounts of the moneys raised for relief of sufferers from the fire, although that cause is depending before the Commissioners for charitable uses; this malice arises from his Majesty’s recommendation of him as Surveyor General for rebuilding the city.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 416

    ↩

  3767. King Street. Before the construction of this street the only access to the Guildhall was either by Ironmonger Lane or Lawrence Lane. ↩

  3768. This principle of melioration was included in the clauses of the Act for rebuilding London by the influence of Sir Matthew Hale. The following is an extract from the Act:

    “And forasmuch as the Houses now remaining and to be rebuilt will receive more or less advantage in the value of their rents by the liberty of air and free recourse for Trade and other conveniences by such regulation and inlargements, it is alsoe enacted by the authoritie aforesaid that in case of refusal or incapacity as aforesaid of the owners or others interessed of or in the said Houses to agree and compound with the said Lord Maior Aldermen and Com̃ons for the same. Thereupon a jury shall and may be impanneled in manner and form aforesaid to judge and assesse upon the owners and others interessed of and in such houses such competent summe and summes of money with respect to their severall interests in consideration of such improvement and melioration as in reason and good conscience they shall think fit.”

    An Act for rebuilding the Citty of London, 18 and 19 Car. II, c. 8, clause 24; Statutes of the Realm, 1819, vol. v, p. 608

    As the word “melioration” has an established position in law books, it seems a pity that the word “betterment” at present in use should be allowed to supersede it. ↩

  3769. “Sec. Morice to the Duke of York, Lord Admiral and Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports. The King by request of the House of Commons commands you to send orders to all seaports for diligent care to be taken that the Earl of Clarendon, who has lately withdrawn, do not escape the kingdom. Dec. 3, 1667.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 59

    A copy of the original order for the apprehension of the Earl of Clarendon, signed by the Duke of York, and directed to Sir John Bramston, is given in The Autobiography of Sir John Bramston, p. 257 (Camden Society). ↩

  3770. Thomas Jermyn, who succeeded his uncle Henry, Earl of St. Albans, as second Lord Jermyn of St. Edmundsbury in 1683. Henry Jermyn succeeded his brother Thomas as third Lord Jermyn of St. Edmundsbury in 1703. ↩

  3771. James Compton, third Earl of Northampton, Lord Lieutenant of Warwickshire, and Constable of the Tower. Died December 15th, 1681. ↩

  3772. Sir Lewis Dyve was born November 3rd, 1599, and knighted in April, 1620. He was M.P. for Bridport 1625, 1626, and for Weymouth in 1627⁠–⁠28. He took an active part in support of the king during the Civil Wars, and died April 17th, 1669. ↩

  3773. See note 2944. It is affirmed in the Dictionary of National Biography that Lord Cottington’s estates passed to his nephew Francis, son of his brother Maurice, but it is distinctly stated on the monument in Westminster Abbey that Charles Cottington, who brought Lord Cottington’s remains from Spain to England in 1679, was “his nephew and heire.” ↩

  3774. Major Wildman, who had been an agitator in Cromwell’s army, and had opposed his Protectorship. After he regained his liberty, he returned to his old habits, and was frequently engaged in fomenting sedition. —⁠B. ↩

  3775. Frances, daughter of Sir Thomas Aylesbury, Bart., Master of Requests to Charles I, second wife of Lord Chancellor Clarendon. See note 1246. ↩

  3776. See November 1st, 1667. ↩

  3777. To touse = to pull or tumble; and, secondly, to worry or tease. ↩

  3778. Sic in orig. ↩

  3779. John Hingston. See note 3137. ↩

  3780. Nicholas Burt. See note 740. ↩

  3781. See December 29th, 1660. ↩

  3782. William, third Lord Brereton of Leaghlin, in Ireland, M.P. for Cheshire. He disposed of his estates in that county, on account of the exigencies of the times, and his father’s losses, incurred in the cause of Charles I. He was esteemed an accomplished and amiable nobleman, and was one of the founders of the Royal Society. Aubrey wrote of Lord Brereton:

    “This vertuous and learned lord (who was my most honoured and obliging friend) was educated at Breda by Jo. Pell, D.D., then Math. Professor there of the Prince of Orange’s illustrious schoole. Sir George Goring, E. of Norwich (who was my Lord’s grandfather), did send him over, where he (then Mr. J. Pell) tooke great care of him, and made him a very good Algebrist. He hath wrote a poem called Origines Moriens, a MS. Obiit March 17, 1679, and is buried in St. Martin’s Church in the fields. He was an excellent musitian, and also a good composer.”

    Letters from the Bodleian, vol. ii, p. 258

    ↩

  3783. “. Between twelve and one of the clock, the paper called The Humble Petition and Address of Edward, Earl of Clarendon, directed to the Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parliament assembled, was, according to a late order of Parliament, burnt by the hands of the common hangman, before the gate of Gresham College, now the place of the Exchange, in the presence of the Sheriffs.”

    Rugge’s Diurnal

    —⁠B. ↩

  3784. See October 17th, 1667. ↩

  3785. Alphonso VI was deposed in 1667, and his brother Pedro made regent. The latter succeeded as Pedro II in 1683. ↩

  3786. The work of Gerard de Malynes, entitled Consuetude vel Lex Mercatoria; or, the Ancient Law-Merchant. London, 1622; which was frequently reprinted. ↩

  3787. Guildhall was not destroyed by the fire, as Pepys seems to intimate, but it was greatly injured, and £34,776 was spent on its restoration. In 1789 George Dance the younger, City architect, did more damage than the fire. The original roof remained until he was let loose upon the unlucky building. ↩

  3788. Samuel Sandys, of Ombersley, in Worcestershire, which county he then represented in Parliament. He was ancestor of the Lords Sandys, and died in 1685. —⁠B. ↩

  3789. The journals of the day do not inform us that William Carr was adjudged to lose his ears. He was fined £1,000, and ordered to stand in the pillory three times; and the libel was burnt by the common hangman. —⁠B. ↩

  3790. This use of the word, which has already occurred in the same sense (see October 14th, 1665), is earlier than its application by Burnet (Hist. of Own Time) in 1672, when he states, in reference to the then newly-formed government, that “Cabal” proved a technical word, every letter in it being the first letter of these five⁠—Clifford, Ashly, Buckingham, Arlington, and Lauderdale. It is obvious that the names given by Pepys do not form the word. In the Dream of the Cabal, anno 1672, the Cabal is made to consist of seven members, thus⁠—

    “Methought there met the grand Cabal of Seven,
    (Odd numbers, some men say, do best please Heaven).”

    Burnet’s words have often been mistaken. He noticed a coincidence, which many have taken to be the origin of the term.⁠—B.

    “The five ministers of the king whose names were appended to the Treaty of Alliance with France for war against Holland, which was ultimately published Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, and Lauderdale⁠—have come down to posterity with the nickname of the Cabal Ministry, from the accident that the initials of their names make the word Cabal. This word cabal had not at that time the unfavourable meaning which now always attaches to it. It was used to designate any political combination, and is so used in a passage⁠ ⁠… from a letter of Andrew Marvel, in which he speaks of Buckingham’s ‘Cabal,’ and of Arlington’s rival ‘cabal’ in the same ministry. It was indeed in use as a name for the small Committee of the Privy Council otherwise called the Committee for Foreign Affairs, which had the chief management of the course of government, and here it had much the meaning of the word cabinet now in vogue.”

    Christie’s Life of First Earl of Shaftesbury, vol. ii, pp. 53, 54

    ↩

  3791. George Morley, Bishop of Winchester, 1662⁠–⁠84. ↩

  3792. John Dolben, Bishop of Rochester, 1666 to 16S3, when he was translated to York. ↩

  3793. A sermon entitled “Papists no Catholics, and Popery no Christianity,” pubhshed in 1667, by William Lloyd, who became Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, then of St. Asaph, and lastly of Worcester, and died in 1717, aged ninety-one. —⁠B. ↩

  3794. The Rose Tavern in Russell Street, Covent Garden. Part of it was pulled down in 1776, when a new front was added to Drury Lane Theatre. ↩

  3795. See note 1833. ↩

  3796. Robert Wild’s Iter Boreale celebrates Monk’s march from Scotland. ↩

  3797. See note 3593. ↩

  3798. Mary, only daughter of Thomas Pepys, of London, elder brother of Samuel’s father. ↩

  3799. This character of Archbishop Sheldon does not tally with the scandal that Pepys previously reported of him. Burnet has some passages of importance on this in his Own Time, Book II. He affirms that Charles’s final decision to throw over Clarendon was caused by the Chancellor’s favouring Mrs. Stewart’s marriage with the Duke of Richmond. The king had a conference with Sheldon on the removal of Clarendon, but could not convert the archbishop to his view. Lauderdale told Burnet that he had an account of the interview from the king. “The king and Sheldon had gone into such expostulations upon it that from that day forward Sheldon could never recover the king’s confidence.” ↩

  3800. See August 22nd. ↩

  3801. From the Spanish picaron a rogue or villain. The word obtained the secondary meaning of pirate or privateer. ↩

  3802. John Trevor, knighted by Charles II, who made him Secretary of State, 1668, which office he held till his death in 1672. ↩

  3803. Bishop Dolben appears to have been a man of remarkably fine character, against whose good fame these malignant attacks fall harmless. There is an excellent life of him in the Dictionary of National Biography, by the late Canon Venables (see note 2936). It is said that every male of the Dolben family, from the bishop to the last of the family in the nineteenth century, was educated at Westminster School. ↩

  3804. William Montagu, second son of Edward, first Baron Montagu of Boughton, appointed Attorney-General to the Queen in 1662; Lord Chief Baron, 1676⁠–⁠1686. His second wife, the lady referred to by Pepys, was Mary, daughter of Sir John Aubrey, Bart. ↩

  3805. With Lady Anne Boyle. ↩

  3806. Sir G. Carteret’s eldest son, who married Lady Jemimah Montagu, July 31st, 1665. ↩

  3807. A tragedy by James Shirley, first printed in 1640. ↩

  3808. The Commissioners of Accounts were William, Lord Brereton, William Peirpoint, Sir George Savile, Giles Dunster, Sir James Langham, Henry Osborne, Alderman Sir William Turner, George Tompson, and John Gregory (Statutes of the Realm, vol. v, p. 624). ↩

  3809. The practice of gallants attending the theatre without payment is illustrated by Mr. Lowe in his “Betterton,” from Shadwell’s True Widow:

    1st Doorkeeper Pray, sir, pay me: my masters will make me pay it.
    3rd Man Impudent rascal, do you ask me for money? Take that, sirrah.
    2nd Doorkeeper Will you pay me, sir?
    4th Man No; I don’t intend to stay.
    2nd Doorkeeper So you say every day, and see two or three acts for nothing.

    ↩

  3810. Charles, eldest son of Dudley, fourth Lord North, noticed March 3rd, 1659⁠–⁠60. He was granted a peerage during his father’s lifetime as Baron Grey of Rolleston, and eventually succeeded his father as fifth Baron North. His mother was Anne, daughter of Sir Charles Montagu, of Cranbrook Hall, Essex, whence his connection with Lord Sandwich. ↩

  3811. Catharine, daughter to William Grey, Lord Grey of Warke, and widow of Sir Edward Moseley. She married, thirdly, Colonel Francis Russell (see November 15th, 1666), second son of Francis, fourth Earl of Bedford. —⁠B. ↩

  3812. “An Act for taking the Accounts of the several sums of money therein men͠coned, 19 and 20 Car. II, c. 1. The commissioners were empowered to call before them all Treasurers, Receivers, Paymasters, Principal Officers and Commissioners of the Navy and Ordnance respectively, Pursers, Mustermasters and Clerks of the Cheque, Accountants, and all Officers and Keepers of his Majesties Stores and Provisions for Warr as well for Land as Sea, and all other persons whatsoever imployed in the management of the said Warr or requisite for the discovery of any frauds relating thereunto,” etc., etc.

    Statutes of the Realm, vol. v, pp. 624⁠–⁠627

    ↩

  3813. The Life of the Renowned Sir Philip Sidney⁠ ⁠… Written by Sir Fulke Grevil, Knight, Lord Brook, a Servant to Queen Elizabeth, and His Companion and Friend, was published in 1652, “Printed for Henry Seile, over against St. Dunstans Church in Fleet Street.” This little book was reprinted by Sir Egerton Bridges at the Lee Priory Press in 1816. ↩

  3814. Sir Fulke Greville discourses much on foreign affairs, particularly in chapters ii, v, xv, and xvii, where he points out the dangers to this country and Europe generally from the combinations of great powers. He commends Queen Elizabeth for maintaining a fleet of her own ships and of those of “her fast friends the Netherlands” on the coast of Spain (p. 227). ↩

  3815. Sir George Savile of Rufford, co. Notts, Bart., created Baron Savile of Eland and Viscount Halifax, 1668; Earl of Halifax, 1679; and Marquis of Halifax, 1682. Died April 5th, 1695. ↩

  3816. Sir Lewis Dyve (1599⁠–⁠1669) was the son of John Dyve, of Bromham, in Bedfordshire, by Beatrix, daughter of Charles Walcot, Esq., who afterwards married John Digby, first Earl of Bristol. See note 3772. ↩

  3817. Rupert. ↩

  3818. This refers to the battle of the Dunes, June 24th, 1658, when Turenne defeated the Prince of Condé and Don Juan of Austria, who tried to relieve Dunkirk, which the English blockaded by sea, and the French attacked by land. It was prior to this battle that, despising the Spanish tactics, Condé said to the young Duke of Gloucester, “N’avez vous jamais vu perdre une bataille? Eh bien, vous l’allez voir.” Dunkirk surrendered on the 23rd, and afterwards was given up to the English, with whom it remained till Charles sold it. —⁠B. ↩

  3819. “If they should incorporate with France, the Netherlands manufactures, industry, trade and shipping would add much to that monarchie both in peace and war. The natural riches of the French having been hitherto either kept barrain at home or barrainly transported abroad for lack of the true use of trade⁠ ⁠… which defect being now abundantly to be supplied, by this conjunction with the Netherlands, would in a little time, not onely puff up that active commonwealth with unquiet pride, but awake the stirring French to feel this addition to their own strengths, and so make them become dangerous neighbours by incursion in invasion to the Baltic sea.”

    Greville’s Life of Sidney, p. 66

    ↩

  3820. I.e., putting in order. ↩

  3821. George Hall, son of the celebrated Bishop Joseph Hall of Norwich, Archdeacon of Canterbury, 1660, and consecrated Bishop of Chester, May 11th, 1662. Died August 23rd, 1668. ↩

  3822. One of the famous works by the author of The Whole Duty of Man, which had just been published. ↩

  3823. I.e., a son of the Earl of Berkshire. See note 2643. ↩

  3824. There seem to have been, at this time, two distinct “Nurseries for Actors,” one in Golden Lane, near the Barbican. This establishment was ridiculed by Dryden in his McFlecknoe; and, in The Rehearsal, Bayes is made to declare that he will write only for the “Nursery,” and “mump the proud players” of the regular theatres. Langbaine, also (p. 64), tells us that he had seen Chapman’s Revenge for Honour acted many years ago at the “Nursery” in Barbican. We learn from the Shakespeare Society’s Papers, vol. iii, that a patent was granted by Charles II, March 3rd, 1664, to William Legge, Groom of the Bedchamber, giving him the privilege of instituting a “Nursery” for young actors (see note, vol. iv, p. 206). The other “Nursery” was in Hatton Garden, built by Captain Bedford. The “Nursery” in Barbican appears to have been established by the King’s Players under Killigrew, and the one in Hatton Garden for the Duke’s Players under Davenant. ↩

  3825. A comedy by James Shirley, first published in 1631. Reproduced in 1667 as Love Tricks, or the School of Compliments. ↩

  3826. “Whereas we are informed that diverse persons doe rudely presse and with evill language and blowes force their way into the two theatres without paying the prices established,” therefore the king declares such proceedings unlawful, “notwithstanding their pretended priviledge by custom of forcing their entrance at the fourth or fifth act without payment.”

    Records of the Lord Chamberlain’s Office, December 7th, 1663, quoted in Lowe’s Betterton, p. 24

    ↩

  3827. Andrew Marvell, who died in 1678, M.P. for Hull, is said, but erroneously, to have been the last member that received wages from his constituents; others, his contemporaries, maintained the right, and suffered their arrears to accumulate, as a cheap resource at the next election. Marvell more than once, in his correspondence, speaks of members threatening to sue their boroughs for pay (Coleridge’s Northern Worthies, p. 61). A case is noticed by Lord Campbell, in his Life of Lord Nottingham, where the M.P. for Harwich, in 1681, petitioned the Lord Chancellor, as that borough had failed “to pay him his wages.” A writ was issued “De expensis Burgensium levandis.” Lord Campbell adds, “For this point of the People’s Charter [payment of members of Parliament] no new law is required” (Lives of the Lord Chancellors, vol. iii, p. 420). —⁠B. ↩

  3828. George Fournier, a Jesuit, born at Caen in 1569, was the author of several nautical works. His chief one, L’Hydrographie, was published at Paris in folio in 1663. A second edition appeared in 1667. ↩

  3829. Alvarez Semedo’s History of China, translated by a Person of Quality. Lond., 1655, fol. —⁠B. ↩

  3830. Beaumont and Fletcher’s play, first acted in 1632, and published in 1652. ↩

  3831. Mary Davis (see note 3280). ↩

  3832. Mrs. Weaver was one of the actresses of the King’s Company. ↩

  3833. Sedley never wrote any play with this title, or, perhaps, the name was altered. The piece here referred to seems to be The Mulberry Garden (see May 18th following), which, on representation, does not seem to have answered Pepys’s expectations. It met, however, with success, from the notoriety or fashion of the profligate author. —⁠B. ↩

  3834. See February 20th, 1667⁠–⁠68. ↩

  3835. L’Escole des Filles, by Helot, was burnt at the foot of the gallows in 1672, and the author himself was burnt in effigy. ↩

  3836. Puttana errante, written by Pietro Aretino, but falsely attributed to Maffeo Veniero, was published at Venice in 1531, and reprinted in Poesie da fuoco di diversi autori, 1651. It was translated into French as La P⁠ ⁠… errante, ou Dialogue de Madelaine et de Julie, traduction du dialogue Italien de Pierre Aretin. ↩

  3837. Humphrey Henchman, Prebendary of Salisbury, 1623; Bishop of Salisbury, 1660⁠–⁠63; Bishop of London, 1663⁠–⁠75. ↩

  3838. The claims of owners, after the fire of London, as settled by the Commissioners, are in the British Museum. —⁠B. ↩

  3839. Henrietta Maria Cornwallis, whose brother Charles, third Lord Cornwallis (called le beau Cornwallis), afterwards (1688) became the second husband of the Duchess of Monmouth. —⁠B. ↩

  3840. See note 3689. ↩

  3841. Moll Davis lived in Suffolk Street from 1667 to 1676; in the latter year she removed to St. James’s Square to a house now absorbed in the building of the Army and Navy Club. ↩

  3842. Richard Gibson, so frequently noticed by Pepys, was a clerk in the Navy Office. His collection of papers relating to the navy of England A.D. 1650⁠–⁠1702, compiled, as he states, from the Admiralty books in the Navy Office, are in the British Museum. —⁠B. ↩

  3843. Sir Robert Holmes. ↩

  3844. Captain William Jenkins. ↩

  3845. Francis Talbot, eleventh Earl of Shrewsbury, who died of his wounds March 16th following. ↩

  3846. Of Laycock Abbey, Wilts, a Gentleman of the Privy Chamber and M.P. for Knaresborough. He was descended from John Talbot, second Earl of Shrewsbury, who fell at Northampton Fight in 1640. Sir John is said to have been the first person who received Charles II in his arms on that monarch’s landing at Dover, after the Restoration, on which occasion he was knighted. Le Neve, writing in 1696, calls him “a very fine, strong old gentleman.” He lived to a great age, serving till after 1700. His two sons died young; and his two daughters and co-heirs⁠—

    1. Anne, married Sir John Ivory, Bart.

    2. Barbara, married Henry Yelverton, Lord Grey de Ruthyn, and Viscount Longueville.

    —⁠B. ↩

  3847. Eighth son of Henry Frederick Howard, Earl of Arundel, and the direct ancestor of the present Duke of Norfolk. —⁠B. ↩

  3848. The duel was fought at Barn Elms. ↩

  3849. Anna Maria, daughter of Robert Brudenel, second Earl of Cardigan. Walpole says she held the Duke of Buckingham’s horse, in the habit of a page, while he was fighting the duel with her husband. She married, secondly, George Rodney Bridges, son of Sir Thomas Bridges of Keynsham, Somerset, Groom of the Bedchamber to Charles II, and died April 20th, 1702. A portrait of the Countess of Shrewsbury, as Minerva, by Lely, was bought by Sir Robert Peel at the Stowe Sale, for £68 5s. There is also another portrait at Goodwood; and still another in the National Portrait Gallery. Pope’s well-known lines (Moral Essays, epist. 3):

    “Gallant and gay, in Cliveden’s proud alcove,
    The bower of wanton Shrewsbury and love,”

    are incorrect, because workmen were engaged in building Cheveden in 1680, when the countess married her second husband. ↩

  3850. The Duke of Albemarle. ↩

  3851. Afterwards Duke of Norfolk. See note 3103. ↩

  3852. See note 156. The custom was observed on May 30th, 1853, at the festivities consequent on the marriage of Princess Anna of Prussia with Prince Frederick of Hesse. The Oberhofmeister distributed to the gentlemen present small pieces of riband on which the initials of the bride were embroidered. This ceremony is a modified form of the old custom of cutting up the bride’s garter, and letting the gentlemen of the party scramble for the bits. Formerly it was the custom for a Prussian princess, immediately on leaving the company, to take her garter from her knee, and send it to the king, who tied one half of it round his own sword-knot, and sent the remainder, as the most attractive present he could offer, to a neighbouring and chivalrous monarch. See Times, June 2nd, 1853. In 1609, Lady Haughty, in Ben Jonson’s The Silent Woman, says, “We see no ensigns of a wedding here; no character of a bride ale; where be our scarves and our gloves? I pray you give them us. Let us know your bride’s colours and yours at least.” And again she indignantly asks, “No gloves? no garters? no scarves? no epithalamium? no masque?” (act iii, sc. 2). ↩

  3853. Captain John Perriman (see note 3377). ↩

  3854. Marguerite de Valois, Queen of Navarre, sister of Francis I of France. The “pretty story” was doubtless from her Heptaméron, a work imitating in title and matter the Decameron of Boccaccio. She is said to be the heroine of some of the adventures. It is fair to add that she wrote also the Miroir d’une Ame Pecheresse, translated into English by Queen Elizabeth, the title of whose book was A Godly Medytacyon of the Christian Soules, published by John Bale in 1548. —⁠B. ↩

  3855. Samuel Newman, born at Banbury, and educated at Oxford. He emigrated to New England in 1637, and died there in 1663. His Concordance of the Bible was first published in London in 1643. —⁠B. ↩

  3856. One regiment of which was commanded by Lord Gerard. —⁠B. ↩

  3857. The absurd practice of holding up drowning men by the heels, when taken out of the water, occasioned the loss of many lives. The object was to let the water run out! —⁠B. ↩

  3858. He kept the Three Stags tavern at Holborn Conduit. ↩

  3859. This was not the only time that Pepys took trouble to save the estate of a friend who had committed suicide. In the Caveat Book in the Record Office, p. 42 of the volume for 1677, is the following entry: “That no grant pass of the Estate of Francis Gurney of Maldon in Essex, who drowned himself in his own well on Tuesday night ye 12th of this instant August, at the desire of Samuel Pepys, Esquire, August 20, 1677.” ↩

  3860. Sir Francis Chaplin, clothworker, Sheriff 1668, and Lord Mayor in 1677. ↩

  3861. Dr. William Fuller, translated from Limerick, 1667. ↩

  3862. Buckden, parish of St. Neots district, Huntingdon, and in the diocese of Ely. The manor was given to the Bishops of Lincoln in the reign of Henry II. The palace was the residence of the bishops until 1838, when it was sold, and a new palace was provided for them. ↩

  3863. Godefroi d’Estrades, French ambassador in England in 1661. See note 1199. ↩

  3864. Dr. Edward Stillingfleet was rector of St. Andrew’s from 1664 to 1689, when he was promoted to the bishopric of Worcester. ↩

  3865. It is not clear who Betty Turner really was, but probably she was the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Turner of the Navy Office, and not of Serjeant John Turner, as suggested in a note on p. 71 of this volume. She appears to have been a friend of Theophila Turner, and is mentioned with her on January 4th and 6th, 1668⁠–⁠69. ↩

  3866. George Legge, the colonel’s eldest son, born 1647; captain, R.N., 1667; and in 1682 created Lord Dartmouth. ↩

  3867. A term for making a noise or disturbance.

    “Sing hi-ho, Sir Arthur, no more in the house you shall prate,
    For all you kept such a quarter, you are out of the Council of State.”

    Wright’s Political Ballads, p. 150

    ↩

  3868. In Fleet Street, opposite St. Dunstan’s church. ↩

  3869. The chief office of the Commissioners of Accounts was at Brooke House, Holborn, and they were sometimes styled the “Brooke House Committee.” Pepys went there on July 3rd, 1668. Durham Yard, Strand, may have been the residence of one of the commissioners. ↩

  3870. Dr. John Hacket, bishop 1661⁠–⁠71. ↩

  3871. Dr. Thomas Wood, consecrated bishop of this see in 1671. ↩

  3872. The Court of Arches. ↩

  3873. “Hacket was just the man for the time.⁠ ⁠… His clergy said the king must have the ‘old apostolic spirit of discerning,’ since he sent them a bishop so exactly to their minds.⁠ ⁠… Whilst Lichfield had thus the best of bishops, it had the worst of deans. In 1663 Thomas Wood (bishop 1671⁠–⁠92), son of a Court official, had paid £100 to Charles II, and got the deanery.⁠ ⁠… The whole chapter hated Wood, and sent a letter to the archbishop complaining that their stalls under such a dean were intolerable.”

    Beresford’s Lichfield (Diocesan Histories, S.P.C.K., pp. 246, 250

    ↩

  3874. William Godolphin, descended from a younger branch of that family, which was afterwards ennobled in the person of Sidney, Earl Godolphin, Lord Treasurer. William Godolphin was of Christ Church, Oxford, and graduated M.A., January 14th, 1660⁠–⁠61. He was afterwards secretary to Sir H. Bennet (Lord Arlington), and M.P. for Camelford. He was a great favourite at Court, and was knighted on August 28th, 1668. In the spring of 1669 he returned to Spain as Envoy Extraordinary, and in 1671 he became Ambassador. On July 11th, 1696, he died at Madrid, having been for some years a Roman Catholic. ↩

  3875. See December 13th, 1667. ↩

  3876. The royal pardon was thus announced in the Gazette of February 24th, 1668: “This day his Majesty was pleased to declare at the Board, that whereas, in contemplation of the eminent services heretofore done to his Majesty by most of the persons who were engaged in the late duel, or rencontre, wherein William Jenkins was killed, he doth graciously pardon the said offence: nevertheless, He is resolved from henceforth that on no pretence whatsoever any pardon shall be hereafter granted to any person whatsoever for killing of any man, in any duel or rencontre, but that the course of law shall wholly take place in all such cases.” The warrant for a pardon to George, Duke of Buckingham, is dated January 27th, 1668; and on the following day was issued, “Warrant for a grant to Francis, Earl of Shrewsbury, of pardon for killing William Jenkins, and for all duels, assaults, or batteries on George, Duke of Buckingham, Sir John Talbot, Sir Robert Holmes, or any other, whether indicted or not for the same, with restitution of lands, goods, etc.” (Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, pp. 192, 193). ↩

  3877. Lord Cornbury and Laurence Hyde. ↩

  3878. Dr. John Dolben, afterwards Archbishop of York. ↩

  3879. Dr. George Morley. ↩

  3880. Sir George Etherege, the celebrated wit and man of fashion. He was the author of three comedies, The Comical Revenge, or Love in a Tub (1664), She Would if She Could (1667), and The Man of Mode, or Sir Fopling Flutter (1676). He is said to have bought his knighthood in order to persuade a rich widow to marry him. He was sent to the Hague by Charles II, and in 1685 by James II to Ratisbon. He died at Paris in 1691. ↩

  3881. Shadwell confirms this complaint of Etherege’s in the preface to his own Humourists. He writes: “The last (viz. imperfect action) had like to have destroyed She Would if She Could, which I think (and I have the authority of some of the best judges in England for’t) is the best comedy that has been written since the Restoration of the Stage.” Harris played Sir Joslin Jolly. Downes says that it was inferior to Love in a Tub, but took well. ↩

  3882. I.e., suitor. ↩

  3883. See note 3835. ↩

  3884. Mrs. Lowther, here mentioned by her maiden name. ↩

  3885. Born at Kinsale in 1636, educated at Queen’s College, Oxford, and afterwards entered at Lincoln’s Inn. He was sworn one of the clerks of the Privy Council in 1664, and knighted in 1665. He was employed on several diplomatic missions, and in 1672 he was sent as Envoy Extraordinary to Portugal. William III appointed him Principal Secretary of State for Ireland. He was President of the Royal Society, 1690⁠–⁠95. Died 1702, at King’s-Weston, in Gloucestershire. His son Edward became Secretary of State, and his great-grandson succeeded to the ancient barony of De Clifford. ↩

  3886. The king’s speech is printed in Journals of the House of Lords (vol. xii, p. 181). It commences thus: “My Lords and Gentlemen, I am glad to see you here again, to tell you what I have done in this interval, which I am confident you will be pleased with, since it is so much for the honour and security of this nation.” ↩

  3887. Francis Pemberton, afterwards knighted, and made Lord Chief Justice of the King’s Bench in 1679. His career was a most singular one, he having been twice removed from the Bench, and twice imprisoned by the House of Commons. He twice returned to the bar, and after his second return he practised with great success as a serjeant for the next fourteen years till his death, June 10th, 1697. Evelyn says, “He was held to be the most learned of the judges and an honest man” (Diary, October 4th, 1683). ↩

  3888. The play in which Smith acted Zanga was Lord Orrery’s Mustapha. The cast, as given by Downes (Roscius Anglicanus, p. 26), was as follows:

    Suleiman the Magnificent Betterton
    Mustapha Harris
    Zanger Smith
    Rustan Sandford
    Pyrrhus Richards
    ⸻ Young
    Haly Cademan
    Roxalana Mrs. Davenport
    Queen of Hungaria Mrs. Davies

    Downes adds, with reference to the part of Roxalana, that it was afterwards played by Mrs. Betterton, and then “by one Mrs. Wiseman.” —⁠B. ↩

  3889. Thomas Edwards married Jane Birch in 1669, and died in 1681. Pepys interested himself to get their son, Samuel Edwards, into the Bluecoat School in 1682. See note 2263. ↩

  3890. There is a copy of Pepys’s letter to the Commissioners of Accounts in defence of himself in respect to the buying of East India prize goods in 1665, among the Rawlinson MSS. (Bodleian), A. 174 (301). ↩

  3891. The Lord Chamberlain’s Records contain a copy of a warrant dated July 12th, 1661, “to deliver to Mr. Killegrew thirty yards of velvet, three dozen of fringe, and sixteene yards of Damaske for the year 1661.” The heading of this entry is “Livery for ye jester” (Lowe’s Betterton, p. 70). ↩

  3892. George Tompson. See note 3808. ↩

  3893. “Feb. 1, 1668. Capt. J. Perriman to Sam. Pepys. Mark Croney, who bought the Leister wreck at Blackwall, says that Capt. Dorington, one of the owners, has forbidden his servants to work any more upon her, or to meddle with anything there, although Croney has paid his money for the wreck.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 206

    ↩

  3894. Secret service money. ↩

  3895. See 10th and 24th June, 1666. ↩

  3896. Of which Sir Philip was Governor. The account of the money expended by Sir P. Honiwood on the fortifications at Portsmouth, between August, 1665, and April, 1667, is in the Sloane MS., 873. —⁠B. ↩

  3897. See note 3303. ↩

  3898. Sir William Coventry’s love of money is said by Sir John Denham to have influenced him in promoting naval officers, who paid him for their commissions.

    “Then Painter! draw cerulian Coventry,
    Keeper, or rather Chancellor o’ th’ sea;
    And more exactly to express his hue,
    Use nothing but ultra-marinish blue.
    To pay his fees, the silver trumpet spends,
    And boatswain’s whistle for his place depends.
    Pilots in vain repeat their compass o’er,
    Until of him they learn that one point more:
    The constant magnet to the pole doth hold,
    Steel to the magnet, Coventry to gold.
    Muscovy sells us pitch, and hemp, and tar;
    Iron and copper, Sweden; Munster, war;
    Ashley, prize; Warwick, custom; Cart’ret, pay;
    But Coventry doth sell the fleet away.”

    —⁠B. ↩

  3899. See note 3447. ↩

  3900. This is a curious reference to the first use of an expression which has not obtained a permanent position in the language. ↩

  3901. The turquoise. This stone was sometimes referred to simply as the turkey, and Broderip (Zoological Recreations) conjectured that the bird (turkey) took its name from the blue or turquoise colour of the skin about its head. ↩

  3902. There are many references to Captain De la Roche among the State Papers (see note 3926). ↩

  3903. “The Earl of Sandwich was still at Lisbon, expecting in few days the return of the ratification of the Treaty from Madrid.”

    The London Gazette, No. 236

    —⁠B. ↩

  3904. This prologue, “spoken by Mrs. Ellen and Mrs. Nepp,” is prefixed to Sir R. Howard’s Great Favourite, or the Duke of Lerma, 4to, 1668. It is too dull to reprint; and the merit must have consisted more in the manner in which it was delivered, than in the matter, as it came from the pen of the author. —⁠B. ↩

  3905. Apparently Thomas Beckford (see note 868 and note 2690). ↩

  3906. Of Lowther, in Westmoreland, for which county he was knight of the shire before and at the Restoration. He had been made a baronet of Nova Scotia in 1640. —⁠B. ↩

  3907. Pepys here refers to the extraordinary proceedings which occurred between Charles, Lord Gerard, and Alexander Fitton, of which a narrative was published at the Hague in 1665. Granger was a witness in the cause, and was afterwards said to be conscience-stricken from his perjury. Some notice of this case will be found in North’s Examen, p. 558; but the copious and interesting note in Ormerod’s History of Cheshire, vol. iii, p. 291, will best satisfy the reader, who will not fail to be struck by the paragraph with which it is closed⁠—viz., “It is not improbable that Alexander Fitton, who, in the first instance, gained rightful possession of Gawsworth under an acknowledged settlement, was driven headlong into unpremeditated guilt by the production of a revocation by will which Lord Gerard had so long concealed. Having lost his own fortune in the prosecution of his claims, he remained in gaol till taken out by James II to be made Chancellor of Ireland (under which character Hume first notices him), was knighted, and subsequently created Lord Gawsworth after the abdication of James, sat in his parliament in Dublin in 1689, and then is supposed to have accompanied his fallen master to France. Whether the conduct of Fitton was met, as he alleges, by similar guilt on the part of Lord Gerard, God only can judge; but his hand fell heavily on the representatives of that noble house. In less than half a century the husbands of its two co-heiresses, James, Duke of Hamilton, and Charles, Lord Mohun, were slain by each other’s hands in a murderous duel arising out of a dispute relative to the partition of the Fitton estates, and Gawsworth itself passed to an unlineal hand, by a series of alienations complicated beyond example in the annals of this country.” —⁠B. ↩

  3908. See February 9th, ante. ↩

  3909. Musurgia Universalis, sive ars magna Consoni et Dissoni in X libros digesta, printed at Rome, in 1650, in two volumes, folio. The work of the learned but untrustworthy writer, Athanasius Kircher. ↩

  3910. Skinner. See May 1st, 1668. ↩

  3911. The comedy of Albumazar was originally printed in 1615, having been performed before James I at Trinity College, Cambridge, by the gentlemen of that society, of which John Tomkis, the author of the play, was a member, on March 9th, 1614. The assertion of Pepys (derived from Dryden’s prologue on the revival of the comedy in 1668) is refuted by the fact that Ben Jonson’s Alchymist was acted four years before Albumazar was produced⁠—namely, in 1610. This play will be found in vol. xi of Hazlitt’s edition of Dodsley’s Old Plays. Angell was one of the original performers in Davenant’s company; but early in his career he acted, as Downes informs us, “women’s parts,” from which he was of course excluded as soon as actresses were substituted. He then seems to have taken up broad comedy; and besides Trinculo, in Albumazar, we find him performing Woodcock, in Shadwell’s Sullen Lovers, a droll part in Lord Orrery’s Master Anthony, and Fribble, in Epsom Wells. ↩

  3912. Sir Thomas Fanshawe, K.B., who was created Viscount Fanshawe, of Ireland, in 1661, died in 1665, leaving three sons⁠—Thomas, the Lord Fanshawe here mentioned, and Charles and Simon, who became successively the fourth and fifth viscounts. It is uncertain which of these two is here alluded to. Sir Richard Fanshawe, before noticed, was the youngest brother of the first Lord. —⁠B. ↩

  3913. The Order in Council for this meeting of Sir John Minnes, Sir William Penn, and some of the Brethren of the Trinity House, with the Duke of York, is dated February 21st. It is printed in Penn’s Life of Sir W. Penn, vol. ii, p. 460. ↩

  3914. See note 3901. ↩

  3915. Ibrahim, ou l’illustre Bassa. It was the first of that almost interminable series of “Twelve vast French romances, neatly gilt,” published by Madeleine de Scudéry. It was printed in 1641. —⁠B. ↩

  3916. Christopher Gibbons, organist to the king, and of Westminster Abbey. See note 1070. ↩

  3917. John Dolben, afterwards Archbishop of York. ↩

  3918. The Bishop of Rochester’s wife was Catherine, daughter of Ralph Sheldon, of Stanton, Derbyshire, and niece of Gilbert Sheldon, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury. His two sons were Gilbert (1658⁠–⁠1722), who afterwards became one of the judges of the Common Pleas in Ireland, and was created a baronet in 1704; and John Dolben (1662⁠–⁠1710), who was M.P. for Liskeard, and one of the managers of Sacheverell’s impeachment. ↩

  3919. A scholar appointed to make a satirical and jesting speech at an Act in the University of Oxford. Mr. Christopher Wordsworth gives, in his Social Life at the English Universities in the Eighteenth Century, 1874, a list of terræ-filii from 1591 to 1713 (pp. 296⁠–⁠298, 680). The terræ filius was sometimes expelled the university on account of the licence of his speech. The practice was discontinued early in the eighteenth century, but a terræ filius appeared on the stage as late as 1763⁠—“he was not, however, a veritable descendant of those quasi-statutable personages who claimed a right, as established by the ancient forms of the university, to exercise their talents for satire and raillery at every celebration of the Act” (Wilberforce, p. 306). ↩

  3920. Theatre company of young actors in training. ↩

  3921. The Spanish Tragedy, or Hieronymo Is Mad Again, by Thomas Kyd; frequently printed from about 1594. It is included in Dodsley’s Old Plays (Hazlitt’s edition, vol. v). ↩

  3922. John Mason. ↩

  3923. A pastoral comedy, from the Pastor Fido of Guarini, a translation of which, by D. D., Gent., was published in 1633. ↩

  3924. M.P. for Ludlow; and in 1673 elected Speaker, which office he resigned on the plea of ill health. He was successively King’s Serjeant, 1668; Chief Justice of Chester, and a Justice of the Common Pleas (1680⁠–⁠1686). He was restored to his Chief Justiceship of Chester, and created a baronet, 1686; and died May 27th, 1697. ↩

  3925. A tragedy by Massinger and Decker. See February 16th, 1660⁠–⁠61. ↩

  3926. “Feb. 27, 1668. Hugh Salesbury to Williamson. Sir Thomas Allin has appeared in sight from the Downs with 4 ships named. He met Capt. De la Roche with another French man-of-war, and commanded him aboard, where he now remains; he is stayed for having Capt. [Wm.] Skelton and 200 or 300 English sailors aboard him. Sir Thomas and the French ships are riding at anchor at Spithead.”

    “Feb. 27. ⸻ to Williamson. Mons. De la Roche, with his consort, after having left Sir Thomas Allin 2 hours, was forced back by the weather, and then Sir Thomas, having received orders, stopped him, and took from him a small Ostender, which he had taken out of one of our harbours, and also 103 (sic) Englishmen, together with Lieut. Col. Skelton.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 251

    ↩

  3927. The goldsmith. ↩

  3928. Mr. (afterwards Sir John) Tippets. See note 1385. ↩

  3929. Named in The Gazette Charles the Second, and to carry 106 guns. It replaced the one captured by the Dutch in the Medway. —⁠B. ↩

  3930. Of Hartwell, Bucks; created a baronet, 1660. —⁠B. ↩

  3931. Henry Coventry. ↩

  3932. Sir Heneage Finch. See note 634. ↩

  3933. The king. ↩

  3934. The order of precedence of peers of Scotland and Ireland was settled by the respective acts of union of Scotland and Ireland, thus⁠—dukes of Scotland follow dukes of England, then come in the following order dukes of Great Britain, of Ireland, and of the United Kingdom. Each degree in the peerage follows the same order. ↩

  3935. The Spanish Gipsie, a comedy by Thomas Middleton and William Rowley, first printed in 1653. ↩

  3936. The famous Joseph Haines or Haynes, who was so popular that two biographies of him were printed in 1701, after his death. One of them, entitled, The Life of the Famous Comedian, Jo. Haynes, containing his Comical Exploits and Adventures, both at Home and Abroad, 8vo, states that he had acted under Captain Bedford, “whilst the playhouse in Hatton Garden lasted.” This would therefore seem to be the “Nursery” alluded to by Pepys. Haines was a low comedian and a capital dancer. He was educated at the school of St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields, and was sent to Queen’s College, Oxford, by some friends who bore the expense. Williamson on being appointed Secretary of State made Haines his Latin secretary. Haines kept this appointment a very short time, and took to the stage. One dramatic piece is attributed to him, A Fatal Mistake, or the Plot Spoiled, 4to, 1692, 1696. ↩

  3937. He entered the theatre upon credit. See ante, December 30th, 1667. ↩

  3938. Edward Boscawen, M.P. for Truro, ancestor of the present Viscount Falmouth. —⁠B. ↩

  3939. Sir Thomas Halford, of Wistowe, Leicestershire, the second baronet of his race: he was born in 1638, and died in 1679, having succeeded to his grandfather’s titles and estates in 1658, and had twenty-two children by his first wife, Selina, daughter of William Welby, Esq., of Denton, Lincolnshire. No other notice of the duel has been traced. —⁠B. ↩

  3940. A Commissioner of Customs. He was a younger son of the first Lord Newport, of High Ercall, Salop. —⁠B. ↩

  3941. At the meeting of the Royal Society on March 12th, 1668, “Mr. Smethwick’s glasses were tried again; and his telescope being compared with another longer telescope, and the object-glasses exchanged, was still found to exceed the other in goodness; and his burning concave being compared with a spherical burning-glass of almost twice the diameter, and held to the fire, it burnt gloves, whereas the other spherical ones would not burn at all.”⁠—“Sir Robert Southwell being lately returned from Portugal, where he had been ambassador from the king, and being desired to acquaint the society with what he had done with respect to the instructions, which he had received from them before his departure from England, related, that he had lodged the astronomical quadrant, which the society had sent to Portugal to make observations with there, with a body of men at Lisbon, who had applied themselves among other kinds of literature to mathematics” (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, p. 256). ↩

  3942. “Briske. A fellow that never wore a noble and polite garniture, or a white periwig, one that has not a bit of interest at Chatolin’s, or ever ate a good fricacy, sup, or ragoust in his life.”

    Shadwell’s Humourists, act v

    ↩

  3943. A pewter cistern was formerly part of the furniture of a well-appointed dining room; the plates were rinsed in it, when necessary, during the meal. A magnificent silver cistern is still preserved in the dining room at Burghley House, the seat of the Marquis of Exeter. It is said to be the largest piece of plate in England, and was once the subject of a curious wager. —⁠B. ↩

  3944. The same as Morland’s so-called calculating machine. Sir Samuel published in 1673 The Description and Use of Two Arithmetic Instruments, Together with a Short Treatise of Arithmetic, as Likewise a Perpetual Almanac and Severall Useful Tables. ↩

  3945. See August 27th, 1660. ↩

  3946. Of the Household. ↩

  3947. “Panteon, a term given by the Spaniards to a Christian burial vault.⁠ ⁠… Philip III began the present gorgeous chamber under the high altar, which Philip IV completed in 1654, moving in the royal bodies on the 17th of March. The entrance, with its gilt ornaments and variegated marbles, has nothing in common with the sepulchral sentiment.”

    Ford’s Handbook for Spain

    ↩

  3948. The sermon here referred to was preached by a monk of the order of St. Jerome in 1654; part of it was translated by the Rev. Edward Clarke, who calls it the most extraordinary funeral sermon he ever met with (Clarke’s Letters Concerning the Spanish Nation, 1763, p. 141). ↩

  3949. John Ball, Treasurer of Excise. In a petition to the king, praying for a pension (dated September 2nd, 1668), he writes:

    “I served your majesty and your father in England and Ireland for 30 years, and lived in exile with your majesty until your restoration, finding the funds out of my private estate for 23 years, and receiving no pay nor gratuity. After the restoration, when the excise was settled on your majesty by Act of Parliament, I was constituted Treasurer of Excise, which office I held seven years, but the Treasury Commissioners upon the alteration of the management of that revenued is missed me from my employment.”

    On the 14th of the same month Ball was granted £200 in consideration of his loss of a salary of £400 a year (Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68 pp. 566, 585). ↩

  3950. This must have been Florio’s translation, as Cotton’s was not published until 1685. ↩

  3951. The Life of the Thrice Noble, High, and Puissant Prince, William Cavendish, Duke⁠ ⁠… of Newcastle, by his duchess, of which the first edition, in folio, was published in 1667. ↩

  3952. William Acworth, storekeeper at Woolwich, was accused of converting stores to his own use (see Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 279). ↩

  3953. Edward Reynolds, Preacher of Lincoln’s Inn, was appointed Dean of Oxford in 1648, but ejected in 1650. He was restored March 13th, 1659⁠–⁠60, but was forced to quit soon afterwards. He was consecrated Bishop of Norwich, January 13th, 1660⁠–⁠61. He died July 28th, 1676, aged seventy-six. ↩

  3954. Ann Pett, writing to Pepys from Woolwich, March 26th, 1668, says:

    “My husband died last Sunday, and has left me in a mean condition, having spent by losses and sickness my own estate and his, and I have four children and am £300 in debt. His sickness has cost, since he came to Woolwich, £700, besides what is now to pay. I entreat you to assist me in obtaining £500 due to my husband, as also money owing in the yard, and to stand my friend to the Navy Commissioners, that I may continue in my house some time longer; my husband always attended to his majesty’s service, and never looked after his own concerns.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 308

    ↩

  3955. It was customary for the apprentices of the metropolis to avail themselves of their holidays, especially on Shrove Tuesday, to search after women of ill fame, and to confine them during the season of Lent. See a Satyre Against Separatists, 1642.

    “Stand forth, Shrove Tuesday, one a’ the silenc’st bricklayers;
    ’Tis in your charge to pull down bawdyhouses.”

    Middleton’s Inner Temple Masque, 1619, Works, ed. Bullen, vii, 209

    ↩

  3956. The Clerkenwell Bridewell, although built in 1615, was long known as the New Prison; it stood on the site afterwards occupied by the House of Detention in Clerkenwell Close. ↩

  3957. Now, as being the father of Lady Hinchingbrooke, connected with Pepys. —⁠B. ↩

  3958. Sir W. Davenant’s last play, a comedy published in 1669. The plot is taken from two plays of Scarron⁠—Jodelet, ou le Maître Valet, and L’Héritière Ridicule. The scene is laid in Madrid. ↩

  3959. Sandford.

    “This comedy in general was very well perform’d, especially the Master by Mr. Harris; the man by Mr. Underbill. Mr. Harris and Mr. Sandford singing the epilogue like two street Ballad-singers.”

    Downes, p. 30

    ↩

  3960. Sir Thomas Adams was born at Wem, in Shropshire, in 1586, and after being educated at Cambridge, carried on business as a draper in London. Sheriff, 1639; Lord Mayor, 1645. He was kept in the Tower for some time on account of his loyalty to the king. He was one of the deputies sent by the City to the Hague to attend on Charles II on his return from Breda to London, and was there knighted. He was created a baronet, June 13th, 1660. He founded the free school at Wem, as well as the Arabic Lecture at Cambridge. He died February 24th, 1667⁠–⁠68. The shock caused by a fall from his coach displaced the stone mentioned by Pepys, and led to fatal consequences (Dict. of Nat. Biog.). The stone was exhibited at the Royal Society (March 26th, 1668), the exact weight being 22⅜ oz. Troy (Birch’s History, vol. ii, p. 260). ↩

  3961. Samuel Cooper (1609⁠–⁠1672) was living in Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, in 1645, and he was still there when Pepys visited him. ↩

  3962. Duchess of Richmond. ↩

  3963. Sir Francis Pemberton and Sir Dudley North. ↩

  3964. Jane, his second wife, daughter of Cheney Selherst, of Tenterden, and relict of Edward Austen. ↩

  3965. “March 30, 1668. The King to the Duke of York. The French fleet, under the Duke de Beaufort, is come to sea, and intends to cruise in the Channel; you are to order Sir Thos. Allin, admiral of the westward squadron, if he find the French fleet at sea, and much exceeding him in strength, to repair to the Downs with his own squadron and Sir Edw. Spragg’s, leaving 2 vessels to give advice, and to inform him if the French fleet sails up the Channel. If it be at sea, and not too strong for him, he is to pursue his former instructions.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 314

    ↩

  3966. The Ring in Hyde Park. ↩

  3967. The Origin of Forms and Qualities, According to the Corpuscular Philosophy, by the Hon. Robert Boyle. Oxford, 1666, 4to. ↩

  3968. At Deptford. ↩

  3969. A box to hold bottles.

    “Run for the cellar of strong waters quickly.”

    Ben Jonson, Magnetic Lady, act iii, sc. 1

    ↩

  3970. The Royal Society at this time was very persistent in its attempts to get money. At a meeting of the council on April 13th, Lord Berkeley and the Bishop of Salisbury were desired to ask in the House of Peers the bishops of the society for contributions. The president and Henry Howard, of Norfolk, were desired to speak to the temporal lords of the society for the same purpose. “Henry Howard, of Norfolk, accordingly took a list of several lords and gentlemen in order to solicit their contributions” (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, p. 265). ↩

  3971. At this meeting (April 2), “Mr. Hooke produced a glass receiver for the improvement of hearing. Being tried by holding the neck of it to the ear, it was found that a stronger sound was conveyed by it, than would have been without it. It was ordered, that at the next meeting there should be brought a better and larger receiver for hearing” (Birch, vol. ii, p. 261). ↩

  3972. Otacousticon, an instrument to facilitate hearing, or ear-trumpet.

    Ronca Sir, this is called an autocousticon.
    Pandolfo Autocousticon! Why, ’tis a pair of ass’s ears, and large ones.
    Albumazar, i 3

    ↩

  3973. Marin Mersenne (1588⁠–⁠1648) published in 1637 (in two volumes folio) his work entitled, L’Harmonie Universelle, contenant la théorie et la pratique de la Musique. The author translated it into Latin, and enlarged it (1648). Mersenne was highly esteemed by Descartes. ↩

  3974. Philip Herbert, fifth Earl of Pembroke, and second Earl of Montgomery. Died December 11th, 1669. ↩

  3975. Mr. Julian Marshall quotes this passage in illustration of the necessity for keeping a good temper during the game of tennis and the difficulty of doing so (Annals of Tennis, p. 205). ↩

  3976. Four were executed on May 9th, namely, Thomas Limmerick, Edward Cotton, Peter Massenger, and Richard Beasley. They were drawn, hanged, and quartered at Tyburn, and two of their heads fixed upon London Bridge (The London Gazette, No. 259). See The Trials of Such Persons as Under the Notion of London Apprentices Were Tumultuously Assembled in Moore Fields, Under Colour of Pulling Down Bawdyhouses, 4to, London, 1668. “It is to be observed,” says The London Gazette, “to the just vindication of the City, that none of the persons apprehended upon the said tumult were found to be apprentices, as was given out, but some idle persons, many of them nursed in the late Rebellion, too readily embracing any opportunity of making their own advantages to the disturbance of the peace, and injury of others.” ↩

  3977. Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Anthony Irby. —⁠B. ↩

  3978. “The Poor Whores’ Petition to the most splendid, illustrious, serene and eminent Lady of Pleasure the Countess of Castlemayne, etc., signed by us, Madam Cresswell and Damaris Page, this present 25th day of March, 1668.” This sham petition occasioned a pretended answer, entitled, “The Gracious Answer of the Most Illustrious Lady of Pleasure, the Countess of Castlem⁠ ⁠… to the Poor Whores’ Petition.” It is signed, “Given at our Closset, in King Street, Westminster, die Veneris, April 24, 1668. Castlem.⁠ ⁠…” Compare Evelyn, April 2nd, 1668. ↩

  3979. Lady Carnegy. See March 19th, 1664⁠–⁠65. ↩

  3980. The disgusting story of Lord Carnegy’s (Earl of Southesk) revenge is also told in the Grammont Memoirs, chap. viii. ↩

  3981. A comedy by the Hon. James Howard. See December 8th, 1666. ↩

  3982. He died the same day, April 7th. ↩

  3983. Frances Davenport, the eldest sister of Elizabeth Davenport, the famous Roxalana. In previous editions the name has been printed incorrectly as Davenant. ↩

  3984. Charles Hart (see note 3602). This name has been printed in previous editions as Hall. ↩

  3985. A tragedy by Sir W. Davenant. ↩

  3986. The recorder was a reed instrument, but on the side near the mouthpiece there was a hole covered with a piece of bladder, which modified the quality of the sound. ↩

  3987. Afterwards Sir John Holmes, Governor of Usk Castle. His grandson, Thomas, was created Lord Holmes of Kilmallock. ↩

  3988. Margaret, sister of Anthony Lowther, who had married Margaret Penn. The marriage licence of John Holmes, of St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields, bachelor, about 28, and Margaret Lowther of the same, spinster, aged 20, is dated April 6th, 1668 (Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, 1887, col. 702). ↩

  3989. Paulina, lately married to Mr. Jackson. ↩

  3990. See note 3954. ↩

  3991. Davenant’s house adjoined the theatre. ↩

  3992. Henry Brouncker. ↩

  3993. The proceedings against Harman will be found in the Journals of the House of Commons, April 17th, 1668. —⁠B. ↩

  3994. The entries from April 10th to April 19th are transcribed from three leaves (six pages) of rough notes, which are inserted in the MS. Eight pages are left blank for the insertion of the amplified Diary; but apparently Pepys never found time to write up the missing entries, and therefore inserted the rough notes when he came to bind the Diary. These notes are interesting as showing how the journals were compiled. It will be seen that the rough notes were made to serve for a sort of account book, but the amounts paid are not registered in the fair copy. ↩

  3995. Probably the Golden Legend of Jac. de Voragine; there were several early editions of the English version. —⁠B. ↩

  3996. The Folly was a floating house of entertainment on the Thames, which at this time was a fashionable resort. ↩

  3997. By Beaumont and Fletcher (see note 1063). ↩

  3998. A comedy by Sir Robert Howard. Mrs. Knepp played Emilia. ↩

  3999. Musical Compendium, Translated by a Person of Honour. London, 1653. 4to. This work of Descartes was translated by Viscount Brouncker. ↩

  4000. The story alluded to by Pepys, which belongs not to the reign of Richard III, but to that of Edward VI, occurred during a seditious outbreak at Bodmin, in Cornwall, and is thus related by Holinshed: “At the same time, and near the same place [Bodmin], dwelled a miller, that had been a great doer in that rebellion, for whom also Sir Anthony Kingston sought: but the miller being thereof warned, called a good tall fellow that he had to his servant, and said unto him, ‘I have business to go from home; if any therefore come to ask for me, say thou art the owner of the mill, and the man for whom they shall so ask, and that thou hast kept this mill for the space of three years; but in no wise name me.’ The servant promised his master so to do. And shortly after, came Sir Anthony Kingston to the miller’s house, and calling for the miller, the servant came forth, and answered that he was the miller. ‘How long,’ quoth Sir Anthony, ‘hast thou kept this mill?’ He answered, ‘Three years.’⁠—‘Well, then,’ said he, ‘come on: thou must go with me;’ and caused his men to lay hands on him, and to bring him to the next tree, saying to him, ‘Thou hast been a busy knave, and therefore here shalt thou hang.’ Then cried the fellow out, and said that he was not the miller, but the miller’s man. ‘Well, then,’ said Sir Anthony, ‘thou art a false knave to be in two tales: therefore,’ said he, ‘hang him up;’ and so incontinently hanged he was indeed. After he was dead, one that was present told Sir Anthony, ‘Surely, sir, this was but the miller’s man.’⁠—‘What then!’ said he, ‘could he ever have done his master better service than to hang for him?’ ” —⁠B. ↩

  4001. See January 17th, 1668. ↩

  4002. The first part of the entry for April 20th is among the rough notes, and stands as follows: “Monday 20. Up and busy about answer to Committee of Accounts this morning about several questions which vexed me though in none I have reason to be troubled. But the business of The Flying Greyhound begins to find me some care, though in that I am wholly void of blame.” This may be compared with the text. ↩

  4003. Sir William Hooker, grocer. Sheriff of London in 1665, afterwards knighted, and Lord Mayor in 1674. His daughter was Anne, who married Sir John Lethieulier, of Sutton Place, Kent, Sheriff of London in 1674. —⁠B. ↩

  4004. From sitting as a member pending the impeachment. —⁠B. ↩

  4005. At Romney, which Henry Brouncker represented. —⁠B. ↩

  4006. Sir Charles Berkeley, jun. was chosen in his room. In the sea-fight off Southwold Bay on June 3rd, 1665, the English triumphed over the Dutch, but the very considerable victory was not followed up. During the night, while the Duke of York slept, Henry Brouncker, his groom of the bedchamber, ordered the lieutenant to shorten sail, by which means the progress of the whole fleet was retarded, the Duke of York’s being the leading ship. The duke affirmed that he first heard of Brouncker’s unjustifiable action in July, and yet he kept the culprit in his service for nearly two years after the offence had come to his knowledge. After Brouncker had been dismissed from the duke’s service, the House of Commons ejected him. The whole matter is one of the unsolved difficulties of history. See Lister’s Life of Clarendon, ii, 334, 335. ↩

  4007. The famous Cock tavern (formerly the Cock and Bottle) in Fleet Street, opposite Middle Temple Gate, was pulled down to make room for the Law Courts branch of the Bank of England (erected 1888). Some of the old fittings were removed to No. 22 on the south side of the street, where the revived Cock was opened in 1888. ↩

  4008. Nicholas Fouquet, Surintendant des Finances in France, had built at Vaux a house which surpassed in magnificence any palace belonging to Louis XIV, prior to the erection of Versailles, and caused much envy to all the Court, especially to Colbert. “On voyait partout dans cette maison les armes at la devise de Fouquet; c’est un ecureuil, avec ces paroles, Quò non ascendant? ‘Où ne monterai-je point?’ Le Roi se les fit expliquer. L’ambition de cette devise ne servit pas à apaiser le monarque. Les courtisans remarquèrent que l’ecureuil était peint partout poursuivi par un couleuvre, qui était les armes de Colbert!” Fouquet died at Pignerol in 1680, after nineteen years’ incarceration; and whilst Pepys was buying his books in London, Colbert had become prime minister in France, and Colbert’s brother ambassador in England. The viper had caught the squirrel! —⁠B. ↩

  4009. Probably Los Claros Varones, The Celebrated Men, of Fernando del Pulgar, historiographer to Isabella and Ferdinand. He was ambitious to be thought the Plutarch of his nation, whence the title of his book. However, the book meant by Pepys may be, Varones ilustres del Nuevo Mundo, descubridores, conquistadores, pacificadores de las Indias Occidentales, by Fernando Pizarro y Orellana; printed at Madrid in 1639. —⁠B. ↩

  4010. Balty St. Michel and his wife. ↩

  4011. The Baron de Bergeick? —⁠B. ↩

  4012. Letitia Isabella, daughter of Sir John Smith, of Kent. Lord Robartes’s first wife was Lady Lucy, daughter of Robert Rich, second Earl of Warwick, the mother of Robert Robartes, here mentioned, who had married Sarah, daughter and heir of John Bodvile, of Bodvile Castle, in Caernarvonshire. He died, s. p., in 1681, while ambassador to Denmark, having assumed the title of Viscount Bodmin, upon his fathers elevation to the earldom of Radnor, in 1679. —⁠B. See note 2152. ↩

  4013. William Wintershall, or Wintersell, was one of the original actors under Killigrew, at Drury Lane, and played the king in The Humourous Lieutenant, at the opening of that theatre. He was also Sir Amorous in Ben Jonson’s Silent Woman; Subtle in the Alchemist; the king in Henry the Fourth, etc. Downes (Roscius Anglicanus, p. 17) says, “Mr. Wintersell was good in tragedy, as well as in comedy, especially in Cokes, in Bartholomew Fair, that the famous comedian, Nokes, came, in that part, far short of him.” He was an excellent instructor, and died in July, 1679. One of his best comic parts, to the last, was Master Slender, which John Dennis praises highly. ↩

  4014. “April 2. The Resolution, a new ship, is rigging at Harwich.”

    “May 6. The Resolution has sailed to Erith.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, pp. 324, 377

    ↩

  4015. Was this Benjamin Vandeputt, draper, Sheriff of London in 1685? —⁠B. ↩

  4016. See note 1075. ↩

  4017. Here ends the fifth volume of the original MS. ↩

  4018. The dispute here alluded to had its origin in a petition against the East India Company, presented to the Peers by Thomas Skinner, a merchant, which led to the memorable quarrel between the two Houses of Parliament upon a question of privilege. The particulars of the case are detailed in Lingard’s History of England, vol. xii, p. 234, fourth edition. The session was prorogued without the matter being settled, and the dispute was only adjusted in 1670 by the Peers consenting to the expedient proposed by the Commons, that a general razure should be made of all the transactions relating to the disputed point. Anchitel Grey, in his Debates, vol. i, p. 150, speaking of the quarrel between the two Houses, states, that in order to reconcile them, the king recommended the entries relating thereto should be erased from their journals. Grey, however, has preserved an account of this memorable case. —⁠B. ↩

  4019. A comedy by Thomas Shadwell, published in 1668. ↩

  4020. It is given at length in the parliamentary histories. —⁠B. ↩

  4021. The Duke of Ormonde, Lord Lieutenant 1643⁠–⁠47, 1648⁠–⁠50, 1662⁠–⁠69, 1677⁠–⁠85. ↩

  4022. A parish in Huntingdonshire, seven miles N.W. of Huntingdon. ↩

  4023. “Whilst Positive walks, like Woodcock in the park,
    Contriving projects with a brewer’s clerk.”

    Andrew Marvell’s Instructions to a Painter, part iii, to which is subjoined the following note: “Sir Robert Howard, and Sir William Bucknell, the brewer.” —⁠Works, ed. by Capt. E. Thompson, vol. iii, p. 405. —⁠B. ↩

  4024. Lord Braybrooke supposes this to be Margaret Hughes, but it seems scarcely possible that this actress, described as “newly come,” could be the mistress of Prince Rupert, who was one of the original actresses of the King’s Company, and was the first woman to act Desdemona. ↩

  4025. The song in Sir C. Sedley’s play, The Mulberry Garden, is “Ah, Cloris, that I now could sit;” the author of which, until within these few years, was supposed to be a Scotchman, from the circumstance of its having been sung to a Scotch air, called “Gilderoy.” Banister’s music to it has not been discovered. —⁠B. ↩

  4026. Marylebone Gardens, situated in the fields at the back of the manor house, on ground now occupied by Beaumont Street and part of Devonshire Street. The carriage entrance was in High Street, Marylebone. ↩

  4027. The Duchess of Richmond, who had recently been ill of the smallpox. —⁠B. ↩

  4028. Subsequently named after the title of Cleveland conferred on Lady Castlemaine, and now preserved in the names of Cleveland Row and Cleveland Square. It stood on the site of the present Bridgewater House. ↩

  4029. “The Prince’s Chamber stood on the north side of Palace Yard, and the Sovereigns passed through it in their way to the old House of Lords.”

    Smith’s Antiquities of Westminter

    —⁠B. ↩

  4030. The Impertinents. ↩

  4031. She never recovered from this lameness. See May 15th, post. —⁠B. ↩

  4032. The usual form at this day. —⁠B. ↩

  4033. Sir Samuel Barnadiston (1620⁠–⁠1707), of Brightwell Hall, Suffolk, created a baronet May 11th, 1663, and described in the patent as of “irreproachable loyalty.” ↩

  4034. Of which he was Deputy-Governor. ↩

  4035. This “odd case” was that of Thomas Skinner and the East India Company. According to Ralph, the Commons had ordered Skinner, the plaintiff, into the custody of the Serjeant-at-Arms, and the Lords did the same by Sir Samuel Barnadiston, deputy-governor of the company, as likewise Sir Andrew Rickard, Mr. Rowland Gwynn, and Mr. Christopher Boone. —⁠B. ↩

  4036. Lady Sandwich. ↩

  4037. So called from the palace of the bishops of Durham from the thirteenth century. Bishop Hatfield rebuilt the house in 1345. It stood on the site of the buildings now called the Adelphi, and the name is preserved in Durham Street. ↩

  4038. See July 7th, post. ↩

  4039. See April 22nd, 1668. ↩

  4040. Chiffinch. ↩

  4041. The Duke of Newcastle’s play. See October 26th, 1661. ↩

  4042. The Loriners, or Lorimers (bit-makers), of London are by reputation an ancient mistery, but they were first incorporated by letters patent of 10 Queen Anne (December 3rd, 1711). Their small hall was at the corner of Basinghall Street in London Wall. The company has no hall now. ↩

  4043. See May 9th. ↩

  4044. Lord Fairfax. ↩

  4045. A comedy by Fletcher, first acted in 1622 (Beaumont and Fletcher’s Comedies and Tragedies, 1647). Genest does not mention the revival of the play at this date. ↩

  4046. Trinity Monday. ↩

  4047. Probably in Bloomsbury Square, the north side of which was then occupied by Southampton House, the town residence of the late Lord Treasurer Southampton. Lord Bellasis began to build in St. James’s Square in 1670, and occupied the house at the corner of Charles Street (now Derby House) in 1688⁠–⁠89 (Dasent’s St. James’s Square, 1895). ↩

  4048. See note 3833. ↩

  4049. Who resided at the mansion afterwards called Kensington Palace. In 1661 Sir Heneage Finch, son of the Recorder of London, purchased this property from his younger brother, Sir John Finch, M.D., and which, after his advancement to the peerage, obtained the name of Nottingham House. In 1691 it was purchased by King William. Dryden has finely drawn the character of Sir Heneage Finch in the poem of Absalom and Achitophel, under the name of Amri. —⁠Faulkner’s Kensington. —⁠B. ↩

  4050. John Vaughan, M.P., the celebrated lawyer, who is frequently mentioned in the Diary. He took an active part in the proceedings against Lord Chancellor Clarendon, and was rewarded with the Chief Justiceship of the Common Pleas in May, 1668, when he was knighted. ↩

  4051. Samuel Sorbière’s original work was published at Cologne in 1667, and entitled Relation d’un Voyage en Angleterre. It was afterwards translated into English. ↩

  4052. Clerk of the Council. ↩

  4053. “You cannot have forgot what happened to that ugly Beau Bovey, in the time of King Charles the Second:

    “ ‘Bovey’s a beauty, if some few agree
    To call him so; the rest to that degree
    Affected are that with their ears they see.’ ”

    Dennis’s Letters, 8vo, 1721, vol. i, p. 42

    He is mentioned by Oldham in his Imitation of Boileau:

    “Gold to the loathsom’st object gives a grace,
    And sets it off, and makes ev’n Bovey please.”

    And in a note we find this description of Bovey⁠—“An old battered court-fop of those times.” —⁠B. ↩

  4054. See note 4023. ↩

  4055. On the site of the present Buckingham Palace and gardens. Originally a garden of mulberry trees, planted by James I in 1609 with the intention of cultivating the manufacture of English silks. ↩

  4056. In 1666 the site of Merton, alias Martin Priory, was conveyed by Ellis Crispe to Thomas Pepys, of Hatcham Barnes, Master of the Jewel Office to Charles II and James II. —⁠Manning’s Surrey. —⁠B. ↩

  4057. Henry Alcocke. ↩

  4058. There is a farthing token of “Edw. Nourse next the Bull in Bishopsgate Street, 1666” (Boyne’s Trade Tokens, ed. Williamson, vol. i, 1889, p. 534). ↩

  4059. Bishop Stortford. ↩

  4060. See note 3667. ↩

  4061. John Pepys and Mr. Jackson. ↩

  4062. John Hollins, of Medley, in Yorkshire; admitted a pensioner of Magdalene College, March, 1651. —⁠B. ↩

  4063. John Peachell, afterwards master. ↩

  4064. The meditations on death, and prayers used by Charles I shortly before his execution, are printed at the end of the Είκων βασιλική. ↩

  4065. Epping Forest. ↩

  4066. The palace of Theobalds, where James I died. ↩

  4067. Juste au corps. ↩

  4068. Sir John Shaw’s Flanders hemp was rejected by the Navy Commissioners. William Bodham, writing from Woolwich Ropeyard, May 12th, 1668, says:

    “There are 15 or 16 tons of Sir John Shaw’s Flanders hemp thrown by and refused; it must be weighed and taken away before he can tell what the net will be, and make out bills. Asks orders how to rate a portion of it, as out of 35 tons 15 or 16 were ejected.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 387

    ↩

  4069. Afterwards Sir Robert Sawyer, Attorney-General, ancestor of the Earls of Carnarvon, who inherit High Clere from him. —⁠B. ↩

  4070. John Donne, D.D. (1573⁠–⁠1631), was brought up as a Roman Catholic, and spent his early life as a courtier, being for a time secretary to Lord Keeper Egerton. He was forty-two years of age when he took orders. In 1621, five years after ordination, he became Dean of St. Paul’s. ↩

  4071. John Lambert, the parliamentary general, was born at Calton Hall, in the parish of Kirkby-Malhamdale, in Yorkshire, September 7th, 1619, and married September 10th, 1639, Frances, daughter of Sir William Lister, of Thornton, his neighbour, who seems to be the Lady Lambert of whom Pepys speaks (History of Malham, 8vo, 1786, Appendix, p. 18). His wife and two of his daughters were with him in 1673 during his confinement in Plymouth Sound (see note 51). ↩

  4072. Mersenne’s Harmonie Universelle. See note 3973. ↩

  4073. See August 1st, 1667. ↩

  4074. A tragicomedy by Beaumont and Fletcher. See note 1248. ↩

  4075. See September 3rd, 1661. ↩

  4076. She died January 15th, 1757, aged ninety-six! —⁠B. ↩

  4077. Evidently adopted as a cant expression. The woman here alluded to was a procuress well known in her day, and described in the Tatler (No. 84) as “the celebrated Madam Bennet.” We further learn, from the Spectator (No. 266), that she was the Lady B. to whom Wycherley addressed his ironical dedication of The Plain Dealer, which is considered as a masterpiece of raillery. It is worthy of remark that the fair sex may justly complain of almost every word in the English language designating a woman having, at some time or another, been used as a term of reproach; for we find Mother, Madam, Mistress, and Miss, all denoting women of bad character; and here Pepys adds the title of my Lady to the number, and completes the ungracious catalogue. —⁠B. ↩

  4078. Pepys here alludes to Sir Nicholas Cully (Nokes’s character) in Etherege’s Comical Revenge, or Love in a Tub. —⁠B. ↩

  4079. In Cannon Row. ↩

  4080. What this story may have been it would now be futile to inquire. It evidently gave great amusement to Pepys. See May 14th and 28th, 1669, post. —⁠B. ↩

  4081. The body of the church was destroyed in the fire of 1666, and rebuilt; but the tower only needed repair. The works were completed in 1670. ↩

  4082. The rough notes for the journal from this time to the 17th of June are contained on five leaves, inserted in the book; and after them follow several pages left blank for the fair copy which was never made. ↩

  4083. Newport Pagnell, a town in Buckinghamshire, which takes its second name from the family of Paganel, who formerly owned the manor. The church is a handsome building, with nave, aisles, and chancel, and with pinnacled tower. ↩

  4084. This must have been either Inigo Jones’s The Most Notable Antiquity of Great Britain Vulgarly Called Stonehenge, printed in 1655, or Chorea Gigantum, or the most famous Antiquity of Great Britain, vulgarly called Stones Heng, standing on Salisbury Plain, restor’d to the Danes, by Walter Charleton, M.D., and published in 1663. ↩

  4085. Henry Chichele, Archbishop of Canterbury, the founder of All Souls’ College, born 1363, died 1443. ↩

  4086. John Middleton, the remarkable person here alluded to, known by the name of “The Child of Hale,” was born in 1578, and buried in the churchyard of Hale, in Lancashire, in 1623, where his gravestone is still to be seen. About the year 1617 Sir Gilbert Ireland took him up to the court of James I, when he threw the king’s wrestler, and put out his thumb, by which feat he disobliged the courtiers, and was sent back, with a present of £20 from the sovereign. He returned home by Brazenose College, then full of Lancashire students, and his picture was taken, and is still preserved there. Likenesses of this English giant are also extant at High Legh, at Knowsley, and at Mr. Ireland Blackburne’s seat, at Hale. “Middleton’s hand,” observes Plot (History of Staffordshire, p. 295), “measured, from the carpus to the end of his middle finger, seventeen inches, his palm was eight inches and a half broad, and his whole height nine feet three inches, wanting but six inches of the height of Goliath, if the portrait of him in Brazenose Library, drawn at length, as it is said, in his just proportion, be a true piece of him.” These dimensions appear to have been compared with the portrait at Hale, with which they exactly accorded, as did the shape of the giant’s hand cut upon a stone in the college cellar, with the date affixed, to which Pepys alludes. The blank in the Diary, after the word Hales, was obviously left for the dimensions of the hand. —⁠B. Mr. Falconer Madan, Assistant Librarian of the Bodleian, has kindly given the editor the following particulars, which supplement Lord Braybrooke’s note. Middleton was treated at Brasenose College because it drew largely from Lancashire and Cheshire. The portrait referred to above is now in the Buttery. There is also in the Buttery a picture of the hand of the man full size, and till the last ten years there was an outline of a hand on a gilt background on the eastern one of the two doorposts of the cellar door under the hall on the south side of the latter, at the foot of a flight of stone steps. ↩

  4087. Christ’s Hospital. ↩

  4088. A MS. History of Abingdon, collected by Francis Little, one of the principal burgesses, in the year 1627, now in the possession of the corporation. —⁠B. ↩

  4089. Thomas Foley, of Witley Court, who himself founded a hospital for sixty boys at Stourbridge, in Worcestershire. See October 27th, 1664. He probably wished for precedents as to the mode of settlement. —⁠B. ↩

  4090. See Ashmole’s Antiquities of Berkshire, vol. i, 1719, p. 134. The following is the rebus noticed by Pepys:

    “V.A.B.I.N.D.O.N.R.F.I. Take the first letter of youre foure fader, with A., the worker of Wer, and I. and N. the colore of an asse; set them togeder, and tel me yf you can, what it is than. Richard Fannande, Irenmonger, hathe made this Tabul, and here in the yere of King Herry the Sexte, XXVIte.”

    ↩

  4091. Probably a mistake for East or Market Lavington, which lies in the same direction. —⁠B. ↩

  4092. Pepys must mean that the earthworks, more than a hundred feet in height, were prodigious and alarming, the space contained within them being only twenty-seven acres. There is undoubtedly something sublime in standing within the area, in the complete solitude and magnificence of the ramparts. —⁠B. ↩

  4093. It was much to the credit of Pepys’s taste that in an age when Gothic architecture was little admired he could see the beauties of this matchless building. ↩

  4094. Seth Ward, born 1617; F.R.S.; Savilian Professor and President of Trinity College, Oxford; Dean of Exeter, 1661; Bishop of Exeter, 1662; translated to Salisbury, 1667. In 1671 he was made Chancellor of the Order of the Garter, which office he procured to be annexed to the see. Died January 6th, 1689. ↩

  4095. The Montacutes, from whom Lord Sandwich’s family claimed descent. —⁠B. ↩

  4096. They were natives of that county. —⁠B. ↩

  4097. The Zummerzetshire dialect. —⁠B. ↩

  4098. “In the floor of the nave of the church of Norton St. Philips are the mutilated portraitures, in stone, of two females, close to each other, and called, by the inhabitants, The Fair Maidens of Fosscot, or Fosstoke, a neighbouring hamlet, now depopulated. There is a tradition that the persons they represent were twins, whose bodies were at their birth conjoined together: that they arrived at a state of maturity; and that one of them dying, the survivor was compelled to drag about her lifeless companion, till death released her of the horrid burden.”

    Collinson’s Hist. of Somersetshire, vol. iii, p. 371, in which no notice occurs of the Templar’s tomb

    At Biddenden, in Kent, is a tradition of the same kind, but, according to Hasted, without foundation. See History of Kent, vol. iii, p. 66, folio ed. —⁠B. ↩

  4099. The Cross Bath took its name from an old cross which stood in the centre of the bath. This was repaired in 1675 by Mr. W. Coo, of Grandford, Northamptonshire, who put a bordure of lead round it. In 1687 Mary of Modena, queen of James II, tried the effect of the Cross Bath, and was benefited by it. John, Earl of Melfort, erected a marble pillar, with a Latin inscription, in honour of the event, in place of the old cross. The pillar being insecure was taken down in 1783. ↩

  4100. “They draw all their heavy goods here on sleds, or sledges, which they call ‘gee hoes,’ without wheels, which kills a multitude of horses.” Another writer says, “They suffer no carts to be used in the city, lest, as some say, the shake occasioned by them on the pavement should affect the Bristol milk (the sherry) in the vaults, which is certainly had here in the greatest perfection.” An order of Common Council occurs in 1651 to prohibit the use of carts and wagons-only suffering drays. “Camden in giving our city credit for its cleanliness in forming ‘goutes,’ says they use sledges here instead of carts, lest they destroy the arches beneath which are the goutes.”

    Chilcott’s New Guide to Bristol, etc., 1826

    —⁠B. ↩

  4101. Francis Baylie, shipbuilder of Bristol, whose name frequently appears in the Calendars of State Papers. ↩

  4102. Daniel Furzer, who was Surveyor to the Navy from 1699 to 1714. ↩

  4103. Mayor of Bristol, 1663, and M.P. for that city. —⁠B. ↩

  4104. A sort of rum punch (milk punch), which, and turtle, were products of the trade of Bristol with the West Indies. So Byron says in the first edition of his English Bards and Scotch Reviewers:

    “Too much in turtle Bristol’s sons delight,
    Too much o’er bowls of rack prolong the night.”

    These lines will not be found in the modern editions; but the following are substituted:

    “Four turtle feeder’s verse must needs he flat,
    Though Bristol bloat him with the verdant fat.”

    Lord Macaulay says of the collations with which the sugar-refiners of Bristol regaled their visitors: “The repast was dressed in the furnace, And was accompanied by a rich brewage made of the best Spanish wine, and celebrated over the whole kingdom as Bristol milk” (Hist. of England, vol. i, p. 335) —⁠B. ↩

  4105. The Abbey Church. ↩

  4106. James Montagu, Bishop of Bath and Wells in 1608, and of Winchester in 1616⁠—died 1618. He was uncle to the Earl of Sandwich, whose mother was Pepys’s aunt. Hence Pepys’s curiosity respecting the tomb. —⁠B. ↩

  4107. Tobias Venner, who practised as a physician at Bath nearly half a century, and died March 27th, 1660, aged eighty-five. —⁠B. ↩

  4108. John Felling, B.D., rector of Bath for thirty years. —⁠B. ↩

  4109. Jane, sole daughter of Sir Richard Reynell, wife of Sir William Waller, the parliamentary general. —⁠B. ↩

  4110. Abury. ↩

  4111. The well-known temple of the Druids. ↩

  4112. There is a notice of Silbury in Rickman’s paper on the antiquity of Abury and Stonehenge in The Archæologia, vol. xxviii, p. 402. ↩

  4113. Littlecott House, a fine old mansion, in the parish of Ramsbury, Wilts, still in the possession of the Popham family. Special interest has attached to the place, as the supposed scene of the extraordinary child murder ascribed to William Darel, who sold Littlecott to Sir John Popham, 1587, accounts of which have been given by Aubrey, by Sir Walter Scott in Rokeby, and in Britton’s Wiltshire, vol. iii, p. 260. ↩

  4114. M.P. for Bath. ↩

  4115. Hampstead Marshall is in Hampshire. Lord Craven’s celebrated mansion, designed by Sir Balthasar Gerbier after the model of Heidelberg Castle, was built 1626⁠–⁠65. It was destroyed by fire in 1718, and succeeded by the present mansion of the Earl of Craven, which is styled Hampstead House. ↩

  4116. This ballad was first printed in the reign of James I by T. Simcocke, and is reprinted in most of the collections of songs and ballads. In the reign of Charles II, “T. Howard, Gent.,” wrote and published “An old song of the old Courtiers of the King’s, with a new song of a new Courtier of the King’s to the tune of ‘The Queen’s old Courtier.’ ” A still more modern version has been in vogue under the title of “The Fine Old English Gentleman.” ↩

  4117. The Kennet. ↩

  4118. Colnbrook. ↩

  4119. The rough notes end here. ↩

  4120. “Such an operation was performed in this year, after a consultation of medical men, and chiefly by Locke’s advice, and the wound was afterwards always kept open, a silver pipe being inserted. This saved Lord Ashley’s life, and gave him health.”

    Christie’s Life of the First Earl of Shaftesbury, vol. ii, p. 34

    Tapski was a name given to Shaftesbury in derision, and vile defamers described the abscess, which had originated in a carriage accident in Holland, as the result of extreme dissipation. Lines by Duke, a friend and imitator of Dryden:

    “The working ferment of his active mind,
    In his weak body’s cask with pain confined,
    Would burst the rotten vessel where ’tis pent,
    But that ’tis tapt to give the treason vent.”

    ↩

  4121. John George, Elector of Saxony, invested with the Garter, April 13th, 1668; installed by proxy. May 29th, 1671; and died 1680. ↩

  4122. A comedy, Evening’s Love, or the Mock Astrologer, not published until 1671. The scene was at Madrid, and the time the last evening of the Carnival in 1665. ↩

  4123. See February 24th, ante. ↩

  4124. H. Herringman, a printer and publisher in the New Exchange. See August 10th, 1667, ante. —⁠B. ↩

  4125. June 22nd. At a meeting of the Council

    “Mr. Hoskyns reported, that he had conferred with Mr. Henry Howard concerning the security of the ground given by him to build upon; and that Mr. Howard was wilhng to enter into a bond of six thousand pounds for performance of covenants forthwith, and into another of six thousand pounds more, that he would within a twelvemonth either procure an act of parliament to enable him to make estates of the ground belonging to Arundel House notwithstanding the act of 3 Car. I that had intailed it; or other good and indefeasible title for the society, or else give them collateral security by conveying land to them.”

    Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, pp. 299⁠–⁠300

    ↩

  4126. Daubigny Turberville, of Oriel College; created M.D. at Oxford, 1660. He was a physician of some eminence, and, dying at Salisbury on the 21st April, 1696, aged eighty-five, he was buried in the cathedral, where his monument remains. Cassan, in his Lives of the Bishops of Sarum, part iii, p. 103, has reprinted an interesting account of Turberville, from the Memoir of Bishop Seth Ward, published in 1697, by Dr. Walter Pope. Turberville was born at Wayford, co. Somerset, in 1612, and became an expert oculist; and probably Pepys received great benefit from his advice, as his vision does not appear to have failed during the many years that he lived after discontinuing the Diary. The doctor died rich, and subsequently to his decease his sister Mary, inheriting all his prescriptions, and knowing how to use them, practised as an oculist in London with good reputation. —⁠B. ↩

  4127. To the Strand. ↩

  4128. “His Majesty and Prince Rupert returned to town the day before, after viewing the Fleet in the Downs, and the new fortifications at Sheerness.”

    The London Gazette, No. 273

    —⁠B. ↩

  4129. Hugh May. ↩

  4130. George Thomson, John Gregory, Giles Dunster, Henry Osborne, not Sir Thomas Osborne, as stated in former editions. See list of Commissioners, vol. vii, p. 256. ↩

  4131. Lord Halifax’s mother was Anne, sister of Sir John and Sir William Coventry, and of Harry Coventry. She married, secondly, Sir Thomas Chichele, or Chicheley, of Wimpole, in Cambridgeshire, Master of the Ordnance, which circumstance explains many allusions made by Pepys. —⁠B. ↩

  4132. Thomas Waldron matriculated at Balliol College in 1634, when he was fifteen years of age; created M.D. at Oxford, 1653; afterwards Physician in Ordinary to Charles II. He died February 5th, 1676⁠–⁠77, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. ↩

  4133. Richard Lower, a Cornishman, educated at Westminster School, whence he was elected a student of Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1653 M.A., 1655; M.D., 1665; F.R.S., 1667. He became the most noted physician in London, and died at his house in King Street, Covent Garden, January 17th, 1690⁠–⁠91. ↩

  4134. Almoner to the Queen, whose character was drawn in dark colours by Clarendon. ↩

  4135. It is probable these stories, in ridicule of Clarendon, are nowhere recorded. Cardinal Jean Balue was the minister of Louis XI of France. The reader will remember him in Sir W. Scott’s Quentin Durward. He was confined for eleven years in an iron cage invented by himself in the Château de Loches, and died soon after he regained his liberty. —⁠B. ↩

  4136. Gripes. It was a joke against Lord Cottington that whenever he was seriously ill he declared himself a Roman Catholic, when he was well again he returned to the Protestant faith. ↩

  4137. Ram Alley, on the south side of Fleet Street, opposite Fetter Lane, a privileged place for debtors, which bore a bad reputation. It gave its name to a comedy by Lodowick Barrey, published in 1611. The place is now named Mitre Alley. ↩

  4138. See April 27th and 30th, 1668, ante. ↩

  4139. See May 11th, ante. ↩

  4140. The bridge which connected Ludgate Hill with Fleet Street, and was destroyed in the Great Fire, was, according to Stow, built or repaired in 1431. The new Fleet Bridge was ornamented with pineapples and the City arms. It was taken down October 14th, 1765. ↩

  4141. There is a sulphurous spring in the town of Banbury, and a chalybeate spring a short distance from the town. ↩

  4142. The dispute between Matthew Poole and the publishers of the Critici Sacri is referred to in the Calendar of State Papers:

    “Case of Cornelius Bee and his partners⁠—booksellers, proprietors of the Critici Sacri in 9 vols. folio, being editions of eminent authors, published by them in 1660 at £13 10s., though the authors would cost £50 or £60, against Matt. Poole, who, in his projected Synopsis Criticorum, states that he intends to epitomise these with other critical works, which they remonstrate against as a violation of their privileges, and the more hard on them as 1,300 copies of the Critici Sacri were burned in the fire of London, to their loss of £13,000”

    Calendar, 1667⁠–⁠68, pp. 515, 516

    ↩

  4143. Never printed. ↩

  4144. A perspective glass. ↩

  4145. See February 21st, 1665⁠–⁠66. ↩

  4146. Espinette is the French term for a small harpsichord, at that time called in England a spinet. It was named from a fancied resemblance of its quill plectra to spines or thorns. ↩

  4147. Tempest and Wallington were members of the Music Society referred to in note 3639. —⁠B. ↩

  4148. The name of Abraham Bosse appears in the index to Walpole’s Catalogue of Engravers. ↩

  4149. See May 9th and 15th, 1668, ante. ↩

  4150. Captain Deane (afterwards Sir Anthony) was at this time master shipwright of Harwich. ↩

  4151. Captain Silas Taylor wrote to Williamson from Harwich, December 7th, 1667:

    “The Resolution, a beautiful third-rate ship, was launched, and swims a fine sight in the water.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 65

    ↩

  4152. “. The experiment of Mr. Steno was tried, according to his method, before the Society by Dr. King, and succeeded, so as the dog, upon whom it was made, was seen to be deprived of all motion below the part, where the descending artery was tied, which was upon the top of the spine by a needle passed through between the 8th and 9th ribs.”

    Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, p. 306

    ↩

  4153. The report of the Principal Officers and Commissioners of the Navy on the Seamen’s Tickets, signed by Lord Brouncker, Commissioners Middleton, Sir Wilham Penn, and S. Pepys, which was read at the Court at Whitehall, July 17th, 1668, is printed in Penn’s Memorials of Sir W. Penn, vol. ii, p. 507. ↩

  4154. See June 22nd and December 5th, 1662, ante. ↩

  4155. At Culford, in Suffolk. ↩

  4156. Erysipelas. ↩

  4157. This passage has been frequently quoted as referring to Pepys’s small bookplate, with his initials S. P. and two anchors and ropes entwined; but if looked at carefully with the further reference on the 27th, it will be seen that it merely describes the preparation of engravings of the four dockyards. ↩

  4158. See August 14th, post. ↩

  4159. See August 27th, post. ↩

  4160. Phineas Pett. The “Revocation of letters patent formerly granted to Phineas Pett, his Majesty’s shipwright at Chatham,” is dated September 28th, 1668 (Calendar of State Papers, 1667⁠–⁠68, p. 607). His career, however, was not closed, for in 1675 he was master shipwright at Woolwich, and in 1680 he was appointed Comptroller of the Stores, and knighted. He was Commissioner at Chatham from 1685 to 1689. ↩

  4161. A comedy by Sir Robert Stapylton, see note 1705. ↩

  4162. A comedy by the Hon. James Howard, see note 3646. ↩

  4163. William Ashburnham, the cofferer. ↩

  4164. The Old Troop; or, Monsieur Ragou, a comedy by John Lacey, printed in 1672, 4to. —⁠B. ↩

  4165. An account of these tubulous spectacles (“An easy help for decayed sight”) is given in The Philosophical Transactions, No. 37, pp. 727⁠–⁠731 (Hutton’s Abridgment, vol. i, p. 266). See Diary, August 12th and 23rd, post. ↩

  4166. See September 24th, 1662, and April 29th, 1663. ↩

  4167. John Seddon was one of the four clerks of the Ticket Office, and, according to a MS. in the Pepysian Library (No. 2554), he was appointed to attend Pepys for the signing of tickets. ↩

  4168. Captain Edward Witham (see note 2194). ↩

  4169. George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury. Died 1633. ↩

  4170. Liphook, a village in Bramshott parish, Hants. ↩

  4171. Afterwards Sir John Tippetts. See note 1385. ↩

  4172. Charles Colbert, Marquis de Croissy, brother of Jean Baptiste Colbert, the great minister. —⁠B. ↩

  4173. Evelyn’s Diary, October 21st, 1674:

    “I went to see the great loss that Lord Arlington had sustained by fire at Goring House, this night consumed to the ground, with exceeding loss of hangings, plate, rare pictures, and cabinets; hardly anything was saved of the best and most princely furniture that any subject had in England.”

    ↩

  4174. This miniature of Mrs. Pepys cannot be traced. —⁠B. ↩

  4175. The title of this book was, The Honour of the Merchant Taylors. Wherein is set forth the noble acts, valliant deeds, and heroick performances of Merchant Taylors in former ages; their honourable loves, and knightly adventures, their combating of foreign enemies and glorious successes in honour of the English nation: together with their pious acts and large benevolences, their building of public structures, especially that of Blackwell Hall, to be a marketplace for the selling of woollen clothes: Written by William Winstanley. Lond., 1668. 8vo. With the head of Sir Ralph Blackwell, with a gold chain: arms of London on the right, and of the Merchant Taylors on the left. —⁠B. ↩

  4176. During the troubled reign of Charles I, the House of Commons gave parishioners the right of appointing lecturers at the various churches without the consent of rector or vicar, and this naturally gave rise to many quarrels. In the early period of the war between the king and the parliament, a course of sermons or lectures was projected in aid of the parliamentary cause. These lectures, which were preached by eminent Presbyterian divines at seven o’clock on the Sunday mornings, were commenced in the church of St. Mary Magdalen in Milk Street, but were soon afterwards removed to St. Giles’s, Cripplegate. After the Restoration the lectures were collected in four volumes, and published under the title of the Cripplegate Morning Exercises, vol. i in 1661; vol. ii in 1674; vol. iii in 1682; and vol. iv in 1690. In addition there were two volumes which form a supplement to the work, viz., The Morning Exercises Methodized, preached at St. Giles’s-in-the-Fields, edited by the Rev. Thomas Case in 1660, and the Exercises Against Popery, preached in Southwark, and published in 1675 (see Denton’s Records of St. Giles’s, Cripplegate, 1883, pp. 55⁠–⁠56). ↩

  4177. Most probably at Norwood, in the parish of Lambeth, a place long famous as the resort of gipsies. Gipsy Hill is now a place of considerable size. ↩

  4178. Major Henry Nicholls, of Kilmaiden, Waterford, who undertook to clear the Medway of wrecks. ↩

  4179. The paper tubes for his eyes. See July 31st, ante. ↩

  4180. See July 24th, ante. ↩

  4181. William Ashburnham. ↩

  4182. He was probably of the family of Savage, seated at Frodsham, in Cheshire; and had been attached to the royal cause. According to Kennet (Chronicle, p. 869), he married the widow of Sir Richard Smith, one of the king’s privy council. —⁠B. ↩

  4183. This refers to the letter on the affairs of the office which Pepys prepared, and respecting which, and the proceedings which grew out of it, so many references are made in future pages of the Diary. ↩

  4184. Of the Cinque Ports. ↩

  4185. A play by Thomas Heywood (see note 960). ↩

  4186. Sir Geofifry Palmer, Bart. He died at his house at Hampstead, May 1st, 1670. —⁠B. ↩

  4187. William Acworth, storekeeper at Woolwich Dockyard. ↩

  4188. Poliander de Kirkhoven, Lord of Hemfleet, in Holland, married Katherine, widow of Henry, Lord Stanhope, eldest son of Philip, Earl of Chesterfield, who died vitâ patris. She was one of the four daughters and co-heirs of Thomas, Lord Wotton; and her son, Charles Henry Kirkhoven, here mentioned, was created Lord Wotton, of Wotton, in Kent, in 1650, by reason of his descent, and Earl of Bellemont, in Ireland, in 1670. He died without issue in 1682. —⁠B. ↩

  4189. Belsyze House, in the parish of Hampstead, was for many years the residence of the Wood family, as lessees under the Dean and Chapter of Westminster, in whom the property is still vested. When Pepys visited the place, it was the chief seat of Charles Henry Kirkhoven, Lord Wotton, above mentioned. That mansion, long since pulled down, had become, in 1720, a house of public entertainment, and was much in vogue, and continued open as late as 1745. —⁠B. The manor house was situated at the corner where Belsize Park Gardens and Belsize Grove meet. The site is now occupied by a building of residential flats. See Lysons’s Environs and Park’s History of Hampstead. ↩

  4190. In Great Queen Street. ↩

  4191. A mistake of Pepys’s. Colbert de Croissy, then in England, had himself been the French Plenipotentiary at Aix-la-Chapelle. —⁠B. ↩

  4192. By Beaumont and Fletcher, and first published in 1615. Downes mentions the revival, but not the change of name. ↩

  4193. In the Pepysian Library is a MS. (No. 2242), entitled, “Papers conteyning my address to his Royal Highness James Duke of York, Lord High Admiral of England, etc., by letter dated the 20th of August, 1668, humbly tendering him my advice touching the present State of the Office of the Navy, with his Royal Highness’s proceedings upon the same, and their result.” ↩

  4194. The set of portraits known as “King Charles’s Beauties,” formerly in Windsor Castle, but now at Hampton Court. —⁠B. ↩

  4195. The popular name of John Fox’s Acts and Monuments, first published in 1562⁠–⁠63. ↩

  4196. I.e., intimacy. ↩

  4197. Stuff of a sad colour. —⁠B. ↩

  4198. Josiah Child and Thomas Papillon were partners in the Victualling business. ↩

  4199. In Upper Thames Street. ↩

  4200. The stones fell so fast that Pepys felt a sensation like seasickness! See September 14th, 1668, post. —⁠B. ↩

  4201. On July 25th, 1668, a royal warrant was issued for taking down the walls of old St. Paul’s, removing the tower and choir, and clearing the ground for the foundation of the east end, with a view to the construction of a new choir for temporary use. The first stone of Wren’s building was not laid until June 21st, 1675. ↩

  4202. A copy of this letter is in the British Museum, Harl. MS. 6003. See July 24th, ante, and August 29th, post. In the Pepysian Collection are the following: An Inquisition, by his Royal Highness the Duke of York, when Lord High Admiral of England, into the Management of the Navy, 1668, with his Regulations thereon, fol. Also Mr. Pepys’s Defence of the same upon an Inquisition thereunto by Parliament, 1669, fol. —⁠B. ↩

  4203. Sir Orlando Bridgman. ↩

  4204. Peter Heylin’s Cyprianus Anglicus, or the History of the Life and Death of William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury, was first published in 1668. ↩

  4205. Although Holbein began working at Whitehall Palace in 1538, there is no mention of his work on the ceiling, and Wornum was puzzled by this entry. See Some Account of the Life and Works of Hans Holbein by R. N. Wornum, p. 309 (note) ↩

  4206. The picture here mentioned still adorns the Court Room at Barber Surgeons’ Hall, in Monkwell Street. It represents Henry VIII in the act of delivering the charter to the company, 1541, and contains eighteen figures. There has been much discussion over the merits of the picture and Holbein’s share in its production. As the painter died in 1543 there can be little doubt but that the picture was finished by another hand. The late Mr. Wornum, the biographer of Holbein, wrote, “There can be no question of the genuineness of the picture in its foundation,” but he was “disposed to believe that Holbein never did finish it;” whilst, from the great inferiority of the second series of heads on the left of the king, in which there is no trace of Holbein’s hand, he considered that “these must have been added later.” We are not told whether the company named any price, even if our journalist had been inclined to the speculation. A fine print from the picture was made by B. Baron in 1736. James I wrote to the company in 1618 to have the picture copied. This copy is supposed to be the one in the possession of the College of Surgeons, which was purchased in 1786 by the college at Desenfans’ sale. —⁠B. ↩

  4207. Merry Andrew. ↩

  4208. See April 7th, 1668, ante. ↩

  4209. See June 8th, 1665, ante. ↩

  4210. Sophia Stuart, younger daughter of the Hon. Walter Stuart, third son of Walter, first Lord Blantyre, married to Henry Bulkeley, fourth son of Thomas, first Viscount Bulkeley, and Master of the Household to Charles II and James II (Collins’s Peerage, vol. viii, p. 16, ed. 1812, and Notes and Queries, Series 3, vol. i, p. 69). ↩

  4211. In Fleet Street. ↩

  4212. This is not the first learned horse of which we read. Shakespeare, Love’s Labour’s Lost, act i, sc. 2, mentions “the dancing horse,” and the commentators have added many particulars of Banks’s bay horse. ↩

  4213. Leviathan: Or the Matter, Forme and Power of a Commonwealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil, by Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, first published in 1651. It was reprinted in 1680, with its old date. Hobbes’s complete works, English and Latin, were published by Sir William Molesworth in sixteen volumes 8vo between 1839 and 1845. ↩

  4214. See July 22nd, 1663. ↩

  4215. In Lord Orrery’s play. ↩

  4216. Francis Hosier, Muster-master at Gravesend. ↩

  4217. By Abraham Wright, Fellow of St. John’s Coll., Oxford, afterwards vicar of Oakham, who died in 1690. The title is, “Five Sermons, in Five several Styles, or Waies of Preaching. First, in Bp. Andrews his way; before the late King upon the first day of Lent. Second, in Bp. Hall’s way; before the clergie at the author’s own ordination in Christ Church, Oxford. Third, in Dr. Maine’s and Mr. Cartwright’t way; before the University at St. Marie’s, Oxford. Fourth, in the Presbyterian way; before the City, at St. Paul’s, London. Fifth, in the Independent way; never preached. With an Epistle rendering an account of the author’s designe in printing these his sermons, as also of the sermons themselves.⁠ ⁠… Printed for Edward Archer, 1656.” Wood says:

    “The chief end in printing these sermons, was, first, to show the difference between the University and City breeding up of preachers, and to let the people know that any one that hath been bred a scholar is able to preach any way to the capacity and content of an auditory. And, secondly, that none can do this, but they only that have had such education: yet, notwithstanding, ordinary capacities are more taken with cloak and laymen’s preaching than that of the gown.”

    ↩

  4218. See from August 21st to 27th, 1668, ante. ↩

  4219. See December 11th, 1667, ante. ↩

  4220. At the Exchequer, of which he was auditor. ↩

  4221. “The Bear at the Bridge foot,” at the Southwark end of old London Bridge, on the west side of High Street; pulled down, December, 1761, when the houses on the bridge were removed and the bridge widened. ↩

  4222. Lord Brouncker’s answer and Sir William Penn’s, both dated September 11th, and Sir John Mennes’s, dated September 13th, are contained in the MS. in the Pepysian Library previously referred to (No. 2242). Pepys’s own answer is dated September 13th. ↩

  4223. William Ashburnham. ↩

  4224. No play called The Ladies à la Mode has been traced in 1668, or in any earlier or later year. A comedy, entitled Love à la Mode, was brought out very soon after the Restoration, but it was anonymous. The preface is signed T. S., initials which are believed to stand for T. Southland. A comedy, named Damoyselles à la Mode, and printed in 1667, 8vo, is mentioned by Langbaine, p. 56, as written by Richard Flecknoe, and dedicated to the Duchess of Newcastle; but it does not appear to have ever been acted, though, in point of title and date, it comes very near what is wanted. ↩

  4225. Probably William Beeston, who had been governor of the Cockpit Theatre. ↩

  4226. The Stocks Market took its name from a pair of stocks placed near this spot. See December 10th, 1660, ante. About 1675 Sir Robert Viner purchased an equestrian statue of John Sobieski trampling down the Turk; which, when it had undergone some necessary alterations, he erected in Stocks Market as Charles II trampling on Oliver Cromwell. The Mansion House now stands on the site. About 1737 the statue was presented to Robert Viner, the lineal representative of the convivial Lord Mayor, and the market transferred to the space gained by the covering over the Fleet Ditch. This Fleet Market has, in its turn, given place to Farringdon Street. —⁠B. ↩

  4227. See note 4204. ↩

  4228. By John Fletcher. ↩

  4229. And that he might tell Mrs. Pepys. —⁠B. ↩

  4230. Thomas Shadwell, the dramatic writer. Died 1692. ↩

  4231. She played Epicene in The Silent Woman. See Downes’s Roscius Anglicanus, 1708, p. 4. ↩

  4232. Peter Cunningham contributed to the Gentleman’s Magazine (December, 1850, p. 597) an interesting article on the letter alluded to in the text, which he supposes to have been written by Flecknoe. The title of the letter is as follows: “A Letter from a Gentleman to the Honourable Ed. Howard, Esq., occasioned by a Civiliz’d Epistle of Mr. Dryden’s before his Second Edition of his Indian Emperour. In the Savoy, printed by Thomas Newcomb, 1668.” The “Civiliz’d Epistle” was a caustic attack on Sir Robert Howard; and the Letter is signed, “Sir, your faithful and humble servant, R. F.”⁠—i.e., Richard Flecknoe. ↩

  4233. See May 9th and 15th, and July 15th, 1668, ante. ↩

  4234. Or Butlers. See June 18th, July 24th, August 4th, 1660; June 23rd, August 11th, 1661; December 31st, 1662; March 27th, October 2nd, 1664; April 19th, 1665. ↩

  4235. Colonel Cary Dillon was the youngest son of Robert, second Earl of Roscommon, by his third wife, Anne, daughter of Sir William Stroud, of Stoake, in Somersetshire, and widow of Henry, Lord Folliott, of Ballyshannon. See August 19th, 1662 (vol. ii, p. 312). He held several posts under Charles II and James II, and upon the death, in 1684, of his nephew, the poet, he succeeded as fifth Earl of Roscommon. He married, not Frances Boteler, Pepys’s friend, but Katharine, daughter of John Werden, of Chester, and sister of Major-General Robert Werden Groom of the Bedchamber to the Duke of York, and Comptroller of his Household when king. ↩

  4236. See note 4221. ↩

  4237. Guineas took their name from the gold brought from Guinea by the African Company in 1663, who, as an encouragement to bring over gold to be coined, were permitted by their charter from Charles II to have their stamp of an elephant upon the coin. When first coined they were valued at 20s., but were worth 30s. in 1695. There were likewise five-pound pieces, like the guinea, with the inscription upon the rim. ↩

  4238. Probably Thomas Holder of the African House. ↩

  4239. At the end of the year 1666 a Dutchman of the Prince of Orange’s party, named Kiviet, came over to England with proposals for embanking the river from the Temple to the Tower with brick, and was knighted by the king. He was introduced to Evelyn, whom he persuaded to join with him in a great undertaking for the making of bricks. On March 26th, 1667, the two went in search of brick-earth, and in September articles were drawn up between them for the purpose of proceeding in the manufacture. In April, 1668, Evelyn subscribed 50,000 bricks for the building of a college for the Royal Society, in addition to £50 given previously for the same purpose. No more information on the subject is given in Evelyn’s Diary. ↩

  4240. John Sheffield, third Earl of Mulgrave, Marquis of Normanby, 1694, and Duke of Norman by and Buckinghamshire, 1703. He was succeeded, 1721, by his only son, Edmund, with whom all the honours became extinct in 1735. ↩

  4241. Their marriage, which took place soon after. ↩

  4242. William Ashburnham. ↩

  4243. Sidney Godolphin. ↩

  4244. Pietro Mocenigo, of whose entry into London, on the 17th September, 1668, an account is given in Evelyn’s Diary, and in Bp. Kennett’s Complete History, vol. iii, p. 271. A MS. copy of his relation of his embassy is in the British Museum. He was afterwards ambassador to Rome. —⁠B. ↩

  4245. Charles Colbert. See August 8th, 1668. ↩

  4246. Count De Dona. ↩

  4247. Their benefit. ↩

  4248. See May 16th, 1668. ↩

  4249. In Piccadilly; now, after many alterations, occupied by the Royal Academy and scientific societies. The original house was probably built by Sir John Denham for Lord Burlington, from what is stated, February 20th, 1664⁠–⁠65, ante. ↩

  4250. Pepys’s letter to Lord Sandwich on the subject, September 29th, 1668, was published in Lord Braybrooke’s edition of the correspondence. ↩

  4251. Elizabeth, sole daughter and heir to Henry Clifford, Earl of Cumberland, wife of Richard Boyle, first Earl of Burlington. All the estates of these families came to the Cavendish family by the marriage of William, fourth Duke of Devonshire, with Lady Charlotte Boyle, heiress of Richard, last Earl of Burlington and Cork. The title of Burlington was revived for her son, Lord George Cavendish, and is now merged in the dukedom of Devonshire, the father of the present duke having held the earldom from 1834 to 1858, when he succeeded as seventh duke. ↩

  4252. The marriage with Creed. ↩

  4253. Probably the same as Mrs. Horsfield. See May 18th, 1668. ↩

  4254. A comedy by Jasper Maine, D.D. ↩

  4255. Probably Giovanni Baptista Draghi. See note 3230. ↩

  4256. See September 26th, ante. ↩

  4257. In this part of the Diary no entry occurs for thirteen days, though there are several pages left blank. During the interval Pepys went into the country, as he subsequently mentions his having been at Saxham, in Suffolk, during the king’s visit to Lord Crofts, which took place at this time (see October 23rd, post). He might also probably have gone to Impington to fetch his wife. The pages left blank were never filled up. —⁠B. ↩

  4258. Thomas Harper. ↩

  4259. “Her Majesty, attended by several ladies of the Court, left Whitehall for Audley End on the 6th October, where His Majesty was expected, after having divertised himself at Newmarket. The Court remained at Audley End till the 14th.”

    The London Gazette, No. 302

    —⁠B. ↩

  4260. Penn’s first work, entitled, Truth exalted, in a short but sure testimony against all those religions, faiths, and worships, that have been formed and followed, in the darkness of apostacy; and for that glorious light which is now risen, and shines forth, in the life and doctrine of the despised Quakers⁠ ⁠… by W. Penn, whom divine love constrains, in holy contempt, to trample on Egypt’s glory, not fearing the King’s wrath, having beheld the Majesty of Him who is invisible. London, 1668. —⁠B. ↩

  4261. It was probably for this payment that the tally was obtained, the loss of which caused Pepys so much anxiety. See November 26th, 1668. ↩

  4262. See the description of this mansion in Evelyn’s Diary, September 25th, 1672. A small view of it, taken from an old map, is given in the notes to his Memoir of Mrs. Godolphin. The house was destroyed by fire, October 16th, 1733, and rebuilt by William Kent for the third Duke of Devonshire. This is the existing Devonshire House. ↩

  4263. See May 15th, 1668. ↩

  4264. A tragicomedy by William Habington. Upon its revival the prologue and epilogue were written by Butler, the author of Hudibras. —⁠B. ↩

  4265. In Cow Lane. ↩

  4266. There is a picture of Leicester House at Penshurst. —⁠B. ↩

  4267. It occupied the north side of the present Leicester Square. Lisle Street and Sidney’s Alley preserve some of the names. —⁠B. ↩

  4268. The Royal Society, which met after an interval of ten weeks (Birch’s History of the Royal Society, vol. ii, p. 313). ↩

  4269. In Fleet Street. ↩

  4270. There is reason to believe that the gallows at Tyburn stood on the site of Connaught Place, and near its southwest corner, though No. 49, Connaught Square, is said by some to be on the spot. ↩

  4271. Mrs. Creed’s brother. ↩

  4272. An expression probably taking its rise from the custom of fastening people by their feet in the stocks. —⁠B. ↩

  4273. Little Saxham, near Bury St. Edmund’s. The manor house then belonged to William, Baron Crofts; it was taken down in 1771.

    “My last told your Grace I was going into the country to pass my Christmas at my Lord Crofts; and when I tell you that the Duke of Bucks and George Porter were there, you will not doubt but we passed it merrily.”

    Lord Arlington to the Duke of Ormond, Oxford, January 9th, 1666⁠—Miscellanea Aulica, p. 371

    ↩

  4274. See October 20th, ante. ↩

  4275. See November 29th, post. ↩

  4276. He continued to hold the office of Comptroller of the Navy until his death in 1671. ↩

  4277. This useful instrument, used for copying maps, plans, drawings, etc. either of the same size, or larger or smaller than the originals, is now named a pantograph. ↩

  4278. See, in Memoirs Relating to the Navy, 8vo, 1729, two warrants of October 18th, 1668, and October 20th, 1668, addressed by the Duke of York to Sir Heneage Finch, the Solicitor-General. The former directs him to prepare a warrant for his suspension, and the second to prepare a bill for the royal signature, constituting and appointing Sir Thomas Osborne and Sir Thomas Lyttelton to the office of Treasurer of the Navy, hitherto filled by Lord Anglesey. —⁠B. ↩

  4279. “They also prevailed to put in Sir Thomas Osburn and Sir Thomas Littleton to be Treasurers of the Navy, without so much as speaking or making the least application to the Duke about it, though such places never use to be disposed of without the concurrence and approbation of the Lord Admiral; and tho the Duke represented to the King the hardship done him, yet his Majesty order’d him to sign the warrant for their admission; which having done he afterwards lived very well with these two gentlemen, they being men of parts and executing well their office.”

    Clarke’s Life of James II, 1816, vol. i, p. 436

    ↩

  4280. From Newmarket. ↩

  4281. Colonel Atkins. See June 24th, 1668. ↩

  4282. Mr. Povy lived in Lincoln’s Inn Fields. Pepys no doubt went to Long Acre, then, as now, celebrated for its coachmakers. —⁠B. ↩

  4283. See note 2052. ↩

  4284. Sir Thomas Osborne and Sir Thomas Lyttelton. ↩

  4285. See January 17th, 1667⁠–⁠68, ante. ↩

  4286. In the margin here is the following: “Observe over the leaf for my mistake.” See November 6th. ↩

  4287. As Clerk of the Council. ↩

  4288. Sir Orlando Bridgman. ↩

  4289. Sir J. B. Leyenburg. ↩

  4290. Thomas Clayton, M.D., Professor of Physic, and Anatomy Lecturer at Oxford, for which university he was returned to serve in parliament in 1660, and afterwards knighted, and made Warden of Merton College. —⁠B. ↩

  4291. In the margin here is the following: “Look back one leaf for my mistake.” ↩

  4292. The book alluded to by Pepys is that of the Father Francisco de los Santos, first printed at Madrid in 1657, and entitled, Descripcion breve del Monasterio de S. Lorenzo el Real del Escorial unica maravilla del mundo. It is in folio, and has some plates; but Pepys might well express his disappointment, for the appearance of the volume does not answer to the magnificence of the subject. About the time when Pepys wrote, or soon after, the Escurial received some damage by fire, and was even said to be totally destroyed; and in that belief, an abstract of Father Francisco’s work was published in 1671, purporting to be “translated into English by a servant of the Earl of Sandwich.” That a great amount of damage was really done is proved by the title of the third edition of the work, printed in Madrid in 1681, which says that the Escurial was rebuilt after the fire by Charles II; and Santos, then alive, asserts the same in his dedication to that king, comparing him to the restorers of Solomon’s Temple. —⁠B. ↩

  4293. It appears that Robert Wayth kept his office of Navy Paymaster, and that Mr. Hutcheson or Hutchinson was appointed paymaster also. ↩

  4294. There is a note in the margin respecting the passage between brackets: “All this belongs to tomorrow in the afternoon.” ↩

  4295. Robert Shafto, knighted June 26th, 1670, and made serjeant-at-law in 1674. He died May 21st, 1705, aged seventy-two, and was buried in St. Nicholas’s Church, Newcastle. He married Katharine, daughter and co-heir of Sir Thomas Widrington, of the Grange, Yorkshire. ↩

  4296. See March 30th, 1668. It was he who, in 1673, petitioned against Pepys’s return for Castle Rising. See Life, in vol. i, p. xxxi. ↩

  4297. The inhabitants of Newcastle. ↩

  4298. Apparently this is Martin Clifford, Master of the Charterhouse in 1671. Little good is recorded of him, and he appears to have obtained his mastership through the influence of the Duke of Buckingham. He assisted that nobleman in the preparation of the Rehearsal, and his assistance is alluded to in the Session of Poets:

    “Intelligence was brought, the Court being set,
    That a Play Tripartite was very near made;
    Where malicious Matt Clifford and spiritual Spratt
    Were joined with their Duke, a Peer of the Trade.”

    (See Dict. of Nat. Biog.) ↩

  4299. Whetstone Park is a narrow roadway between the north side of Lincoln’s Inn Fields and the south side of Holborn, named after WiUiam Whetstone, a tobacconist and overseer of the parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields in the time of Charles I and the Commonwealth. ↩

  4300. A romance by Gauthier de Costes, Seigneur de la Calprenede. It was translated into English by Sir Charles Cotterell, whose translation passed through several editions. ↩

  4301. I.e., precedence. ↩

  4302. See January 9th, 1664⁠–⁠65. ↩

  4303. Among the State Papers, 1668, is a petition from Peter Massonnet to Lord Arlington:

    “Is the saddest object of pity of all the king’s servants. Has attended 32 years as French sub-tutor and writing-master, served him in adversity as Clerk of the Patents and Foreign Secretary, but at the Restoration had only his sub-tutor’s salary continued, now £833 in arrear, so that he is ready to perish; will resign his patent for the arrears and some recompense.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1668⁠–⁠69, p. 129

    ↩

  4304. Laud. See September 16th, 1668. ↩

  4305. Lord Keeper, Sir Orlando Bridgman. ↩

  4306. Stow speaks of “the Conduit of Holborn Cross, erected about 1498: again new made by Mr. William Lamb, 1557. Hence called Lamb’s Conduit.” —⁠B. ↩

  4307. Pepys’s cousin by marriage, Thomas Stradwick. See September 13th, 1660. Bunyan died in 1688, at the house of his friend, Mr. Stradwick, a grocer, at the sign of the Star, on Snow Hill. ↩

  4308. Dated, Whitehall, November 25th, 1668. See a copy of it in Harl. MS. 6003. ↩

  4309. Sir William Penn’s address to the Duke of York in reply to the Duke of York’s letter is printed in Penn’s Memorials of Sir W. Penn, vol. ii, p. 514. In this his absences from the office are accounted for or explained by reason of his ill-health. ↩

  4310. Sir William Warren had several contracts with the Navy Commissioners for timber. In December, 1668, he had a contract for elm timber. ↩

  4311. Though our journalist prided himself not a little upon becoming possessed of a carriage, the acquisition was regarded with envy and jealousy by his enemies, as will appear by the following extract from the scurrilous pamphlet, A Hue and Cry after P. and H. and Plain Truth (or a Private Discourse between P. and H.), in which Pepys and Hewer are severely handled: “There is one thing more you must be mightily sorry for with all speed. Your presumption in your coach, in which you daily ride, as if you had been son and heir to the great Emperor Neptune, or as if you had been infallibly to have succeeded him in his government of the Ocean, all which was presumption in the highest degree. First, you had upon the fore part of your chariot, tempestuous waves and wrecks of ships; on your left hand, forts and great guns, and ships a-fighting; on your right hand was a fair harbour and galleys riding, with their flags and pennants spread, kindly saluting each other, just like P[epys] and H[ewer]. Behind it were high curled waves and ships a-sinking, and here and there an appearance of some bits of land.” ↩

  4312. John Lanyon, agent of the Navy Commissioners at Plymouth. The cause of complaint appears to have been connected with his contract for Tangier. In 1668 a charge was made against Lanyon and Thomas Yeabsley that they had defrauded the king in the freighting of the ship Tiger (Calendar of State Papers, 1668⁠–⁠69, p. 138). ↩

  4313. There were sixty fellows present at this meeting of the Royal Society when the new Council was elected. The annual meeting is still held on St. Andrew’s day. ↩

  4314. The cross of St. Andrew, like that of St. Patrick, is a saltire. The two, combined with the red cross of St. George, form the Union flag. ↩

  4315. J. Clerke, writing to the Navy Commissioners, November 21st, 1668, “desires that a valuation may be made of the goods taken by Mr. Acworth out of the stores, with names of the parties who will attest it, and that all the witnesses may be ready by Wednesday sevennight” (Calendar of State Papers, 1668⁠–⁠69, p. 71). This may be Clerke, the solicitor, referred to above. ↩

  4316. See note 2454. ↩

  4317. William Holder’s Elements of Speech: An Essay of Inquiry Into the Natural Production of Letters was published at London in 1669. ↩

  4318. Colonel Middleton. ↩

  4319. This tragedy, taken from the first book of Maccabees, was performed with great success. It was first published in 1669, and a MS. copy is preserved in the Bodleian Library (MS. Rawl. Poet. 39). ↩

  4320. Better known as Bloomsbury Market; but since swallowed up in the New Oxford Street improvements. ↩

  4321. This seems to refer to the first form of the Hon. Robert Boyle’s hydrometer, which he described in a paper in the Philosophical Transactions for June, 1675, under the title of a “New Essay instrument.” In this paper the author refers to a glass instrument exhibited many years before by himself, “consisting of a bubble furnished with a long and slender stem, which was to be put into several liquors to compare and estimate their specific gravity.” Boyle describes this glass bubble in a paper in Philosophical Transactions, vol. iv, No. 50, p. 1001, 1669, entitled, The Weights of Water in Water with Ordinary Balances and Weights. ↩

  4322. Colonel Norwood, the Deputy Governor. ↩

  4323. Anthony Fist. ↩

  4324. Ben Jonson’s tragedy, first published in 1611. Catiline was taken by Hart, Cethegus by Mohun, Cicero by Burt, and Sempronia by Mrs. Corey. ↩

  4325. See January 23rd, 1666⁠–⁠67; March 30th, 1667. She is noticed in one of Rochester’s satires:

    “And Mrs. Strafford yield to B⁠⸺ Hall.”

    State Poems, p. 35, 8vo, 1697

    ↩

  4326. Luis de Benavides Carillo y Toledo, Marques de Caracena, one of the most eminent of the Spanish generals. He had been commander of the Spanish cavalry in Flanders; and he was afterwards Governor of Milan, and employed in the wars of Italy. He died in 1668. —⁠B. ↩

  4327. Henri, Vicomte de Turenne, the celebrated general. In 1666, after the death of his wife, Charlotte, heiress of the Duc de la Force, who like himself had been a Huguenot, and whose influence had retained him in that communion, Turenne professed himself a Roman Catholic. —⁠B. ↩

  4328. Jean Baptiste Colbert, the great minister. —⁠B. ↩

  4329. This reminds us of the famous reply, Laissez nous faire, made to Colbert by the French merchants, whose interests he thought to promote by laws and regulations. —⁠B. ↩

  4330. Strike topsails. ↩

  4331. This was probably the woman described in Wonderful Characters as Barbara Urslerin, the hairy-faced woman. She was born at Augsburg in 1629, which gives us exactly the age Pepys mentions. It is recorded that she was exhibited in 1668 in Ratcliff Highway. There are two portraits of her⁠—one by Isaac Brunn, taken in 1653, and another by Gaywood, about 1658. ↩

  4332. As his partner in the contract for victualling the navy. ↩

  4333. The Life of Julius Caesar, with an Account of His Medals by Clement Edmonds, fol., London, 1655. ↩

  4334. Musicæ Compendium. By Réné Des Cartes, Amsterdam, 1617; rendered into English, London, 1653, 4to. The translator, whose name did not appear on the title, was William, Viscount Brouncker, Pepys’s colleague, who proved his knowledge of music by the performance. ↩

  4335. A tragicomedy by Fletcher, first published in 1647 at the time, though, when revived at Drury Lane in 1743, it met with little success. ↩

  4336. The celebrated John de Witt, Grand Pensionary of Holland, who, a few years afterwards, was massacred, with his brother Cornelius, by the Dutch mob, enraged at their opposition to the elevation of William of Orange to the Stadtholdership, when the States were overrun by the French army, and the Dutch fleets beaten at sea by the English. The murder of the De Witts forms one of the main incidents of Alexandre Dumas’s Black Tulip. ↩

  4337. Henry Sheres accompanied Lord Sandwich in his embassy to Spain, and returned to England in September, 1667, bearing letters from the ambassador (see September 8th, 22nd, 27th). He was an officer in the Ordnance, and served under Lord Dartmouth at the demolition of the Mole at Tangier in 1683. He was knighted about 1684. He translated Polybius (2 vols. 8vo, 1693), and also some of the Dialogues of Lucian, included in the translation published in 1711 (3 vols. 8vo). Pepys bequeathed him a ring, and he died about 1713. In June of that year the sale of the library of Sir Henry Sheers, deceased, was advertised (Guardian, No. 82). ↩

  4338. See February 21st, 1667⁠–⁠68. ↩

  4339. It would seem that the wooden saltcellar was burnt, together with the tablecloth. —⁠B. ↩

  4340. This sentence is imperfect. ↩

  4341. Evelyn saw her, January 29th, 1668⁠–⁠69. She was born in the Low Countries, and stood, at the age of twenty-one, according to Evelyn, six feet ten inches high; yet Pepys, February 8th, 1668⁠–⁠69, makes her height six feet five inches. —⁠B. ↩

  4342. The marriage licence of Roger Pepys, of Impington, widower, aged about forty-eight, and Easter Dickinson, of St. Paul, Covent Garden, widow, aged about forty, is dated February 2nd, 1668⁠–⁠69 (Chester’s London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, 1887, col. 1044). ↩

  4343. Jane, the wife of Serjeant John Turner. ↩

  4344. Anne Pepys, who married Terry Walpole of South Creake. ↩

  4345. Elizabeth, married to Thomas Dyke. ↩

  4346. It was Twelfth Night. ↩

  4347. A tragicomedy by Beaumont and Fletcher; published in 1647, and reprinted in 1669, “as it is acted at the Theatre Royal by His Majesty’s servants. With the alterations and new additional scenes.” —⁠B. ↩

  4348. “. Sir George Downing to the Navy Commissioners. The Treasury Commissioners have appointed the first Friday after New Year’s Day to consider the accounts of the Leopard, Convertine, etc., depending between his Majesty and the East India Company, and desire them to come prepared on his Majesty’s behalf.”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1668⁠–⁠89, p. 106

    ↩

  4349. The Jovial Crew; or, the Merry Beggars, a comedy by Richard Brome. See July 25th, 1661. In 1731 it was turned into an opera. ↩

  4350. Pepys’s pretty sempstress. ↩

  4351. Or Bainbridge? ↩

  4352. Arabella Churchill, sister to John, Duke of Marlborough, and one of the maids of honour to the Duchess of York. James, Duke of Berwick, and three other children, were the fruits of this intrigue. From the Duke of Berwick descend the Dukes of Fitzjames in France. She married subsequently Colonel Godfrey, Comptroller of the Household, and died 1730, aged eighty-two. —⁠B. ↩

  4353. The following cast of parts in The Alchymist, as acted by the King’s Company, and given by Downes in his Roscius Anglicanus, furnishes a clue to the actress described here and in a former passage, December 27th, 1666, as “Doll Common”:

    Subtle Mr. Clun
    Face Major Mohun
    Sir E. Mammon Mr. Cartwright
    Surly Mr. Burt
    Ananias Mr. Lacy
    Wholesome Mr. Bateman
    Doll Common Mrs. Corey
    Dame Plyant Mrs. Rutter

    The identity, however, is placed beyond doubt by a reference to Cataline’s Conspiracy, where we find Mrs. Corey acting the part of Sempronia, in which “Doll Common,” as Pepys styles her, gave offence by imitating Lady Harvey, and consequently was sent to prison. We may add that Mrs. Corey’s name stands first in the list of female performers in the King’s Company under Killigrew. See Roscius Anglicanus, 1708. —⁠B. ↩

  4354. Edward Montagu, Earl of Manchester. Lady Harvey was daughter of Edward, second Lord Montagu of Boughton. She married Sir Daniel Harvey. ↩

  4355. Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Cutler (by his second wife), married to Sir William Portman, K.B., who was the third and last baronet of his family. Pepys could have known neither of his former wives. —⁠B. ↩

  4356. See January 4th, 1668⁠–⁠69. ↩

  4357. Clarendon, whom Pepys mentions by his former office. ↩

  4358. Henry, second son of Arthur, first Baron Capel of Hadham, and himself elevated to the peerage in 1692 by the title of Lord Capel of Tewkesbury, for which town he had served in parliament. He had been created K.B. at the coronation of Charles II, and was a leading member of the House of Commons; and in 1679 appointed First Commissioner of the Admiralty. At the time of his death, at Dublin Castle, May 30th, 1696, he was Lord Deputy of Ireland. He left no issue. —⁠B. ↩

  4359. Which title had been revived for the Capel family in 1661, Arthur, second Baron Capel, being created Earl of Essex. ↩

  4360. The Privy Garden. ↩

  4361. See note 2701. ↩

  4362. The Horace of P. Corneille, translated by Catherine Phillips, the fifth act being added by Sir John Denham. It was presented at Court by persons of quality, the prologue being spoken by the Duke of Monmouth. See Evelyn’s Diary, under February 5th, 1668⁠–⁠69. Another translation by Charles Cotton was published in 1671. ↩

  4363. An account of the Merchants Strangers, from their settlement in the reign of Richard III to that of Charles II, is given in Seymour’s Survey of London, vol. ii, pp. 473⁠–⁠82. —⁠B. ↩

  4364. Edward Gold, a native of Devonshire, living at Highgate, who married Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Gower, also of that place. Their names occur amongst those of the governors of Sir Roger Cholmley’s Grammar School in Highgate. —⁠B. ↩

  4365. Henry Bankers, born at the Hague, an engraver and painter, employed by Charles II to paint views of his seaports and palaces. He followed his profession for some years in London; but, being a Roman Catholic, he left England in the time of the Popish Plot, and died soon afterwards at Amsterdam. ↩

  4366. Sidney Montagu. ↩

  4367. Essex House, where Robert Devereux, third earl of that name, died in 1646, when Pepys was fourteen years old, stood on the site of Essex Street and Devereux Court, formerly the Outer Temple. It had belonged, in the reign of Elizabeth, to the Earl of Leicester, who left it to the second Earl of Essex, father of the Parliamentary-General here mentioned. ↩

  4368. Robert Nanteuil, the celebrated French engraver, a native of Rheims, who was patronized by Evelyn when he was in Paris. He died at Paris in 1678 at the age of forty-eight. ↩

  4369. Les Résolutions Politiques, ou Maximes d’Etat, par Jean de Marnix, Baron de Potes: Bruxelles, 1612, 4to. There were two later editions of this work printed at Rouen. ↩

  4370. See December 14th, 1668. ↩

  4371. Dorothy, daughter of Sir John Weld, of Arnolds, in Edmonton, Middlesex. She died December, 1707. —⁠B. ↩

  4372. Angliæ Notitia, or the Present State of England; together with Reflections upon the Ancient State thereof, 1668, etc., by Edward Chamberlayne, LL.D. ↩

  4373. A. Wood, Fasti, vol. iv, p. 163 (Bliss), mentions that John Waterhouse, of Trinity College, Cambridge, was created M.D., by virtue of letters from Oliver Cromwell, in 1650, and that he went over to Ireland as physician to the army, where he discharged his duties with ability and diligence. —⁠B. ↩

  4374. Robert Streater, appointed Serjeant-Painter at the Restoration. The son of a painter, he was born in Covent Garden in 1624, and he lived for a time in Long Acre. Died 1680, soon after being operated upon for the stone. Charles II had so much kindness for his painter that he sent to Paris for a surgeon to perform the operation. ↩

  4375. Afterwards Sir Christopher Wren. ↩

  4376. Robert Whitehall wrote a poem called Urania, or a description of the painting at the top of the theatre at Oxford, which concluded with these lines:

    “That future ages must confess they owe
    To Streater more than Michelangelo.”

    Walpole’s Anecdotes of Painting, ed. Dallaway and Wornum, vol. ii, p. 85

    ↩

  4377. The Heiress does not appear in the list of the Duke of Newcastle’s works, nor has any play of that name and date been traced. At the same time, it is to be observed that “Heir” was formerly used for “Heiress;” and such is the case in May’s play of The Heir, in vol. viii of the last edition of Dodsley’s Old Plays. —⁠B. ↩

  4378. The story about the caning of Kynaston has been preserved by Oldys, and copied by Malone, who tells us that Kynaston was vain of his personal resemblance to Sir C. Sedley, and dressed exactly like him. Sedley, to revenge this insult, hired a bravo to chastise him in St. James’s Park, under the pretext that he mistook him for the baronet. According to Pepys, it would seem that the imitation was made in the play of The Heiress, which is very likely; and perhaps for this he got another beating, or it might be the same, and that in which the story, the scene of which is laid in the park, originated. It is worth remarking, on the authority of Mr. Genest, the compiler of Some Account of the English Stage from 1660 to 1830, that Sir C. Sedley expressly introduced the incident of the beating of one man for another, owing to similarity of dress and appearance, into his comedy of The Mulberry Garden, which seems to have been first acted May 18th, 1668, some time before the date Pepys assigns to the caning of Kynaston, February 1st, 1668⁠–⁠69. —⁠B. ↩

  4379. See note 4277 on the parallelogram or pantograph. The protractor is a surveying instrument for laying down and measuring angles on paper. It is of various forms, semicircular, rectangular, or circular. ↩

  4380. Probably Boynton. Sir Matthew Boynton, of Barmston, in Yorkshire, was created a baronet in 1618. He had seven sons, one of whom, Colonel Boynton, having embraced, like his father, the cause of the Parliament, took Sir John Hotham prisoner at York. Sir Matthew died in 1646. His eldest son became Sir Francis Boynton; the second, Matthew, was slain at Wigan, before the advance of Charles II to Worcester: he left two daughters, one of whom, Katharine, the maid of honour, who figures in Grammont, married Richard Talbot, afterwards Duke of Tyrconnel; the other married Wentworth, Earl of Roscommon. The remaining five sons, Marmaduke, John, Gustavus, Cornelius, Charles, all died unmarried. One of the sons must have been the Colonel Boynton who took Sir John Hotham prisoner, and in all probability he is the same who is here mentioned in connection with Doll Stacey. Pepys only supposes he had married her. —⁠B. ↩

  4381. Captain John Cox was appointed Commissioner at Chatham on the 29th March, 1669, and he held the office until 1672, when he was killed on board the Prince at the battle of Southwold Bay. He was Sir John Cox at the time of his death. He had previously held the office of Master Attendant at Deptford. ↩

  4382. John Tippets (afterwards Sir John) was appointed Extra Commissioner of the Navy in 1667, and appointed to Portsmouth in 1668. He was Surveyor of the Navy from 1672 to 1685, and from 1688 to 1692. ↩

  4383. The Conde de Dona. ↩

  4384. See February 17th. ↩

  4385. See January 22nd, 1668⁠–⁠69. ↩

  4386. The word “resent” was formerly used to express the taking of a thing well or ill. Barrow wrote, “How much more should we resent such a testimony of God’s favour (than that of an earthly prince).” ↩

  4387. Barbara Pepys, daughter of Roger Pepys, by his second wife (Barbara Bacon), born at Impington, 1649. She married Thomas Gall, D.D., Dean of York, and died in 1689. ↩

  4388. Elizabeth, daughter of the same parents, born at Impington, 1651; married Charles Longe, B.D., rector of Risby, co. Suffolk, and died 1716. ↩

  4389. Entitled, “The Sandy Foundation Shaken; or those⁠ ⁠… doctrines of one God subsisting in three distinct and separate persons; the impossibility of God’s pardoning sinners without a plenary satisfaction, the justification of impure persons by an imputative righteousness, refuted from the authority of Scripture testimonies and right reason, etc. London, 1668.” It caused him to be imprisoned in the Tower. “Aug. 4, 1669. Young Penn who wrote the blasphemous book is delivered to his father to be transported” (“Letter to Sir John Birkenhead, quoted by Bishop Kennett in his MS. Collections, vol. lxxxix, p. 477). ↩

  4390. Algernon Percy, tenth Earl of Northumberland, Lord High Admiral 1637 to 1642. ↩

  4391. Of the Navy. ↩

  4392. Southampton. ↩

  4393. Clarendon. ↩

  4394. Pepys was perhaps induced to make this purchase for his cousin, in accordance with the taste of the Duke of York, who, in allusion to Lady Chesterfield’s wearing green stockings, remarked, says Hamilton: “qu’il n’y avoit point de saint pour une jambe sans bas verds” (Mémoires de Grammont). —⁠B. ↩

  4395. Sir Samuel Tuke, of Cressing Temple, Essex, Bart., was a colonel in Charles I’s army, and cousin to John Evelyn. He married Mary Sheldon, one of Queen Katherine’s dressers, and died at Somerset House, January 26th, 1673. We have seen that he was the translator of The Adventures of Five Hours. He was a Roman Catholic; and there is a life of him in Dodd’s Church History (vol. iii, p. 251). ↩

  4396. We may suppose that pews were by no means common at this time within consecrated walls, from the word being applied indifferently by Pepys to a box in a place of amusement, and two days afterwards to a seat at church. It would appear, from other authorities, that between 1646 and 1660 scarcely any pews had been erected; and Sir C. Wren is known to have objected to their introduction into his London churches. —⁠B. ↩

  4397. Rochester was not yet twenty-one years old, whilst Charles was thirty-eight. —⁠B. ↩

  4398. John, second Lord Robartes (Earl of Radnor, 1679), was appointed Lord Lieutenant May 3rd, 1669. ↩

  4399. “Buried, Mrs. Elizabeth, wife of Colonel Thomas Middleton.”

    Register of St. Olave’s, Hart Street

    According to Burke, Jane, daughter of Sir Robert Needham, of Lambeth, married Charles, brother of Sir Thomas Middleton, Bart. Her sister Eleanor was mistress to the Duke of Monmouth. —⁠B. ↩

  4400. Then in Bishopsgate Without, on the north side of what was afterwards Liverpool Street. ↩

  4401. A comedy by James Shirley, first published in 1630. ↩

  4402. On the south side of Fleet Street, opposite St. Dunstan’s Church. ↩

  4403. Pepys’s attachment to the fair sex extended even to a dead queen. The record of this royal salute on his natal day is very characteristic. The story told him in Westminster Abbey appears to have been correct; for Neale informs us (History of Westminster Abbey, vol. ii, p. 88) that near the south side of Henry V’s tomb there was formerly a wooden chest, or coffin, wherein part of the skeleton and parched body of Katherine de Valois, his queen (from the waist upwards), was to be seen. She was interred in January, 1457, in the Chapel of Our Lady, at the east end of this church; but when that building was pulled down by her grandson, Henry VII, her coffin was found to be decayed, and her body was taken up, and placed in a chest, near her first husband’s tomb. “There,” says Dart, “it hath ever since continued to be seen, the bones being firmly united, and thinly clothed with flesh, like scrapings of tanned leather.” This awful spectacle of frail mortality was at length removed from the public gaze into St. Nicholas’s Chapel, and finally deposited under the monument of Sir George Villiers, when the vault was made for the remains of Elizabeth Percy, Duchess of Northumberland, in December, 1776. —⁠B. ↩

  4404. Glass House Alley, Whitefriars and Blackfriars, marked the site for some years. The Whitefriars Glass Works of Messrs. Powell and Sons are on the old site, now Temple Street. ↩

  4405. A tragicomedy, altered by Thomas Shadwell from a comedy written by John Fountain, called The Rewards of Virtue, published in 1661. The Royal Shepherdess was published in 1669. ↩

  4406. An allusion to the popular ballad, “O Brave Arthur of Bradley,” which is referred to by Ben Jonson, Dekker, and other Elizabethan dramatists. There are two other ballads of “Arthur-a Bradley” of a later date. See Chappell’s Popular Music of the Olden Time, vol. ii, pp. 539⁠–⁠40, 604. ↩

  4407. Henry Savile was a younger son of Sir William Savile, Bart., of Thornhill, in Yorkshire, by Anne, one of the daughters of Thomas, first Lord Coventry, and sister to Sir William Coventry. He became Vice-Chamberlain to Charles II, and served in parliament for Newark; and died s.p. —⁠B. ↩

  4408. A tragicomedy by John Ford, published in 1639. ↩

  4409. Sir William Turner, Merchant Taylor. ↩

  4410. As a symbol of his authority. ↩

  4411. The only printed notice of this dispute occurs in Pearce’s History of the Inns of Court and Chancery, 8vo, 1848, p. 236: “The Lord Mayor (Sir W. Turner) complained to the king, and on the 7th April, 1669, the case was heard before his Majesty in council. The ringleaders, Mr. Hodges, Mr. Wynn, and Mr. Monday, appeared at the Board, attended by counsel, who were heard on their behalf. Upon consideration, it appearing to the king that the matter very much depended upon the right and privilege of bearing up the Lord Mayor’s sword within the Temple, which, by order of Council on the 24th March, in the same year, had been left to be decided by due course of law, his Majesty thought fit to suspend the declaration of his pleasure thereupon, until the said right and privilege should be determined at law.” Mr. Tyrrel, the City Remembrancer, has obligingly communicated the only two entries relating to the business existing in the Corporation Records: the first is an order, dated March 23rd, 1668, for the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, etc., to attend the council on the following day; and the other directs the Chamberlain to pay the Town Clerk £23 14s. 6d., by him disbursed for counsel about the business of the Temple, etc. It would appear the question remains unsettled to this day. —⁠B. ↩

  4412. While Buckingham was busy with his Rehearsal he threatened to bring Sir William Coventry into a play at the King’s House, but Coventry challenged the duke for the intended insult, and the intention was frustrated. ↩

  4413. At Westminster. ↩

  4414. Charles II wrote to his sister (Henrietta, Duchess of Orleans), on March 7th, 1669: “I am not sorry that Sir Will. Coventry has given me this good occasion by sending my Lord of Buckingham a challenge to turne him out of the Councill. I do intend to turn him also out of the Treasury. The truth of it is, he has been a troublesome man in both places and I am well rid of him” (Julia Cartwright’s Madame, 1894, p. 283). ↩

  4415. The duel. See January 17th, 1667⁠–⁠68. ↩

  4416. The Brick Tower stands on the northern wall, a little to the west of Martin tower, with which it communicates by a secret passage. It was the residence of the Master of the Ordnance, and Raleigh was lodged here for a time. ↩

  4417. See it marked in the Plan of Deptford, in Evelyn’s Diary, vol. i, p. 328, 4to edit., 1819. —⁠B. ↩

  4418. Lady Henrietta Boyle, fifth daughter to the Earl of Burlington, married Laurence Hyde (afterwards created Earl of Rochester) in 1665. ↩

  4419. Anne Ogle, daughter of Thomas Ogle, of Pinchbeck, in Lincolnshire. She was afterwards the first wife of Craven Howard (son of Mrs. Howard), brother of her fellow maid of honour (see Evelyn’s Diary, June 15th, 1675). Her only child, Anne, died unmarried. —⁠B. ↩

  4420. Margaret Blagge, or Blague, daughter of Colonel Blague, and afterwards wife of Sidney Godolphin. Her life, written by Evelyn, was first published by Bishop Wilberforce in 1847. ↩

  4421. Dorothy, the elder daughter of Mrs. Howard. She afterwards married Colonel James Graham, of Levens, Keeper of the Privy Purse of the Duke of York. Their daughter, Katharine Graham, married her cousin, Henry Bowes Howard, fourth Earl of Berkshire, and eleventh Earl of Suffolk. —⁠B. ↩

  4422. The mother of the maids in the Court of Queen Katharine was Bridget, Lady Sanderson, daughter of Sir Edward Tyrrell, Knt., and wife of Sir William Sanderson, Gentleman of the Privy Chamber. It is possible, however, that some one filled the like office in the household of the Duchess of York. —⁠B. ↩

  4423. Elizabeth, daughter of Lowthiel, Lord Dundas, wife of William Howard, fourth son of the first Earl of Berkshire. Her son, Craven Howard, married, first, Anne Ogle, mentioned above; and, secondly, Mary, daughter of George Bower, of Elford, in Staffordshire, by whom he had Henry Bowes Howard, who married Katharine Graham. It was by means of Mrs. Howard, who, as housekeeper to the Duke of York, resided in the Treasurer’s house at Deptford, that Evelyn, who lived at Sayes Court, adjoining the Royal Yard, first became acquainted with Mrs. Godolphin, and it is to Lady Sylvius, the younger daughter of Mrs. Howard, that he addresses her Life. —⁠B. ↩

  4424. See February 3rd, 1665; June 13th, 1666; August 27th and September 1st, 1667. Louis de Duras, Marquis of Blanquefort, succeeded in 1677 to the titles and estates of his father-in-law, Sir George Sondes, who, in April, 1676, was created Earl of Feversham and Viscount Sondes. As Earl of Feversham Blanquefort became of great importance during the short reign of James II. He died April 19th, 1709, s.p. ↩

  4425. Sir Richard Powle, of Shottesbrooke, Berks, Master of the Horse to the Duchess of York. —⁠B. ↩

  4426. Edward Villiers, Master of the Robes and Groom of the Bedchamber to the Duke of York. He was afterwards knighted, and was the direct ancestor of the Earls of Jersey. —⁠B. ↩

  4427. The second baronet of his family, and father of the Bishop of Winchester, of the same names. —⁠B. ↩

  4428. A writer in the Gentleman’s Magazine, February, 1738, says “At the Restoration succeeded Love games, as I love my Love with an A; a Flower and a Lady, and I am a lusty wooer” (Brand’s Popular Antiquities, ed. Hazlitt, 1870, vol. ii, p. 288). ↩

  4429. A zealous supporter of Charles I during the Civil War. Made a Justice of the King’s Bench, 1665. He was a terror to highwaymen, and sentenced Claude Duval, preventing him from receiving a pardon. He died 1672. ↩

  4430. Sir John Morton, of Milborn St. Andrew, Dorset, the second baronet of his family, then serving as burgess for Poole, and afterwards for Melcombe Regis. He died in 1698, aged seventy-one. —⁠B. ↩

  4431. See Diary, July 4th, 1668, where Sir W. Coventry’s round table is described. ↩

  4432. It is painful to find a person of Sir William Coventry’s rank and station entertaining so cowardly a mode of revenging himself; and it is very remarkable that, in little more than a year afterwards, his own nephew, Sir John Coventry, was maimed in the very same way, his nose having been slit to the bone by a party of assassins hired for the purpose. See note 3538. —⁠B. ↩

  4433. Charles Porter “was the son of a prebend[ary] in Norwich, and a ’prentice boy in the city in the rebellious times. When the committee house was blown up, he was very active in that rising, and after the soldiers came and dispersed the rout, he, as a rat among joint stools, shifted to and fro among the shambles, and had forty pistols shot at him by the troopers that rode after him to kill him [24th April, 1648]. In that distress he had the presence of mind to catch up a little child that, during the rout, was frighted, and stood crying in the streets, and, unobserved by the troopers, ran away with it. The people opened a way for him, saying, ‘Make room for the poor child.’ Thus he got off, and while search was made for him in the marketplace, got into the Yarmouth ferry, and at Yarmouth took ship and went to Holland.⁠ ⁠… In Holland he trailed a pike, and was in several actions as a common soldier. At length he kept a cavalier eating-house; but, his customers being needy, he soon broke, and came for England, and being a genteel youth, was taken in among the chancery clerks, and got to be under a master.⁠ ⁠… His industry was great; and he had an acquired dexterity and skill in the forms of the court; and although he was a bon companion, and followed much the bottle, yet he made such dispatches as satisfied his clients, especially the clerks, who knew where to find him. His person was florid, and speech prompt and articulate. But his vices, in the way of women and the bottle, were so ungoverned, as brought him to a morsel.⁠ ⁠… When the Lord Keeper North had the Seal, who from an early acquaintance had a kindness for him which was well known, and also that he was well heard, as they call it, business flowed in to him very fast, and yet he could scarce keep himself at liberty to follow his business.⁠ ⁠… At the Revolution, when his interest fell from, and his debts began to fall upon him, he was at his wits’ end.⁠ ⁠… His character for fidelity, loyalty, and facetious conversation was without exception”⁠—Roger North’s Lives of the Norths (Lord Keeper Guilford), ed. Jessopp, vol. i, pp. 381⁠–⁠2. He was originally made Lord Chancellor of Ireland in the reign of James II, during the viceroyalty of Lord Clarendon, 1686, when he was knighted. “He was,” says Burnet, “a man of ready wit, and being poor was thought a person fit to be made a tool of. When Clarendon was recalled, Porter was also displaced, and Fitton was made chancellor, a man who knew no other law than the king’s pleasure” (Own Time). Sir Charles Porter was again made Lord Chancellor of Ireland in 1690, and in this same year he acted as one of the Lords Justices. This note of Lord Braybrooke’s is retained and added to, but the reference may after all be to another Charles Porter. ↩

  4434. Rupert. ↩

  4435. Kingsgate Street, High Holborn, called after the gate placed at the end of the street. In the reign of James I it was a mere country lane, with a barred gate at its entrance, which, from that monarch’s usually passing through it, on his way to Theobalds, received the denomination of King’s Gate. Theobald’s Road (formerly King’s Road), to which the street leads, takes its name from the same cause. ↩

  4436. Paulina Montagu. See March 1st, ante. ↩

  4437. Her maiden sister. See note 3123. ↩

  4438. The Sugar Loaf and Green Lettice was a tavern in Fleet Street, the site of which is now incorporated with Child’s Bank. Mr. F. G. Hilton Price writes:

    “Of the Sugar Loaf and Green Lettice we cannot glean any history; it was situated immediately in the rear of the Marygold, and the kitchen of the present bank is a part of those premises, and puts one greatly in mind of what the dining room at Dick’s Coffeehouse used to be when kept by Mr. Quelch, and closely resembles the interior of the old Rainbow tavern. But both these latter coffeehouses were established after the Marygold ceased to exist as a tavern.”

    Temple Bar, or Some Account of “ye Marygold”, 1875, p. 8

    ↩

  4439. The difficulty of deciding as to the parentage of Betty Turner is very great. In some places it appears as if she were the daughter of Mrs. Turner, the wife of Mr. Turner of the Navy Office, but here and on the 13th instant there is a distinct reference to Pepys’s cousin, Mrs. Jane Turner, “and her two daughters,” although it is generally stated that Theophila was the only daughter of Serjeant John and Mrs. Jane Turner. Betty must, therefore, have been a younger sister of Theophila; but if so the received information respecting Serjeant Turner’s children is very incorrect, for, according to Pepys, Betty had two brothers not elsewhere mentioned. ↩

  4440. Henry, the ninth earl, called the Wizard Earl, was confined in the Tower from 1605 to 1621, and the walk was probably constructed for his use during that long imprisonment. He hired the Brick tower from Lord Carew, Master of the Ordnance, as an occasional residence for his son Algernon. ↩

  4441. Coke’s Institutes; third part. ↩

  4442. The Rolls House and Chapel. ↩

  4443. The Crown Office in the Temple gave its name to Crown Office Row, but the Crown Office now forms a part of the central office of the Supreme Court of Judicature at the Royal Courts of Justice, Strand. Previously it was situated in King’s Bench Walk. ↩

  4444. George Gififord, A.M., appointed in 1661 rector of St. Dunstan’s in the East. Died 1686. —⁠Newcourt’s Repertorium Ecclesiasticum. —⁠B. ↩

  4445. See note 4423. ↩

  4446. The old palace at Greenwich had just been pulled down, and a new building commenced by Charles II, only one wing of which was completed, at the expense of £36,000, under the auspices of Webb, Inigo Jones’s kinsman and executor. In 1694 the unfinished edifice was granted by William and Mary to trustees for the use and service of a Naval Hospital; and it has been repeatedly enlarged and improved till it has arrived at its present splendour. —⁠B. ↩

  4447. The anti-church party. ↩

  4448. The report could hardly have been believed, considering the bishop’s connection with Oliver Cromwell. —⁠B. ↩

  4449. A comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, performed at Court in 1642, and published in the folio edition of their plays, 1647. Genest does not mention the revival of the play before 1682. ↩

  4450. See November 29th, ante. ↩

  4451. Sir John Kempthorne, Commissioner of the Navy at Portsmouth in 1675, and at Chatham in 1679. On the commencement of the second Dutch war, being then a rear-admiral of the blue, he hoisted his flag on board the St. Andrew. For his conspicuous conduct at the battle of Southwold Bay he was made vice-admiral. He died in 1679. ↩

  4452. Sir Laurence Van Heemskirk was captain of the Nonsuch. In a letter from B. Johnson to Williamson, dated “Portsmouth Yard, March 14,” we read, “The new Nonsuch is at Spithead, having had some alterations made to advance her sailing. The captain and officers are in London about a difference between him and his lieutenant” (Calendar of State Papers, 1668⁠–⁠69, p. 233). ↩

  4453. John Holland, Paymaster to the Treasurer of the Navy, mentioned before. A copy of this work, which has never been printed, is amongst Sir Hans Sloane’s MSS., and another, in connection with papers relative to the Navy, formerly belonging to Sir George Duckett, both in the British Museum. In the Pepysian Collection, No. 113, are Two Discourses of Mr. Holland’s touching the Government of the Navy; one under the Earl of Northumberland in 1638, probably perused by Pepys, February 14th, ante, and April 18th, post; the other during the Rebellion, 1659, 2 vols., fol. —⁠B. ↩

  4454. Lambeth. Stangate extends from the west end of Westminster Bridge to Lambeth Marsh. ↩

  4455. Hugh May. ↩

  4456. Sir Christopher. ↩

  4457. See May 18th, 1660. ↩

  4458. Thomas Holden to Williamson, dated “Falmouth, March 15”:

    “The Morning Star has come in, and reports that she was met off Cadiz by an Algiers man-of-war of 30 guns well manned, who came on board and demanded a Moorish boy that they had; having found him they carried him to their own ship, and by beating upon the soles of his feet, and other torments, made him confess to much money on board the Star, which they came and took, amounting to £8,000 to £10,000”

    Calendar of State Papers, 1668⁠–⁠69, p. 234

    ↩

  4459. His servants. ↩

  4460. Although marriages during Lent have always been considered unseemly, it is a vulgar error to suppose that a licence is required to solemnize them at that season. See Johnson’s Clergyman’s Vade-Mecum, vol. i, p. 167. —⁠B. ↩

  4461. Salisbury House, Strand, built by Sir Robert Cecil, the first Earl of Salisbury. Queen Elizabeth was present at the housewarming on December 6th, 1602. It was pulled down in 1695, and Cecil Street built on the site. Ivy Bridge Lane, to the west of the old mansion, still exists, by the side of the new “Hotel Cecil” which has been built on the site of Cecil and Salisbury Streets. ↩

  4462. “Petition of Joseph Brown, caulker to the Navy Commissioners (March 25, 1669), for some recompense for quenching the fire from burning the Defiance’s head, on which service he burnt a Sunday coat and hat.” Calendar of State Papers, 1668⁠–⁠69, p. 249. ↩

  4463. See the day before. ↩

  4464. Captain John Tinker, master attendant at Portsmouth. ↩

  4465. See April 1st, 1667. ↩

  4466. The Friary, in Aylesford parish, since the property of the Earls of Aylesford, whose ancestor, Heneage Finch, married the eldest daughter and co-heir of Sir John Bankes. —⁠B. ↩

  4467. Kits-Cotty House, a cromlech in Aylesford parish, Kent, on a hillside adjacent to the river Medway, three and a half miles N. by W. of Maidstone. It consists of three upright stones and an overlying one, and forms a small chamber open in front. It is supposed to have been the centre of a group of monuments indicating the burial-place of the Belgian settlers in this part of Britain. Other stones of a similar character exist in the neighbourhood. ↩

  4468. John Manley, M.P. for Bridport; he married Margaret, daughter of the unfortunate Isaak Dorislaus. —⁠B. ↩

  4469. The Duke of York’s order to Sir William Penn, authorizing him to call a court-martial to inquire concerning the loss of the Defiance, was dated December 29th, 1668. The list of those summoned to form the court-martial are as follows: Sir George Ascue, Sir Jeremy Smith, Sir Robert Holmes, Sir Joseph Jordan, Sir John Harman, Thomas Middleton, Esq., Samuel Pepys, Esq., Rear-Admiral Kempthorne, Capt. John Cox, Sir John Chicheley, Capt. John Hubbard, Capt. Willough. Hannam, Capt. William Poole, Capt. John Narbrough, Capt. William Coleman, Capt. Edw. Cotterell, Capt. Thomas Guy, Capt. Rich. Goodlad, Capt. Ben. Young, Capt. Rich. Beach, Capt. Rich. Haddock, Capt. Charles Wylde, Capt. Peter Bowen, Capt. Francis Wilsshaw, Capt. Rob. Sheppard, Capt. Rob. Worden. The order is printed in Penn’s Memorials of Sir W. Penn, vol. ii, p. 520. ↩

  4470. It was eleven years, as the operation was performed on March 26th, 1658. ↩

  4471. Dr. Ball was preacher at St. Mary Woolchurch towards the latter end of the Commonwealth, and, according to Newcourt, was much followed by the loyal party. He was made Master of the Temple in 1665. ↩

  4472. Afterwards Sir Josiah Child. ↩

  4473. The Princess Mary, afterwards Queen of England. ↩

  4474. An olio is a mixed dish of meat and vegetables, and, secondarily, mixture or medley. ↩

  4475. Brentford. ↩

  4476. Cosmo de’ Medici, who succeeded his father Ferdinand in the grand-dukedom of Tuscany in 1670. Whilst he was in England in 1669 the prince caused a number of views of places and of scenery to be executed for him. Thirty-nine of these have been engraved on a reduced scale for Mawman’s quarto volume of Cosmo’s Travels, published in 1821, but those prints being very unsatisfactory, the facsimile copies of the original drawings now at Florence were purchased by the Right Hon. Thomas Grenville, and form part of the splendid library which he bequeathed in 1846 to the British Museum. Readers will remember the use which Lord Macaulay has made of them, that “scarce a hedgerow is to be seen, and numerous tracts, now rich with cultivation, appear as bare as Salisbury Plain.” Sir John Reresby writes:

    “April, 1669. The Prince of Tuscany came to London with a retinue and equipage suitable to his quality. The king entertained him magnificently; after some time he kept house at his own charge, where he had all the portable varieties for food and drink Italy could afford. I dined twice with him; he was very kind to me, as he was to all those that had travelled in Italy and knew the language.”

    Memoirs, 1634⁠–⁠89, ed. Cartwright, 1875, p. 79

    ↩

  4477. Betty Smith. See January 11th, 1668⁠–⁠69. ↩

  4478. See March 3rd, 1668⁠–⁠69. ↩

  4479. Robert Eden, of West Auckland, Durham, which county he represented in padiament for many years, married the lady here alluded to, Margaret, daughter and heir of John Lambton. He is the direct ancestor of the Lords Auckland. He was created a baronet November 13th, 1672, and died in 1720, his wife surviving till 1730. —⁠B. ↩

  4480. Now Hoxton. ↩

  4481. Captain Richard Trevanion, of the Dartmouth. ↩

  4482. John Loten, a landscape painter, long established in London, where he died about 1680. ↩

  4483. See note 2810. ↩

  4484. Simon Verelst, a Dutch flower-painter, who practised his art with much success in England. His success turned his head, and he called himself the god of flowers. He died at a great age in Suffolk Street about 1710. ↩

  4485. See note 4476. ↩

  4486. See July 31st, 1668. ↩

  4487. Mr. John Biddulph Martin, in his interesting work on “The Grasshopper in Lombard Street,” 1892, refers to Alderman Backwell’s building operations. He writes (p. 185): “Shortly previous to the Great Fire, Backwell, whose shop was at the Unicorn in Lombard Street, next door to the Grasshopper, conceived the idea of developing the considerable block of property over which he had acquired an interest by opening passages through it from Lombard Street to Cornhill.” Again (p. 186): “Backwell possibly took advantage of the catastrophe of the fire to enlarge his views,” and then Mr. Martin quotes the passage in the text. Mr. Martin writes: “Alderman Backwell figures largely in the City history of his time, and was certainly eminent among the goldsmiths of the Restoration; but it seems that the ‘little town’ whose erection he contemplated was built on land in which he had a leasehold interest only. The Great Fire of London destroyed not only the City itself, but also most of its records. It has opposed an almost insuperable obstacle in the way of research into local history previous to its occurrence.” ↩

  4488. See April 2nd, 1662. ↩

  4489. Clothworkers’ Hall is situated near the northeast end of Mincing Lane, next to Fenchurch Street. Sir John Robinson, when Lord Mayor in 1663, entertained the king and queen, the queen dowager, and the Duke and Duchess of York in the hall. The original hall was destroyed in the Great Fire, but rebuilt shortly afterwards. Sir Owen Roberts, M.A., D.C.L., clerk of the company, informs the editor that the Court, on April 7th, 1669, at the request of Mr. Sheriff Forth, granted the use of the hall and offices thereunto belonging for the entertainment, on April 13th, of the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen. The restored hall was taken down in 1856⁠–⁠57, and the present capacious edifice erected from the designs of Mr. Samuel Angell, architect. ↩

  4490. Edward Wingate, who represented St. Albans in the Long Parliament. —⁠B. ↩

  4491. Downes says that the play took very well (Roscius Anglicanus, p. 28). Genest could not fix the date of presentation nearer than between 1667 and 1672. This comedy was not printed till 1693. ↩

  4492. Who had been murdered. See August 4th, 1664. ↩

  4493. Subtle, the alchymist. ↩

  4494. A copy of the paper here alluded to is in Rawlinson, A. 195, fol. 124. It was an extract from an old book formerly in the library at Petworth, and written by Sir William Monson, the well-known English admiral, who died in 1643. He was the author of several naval tracts, all of which are printed in Churchill’s Voyages, and the passage quoted by Pepys will be found at p. 421 of vol. iii. It seems highly probable that someone in the Dutch interest might have seen Sir William’s Book of Stratagems, and planned the memorable expedition against Chatham; though the fact of the defenceless state of the River Thames, in the event of the Dutch ever becoming superior to us at sea, was too obvious to merit the appellation of a prophecy. —⁠B. ↩

  4495. See note 2519. ↩

  4496. Henry VIII gave to the Fraternity of Artillery for their exercise ground a field belonging to the dissolved priory and hospital of St. Mary Spital, beyond Bishopsgate, known as the Teazle Close. The site is now marked by Artillery Lane and Artillery Street, Bishopsgate Street Without. ↩

  4497. From Louis XIV. See April 28th. ↩

  4498. Thomas Papillon, Esq., of Lubbenham, in Leicestershire, who purchased the manor of Acrise, in Kent, in 1666. He was an eminent merchant of London, and Master of the Mercers’ Company in 1698; and was M.P. for Dover, temp. Charles II, and for London in the 10th of William III. The case of Mr. Papillon related to a petition of the Company of Wine Merchants, concerning brandy, alias strong water, against the Farmers of Excise, of which some account is given in Anchitell Grey’s Debates, vol. i, p. 237. —⁠B. ↩

  4499. The Island Princess, a tragicomedy by Fletcher, was revived in 1669 as The Island Princess, or the Generous Portugal. The King of Tidore was acted by Kynaston, and Quisara, the Island Princess, by Mrs. Marshall. ↩

  4500. Apparently the play by Lord Orrery, which Pepys first saw acted on September 28th, 1664. ↩

  4501. William Douglas, ninth Earl of Morton, who had married Lord Middleton’s daughter Grizel. —⁠B. ↩

  4502. Margaret, daughter and co-heir of William Hollidaie or Haliday, Alderman and Lord Mayor of London, widow of Sir Edward Hungerford, parliamentary commander, who died, s.p., 1648. She survived till 1673. Hungerford House was pulled down by the spendthrift Sir Edward Hungerford, and Hungerford Market was built on the site in 1680. The market was rebuilt in 1831⁠–⁠33, and the Charing Cross station of the South Eastern Railway now marks the site. ↩

  4503. The work here mentioned is a bitter satire against the Court Rome, written in Italian, and attributed to Gregorio Leti. It was first printed in 1667, without the name or place of printer, but it is from the press of the Elzevirs. The book obtained by Pepys was probably the anonymous English translation, “Il Nipotismo di Roma: or the history of the Popes nephews from the time of Sixtus IV to the death the last Pope Alexander VII. In two parts. Written originally Italian in the year 1667 and Englished by W. A. London, 1669” 8vo. From this work the word Nepotism is derived, and is applied to the bad practice of statesmen, when in power, providing lucrative places for their relations. ↩

  4504. Clarendon, then an exile in France. ↩

  4505. Juan de Mariana, Historiæ de Rebus Hispaniæ libri xx. First published at Toledo in 1592. Ten books were subsequently added, 1605, and the work was completed to the accession of Philip IV in 1624. The author was induced by its success to translate his book into Spanish. The first part of the Historia de España appeared in 1601, and it was completed in 1609. Frequently reprinted both in Latin and in Spanish since 1624. J. Stevens produced an English translation in 1699. ↩

  4506. Isabella, daughter of William Howard, Viscount Stafford, third wife to John Powlett, fifth Marquis of Winchester. —⁠B. ↩

  4507. John, Lord Bellassis, was thrice married: first, to Jane, daughter of Sir Robert Boteler, of Woodhall, Herts; secondly, to Ann, daughter of Sir Robert Crane, of Chilton, Suffolk; thirdly, to Lady Anne Powlett, daughter of the above-named Marquis of Winchester (by his second wife, Lady Honora de Burgh), and who is the person referred to by Pepys. —⁠B. ↩

  4508. Henry Oldenburgh, secretary of the Royal Society. ↩

  4509. A Description of an Instrument invented many years ago by Dr. Christopher Wren, for drawing the outlines of any object in Perspective. Published in the Philosophical Transactions, No. 45, p. 898 (vol. iv, 669); reprinted in Hutton’s Abridgment, vol. i, p. 325. ↩

  4510. See note 4337. ↩

  4511. See note 2701. ↩

  4512. See note 4503. ↩

  4513. Sir John Robinson. ↩

  4514. Andronicus, or the Unfortunate Politician: showing Sin slowly punished, Right surely rescued.⁠ ⁠… By Thomas Fuller, B.D. London, 1646; second edition, 1646; third edition, 1649. There is a review of the book in the Retrospective Review, second series, vol. i, pp. 396⁠–⁠406. ↩

  4515. Sir Edward Scott, made LL.D. at Oxford, 1677. ↩

  4516. See May 1st, 1662. ↩

  4517. The Conde de Dona. ↩

  4518. See ante, November 16th, 1668. ↩

  4519. Probably on Stroud Green, and known by the name of Stapleton Hall, originally the residence of Sir Thomas Stapleton, of Gray’s Court, Oxon, Bart. The building, on which were his initials, with those of his wife, and the date, 1609, was afterwards converted into a public-house, with the sign of the Green Man, and a century ago had in the front the following inscription:

    “Ye are welcome all
    To Stapleton Hall.”

    A club, styling themselves “the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Corporation of Stroud Green,” formerly met annually at this place, which occasioned a scene similar to that of a country wake or fair. —⁠Lewis’s Hist. of Islington, p. 281. —⁠B. ↩

  4520. Browne, the instrument-maker in the Minories. ↩

  4521. See May 31st. ↩

  4522. See May 28th, 1667. ↩

  4523. On one of the public days. ↩

  4524. Sir Jeremiah Smith was appointed Comptroller of the Victualling in succession to Sir William Penn, who held that office from 1667 to 1669. The date of Smith’s patent is June 17th, 1669. ↩

  4525. The Roman Virgin, or Unjust Judge, a tragedy, altered by Thomas Betterton from Webster’s Appius and Virginia. Published in 1679. ↩

  4526. In Huntingdonshire, the residence of Pepys’s brother-in-law, Mr. Jackson. —⁠B. ↩

  4527. Psalm 137:2. ↩

  4528. The person here alluded to is probably Alexander Montgomery, the sixth Earl of Eglintoun, called Greysteel, who was a rank Presbyterian and a ruling Elder of the General Assembly when the solemn League and Covenant were drawn up. He fought against Charles at Marston Moor, whilst his son and successor was in the king’s army; but he afterwards became a Royalist, and died in 1661, aged seventy-three. The son was a consistent supporter of monarchy, and there seems no reason why he should have been made an object of satire. His death occurred only two months before the unseemly scene at Lambeth. —⁠B. ↩

  4529. For what Addison calls “Thames ribaldry,” see Spectator, No. 383. —⁠B. ↩

  4530. See June 2nd, 1668, and May 28th. ↩

  4531. See May 3rd, 1669. ↩

  4532. The Spanish Curate, a comedy by Beaumont and Fletcher, was seen by Pepys at the Whitefriars Theatre on March 16th, 1660⁠–⁠61. ↩

  4533. This island, the second in size and in population of the West India Islands, was discovered by Columbus on December 6th, 1492. He called it Española, or little Spain, whence the latinized name of Hispaniola. It was afterwards also called Santo Domingo, after its chief town. The island remained entirely a Spanish possession till the seventeenth century. By the treaty of Ryswick in 1697 the western portion of the island was definitely ceded to France. The island is now divided into two negro republics; the western, in which French is the official language, is known as the republic of Haiti, and the eastern, in which Spanish is the official language, is known as Santo Domingo. ↩

  4534. Henry Killigrew, son of Thomas Killigrew, talked loudly of his old intimacy with the Countess of Shrewsbury, and this outrage was done at the instigation of that worthless woman. Killigrew appears to have been continually in trouble, for he was beaten by the Duke of Buckingham in 1667, and soon after was in disgrace at Court. Pepys, on May 30th, 1668, mentions that he had newly come back from France, but in October of the same year he was in Paris again, for Charles II wrote to his sister, the Duchess of Orleans, on October 17th, respecting him:

    “For Harry Killigrew, you may see him as you please, and though I cannot commende my Lady Shrewsbury’s conduct in many things, yett Mr. Killigrew’s carriage towards her has been worse than I will repeate, and for his demelé with my Lord of Buckingham he ought not to brag of, for it was in all sorts most abominable. I am glad the poor wrech has gott a meanes of subsistence, but have one caution of him, that you beleeve not one word he sayes of us heere, for he is a most notorious lyar and does not want witt to set forth his storyes plesantly enough.”

    Julia Cartwright’s Madame, 1894, pp. 273, 274

    ↩

  4535. “A lady’s headdress, with long flaps hanging down the sides of the cheek” (Randle Holmes). The word pinner was also used to signify an apron with a bib to it. ↩

  4536. The history of Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey is too well known to require any comment, though his tragical end has never been satisfactorily explained. In the Gentleman’s Magazine for November, 1848, there are some interesting details about the knight’s family, and a description of a silver tankard with inscription and engraved representations of the burials during the Plague and of the Fire of London, now in the possession of the Corporation of Sudbury, Suffolk. —⁠B. See note 3391. Several copies of this tankard have been described, and it has been supposed that copies from a possible original given by the king were presented by Godfrey himself to his friends. ↩

  4537. Fraizer was one of the king’s physicians, and had served him for many years in a political as well as a professional capacity. His character was not very high, and he was mixed up in several discreditable actions. See ante, September 19th, 1664 (Munk’s Roll of the Royal College of Physicians, 1878, vol. i, pp. 232⁠–⁠234). ↩

  4538. Godfrey was released after six days’ imprisonment. ↩

  4539. A curious and uncommon book, entitled, A Compendious Drawing-Book, composed by Alexander Browne, limner, collected from the drawings of the most celebrated painters in Europe, engraven by Arnold de Jode. A second edition, with letterpress and additions, was published in 1675 under the title of Ars Pictoria, or an Academy treating of Drawing, Painting, Limning, Etching. ↩

  4540. Richard Aldworth, of Stanlake, Berks, then one of the Auditors of the Exchequer, represented Reading in the first parliament after the Restoration, and died in 1680. He was the paternal ancestor of the second and third Lords Braybrooke. In 1762 the auditor’s grandson, Richard Neville Aldworth, succeeded to the estates of the Nevilles of Billingbear, in Berkshire, in right of his mother, who was their sole heir, and whose maiden name he assumed. The auditor’s portrait, by Lely, is still at Billingbear. —⁠B. ↩

  4541. Dr. Joseph Henshaw, Bishop of Peterborough, 1663⁠–⁠1679. He died suddenly on March 9th, 1678⁠–⁠79. ↩

  4542. Notes and Queries, 1st S., vol. vi, p. 215. ↩